Education Instructional Materials Research Articles

Information and Communication Technology: Learners’ Perspectives on Multimedia Instructional Materials Used In Teaching at Marawi City National High School

The study aimed to determine the learners’ perspectives on the Multimedia Instructional Materials used in teaching at Marawi City National High School. The study used descriptive method and utilized survey-questionnaires, these contained three parts, first, what is the profile of the respondents, second, the kinds of multimedia instructional materials used in teaching, and third, the implications can be drawn from the findings of the study. Frequency, percentage and weighted mean were used as statistical tools to analyze the data. Upon the retrieval of the instruments, it was directly tabulated and interpreted. The results revealed that 50.00% of the respondents’ ages ranged from 17-19 years old, 60.00% of the respondents were male. Likewise, 64.00% of the respondents agreed PowerPoint Presentation was always used as multimedia instruction. The respondents’ perception on the multimedia instructional materials used in teaching showed the overall mean average of 2.34; standard deviation= 0.91 which mean agreed to all the indicators or the perception given in the questionnaire regarding the use of multimedia instructional materials in teaching. Moreover, the results implied that multimedia instructional materials being used in teaching helped the learners attentively engaged in classroom discussions, it helps learners think critically and supports retain useful information. It is recommended to teachers to always use multimedia instructions to help the learners understand the concept of the topic, increase their interests and motivation, and hold their attention to the classroom discussion.

Designing Educational Instructional Materials for Industrial Technology Program using Mobile-Based Application

Designing Educational Instructional Materials for Industrial Technology Program using Mobile-Based Application

Identifying Cambodian teachers' concerns about including students with disabilities in regular classrooms: Evidence from a nationwide survey

AbstractThis study examined teachers' concerns about including students with disabilities (SWDs) in regular classrooms and identified the background variables that were significantly associated with their concerns. A total of 1008 primary school teachers from 236 schools across all 25 provinces and cities in Cambodia participated in the study. The Concern about Inclusive Education Scale (CIES) was used as a research instrument. Descriptive statistics, a principal component analysis, reliability tests, Pearson correlation coefficients and a multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. The result of the principal component analysis confirmed a four‐factor model for the CIES. The study found that Cambodian teachers had high levels of concern about including SWDs in regular classrooms. They expressed the deepest concerns about the inadequate availability of special education instructional materials and teaching aids, the lack of knowledge and skills required to teach SWDs, the increased workloads and the challenges of providing equal attention to all students. The experience of inclusive education training, years of teaching in regular classrooms, and experience of teaching SWDs were significantly associated with their concerns about inclusion. The findings were discussed with practical implications for improved policy and practice to address Cambodian teachers' concerns and promote their inclusive practices.

Context of Employing Non-English Language Major Teachers to Teach English Courses in High School: Implications for a Policy Note

Teaching English courses mainly improves students’ communicative competence for a successful integration into public life so English teachers should possess certain qualifications to deliver instruction well. This study aims to describe the causes and effects of employing non-English language major teachers to teach English courses in the Naguilian Cluster as basis in policy note formulation. It employed the descriptive survey research design and used a researcher-made questionnaire in gathering data. The study found out that none of the respondents pursued higher studies related with English since their baccalaureate degree is not English and they were underload. They believed that there should be strict hiring and selection of English teachers. Moreover, they greatly affect the quality of English language learning since they commit errors or mistakes in the production of learning resources or instructional materials in teaching English. Thus, English teachers should either have a bachelor’s degree related with English or a certification in English language teaching; should undergo intensive training to enrich their English language teaching pedagogy; and the preparation and development of learning resources or instructional materials in English teaching and learning should be led by English language teachers who are experts in this field. The study recommends the inclusion of a certification in English language teaching in the absence of a bachelor’s degree in English.

Teachers' Perceptions and Practices of Using Instructional Materials: Evidence from Haramaya Town

The purpose of this research was to examine how instructional materials are perceived and utilized by primary school teachers in Haramaya town. The study utilized a mixed-methods design and collected data through a questionnaire and interview from 123 randomly selected primary school teachers. The collected quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics (percentages, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent sample T-test and one-way ANOVA). Qualitative data were analysed through word description and narration. The study results indicated that most teachers had a positive perception of the use of instructional materials in teaching and learning, but their practices were found to be infrequent. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the utilization of instructional materials between male and female teachers, and no significant difference was found based on teachers’ educational qualifications. However, there was a significant difference in experience among teachers. Therefore, it is recommended that the Haramaya Town Education Office provide training to improve teachers’ utilization of instructional materials to enhance the teaching and learning process in primary schools

