State Institutions Research Articles

Transformational leadership for sustainable productivity in higher education institutions of Cameroon

AbstractThis study investigates the need for transformational leadership in the sustainable development of the productivity in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Cameroon. While institutions always request additional funding, the need for effective allocation and utilization of existing resources is relevant for sustainability. Participants for this study included teachers from state and private HEIs in Cameroon. Correlation and regression models were used to assess the impact of transformational leadership on sustainable productivity grounded in Michael Fullan’s (2011) six secrets of educational change theory. A positive and significant relationship was observed between transformational leadership and the productivity of HEIs. While the practice of transformational leadership was observed more in state-owned HEIs, the impact was more in private than in state HEIs. The mean value for intellectual stimulation for sustainable productivity of higher institutes of learning is higher for the private as compared to that of state institutions showing that intellectual stimulation is more used in private HEIs to improve their productivity than in state-owned HEIs in Cameroon. While the correlational analysis showed that intellectual stimulation has the strongest correlate effect on sustainable productivity, the regression analysis showed that inspirational motivation has more added value to productivity. Based on these findings, we recommend a leadership model for sustaining organizational productivity, where the essence of the effective practice of transformational leadership is collaboration, especially in the change process.

Air Transport Organization: Competitiveness, Globalization, and Innovation

Introduction. Effective organization of air transportation is the basis of strengthening the positions of airlines in the international air transport system in the conditions of deepening globalization processes of aviation activity.Problem Statement. It is a priority direction for the development of aviation activities within the framework of the concept of the state's transport policy, which ensures the safety of passengers and the transparency of territorial and industrial relations in the conditions of constant changes in the economic environment of the national economy.Purpose. Research of the current state of aviation activity, ensuring the effective organization of air transportation in the transport system and interrelated branches of the national economy.Materials and Мethods. A dialectical-materialist approach, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, formalization and analogy have been employed. Statistical documents of international organizations, private and state institutions, publications of research by domestic and foreign researchers have been used as reference material.Results. Five elements of the organization of air transportation at the global level are highlighted: the largest specific weight of passenger transportation in the structure of aviation activity; the aviation industry is promising, which is gradually expanding the boundaries of its niche in the world transport market; the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the aviation industry, changing the centers of economic gravity; active activity of global aviation organizations and associations, which covers most countries of the world; development of a regulatory and legal framework of a global level and global standardization of aviation activities. The challenges of the aviation industry, which arise at the global level, have been characterized.Conclusions. The key prospects for the development of the global aviation industry based on innovative activities are: the latest types of aviation fuel aimed at environmental safety; targeting new layers of potential customers; growth of jobs in the aviation industry; compliance with the accuracy of the departure/arrival schedule; smart service and flight safety.

Contribution and challenges of integrating women into police reform in Somaliland

The purpose of the study was to investigate the obstacles faced by women within the police agency, assess their contributions, and develop appropriate recommendations aimed at enhancing the status of women and promoting their recruitment, retention, and advancement as police officers. In Somaliland, women encounter numerous barriers in the policing sector, which include organizational, personal, psychological, and social challenges that impede their representation. Somaliland declared its independence from Somalia in 1991, following the collapse of the central Somali government. Although it does not enjoy full international recognition, Somaliland has effectively established a stable government, developed functional state institutions, and conducted democratic elections. The country has focused on enhancing its security framework, with the Somaliland police being formed in 1993, playing a crucial role in upholding law and order in a context of persistent regional instability. The Somaliland Police is estimated to comprise around eight thousand personnel distributed across all six regions, with approximately 5 percent representation of women in law enforcement. This research paper adopted a descriptive methodology that utilized qualitative techniques to investigate the challenges encountered by women in law enforcement. Eight key informant interviews were carried out with police personnel, representatives from civil society organizations, officials from the Ministry of Interior, UN agencies, and members of the community. Furthermore, four focus group discussions were organized, comprising women police officers, male officers, and community members. Primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions, while secondary data was obtained through a thematic literature review concerning the roles and obstacles associated with the integration of women into police reform. The research paper indicated that female police officers perform the same duties and responsibilities as their male counterparts, with the exception of patrolling and night shifts at police stations. Additionally, they are involved in specific activities concerning women's and children's issues, such as conducting physical checks of women entering public spaces, assisting female victims, investigating cases of harm against women, apprehending, and interviewing female offenders, addressing domestic violence and supporting victims of gender-based violence. The primary challenges faced by women in the police force in Somaliland include issues related to their attire, inadequate access to essential equipment and facilities, discrimination, imbalances between marriage, family, and work, limited understanding of the police system, and cultural obstacles. To mitigate these challenges, the research suggests increasing awareness of the roles and contributions of female police officers, conducting a capacity assessment for these personnel, improving their training and equipment, and creating a supportive environment for women, where government initiatives, in partnership with the stakeholders, and community can effectively address the challenges faced by women.

