Instrument Interface Research Articles

Smartphone-Integrated Wireless Portable Potentiostat to Develop 5th-Generation Dengue Pocket Aptasensor toward Portronicx-Approach.

Smartphones' widespread availability and worldwide connection are advancing the idea of mobile-based healthcare and promise to transform the business of biosensors. Biosensors based on smartphones have been investigated in several ways, including employing a smartphone in place of a detector or as an instrumental interface. The current work demonstrates the first successful detection of dengue virus using a smartphone-based pocket sensor combined with a wireless potentiostat. The platform developed comprises a smartphone, a wireless portable potentiostat, an Android app, and a three-electrode setup. The combination of portable diagnostic with electronic application is referred to as "Portronicx", and this is the first time that the term "Portronicx" has been used in a dengue sensor, so the current study has the potential to be commercialized in the market with the tag line "Portronicx-commercialization" in the future. Miniaturization improves alternative setup options in terms of instrument size, affordability, mobility, touch-mobile display, and design versatility. The current work proved the excellent combination of a wireless potentiostat with an aptasensor to detect dengue antigen within 20 s with good LOD (0.1 μg/mL) and easy to carry in their pockets. The created platform also performed effectively in human serum. This study replaced all of the instruments with a lightweight touch smartphone, paving the way for the production of fifth-generation electrochemical aptasensors, with potential implications for healthcare applications on the verge of commercialization.

Жанр научной статьи в Интернете: структурно-семиотическая трансформация

The article discusses changes in scientific communication that are related to its transfer to a digital environment. The authors aim to reveal structural and semiotic transformations that the genre of scientific article undergoes in the context of transition from paper to a digital format. To this end, the characteristics of the genre in its traditional printed format are compared to the characteristics of scientific articles as they are presented in the electronic versions of journals. The results of the analysis demonstrate that these changes affected both genre features per se (e.g. the abstract has acquired a visual form) and the “genre shell”, i.e. an instrumental interface that facilitates the recipient’s interaction with the text. The transformation of the genre characteristics found in a scientific article requires that scholars expand their competencies, both cognitive and technical, since this factor predetermines the effectiveness of scientific communication. As for the recipient, the technological context of a scientific article on the Internet provides readers with additional opportunities for interacting with the text through the common use of affordances. Being “intermediaries” between the properties of the text and the reader’s capabilities, affordances are widely used in the procedures of meaning translation. At the same time, a scientific article becomes a typical Internet object that is subject to all actions taken to any other object in a digital environment. The authors conclude that the next research stage can cover the examination of the reader’s interaction with a scientific article on the Internet, as well as the influence of new genre features and affordances on the recipient’s perception and interpretation of the text.

A deep-sea in-situ chemical laboratory for cabled seafloor observatories

A deep-sea in-situ chemical laboratory (DICL) is proposed for new insight into ocean chemical evolution. The DICL integrates a deep-sea in-situ anion analyzer (DIAA) and several chemical sensors connected to cabled seafloor observatories via a science instrument interface module (SIIM). It can measure the concentrations of seawater anions (e.g., Fˉ, Clˉ, Brˉ, NO3ˉ, SO4 2ˉ, PO4 3ˉ), chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen, and methane, as well as pH value. The system operation status can be monitored remotely on the shore, and the science data can be acquired in real-time. After water pressure tests and shallow sea trials, the DICL was tested in the Monterey Accelerated Research System (MARS) deep-sea observatory and collected high-resolution time-series chemical parameters. The experimental results demonstrated that the DICL's mechatronics integration design is reasonable and feasible.

Emotion recognition from MIDI musical file using Enhanced Residual Gated Recurrent Unit architecture

The complex synthesis of emotions seen in music is meticulously composed using a wide range of aural components. Given the expanding soundscape and abundance of online music resources, creating a music recommendation system is significant. The area of music file emotion recognition is particularly fascinating. The RGRU (Enhanced Residual Gated Recurrent Unit), a complex architecture, is used in our study to look at MIDI (Musical Instrument and Digital Interface) compositions for detecting emotions. This involves extracting diverse features from the MIDI dataset, encompassing harmony, rhythm, dynamics, and statistical attributes. These extracted features subsequently serve as input to our emotion recognition model for emotion detection. We use an improved RGRU version to identify emotions and the Adaptive Red Fox Algorithm (ARFA) to optimize the RGRU hyperparameters. Our suggested model offers a sophisticated classification framework that effectively divides emotional content into four separate quadrants: positive-high, positive-low, negative-high, and negative-low. The Python programming environment is used to implement our suggested approach. We use the EMOPIA dataset to compare its performance to the traditional approach and assess its effectiveness experimentally. The trial results show better performance compared to traditional methods, with higher accuracy, recall, F-measure, and precision.