English Language: Commonly Used Instructional Materials in Teaching and Learning

This study investigates the survey of instructional materials commonly used by teachers in teaching and learning of English Language in Selected Junior Secondary Schools in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area of Rivers State. Five research questions were used to guide the study. The population of the study was 1,230 respondents from Junior Secondary School Students and 120 respondents were used for the study. Twenty five research questionnaires (25) items were raised from the research questions and were analyzed using a four point Likert scale. A benchmark of 2.5 was used as a criterion for agreement. Conclusion and recommendations were made based on the following. Teachers should always try their best to make use of available visual instructional materials necessary to make their lessons more interesting, teachers are encouraged to search for necessary visual instructional materials that can appeal to the sense of learners, arouse their interest, encourage their participation, making learning more meaningful and promote academic standard, school principles should provide teachers with enabling environment for the use of available instructional material to give room for participatory studentship and make learning more meaningful, government should supply teaching aids and finance schools to improvise unavailable and inadequate instructional materials to make teaching and learning easier, practical, appealing and enjoyable.

Utilization of teaching resources for efficient instructional delivery in data processing in senior secondary schools in Anambra state

The purpose of this study is to investigate how teaching materials are used in senior secondary schools in Anambra state to facilitate effective data processing and instruction for respondents. The study employed a survey methodology. A total of 120 instructors and 18 pupils made up the 138 respondents who took part in the study’s sample, which was employed in the analysis. A four-part questionnaire that was self-created was the study’s primary tool. The instrument has been validated. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22 was used to extract the data gathered from the respondents from the Google form and conduct the analysis. In order to determine the frequency and proportion of the entire population, the researcher employed descriptive analysis. Based on the analysis of the data collected, the researcher found that learning data processing becomes easier with the use of instructional materials. It was concluded that instructional materials have a greater advantage to the teacher and respondents. This study contributes to the existing literature on educational technology integration in Nigeria and specifically highlights the need for improved utilization of teaching resources for data processing education. By shedding light on the current state of affairs in Anambra state’s senior secondary schools, the findings of this study can inform policymakers, school administrators, and educators on the effectiveness of instructional materials in teaching and learning data processing.

Factors Affecting the Academic Performance of Grade 11 Students in General Mathematics in Tabuk City District

The study determined the factors perceived as affecting the academic performance in General Mathematics during the first semester, S.Y. 2022-2023 of the 156 Grade 11 students at the four public senior high schools in Tabuk City district. The study made use of the descriptive correlational research design with the questionnaire as the main instrument in gathering the data needed. The data gathered were coded, tabulated, and analyzed using the Statistics Program for Social Sciences (SPSS). Mean and percentage distribution were used to determine the profile of the respondents and the factors perceived to influence their performance in General Mathematics. Data were interpreted using the Likert’s scale. The relationship between the respondents’ profile and the factors perceived to influence their performance in mathematics were tested by Pearson’s Moment Correlation and ChiSquare test of independence. Of the 156 respondents, most are 17 years old with a mean age of 17.20. the Grade 11 students in Luna district are mostly females. 27.56 percent are enrolled in HUMSS, 26.92 percent in STEM, 19.23 percent in ABM, 17.95 percent in Tour Guiding/Travel Services, and 8.33 percent in Housekeeping. 96.15 percent of the respondents came from public junior high school. Most of the respondents are Ilocano with a percentage of 88.46. Most of their parents graduated in college with an average of 25.00 percent for the father and 26.92 percent for the mother. 35.00 percent of family’s monthly income ranges from ₱5,000 and below. The Grade 11 students’ extent of performance is ‘average.’ Specifically, attitude towards General Mathematics, study habit, family’s proper guidance, and class schedule as perceived by the student-respondents are ‘moderately favorable.’ Family’s support, class size, teacher’s competency, teaching strategy and mastery of the subject matter, use of instructional materials in teaching, and teacher’s attitude and working relationship are ‘favorable’ to the students’ academic performance. Peer factor indicators are perceived to be ‘influencing,’ learning materials and facilities at home are adequate, and school facilities, equipment, and/or building are ‘very adequate.’ The Grade 11 students in Tabuk City district have ‘satisfactory’ performance as evaluated through the Grading Sheet. Their age and track/strand are significantly related to their academic performance. Finally, school-related factor in terms of class size and peer factor/influence are significantly related to the students’ academic performance

Utilization of Instructional Materials for Effective Teaching of Electrical Installation and Maintenance Works Trade in Technical Colleges of Adamawa State