Problems and challenges of development of Ukraine: investment and personnel aspect

In the conceptual and methodological sense, the article considers war as a force majeure factor, the action of which has multifaceted negative consequences in the form of increasing risks of physical destruction of human and material resources, deterioration of their quality parameters, in particular, the mental and physical state of health of the population. The magnitude and scope of the loss of national wealth as a result of the full-scale war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine deepened the previously formed contradictions and asymmetries of a diverse nature in the economic system of our country. Socio-economic consequences are manifested in large-scale emigration, the appearance of forcibly displaced persons, a shortage of qualified labor, an asymmetry between demand and its supply in the domestic labor market, and a decrease in the number of jobs. Restoration of life-supporting objects of national wealth is considered as an objective prerequisite for the existence and victory of our state in this war. The article substantiates the leading role of state regulation in recovery by using a set of forms and methods of centralized influence on its organization and planning, presents the principles of participation of international partners in it. In the context of the leading role of the regulatory influence of the state on the reconstruction processes of Ukraine, the need for a systematic approach to solving the tactical and strategic tasks of restoring the economic potential of our country is substantiated. When developing and choosing a model for its restoration, priority should be given to the economic interests of domestic investors, employers, and workers. It was determined that its implementation allows to ensure the achievement of multifaceted positive results in the reconstruction of the economy of Ukraine. Objectively necessary prerequisites for the latter are the management of modernization processes by representatives of Ukrainian entrepreneurship, whose activities are based on the principles and principles of corporate social responsibility of business. In the conditions of war, this involves ensuring the functioning and development of enterprises located in the territory controlled by our state, employment of forcibly displaced persons, improvement of their welfare, compliance with laws and payment of all taxes, establishment of public-private partnership between socially responsible business and state institutions. Investing in rebuilding the economic potential of Ukraine is considered an objective phenomenon that is under the influence of state regulatory levers, the use of which is aimed at creating a favorable investment climate in the country. The negative impact on its state due to the lack of effective taxation, imperfection of land legislation, irrationality of the banking system, the absence of a national state credit investment company functionally aimed at identifying investment priorities with their technical and economic justification, control over the provision of benefits, the annexation of Crimea, the occupation of parts of the eastern oblasts and the conduct of military operations there, shelling of populated areas, which increases the likelihood of investment risks.

Technology readiness and implications for higher education in Universities in North-Central Nigeria

The fourth industrial revolution emphasises classroom innovation with digital and smart technology. It examined students' preparation for technology-driven education in higher education and the fourth industrial revolution. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for this study. The population consisted of students from tertiary institutions, while the target population included university undergraduate and postgraduate students in universities in North-Central Nigeria. The sample comprised five hundred and seventy students across three types of institutions in Nigeria (i.e. private, state, and federal-owned institutions), drawn using proportionate and cluster sampling techniques. Data were collected using a researcher-designed and validated questionnaire with an overall reliability index of 0.86. The collected data were analysed descriptively, and non-parametric inferential statistics were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. Students were ready to use educational apps for studying, engage with immersive tech tools while learning, learn about IoT as part of their learning trajectories for 4IR compliance, embrace many technological innovations while learning, and engage in lifelong learning. Moderately technology-ready students had significant gender, age, institution, and degree of study demographics. Also, given the contemporary 4IR reality, pupils were somewhat ready for technology-enhanced education and positively inclined toward technology-driven abilities. Group dynamics are crucial to preparation. Therefore, it is recommended that students be given the opportunity to improve their technical abilities to prepare them for meaningful teaching and learning. This can be done by investing in technology, training students, and passing regulations that support worldwide competitive online learning.

