Instrumentation And Control Research Articles

Design and Implementation of a Reliable and Secure Controller for Smart Home Applications Based on PLC

Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are increasingly being used to realize modern safety-critical instrumentation and control (IC) applications. Examples of these applications are industrial automation and control systems, plant process safety protection systems, smart home systems and digital IC systems embedded in nuclear power plants (NPPs) that require high levels of performance, reliability, and flexibility. The PLC is a flexible, programmable, and robust digital device that can execute all logical and mathematical runtime functions of the IC application and operate in harsh-critical environments. This paper proposes a PLC-based home security controller based on the ladder logic programming model. The design, analysis, and hardware implementation of this controller are presented in this paper. The designed system consists of three basic modules which are a sensing module used for reading the data of the input field devices for the smart home application, a computation-based decisional module used for executing the programming model, and an actuating module used for sending the control commands to the output field devices. The proposed home security system utilized different types of sensors such as a laser photoelectric sensor, a motion or proximity sensor, and a limit switch. In addition, a siren speaker, a light tower including three lights red, yellow, and green, two push-pull switches and emergency push-pull buttons were used as control inputs and output indicators in the implementation of this work This designed system is implemented on the Allen-Bradley CompactLogix PLC controller and Human Machine Interface (HMI) panel programmed as the graphical user interface. The experimental simulation results of the real hardware connection demonstrate that the proposed system is reliable, safe, and feasible for smart home security applications.

Teesside Instrumentation and Control Exhibition

Teesside Instrumentation and Control Exhibition

FPGA-Based I&C Systems in Nuclear Plants

The FPGA (field programmable gate array) is a digital device widely used in various fields of industry. FPGAs can be used to perform functions that are safety critical and require high reliability, like in automobiles, aircraft control and assistance and mission-critical applications in the aerospace industry. With these merits, FPGAs are receiving increased attention worldwide for application in nuclear plant instrumentation and control (I&C) systems, mainly for Reactor Protection System (RPS).Reasons for this include the fact that conventional analog electronics technologies are become obsolete. I&C systems of new Reactors have been designed to adopt the digital equipment such as PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and DCS (Distributed Control System). But microprocessors-based systems may not be simply qualified because of its complex characteristics. For example, microprocessor cores execute one instruction at a time, and an operating system is needed to manage the execution of programs. As a result, nuclear power plant operators and I&C suppliers may consider other non-computer-based digital technologies, such as devices that may be configured using HDL (Hardware Description Language).FPGAs, commonly referred to as HDL programmable devices (HPDs), can run without an operating system and the design architecture is inherently parallel. Despite the attractive features, the use of such programmable devices in safety critical systems for nuclear power plants is relatively new in many countries, and the regulatory approach to licensing such devices may not be clear.In this paper we aim to assess advantages and the limitations on FPGA-based solutions, considering the design guidelines and regulations on the use of FPGAs in Nuclear Plant I&C Systems. We will also examine some circuit design techniques in FPGA to help mitigate failures and provide resilience. The objective is to show how FPGA-based systems can provide cost-effective options for I&C systems in modernization projects, ensuring safe and reliable operation, meeting licensing requirements, such as separation, redundancy and diversity.

Development of Fault Diagnosis System Using Principal Component Analysis for Intelligent Operation Support System

In this paper, it is proposed to develop the fault diagnosis system using the principal component analysis (PCA) for the intelligent operation support system that calculates the effect of fault propagation in abnormalities situation and gives appropriate information to plant operators. This proposed system using PCA discriminates a failure of equipment based on process variables. The proposed method deals with process variables in steady condition and only one type warning alarm condition that is occurred by several different failures. A set of process variables on each failure is shown as the points on 2dimensional data space by PCA. This system judges as a failure of the equipment when a set of current process variables is closed to the point of a failure of equipment on the data space. The proposed fault diagnosis system is applied to process on a simulator and is confirm its validity. Chemical plants had become very complex for a lot of instrumentation and control systems. It is difficult for operators to predict the effect of fault and to decide corrective actions. In addition, quick response from operator is demanded as any delay response for abnormalities may expand the damage of chemical plant.� Many sensors are required to monitor the chemical process for safety. It is difficult to detect the fault in the process from too many sensors. Therefore many sensors’ data are reduced to less parameter by a multivariate analysis (Kano et al. 2001, 2004, Wise and Gallagher 1996). These methods detect the fault in the process, but not diagnosis the failure of equipment. Our research is developing “Intelligent Operation Support System”. This system calculates the effect of fault propagation in abnormal situations and gives appropriate information to operators. It will help operators to make quick judgments for safety. This system predicts process variables in the abnormalities situation’s plant using a simulator. The states of all equipment are inputted to a simulator in order to calculate process variables correctly. In this paper, it is proposed to develop the fault diagnosis system using the principal component analysis. This proposed system discriminates a failure of equipment in its early stage. This system is important for the intelligent operation support system. The principal component analysis discriminates a failure of equipment based on process variables from the actual plant. A data set is process variables in steady conditions and in abnormalities condition. These data sets are obtained from a simulator when the warning alarm is turned on after the selected equipment is artificially changed to a failure mode. The proposed method deals with process variables in steady condition and only one type warning alarm condition at a time. One type warning alarm is occurred by several different failures, so process variables in one failure are similar to another failure in one type warning alarm. So it is difficult to distinguish one failure among failures in one type warning alarm when the principal component analysis deals with failures in all warning alarm at a time. And the proposed method deal with selected process variables based on value changes after a failure is occurred. A set of process variables on each failure is shown as the points on 2dimensional data space by the principal component analysis. This system judges as a failure of the

IJIREEICE - Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control

IJIREEICE - Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control

IJIREEICE - Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control

IJIREEICE - Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control

IJIREEICE - Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control

IJIREEICE - Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control

IJIREEICE - Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control

IJIREEICE - Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control

Safety Integrity Level (sil) Integrated with Human and Organizational Factors

From many accident/incidents analysis, human and organizational factors have been identified as root causes or contributing factors. Therefore, in order to actuate preventively, many methodologies have been proposed for the quantification of these factors in organizations.Due to the advances of digital computing over the last decade, industries have increased the number of installed safety instrumented systems (SIS), which are instrumentation and controls installed in order to bring the process, or equipment to a safe state. However, after plant start up, these SISs may be adversely affected by human and organizational factors and may not reach, at the operation phase, the safety integrity level (SIL) calculated at the design phase.A methodology about the control of human and organizational factors in SIS operational phase is applied in a case study in a liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant. Through the case study the human and organizational factor(s) that most impacted the SIS in the unit could be identified and thus, these problems could be preventively eliminated. It was also possible to calculate the operational SIL and compare it with the design SIL.

Governments and Entrepreneurship: Sensors, Instrumentation and Control

Governments and Entrepreneurship: Sensors, Instrumentation and Control

Trends in Instrumentation and Control

Trends in Instrumentation and Control

The Role of Microelectronics in Instrumentation and Control

The Role of Microelectronics in Instrumentation and Control

Oconee Nuclear Station Unit 1 Startup Instrumentation and Control Experience

This paper discusses selected instrumentation and control experience from the startup of Oconee I which is an 886 MWe nuclear generating and first-of-a-kind design.

Problems of instrumentation and control for nuclear rockets

Problems of instrumentation and control for nuclear rockets

Instrumentation and control

Instrumentation and control