The main aim of the study was to assess the utilization of instructional materials for effective teaching of electrical installation and maintenance works in Technical Colleges of Adamawa State. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study which adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 37 subjects consisting of 13 electrical installation and maintenance works trade teachers and 24 administrators of the three Technical Collages in Adamawa State. The entire population was used for the study, hence, sampling was not employed. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled: “Utilization of Instructional Materials for Effective Teaching of Questionnaire” (UIMFTQ) developed by the researchers. The instrument was validated by three experts and a reliability of 0.86 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha method. Mean and t-test were used to answer the three research questions and test the null hypotheses of the study at 0.05 level of significance respectively. Findings of the study revealed the usefulness of instructional materials includes: making lesson presentation more interesting to the learner, promotes learning, attracting students’ attention, contributes in recalling previous experiences. The study further revealed that the factors affecting the effective use of instructional materials in teaching of electrical installation and maintenance works trade include: unavailability of trained teachers on the use of instructional materials and lack adequate supervisory services by the school authorities among others. Based on the findings of the study, Ministry of Education should encourage teachers to make good use of the available instructional materials to make teaching and learning more interesting and simple for learners and trade teachers should be encouraged to go for in-service training in order to update their knowledge and skills in the use of instructional materials.

Availability and Utilization of Instructional Materials in Teaching and Learning of Biology in Senior Secondary Schools

This study investigated the availability and utilization of instructional materials in the teaching and learning of biology in senior secondary schools in Talata Mafara Town, Zamfara State. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study using quantitative data. The population comprised all the heads of department of biology in the senior secondary schools (six public and four private) in Talata Mafara Town. The entire population constituted the sample of the study due to its small size. A validated questionnaire with reliability index of 0.63 obtained using Cronbach’s alpha was used as instrument for data collection. The data collected were analyzed using frequency counts and percentages presented in tables and charts. Five research questions guided the study. The findings of the study revealed that some of the required instructional materials are fairly available but are not regularly use by biology teachers. Biology laboratories and instructional materials relating to multimedia are lacking in most of the schools in Talata Mafara Town. Lack of fund for procurement and large class size coupled with lack of in-service training for serving biology teachers were major factors identified to inhibit effective provision and utilization of instructional materials respectively. Based on these findings, the study recommended among others that biology teachers in Talata Mafara Town should make effort in utilizing available instructional materials. Zamfara Sate Government should build biology laboratories and make provision for instructional materials especially multimedia related in all senior secondary schools in Talata Mafara. Professional development of biology teachers should be encouraged and sponsored by government and other relevant stake holders.

The Impact of Instructional Materials in Teaching and Learning of Biology in the Colleges of Education in the Central Region of Ghana

The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of instructional materials in teaching and learning biology in the Colleges of Education in the Central Region of Ghana. Qualitatively, a case study research design was selected for the study. The population of the study consists of three Biology tutors in the three Colleges of Education in the Central Region. The purposive sampling technique was chosen to select all the three colleges and three Biology tutors for the study. The interview guide was the main instrument for the data collection. Data were analysed using the interpretative technique based on the themes arrived at during the data collection from the respondents. The study concluded that instructional materials boast students’ cognitive abilities and arouse their interest in the lesson by helping them to reason critically during teaching and learning. The study also revealed that the competencies level of tutors helps them in the assessment of the subject, selecting relevant materials for each concept. Their pedagogical skills depend on their competencies in the classroom instructions. The study also concluded that a good presentation of a lesson has a substantial impact on teaching and learning situations, as well as the vast amount of information available to students, to supplement their instruction and the principles for appropriate use of instructional materials. It is recommended that professional development should be organised for the Biology tutors in their respective colleges to have competencies in using relevant instructional materials in assessing students in Biology lessons. It is also recommended that Ghana Tertiary Education Commission (G-TEC), National Teaching Council (NTC), and universities should collaborate with the colleges to organise workshops and seminars for tutors teaching Biology to update their knowledge in the use of digital instructional materials in lesson presentation.