Концептуальні рамки управління борговим фінансуванням публічних бюджетів

Introduction. Overcoming the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine caused the destruction of a stable system of managing financial flows not only in our country, but also in many states. Market and regulatory mechanisms for mobilization and the use of financial resources were undermined. Fiscal consolidation measures were changed in favor of expansion. The need to increase the resource base on the basis of state debt has intensified. The use of standardized approaches in the field of fiscal policy did not make it possible to limit risks under new conditions. The task of implementing new conceptual approaches to the management of public budget financing based on the use of debt instruments has arisen. Problem Statement. An increase in debt financing of public budgets helps to expand the volume of resources for the implementation of state plans. At the same time, the pressure on the financial system is growing, which requires making significant changes to the formation of the structure of debt instruments, their placement on domestic and foreign financial markets, attraction of resources on preferential terms from foreign partners, fulfillment of repayment and servicing obligations, refinancing and restructuring of loans. Determining rational management decisions on these issues involves the development of a conceptual framework for public debt financing. The purpose is to study the formation of a conceptual framework for managing debt financing of public budgets and their use in the practice of public administration. Methods. Research methods are used: historical, logical, abstraction, description, generalization, comparison, grouping, analysis and synthesis. Results. The adoption of the debt framework guides the definition of debt strategy, debt management goals, indicators of its volume and structure, debt management tasks, as well as mechanisms and tools for their implementation. The debt strategy reflects the orientation of the debt policy, the goals of public debt management for long and medium-term periods, its indicators, the use of tools and mechanisms for achieving the adopted goals, the formation of the debt portfolio for the specified terms, the classification of risks of government debt management taking into account their impact on the performance of state budget, the application of refinancing and restructuring mechanisms for state liabilities. Conclusions. The conceptual framework for managing debt financing of public budget is an important guiding document aimed at taking into account the conditions for placing debt obligations among investors (state institutions, non-state depositors, non-residents), access to international financial markets, cooperation with international organizations and financial institutions, acceptance of debt portfolio (the structure of state budget financing), built according to types of debt instruments, sources of financing, currencies of loan repayment and servicing, repayment terms, loan servicing rates and debt refinancing. The development and implementation of the conceptual framework for the management of public debt transactions is important for Ukraine. In the conditions of overcoming the consequences of the war and post-war reconstruction, it is necessary to apply a comprehensive approach to the formation, distribution and use of resources raised on the basis of the use of public debt instruments.

Features of endodontic treatment of teeth with curved root canals according to a survey of dentists

Purpose: to identify difficulties of endodontic treatment of teeth with curved root canals according to a survey of dentists. Materials and methods: 90 dentists (26 men, 64 women) participated in the survey. 68 people had a therapeutic certificate, 19 people had an orthopedic certificate, 10 people had a surgical certificate, 6 people had a certificate in pediatric dentistry, and 43 people had a certificate in general dentistry (some respondents indicated that they had several certificates). The average age of respondents is 32 years (23–60). The interviewed dentists conduct practical work in public medical institutions, private dental clinics, and rented offices. The questionnaire included 20 questions (6 questions were aimed at collecting demographic data, 14 questions were aimed at obtaining information about the treatment of teeth with curved root canals). The questionnaire was submitted electronically to Google Forms. Statistical analysis of conjugacy tables using the Pearson chi-square test was performed using the program StatTech (Russia). Results: this survey reliably showed that dentists often experience difficulties in treating teeth with curved root canals. Dentists working in state institutions are significantly more likely to note that the rubberdam latex interferes (p= 0.049) and the clamp bow (p= 0.029) compared to doctors working in other institutions. Dentists working in a rented office are significantly more likely to report that a rubberdam latex interferes (p= 0.024) compared to doctors working in other institutions. Dentists who report difficult access when working with the mesial buccal canal of the lower molars are significantly more likely to note that a rubberdam latex interferes (p= 0.036). Dentists who use the approach «first negotiation to the working length – then coronal flaring» significantly more often experience difficulties when working with the mesial buccal first canal of the upper molars. Conclusions: the results of the survey demonstrated a number of differences in the performance of endodontic treatment of teeth with curved root canals. Based on the survey, statistically significant relationships were identified between some work features and difficulties encountered by doctors at the stages of treatment.