Development of an H ∞ controller for a microgrid using LabVIEW

Abstract This paper focuses on designing a simple yet efficient H ∞ controller for regulating the voltage/frequency, output current, and active/reactive power-sharing in a microgrid (MG). The purpose of designing the robust H ∞ controller is to regulate the frequency and voltage in face of the uncertainties in the microgrid and load variation. The studied DC MG test bed includes an SMPS (switching-mode power supply) and DC-DC converter, necessary sensor and data acquisition systems. The proposed control scheme is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and is then verified in real-time using LabVIEW. The control scheme is developed in the LabVIEW software’s block diagram panel of the virtual instrumentation interface. From both simulation and LabVIEW implementation, load sharing among the DGs, and voltage and frequency regulation at the nominal values are achieved by employing the proposed H ∞ controller. The robustness of the proposed controller is evaluated by comparing it with a robust observer-based controller (Zarei A, Mousavi Y, Mosalanezhad R, Atazadegan MH. Robust voltage control in inverter-interfaced microgrids under plug-and-play functionalities. IEEE Syst J 2020;14:2813–24) under balanced, unbalanced, and non-linear loads. The comparison results envisage that the proposed controller provides improved voltage/frequency regulation and power-sharing during disturbances including the addition of non-linear load to the MG system.

Smartphone-based diagnostics for biosensing infectious human pathogens

The widespread usage of smartphones has made accessing vast troves of data easier for everyone. Smartphones are powerful, handy, and easy to operate, making them a valuable tool for improving public health through diagnostics. When combined with other devices and sensors, smartphones have shown potential for detecting, visualizing, collecting, and transferring data, enabling rapid disease diagnosis. In resource-limited settings, the user-friendly operating system of smartphones allows them to function as a point-of-care platform for healthcare and disease diagnosis. Herein, we critically reviewed the smartphone-based biosensors for the diagnosis and detection of diseases caused by infectious human pathogens, such as deadly viruses, bacteria, and fungi. These biosensors use several analytical sensing methods, including microscopic imaging, instrumental interface, colorimetric, fluorescence, and electrochemical biosensors. We have discussed the diverse diagnosis strategies and analytical performances of smartphone-based detection systems in identifying infectious human pathogens, along with future perspectives.

PRE-CLINICAL TESTING AND FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATIONS OF ORTHOPAEDIC IMPACTION INSTRUMENTS USED IN SEATING OF IMPLANTS

Orthopaedic impaction-instruments are used to drive implants into the bone of the patient. Pre-clinical experimental testing protocols and computer models of those are used to assess robustness and functional efficiency of such instruments. This generally involves impaction of the instrument mounted on a substrate that should represent the mechanics of the patient. In this study, the effects of the substrate on stressing of the impaction-instruments were investigated using dynamic finite element analysis. Model results were compared with experimental data from lab protocols, which have been derived to recreate the mechanics of cadaveric implantations, which represent clinical conditions.FEA models of selected experimental protocols were created in which a simplified instrument was impacted on substrates with varying material properties and boundary conditions. After impaction, the instrument settled into a modal vibration which then decayed over time. The resulting axial strain data from the computational model was compared to strain-gauge data collected from experimental measurements. Strain signal amplitude, frequency and decay were compared. The damping-ratio was derived from the decay of the strain signal.The computational model slightly over-predicted the initial experimental strain amplitudes in all cases, but the frequency of the cyclic strain signals matched. However, the model underestimated the experimentally measured rate of signal decay. Inclusion of implant seating and soft-tissue conditions had little effect on decay.Clinical failures of impaction-instruments may be related to multiple fatigue cycles for each impaction and should be modelled accurately to allow failure prediction. Any soft substrate results in an impedance mismatch at the instrument interface, which reflects the pressure wave and causes vibration with a frequency related to the speed-of-sound in the instrument, and its geometry. While this could be accurately modelled computationally, signal decay was underestimated. Further experimental quantification of energy losses will be important to understand vibration decay.