Role of Instructional Materials in the Teaching of Basic Science in Primary Schools in Ilorin South Local Government Area of Kwara State

This study evaluated the availability and utilization of instructional materials in the teaching of basic science in primary schools in Ilorin South Local Government Area of Kwara State. The sample for this study comprised of one hundred (100) primary school teachers kin ten (10) selected primary schools in Ilorin south local government of Kwara state structured questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection and the instrument was face validated by the supervisor. Three research questions guided the study, the data were analyzed using simple percentage and chi-square, the researcher designed a questionnaire to carry out his research work which is termed the availability and utilization of instructional materials in the teaching of basic science in primary schools (AAUIMTBSIPS). The findings of this research work shows that there is a significant relationship between the availability and the use of instructional materials, based on these findings it was concluded that there is high extent to which the available instructional materials are utilized for teaching basic science in primary schools, there is an impact of instructional materials in teaching and learning of basic science in primary schools. It was recommended among others that; policy on instructional materials adaptation in school be reviewed and fully implemented and the need for recruitment of qualified personnel should be recruited to enhance effective utilization of instructional materials in primary schools, also non-governmental agencies and wealthy Nigerians should participate in the provision of instructional materials in primary schools. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/13-18-11 Publication date: June 30 th 2022

Teachers’ Pedagogical Competence as a Determinant of Students’ Motivation Towards Business Education in Federal College of Education (Technical) Gombe in North-East Nigeria

The aim of this study was to determine teachers’ pedagogical competence as a determinant of students’ motivation towards business education, the study adopted qualitative research and the design used for the study was instrumental case study. The participants were final year undergraduate business education students. The sampling technique used was purposeful sampling in selecting six (6) participants, three from the students and three from the academic staff. The researcher with the help of one (1) research assistant conducted face to face interview using semi structured interview protocol, with few open-ended questions. Data collected were analyzed using thematic analysis for interview. The results revealed that teacher’ pedagogical competences as a determinant of students’ motivation towards business education required possession of knowledge of the subject matter, use of appropriate teaching methods and using of instructional materials in teaching and learning process. The results also revealed that teachers’ pedagogical competence as a determinant of students’ motivation towards business education required teacher-student positive relationship, use of positive reinforcement and incentives, and teacher personality to motivate students towards business education. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Government, National Commission for Colleges of education, and other stakeholders should consider professional teaching qualification as pre-requisite for the recruitment of teachers and to provide in-service training, seminars, and conferences, workshops for the teachers, to improve in student-teacher relationship, and use of positive reinforcement/incentives in order to motivate students toward business education.

Incorporating Tangible Instructional Materials in Teaching and Learning: Implications for Educational Assessment and Evaluation

Tangible instructional teaching and learning materials are key to the easy attainment of any pre-determined instructional objectives. This assertion should be true for all classes of learners, especially those who are slow in learning and cannot respond adequately to verbal instruction. Learning with concrete and manipulative objects, as noted in this paper, not only enhances learning progress but also improves the competences of those with learning difficulties.

Teacher’s Use of Instructional Materials in Teaching and Learning Mathematics in Rwandan Primary Schools

Teaching and learning mathematics is easier, more interesting, more enjoyable, and more closely connected to real life applications with the use of instructional materials like textbooks, manipulatives, technology tools, and (physical or digital) models. This study investigated the impact of instructional aids on classroom interaction through semi-structured interviews and classroom observations of 15 mathematics teachers from five primary schools in Rulindo district, in Rwanda’s Northern Province. Interviews were analyzed thematically, and classroom observations were analyzed descriptively. The analysis indicates a lack of instructional materials for teaching mathematics overall. Most teachers use course books, but report that there are not enough books available. Use of ICT is limited due to the lack of power supply in some schools. Teachers in this study either did not use available instructional materials at all, or, if they were used, they were not used appropriately. Teachers also did not allow students to actively use the materials; thus, students were not given the opportunity to enhance their active learning and participate in constructing their knowledge of the mathematics content.

The attitude of biology teachers towards improvisation and utilization of instructional materials in teaching and learning biology in private secondary schools in Potiskum local government area

This study was carried out on the Attitude of Biology Teachers towards Improvisation and Utilization of Instructional Materials in Private Secondary Schools in Potiskum Local Government Area. Four research questions in line with the purpose of the study were formulated to guide the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The target group of the study was the entire 38 Biology teachers from 22 Private schools in Potiskum Local Government Area. Due to manageable size of the group, there is no sample and sampling technique used for the study as such the entire group was used for the study. Data were collected for the study through the administration of structured questionnaire. The data obtained were analysed using mean. The findings of the study revealed that, Biology teachers give students group projects to produce instructional materials and Biology teachers request that students bring materials in the environment to be used as improvised material during lessons. The findings of the study also revealed that, Biology teacher utilized improvised Visual aids like diagram, charts, posters, pictures and photographs for effective teaching of Biology, and Biology teachers utilized available resource person in the community to improvised instructional materials for teaching Biology. The findings of the study further revealed that, the use of Improvised Biology Materials helps the biology teachers to capture and sustain the curiosity and interest of the learners towards the lesson in schools and that the use of Improvised Biology Materials helps the biology teachers to motivate students in the subject being taught. The findings of the study also revealed that, lack of awareness on where to obtain facilities for improvising instructional materials and lack of motivation on part of government for Biology teachers in their efforts towards improvisation of instructional materials for teaching Biology are some of the problems faced by Biology teachers towards improvisation of Instructional Materials for Teaching and Learning of Biology in Private Secondary Schools in Potiskum Local Government Area. It was recommended that, Policy-makers in the secondary schools should raise fund so as to procure materials necessary for improvisation and purchase of textbooks that will facilitate the effective teaching of the course.