Assessing nursing students’ e[formula omitted]health literacy and foresights to global health challenges during COVID[formula omitted]19 restrictions: A cross-sectional study with a machine learning approach

AimThis study aims to assess the e-health literacy and foresights to global health challenges of nursing students during the COVID19 restrictions. BackgroundAs the healthcare environment becomes more digitalized, understanding how nursing students perceive and prepare for global health challenges during the COVID19 restrictions and e-health literacy is crucial for customizing educational strategies to enhance their capabilities. DesignA descriptive and correlational study design was employed. MethodsThe study included 310 nursing students from six universities in Istanbul, Turkey, encompassing both state and foundation institutions. Data were collected via online surveys, including an Information Form, a Foresight Form for Global Health Challenges and an E−Health Literacy Scale. The study extended beyond conventional statistical analysis by incorporating a tree-based ML model, specifically a Random Forest classifier, to identify complex patterns and relationships affecting e−health literacy and global health perceptions. ResultsThe analysis indicated that e−health literacy levels among nursing students are significantly shaped by their academic year, participation in global health courses and engagement with international health organizations. ML techniques pinpointed the ability to discern high−quality online health resources as a pivotal skill, emphasizing the need for nursing curricula to focus on advanced critical evaluation skills. ConclusionsThe findings stress the necessity of integrating critical evaluation and information−seeking skills into nursing education to equip students for the complexities of a globalized health landscape.

Penguatan Kepastian Hukum Kewenangan Kejaksaan Sebagai Penyidik dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi Sidang Perkara Nomor 28/Puu-Xxi/2023

Corruption cases in Indonesia still really need attention considering that the consequences can be detrimental to the state and society. Handling the eradication of corruption is then carried out by several state institutions which are given direct authority by law, one of which is through the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Indonesia. Legal certainty of authority is very necessary to create harmony between government institutions and avoid overlapping authority. Furthermore, in writing this article, we used an approach method, namely an empirical method with descriptive analytical research specifications. The formulation of the problem raised in this article is regarding legal certainty in strengthening the prosecutor's office as an investigator in criminal acts of corruption. Furthermore, the purpose of this article is to analyze legal certainty or the legal standing of the authority of the prosecutor's office as an investigator in criminal acts of corruption. The authority of the Prosecutor's Office is contained in Article 30 paragraph (1) letter d of Law 5 of 1991 concerning the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Indonesia which was later declared invalid by Law 16 of 2004 in conjunction with Law Number 11 of 2021 concerning Amendments to Law Number 16 of 2004 concerning the Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Indonesia. Then in Article 26 of Law no. 19 of 2019 Second amendment to UU No. 31 of 1999 concerning Corruption Crimes.

“Air Laut Macam Daun Pandan” (The Sea is Like Pandan Leaf): Pulau Pinang Fishing Communities, Contested Development and “Anti-Politics”

This study identifies the developmental pathway that is taking place in the state of Pulau Pinang. The focus is on the responses of the ordinary people, namely fishing communities to the development pace of Pulau Pinang (island), the contestation on “developmental” discourses with the state (namely Pulau Pinang State Government, PSG), and the ways in which state institutions and communities construct the narrative of “development”. Through participant observation in the field sites with the fishing community and secondary resources analysis, the article showcases the contested meaning of “development”. The research findings are on the one hand by the PSG, which is underpinned by neoliberal economic principles, on the other hand, by the communities at large, which is multifaceted in nature.