3D printed opto-microfluidic autonomous analyzer for photometric applications

3D printed opto-microfluidic autonomous analyzer for photometric applications performs the automation of analytical micro-processes. The proposed device was designed under restrictions of small size and low energy consumption, which allow its portability for in-situ, on line and real time analysis. The autonomous process and auto-calibration consists of four functions: control and data acquisition; hydrodynamic: fluid pumping and flow injection; optical detection and wireless communication. All electronics systems where controlled with a virtual instrument interface. In the experiments carried out to measure fluorides, the results obtained were very close to those obtained with laboratory equipment. The consumption of reagents was 50% less and waste was reduced by 80%. The cost of the portable and autonomous microanalyzer is 75% less than large and robust laboratory equipment.

Impact of Interfacing Near Point of Care Clinical Chemistry and Hematology Analyzers at Urgent Care Clinics at an Academic Health System

BackgroundPoint-of-care (POC) testing equipment is commonly utilized in outpatient clinics. Our institution recently interfaced POC chemistry and hematology devices at two outpatient clinics via middleware software to the central electronic health record (EHR), facilitating a comparison of manual transcription versus automatic reporting via interface. This allowed for estimation of serious/obvious error rates and manual time savings. Additional goals were to develop autoverification rules and analyze broad trends of results in response to common clinician complaints on the POC testing. Material and MethodsData were obtained from two satellite clinic sites providing both primary and urgent care within an academic health system. Interface of devices was accomplished via Instrument Manager middleware software and occurred approximately halfway through the 38 month retrospective timeframe. Laboratory results for three testing POC chemistry and hematology panels were extracted with EHR tools. ResultsNearly 100,000 lab values were analyzed and revealed that the rate of laboratory values outside reference range was essentially unchanged before and after interface of POC testing devices (2.0–2.1%). Serious/obvious errors, while rare overall, declined significantly, with none recorded after the interface with autoverified results and only three related to manual edits of results that failed autoverification. Fewer duplicated test results were identified after the interface, most notably with the hematology testing. Anion gap values of less than zero were observed more frequently in POC device tests when compared to central laboratory tests and are attributed to a higher proportion of Cl values greater than 110 mEq/L and CO2 values greater than 30 mEq/L with POC results. Time savings of eliminating manual data entry were calculated to be 21.6 employee hours per month. ConclusionsIn a switch from manual entry to automatic interface for POC chemistry and hematology, the most notable changes were reduction of serious/obvious errors and duplicate results. Significant time employee time savings highlight an additional benefit of instrument interfacing. Lastly, a difference between POC and central laboratory instruments is a higher rate of high Cl and CO2 values relative to the central laboratory.

A LabVIEW based virtual instrument system for mid infrared laser spectroscopy measurements

The development of a virtual instrument (VI) interface to acquire spectroscopic measurements using a quantum cascade laser-based on LabVIEWTM is presented. The interface can enable mid-infrared laser spectroscopic data acquisition using a fast response mercury-cadmium-telluride (MCT) detector. The MCT is connected to an analog/digital converter card, and the data is displayed in a virtual high-speed oscilloscope. The VI processes the acquired data, displays the information, and saves it to a file through several operations using a “state machine” architecture. Transmission measurements of a polystyrene film were used to calibrate the system. They were compared to the National Institute of Standards and Technology-based FT-IR reference spectrum, showing excellent agreement. The system was tested with four different optical setups for IR Transmission, Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy, Reflection Absorption Infrared Spectroscopy, and Attenuated Total Reflection. The VI can be easily customized, allowing users to adapt it according to their specific laboratory needs.