The attitude of biology teachers towards improvisation and utilization of instructional materials in teaching and learning biology in private secondary schools in Potiskum local government area

The attitude of biology teachers towards improvisation and utilization of instructional materials in teaching and learning biology in private secondary schools in Potiskum local government area

EFFECT OF IMPROVISED INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS ON CHEMISTRY STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC RETENTION IN SECONDARY SCHOOL

This study investigated the effect of improvised instructional materials on chemistry students’ academic retention in secondary school. It covered the topics; acids, bases and acid- base reactions. Two research questions and two hypotheses were used to guide the study, relevant literatures were also reviewed. The study was carried out in Awka education zone in Anambra State. The population of the study consists of 8,583 SS1 chemistry students in the zone. The sample size for the study comprised of 192 SS1 chemistry students. The study adopted quasi-experimental design. Four purposively selected co-educational schools were used for the study of which students of chemistry in two schools were assigned to experimental group which received treatment of involvement in teaching chemistry using improvised instructional materials and the other two schools were assigned to control group which were taught using standard instructional materials. Twenty- five (25) Chemistry retention test (CRT) was used as the instrument. The instrument was validated by expert in science education department and educational foundation. CRT reliability was established using Kudar Richardson 20 (KR-20) which yielded reliability coefficient of 0.81. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that, students taught chemistry with improvised instructional materials significantly achieved more than those taught with standard instructional materials. Also, there was high knowledge retention on the experimental group than the control group. There was no interaction effect of gender and type of instructional materials on students’ retention in chemistry. It was recommended that teachers in the teaching field should be trained on the skills of the use of improvised instructional materials. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the use of improvised instructional materials in teaching of chemistry improve the academic retention of students in chemistry.

Justification for Entrepreneurial Education and Attendant Challenges in Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology Ikere

The paper examined j ustification for Entrepreneurial Education and attendant challenges in Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology Ikere. The paper revealed that Entrepreneurial Department was created to produce graduates who will act naturally dependent, job creators, and not job seekers in Nigeria. Towards achieving the objectives of entrepreneurial studies, the paper highlighted factors that need to be put in place such as employment of qualified lecturers, adequate funding, a workshop/exhibition center, adequate-facilities, equipment, and instructional materials for teaching and learning. The paper concluded that the Department of Entrepreneurial Studies needs adequate provision of all the factors identified in the paper to achieve the purpose of creating the Department. For smooth running of Entrepreneurship Studies and to guarantee an expected outcome, the paper suggested that Government and the non-government agencies should collaborate to provide an enabling environment for effective teaching and learning of Entrepreneurial Studies in the institution, also Government and other relevant authorities should establish an Entrepreneurship Development center with all the necessary facilities needed for Entrepreneurial Studies in the University. Keywords: Entrepreneurial Skills, Job Creation, Adequate Fund, Proper Implementation DOI: 10.7176/JEP/12-14-07 Publication date: May 31 st 2021

DESIGNING INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING WRITING RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH EDMODO PLATFORM

This research aims to design instructional materials for teaching and learning writing recount text through the Edmodo platform to tenth-grade students of SMA Kristen Abdi Wacana Pontianak. This instructional material was designed based on the teacher's interview, analysis of the current syllabus, and the English textbook. The researcher applied ADDIE as the research model. In this research, the researcher only implemented three phases which are analyzing, designing, and developing (ADD) without implementing and evaluating phase because of time limitation. The materials and tasks were indicated the teaching and learning focus only on writing recount text. This instructional was designed to include learning through digital learning media. Thus, some of the materials and tasks were provided on the Edmodo platform. The main structures of the instructional are the books' cover, preface, syllabus, basic competence and indicator competence, learning goals, material, and task. The researcher used expert validation to make sure that the material was usable. It revealed that the interpretation result of the product was very good. Besides, these instructional materials which were designed indicate that it is workable as the teaching materials in SMA Kristen Abdi Wacana Pontianak.