Development of an analytical model for assessing the risks of financial and economic activities of State (municipal) institutions based on the pairwise comparison method

Subject. The article considers developing an analytical model to assess the risks of financial and economic activities of State (municipal) institutions. Objectives. The aim is to devise a comprehensive analytical model for assessing the risks of financial and economic activities of State (municipal) institutions, taking into account their specific activities, and assess these risks. Methods. The study employs general and specific scientific methods of cognition (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, grouping, comparison, expert assessment, mathematical methods, like the method of analyzing hierarchies, etc.). Results. I designed an analytical (mathematical) model of integral indicator for risk assessment in State (municipal) institutions’ financial and economic activities, offered a scale used to assess such risks. The proposed mathematical model was tested in several State institutions, with the presentation of results. Conclusions. The development of software using intelligent technologies based on the analytical model of integral indicator will enable to more quickly and effectively assess the risks of financial and economic activities of a State (municipal) institution, and track the dynamics of risk changes.

Parenting styles as predictors to female students’ sexual promiscuity in tertiary institution in delta state

This study investigated the relationship between parenting styles and female students’ sexual promiscuity in tertiary institutions in Delta State. The study was led by two research questions and two hypotheses. The study used an ex-post facto research design with a correlational technique. The population comprised all female students of tertiary institutions in Delta Central Senatorial District with a total sample of 1,566 students. Questionnaire was used as instrument of data collection. The questionnaire was validated by experts’ judgement and factor analysis, with a sound psychometric property indicating that the instrument is valid and reliable. The data obtained were analysed with the aid of regression statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed a significant relationship between parenting styles and sexual promiscuity and that the relationship can be moderated by socio-economic status of parents. The study recommended amongst others that Parents should improve on their relationship with their adolescents and choose the right parenting style that will help the adolescents to abstain from risky sexual behaviour.

Electoral Behavior of Russian Youth of the Digital Generation

The article is devoted to the analysis of the electoral behavior of Russian youth of the digital generation (aged 18–24 years). The empirical basis of the study was made up of data from an interregional youth survey conducted by the authors in 2023, as well as data from a WCIOM study in 2024. The relatively low level of their participation in the electoral process and in general in socio-political activities is considered as a feature of the electoral behavior of young people of the digital generation. At the same time, a steady trend towards a decrease in youth absenteeism has been identified, which is manifested in the formation of an intermediate group of young people with a more positive attitude towards elections. Subject to comprehensive constructive actions on the part of the state and civil society institutions, this group can be included in the electoral process. The study showed that young people of the digital generation are quite well informed about the possibility of online voting, although the vast majority of young people aged 18–25 years do not have practical experience in participating in remote electronic voting. For young people who ignore the institution of elections, the form of voting is not significant. A tendency has been discovered towards a decrease in the electoral activity of girls of the digital generation, who are inferior to young men in other indicators of socio-political activity.

STATE POLICY ON THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL INTERESTS OF UKRAINE IN THE INTERNET ENVIRONMENT

The article deals with the problem of protecting Ukraine’s national interests in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The Internet is seen as a space for free expression of opinions, but often turns into a battlefield in the information war. The article analyses the processes of informatisation of society and the increase in the number of Internet users. The impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the leading Internet providers and their political position is analysed. Today, Ukraine enjoys great support from leading campaigns in this area, but the aggressor country is heavily funding war propaganda. Attention is drawn to the results of statistics on cyberattacks on state institutions and the public by the Russian Federation. It is emphasised that today state institutions, business and society in Ukraine have united to counteract the negative information influence of Russia. The structure of Ukraine’s national interests, priorities and directions of their protection are defined. Attention is focused on the fact that the Russian Federation attracts teenagers to extremist and radical activities on the Internet. This additionally threatens the national interests of Ukraine. Prevention of extremism is based on raising the legal, political and general culture of citizens, and shaping a positive image of the state. Therefore, it is justified to take effective measures to develop a powerful ideological corpus, a national idea and to adhere to the state’s strategy for European integration. It is important to establish systematic training of specialists in the field of protecting national interests in the Internet space, enhancing the preventive role of the media and institutional support for analytical, educational, propaganda and information work. The author proposes to develop a powerful system of countering manipulations on the Internet, which will include technological developments, methodology, ideological component, legal and educational measures. The author substantiates the necessity of Ukraine’s integration into the global and regional European information space; integration into international information and telecommunication systems and organisations; modernisation and certain changes in the information policy; improvement of legislation on harmonisation of national legislation with international standards; introduction of modern information and communication technologies into public administration processes, etc.