Simulation-based surgical training systems in laparoscopic surgery: a current review

Simulation-based training has been widely used in medical education. More specifically, various systems for minimally invasive surgery training have been proposed in the past two decades. The aim of this article is to review and summarize the existing simulation-based training systems for laparoscopic surgery in terms of their technical realizations. Forty-three training systems were found and analyzed. These training systems generally consist of training tasks, a visualization interface, and an instrument interface. Three different approaches—physical, virtual, and augmented reality—to implement visualization interfaces are discussed first. Then, haptic feedback, performance evaluation, and guidance methods are summarized. Portable devices to enable at-home training and instrument tracking technologies to support visualization, evaluation, and guidance are also presented. Based on survey of the relevant literature, we propose several recommendations to design the next-generation training systems in laparoscopic surgery. Novel guidance and assessment schemes with augmented reality visualization are recommended to design an intelligent surgical training simulator. This intelligent simulator enhances the training procedure and ultimately improves the patient safety.

The Antarctic Astronomical Observations Intelligent Support Equipment “Dome A” Site-Testing Observatory: Electric Power Generation and Control Systems

AAOISE, the Antarctic Astronomical Observations Intelligent Support Equipment, is an autonomous control equipment serving for energy support and environment thermal preservation, which is used for astronomical science observations in the Antarctic “Dome A”. It was deployed to “Dome A” and had an unattended run until now. The AAOISE stressed on the ways to adapt to adverse circumstances of “Dome A” and to have as little influence on the environment as possible. Its shape and structure are fully qualified for transportation and thermal insulation demands. The power generation and control systems are designed to provide continuous power and heat. Its communication system can support high-reliability data transmission and communications. It offers a possibility for developing “Dome A” scientific activities and remote monitoring of the running situation of the science instruments. This paper presents a detailed description of the power generation, power control, thermal management, instrument interface, and communications systems for AAOISE.

Establishment of an Aggregation Model Associated with Instrument Interface Design Based on Kansei Factors of Electric Vehicle Drivers

In traditional Miryoku engineering, the construction of product Kansei factors is only based on the qualitative analysis method. The traditional Miryoku engineering cannot effectively reflect the complex and changeable Kansei factors of users. Therefore, the research path of the Kansei factors needs to be expanded. In this paper, we proposed an evaluation-fuzzy-quantification model based on users’ Kansei, and the evaluation analysis, the fuzzy computing, and the quantitative analysis were combined to quantify the importance of design considerations for the instrument interface of electric vehicles. The characteristic of the proposed method is that the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis are combined to overcome their respective drawbacks. The results of the experiment verified that the proposed method could quantitatively analyze the design consideration factors, and the proposed approach could improve the usability and appeal of the instrument information interface.

A Sensor System to Assess the Ocular Digital Massage in an Ophthalmic Anaesthesia Training System

Ophthalmic anesthesia training simulators require the evaluation of the proper procedure of (i) orbital needle block followed by (ii) ocular digital massage (ODM). In this paper, to implement digital massage training, an elastic silicone eye mount that articulates the anatomical features of the eye and allows lateral, axial, and compressive movements is presented. An inbuilt permanent magnet in conjunction with four Hall-sensors enables measurements, not only on the movements of the eyeball during digital compression but enables simultaneous measurement of the applied force on the eyeball. Thus, the evaluation of whether the trainee had performed ocular digital compression correctly is feasible. A virtual instrumentation interface developed, measures both the force applied and the movements of the eyeball and issues appropriate warnings to the trainee as part of the training. In the previously developed camera-based system, erroneous output was observed when the eyeball position changed due to compression. The proposed system is designed such that a weak perspective image projection-based methodology itself is adequate to correct this issue. The proposed technique was experimentally validated through results obtained from a prototype unit built and tested. A worst-case error less than 2.0% in the measurement of lateral and axial movements and less than 0.4% error in the computation of compressive force is achieved.

Instrumentation and control selection for the 12 GeV Hall B magnets at Jefferson Lab

As part of the Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) 12 GeV accelerator upgrade, the experimental physics Hall B detector system requires two superconducting magnets—a torus and a solenoid. The specifications required maximum space for the detectors which led to the choice of conduction cooling for each magnet. The torus consists of six trapezoidal ‘race-track’-type coils connected in series with an operating current of 3770 A. The solenoid is an actively shielded 5 Tesla magnet consisting of five coils connected in series operating at 2416 A. Within the hall the two magnets are located in close proximity to each other and are surrounded by particle detectors. We describe the philosophy behind the instrumentation selection and control design that accounts for this proximity and other challenging working conditions. We describe the choice of sensor technologies, as well as the control and data acquisition methods. The magnet power and cryogenic control sub-systems are implemented using Allen Bradley Control-Logix 1756-L72 programmable logic controllers (PLCs). Sensor instrumentation readbacks are routed into the PLC via National Instruments cRIO hardware (field programmable gate arrays or FPGA/RT application) using a JLab-designed FPGA-based multi-sensor-excitation-chassis. Configuration, monitoring, and alarm handlers for the magnet systems are provided via an experimental physics instrumentation and control system interface. Failure modes and effects analysis and the requirement to monitor critical parameters during operation guided the selection of instrumentation and associated hardware. The design of the quench protection and voltage tap sub-systems was driven by the anticipated level of voltages developed during a magnet quench. The primary-hardwired quench detection and protection sub-system together with the secondary PLC based protection sub-system is also discussed. The successful commissioning and subsequent performance of these magnets demonstrates the robustness of the design and implementation approach that was adopted by the JLab team and serves as an excellent ‘how to’ guide for future projects of this size and complexity.

Foreword: Selected papers from the Tenth International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies

Foreword: Selected papers from the Tenth International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies

MEMBANGUN SENDIRI SISTEM INFORMASI LABORATORIUM

LIS (Laboratory Information System) include software, hardware and brain ware. It could accepted the laboratoryinformation's,analyze and organize the activity clinical laboratory The laboratory information system confirm laboratory's businessfrom input and output process According this Semen Gresik Hospital was increase the quality of clinical laboratory information. TheLIS needs computers as workstations, instrument interface server, as well as laboratory automation systems. The recorded ID barcodelabels used for patients identification as well as for administration and labeling the samples. The samples were process (analyses) andthe results were printout. LIS will decrease the patients' turn around time as well as the praeanalytic errors. The self-building of LIS ischeaper than the laboratory instruments bought including.

Robot Integrated User Interface for Physical Interaction with the DLR MIRO in Versatile Medical Procedures

To enhance the capability of the DLR MIRO for physical human robot interaction (pHRI), six buttons were integrated as additional input interface along the robot structure. A ring of eight RGB-LEDs at the instrument interface informs the user as additional output interface about the robot’s state. The mechatronic design, which is transferable to other robots, adapts to the existing communication infrastructure of the robot and therefore offers real-time capability. Besides the interaction with the robot itself, it also allows the control of third party devices connected to its communication network. Both interfaces can be flexibly programmed e.g. in C++ or Simulink.

Computer-Based Human-Machine Interfaces for Emergency Operation

Emergency operating procedures (EOPs) are fundamental for coping with emergency and accident situations in nuclear power plants. Researchers at the Halden Reactor Project have developed a design concept including computer-based EOPs and other displays to support operators during emergency situations. The computer-based procedure system includes three displays: a symptom check display intended for monitoring EOP entrance criteria, a procedure selection and overview display, and a procedure performance display. A large-screen display provides shared information viewable for all operators in the control room. This paper describes the design, implementation, and initial testing of the displays in the Halden Man-Machine Laboratory. The original paper presented at the 10th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control and Human Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC&HMIT 2017) has been revised to include empirical results from a full-scope simulator study.

Mid Infrared Instrument cooler subsystem test facility overview

The Cryocooler for the Mid Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) provides cooling at 6.2K on the instrument interface. The cooler system design has been incrementally documented in previous publications [1][2][3][4][5]. It has components that traverse three primary thermal regions on JWST: Region 1, approximated by 40K; Region 2, approximated by 100K; and Region 3, which is at the allowable flight temperatures for the spacecraft bus. However, there are several sub-regions that exist in the transition between primary regions and at the heat reject interfaces of the Cooler Compressor Assembly (CCA) and Cooler Control Electronics Assembly (CCEA). The design and performance of the test facility to provide a flight representative thermal environment for acceptance testing and characterization of the complete MIRI cooler subsystem are presented.