STATE POLICY AS A FORM OF TARGETED STATE ACTIVITY

The article examines state policy as an organized and purposeful activity of the state, which provides for the protection of public interests, ensures the adoption of balanced and justified state decisions, and contributes to the stable development of Ukrainian society. Issues of state policy formation in the system of planning and implementation of development plans of modern society are considered. It was determined that with the transition from bureaucratic forms to innovative methods of managing the state and society, state policy acquires certain signs of publicity, due to the involvement of both state and non-state public organizations in its implementation. It has been proven that the European integration of Ukraine is accompanied by changes in state policy, which is based on European values ​​and standards for the formation of a legal, social and democratic state. Therefore, it is better to use the term «public policy», as active purposeful actions of the state based on the cooperation of state institutions, civil society institutions, as well as non-state organizations and individual citizens. It is noted that the participatory theory of democracy should become a universal principle of organizing the public policy of the Ukrainian state. Because the basis of the effective functioning of participatory democracy is a developed civil society, as well as public trust in the activities of state and public institutions, that is, citizens' confidence in the correctness of the actions of public authorities to implement the goals announced by the state. It is substantiated that modern state (public) policy, firstly, is designed to ensure public expression of will, expression of interests and needs of the population and their practical implementation at the level of power institutions; secondly, it should be based on the principles of: openness, transparency and democracy; thirdly, in the process of development and implementation of political decisions, civil society institutions should be involved in this work. The specific characteristics of state policy as an active activity are singled out, which distinguish it from a whole array of other types of policies. In further studies, it is suggested to pay attention to the normative and legal regulation of state policy.

CHALLENGES TO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNAL MIGRATION IN UKRAINE

The article addresses the challenges faced by public administration in managing internal migration in Ukraine, driven by large-scale population movements due to the Russian-Ukrainian war, and the necessity of maintaining the stability of state institutions amidst social, economic, and demographic shifts. The purpose of the article is to identify the primary challenges confronting public administration in the context of internal migration and propose strategies to address them. To achieve this, the study employs an integrated approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The article identifies the causes of internal migration and the key factors contributing to internal displacement: armed conflict, economic hardships, and social and environmental issues. It analyzes the main challenges to public administration in this context, including organizational difficulties, coordination problems between different levels of government, a lack of resources for effectively managing migration processes, and socio-economic challenges. It is demonstrated that there is insufficient infrastructure to provide housing, employment, and social services for internally displaced persons (IDPs), along with inadequate funding for support programs, and difficulties in integrating IDPs into new communities and fostering interaction with the local population. The article reviews state policy on internal migration, evaluates existing programs and strategies, assesses the effectiveness of current state initiatives, and highlights the barriers to implementing effective IDP policies, such as underfunding and lack of coordination. The author proposes solutions to enhance coordination and management, develop a unified migration management system, engage local communities in addressing IDP issues, increase funding and resources, expand state support programs, attract international assistance to tackle internal migration challenges, and implement legal reforms. Recommendations for improving migration management are also provided to overcome these challenges.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION UNDER MILITARY THREATS: UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE OF ADAPTING TO CRISIS SITUATIONS

The article examines the Ukrainian experience of public administration under conditions of military threat as of 2022-2024. The key challenges faced by Ukraine during the full-scale war are analyzed, including the destruction of critical infrastructure and the need to ensure uninterrupted provision of public services. Special attention is paid to the digitization of public administration, which played a decisive role in maintaining the stability of state institutions. The role of the «Action» platform and other innovative solutions that enabled interaction between citizens and the government in crisis conditions is described. The impact of decentralization on the ability of local authorities to respond to the challenges of war has been studied. The interaction with international partners within the framework of the SIGMA program, which is aimed at providing support in the reform of public administration with a course towards European integration, is characterized. A comparative analysis of the Ukrainian experience with other European countries that faced large-scale crises was carried out, and unique aspects of the Ukrainian model of adaptation were revealed. The article analyzes strategies for the restoration and modernization of the state administration of Ukraine in crisis conditions. Attention is focused on the interaction between the state and corporate sectors to maintain economic activity even in conditions of active hostilities. The role of business relocation to safer regions and the influence of state support on the stabilization of the labor market and the economy are outlined. Programs aimed at restoring infrastructure and vital services in cooperation with international partners are mentioned. The experience of implementing temporary solutions to ensure the basic needs of the population is described. It examines the impact of international aid and financial support through IMF and World Bank programs that helped maintain budget stability and avoid economic collapse. The perspectives of public administration during Ukraine's integration into European structures and further strengthening of public administration are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the prospects for the development of public administration in the post-war period, the solution of socio-economic problems, the restoration of infrastructure and the attraction of investments. Strategic directions for reforming public administration for the future are proposed, taking into account the experience of the war and cooperation with international institutions.

Evaluating Institutional Success: Regional Water Agreements with Tribal Nations

Abstract Since the early 1900s, U.S. national, tribal, and state institutions have been addressing conflicts over water entitlements of Native American tribes. The resulting regional water agreements encompass ensuring tribal access to water, defining entitlements for reliable future access, and providing environmental and financial benefits. Identifying approaches to evaluating institutional success in these regional water agreements is useful for effectively addressing current and future water disputes. This article discusses characteristics of eight water agreements that have occurred in the Southwestern United States, applying five economic criteria to evaluate success. The evaluation suggests that newer agreements perform better on the economic criteria, implying that learning about effective agreements is occurring over time. As threats to water quality and quantity intensify worldwide, understanding what contributes to successful regional water agreements becomes increasingly urgent.

Institutional and Regulatory Compliance Gaps in Natural Resource Governance: Empirical Evidence and Lessons from the Nigeria Oil and Gas Industry

Institutional governance has traditionally been frequently undermined by developing countries, but this behaviour has immensely impacted economic growth and development outcome with long term implications. More fundamentally, the Nigeria oil and gas industry governance are beset with various challenges including regulatory compliance, monitoring capacity, enforcement mechanism, politics and very frequently plagued with blame games. Consequently, the study conducted primary and secondary data to problematized gaps in institutional governance from the standpoint of development discourse to establish a convergence of evidences within the context of the quality of state institutions that unarguably reflects the Nigeria scenario. Institutional and regulatory compliance gaps permeate the gamut of the oil and gas industry so resolutely in the global South like Nigeria, orchestrated by the political elites who are so perverse, rent seeking, inept and greed driven with no clear sense of patriotism compare to the global North like Norway that is more effective and nationalistic. The findings of the study highlight weaknesses in policy framework, corrupt practices, poor contract management, compromised professional integrity, inadequate funding, poor contract management and systemic gap in revenue management as a consequence of gaps in natural resources governance in the oil and gas industry in Nigeria. It explains this on the basis of existing mechanisms and empirical evidences. These evidently exemplify that Nigeria has struggled for several decades from lethargic institutional and regulatory compliance capacity as the presence of oil and gas does not translate or appear to systematically support development outcome in many developing countries.

Decolonisation of education through citizen science: Slow science, not slow violence. The case study Diamonds on the Soles of Their Feet

Citizen science projects are vulnerable to top-down directivity, and driven by assumptions of one-directional ambitions with regard to capacity building and knowledge production. Through the story of Ruth, we discuss how deep-seated legacies of inequality influence the politics of knowledge and explore what we, involved in citizen science projects, could learn from the politics of knowledge as it emerges from decolonisation struggles-particularly as manifested within the academy. Most universities are orientated around Western knowledge regimes that mute many other ways of knowing and ordering the world. Significant inroads have been made when writing on decolonising education but less is known about the effects of the colonisation of state institutions and the disturbances, interferences, and disruptions to organising, sharing, and creating knowledge in public spheres outside of these same universities. These disturbances affect the personal and collective histories of people so that when they are part of research linked to the university, their everyday lives become enmeshed with institutional hegemonies. Research is not dissociated from its deeply entrenched colonial roots. If decolonisation means going deeper into the legitimacy of knowledge and who and how this is being defined, then this must include the process of producing that knowledge outside the bastions of power.