Institutional Renewal Research Articles

Normative Localization and Institutional Renewal of Dual-class Stock Structures in Mainland China

Normative Localization and Institutional Renewal of Dual-class Stock Structures in Mainland China

Managing the Discontent of the Losers Redux: A Future of Authoritarian Neoliberalism or Social Capitalism?

ABSTRACT: Neoliberalism eviscerated the value-sharing ethos of the postwar golden age (1945–1973), seeking to maintain social cohesion in civil society by "managing the discontent of the losers": reconciling working households to the realities of the neoliberal labor market by means of coercion, distraction, and debt accumulation (the last serving to limit the growth of consumption inequality in the face of burgeoning income inequality). The global financial crisis undermined the process of household debt accumulation, creating a crisis of neoliberal accumulation. Key to the institutional renewal required to address this crisis is managing the discontent of the losers inherited from the neoliberal era. One possibility is authoritarian neoliberalism, which involves amplification of the "coerce and distract" elements inherited from the previous regime. The alternative is social capitalism: a renewal of social democracy that eliminates the discontent of the losers and so reduces both the need and desire for illiberalism.

From Frustration to Institutionalization: Rapid Institutional Renewal and Emergent Intermediaries

From Frustration to Institutionalization: Rapid Institutional Renewal and Emergent Intermediaries

Reimagining the Requirements for Civil Servants: Harnessing Creativity for Social Impact and Institutional Renewal in Public Law

This article analyzes some changes in current legislation regarding the stipulation of requirements for state civil servants, particularly in response to extraordinary circumstances. This article seeks to identify emerging trends in revitalizing public law institutions and assesses the importance of creativity in shaping the personal and professional potential of civil servants. The author underscores the critical role of creative abilities within the public administration system, highlighting their impact on the effectiveness of achieving management objectives. However, creativity in public law should not be perceived as unlimited freedom of action; rather, it must be exercised within the confines of established rules and procedures. Thus, a delicate balance between creativity and legal compliance is required.

Dynamics of Islamic Education Institution Development Program in Facing the Era of Globalization Studies at the Darul Muta`allimin Islamic Boarding School in Tanah Merah Aceh Singkil

The purpose of this study is to discuss the dynamics of the Islamic education institution development program in the face of the globalization era at the Darul Muta`allimin Tanah Merah Aceh Singkil Islamic Boarding School, the research method used is qualitative, the results of this study are: a). Classification of the education system at the Darul Muta`allimin Tanah Merah Aceh Singkil Islamic Boarding School has various educational units classified by researchers into four types of systems, namely (1) the Islamic boarding school education system (recitations using classical books), (2) the Islamic boarding school education system public school education (Darmut Middle School and Darmut MA), (3) madrasah education system (Diniah Darmut Madrasah), (4) life skills or organizational education system (Scout, PMR, Calligraphy, Hadrah etc). b). Islamic boarding schools have educational units that include the national curriculum, as well as mental stabilization of the students to face this era of increasingly rapid globalization by holding organizational activities such as scouts and PMR to add to the social sense of the students. c). Pondok Pesantren Darul Muta`allimin Tanah Merah Aceh Singkil has two forms of dynamics in its education system, namely physical and non-physical, for physical forms such as building construction and equipping facilities for education and for non-physical forms, namely institutional renewal and curriculum renewal (from only using the form of a book recitation system in general to using the government curriculum or there are class gaps in formal and non-formal schools). as well as the mental stabilization of the students to face this increasingly rapid era of globalization by holding organizational activities such as scouts and PMR to add to the social sense of the students. c). Pondok Pesantren Darul Muta`allimin Tanah Merah Aceh Singkil has two forms of dynamics in its education system, namely physical and non-physical, for physical forms such as building construction and equipping facilities for education and for non-physical forms, namely institutional renewal and curriculum renewal (from only using the form of a book recitation system in general to using the government curriculum or there are class gaps in formal and non-formal schools). as well as the mental stabilization of the students to face this increasingly rapid era of globalization by holding organizational activities such as scouts and PMR to add to the social sense of the students. c). Pondok Pesantren Darul Muta`allimin Tanah Merah Aceh Singkil has two forms of dynamics in its education system, namely physical and non-physical, for physical forms such as building construction and equipping facilities for education and for non-physical forms, namely institutional renewal and curriculum renewal (from only using the form of a book recitation system in general to using the government curriculum or there are class gaps in formal and non-formal schools).

The historic failure of the EU and nationalism in the Covid 19 pandemic

Analysis of per capita death rate figures from officially recorded deaths and credible estimates of excess deaths until late 2021 shows that almost all countries in the European Union (EU) performed poorly during the first two years of the Covid 19 pandemic. This historic failure is linked to previous processes of disintegration, including the impact of prolonged austerity policies on the capacity of public health systems. Forms of nationalism that have obstructed European cooperation during the pandemic are examined, together with low levels of public satisfaction with the EU’s response in core countries. A deeper cause of the EU’s pandemic failure was its inability to achieve significant institutional renewal. One consequence of this failure has been to reveal the EU’s weak normative power and declining global influence, shown by its inability to supply Covid vaccines to associated countries, and by its reluctance to lead a prompt, effective global vaccination effort.

Women and adaptive capacity to climate change in East African seascapes – Zanzibar as an example

As the climate crisis persists, there is a crucial need to increase knowledge on adaptive capacity and the underlying factors building it. This is particularly important for disadvantaged groups, such as coastal women in East Africa. Women’s livelihoods in these seascapes are and will be more severely affected by climate change and the capacity of East African states to deal with these challenges is limited in terms of financial and human capital. In this research, we investigated the underlying factors building the adaptive capacity of coastal women in Zanzibar (Unguja Island), Tanzania. Coastal women (N=117) were interviewed in villages around the island to gather information about potential factors supporting adaptive capacity. This was analysed applying Cinner et al (2018) five domains typology for adaptive capacity, i.e. assets, flexibility, organizations, learning and agency. The results show that women had relatively low adaptive capacity, extended poverty and very high dependence on seaweed farming of red algae, a livelihood providing low income and already being seriously affected by climate variability and change. Women’s observations of key variables related to environmental changes corresponded to most scientific findings. It was, however, unclear how that knowledge is useful and enhances adaptive capacity. Adaptive capacity was generally low but individual differences were found in which ten women had a high income. The results show that the factors underlying adaptive capacity are complex and interact with each other, being positive, negative and unclear. Many of the identified factors deserve future research. This study adds to the pool of knowledge by addressing women (not only men); coastal ecosystems (as land and freshwater systems are more studied) and the individual level (since most studies focus on national and community levels). The study illustrates that institutional renewal, bridging and cooperation is possible in Zanzibar bringing good news to the region.

Reconceptualising Work and Employment in Complex Productive Configurations.

Increasingly, work and employment take place within network firms, value chains, and other organisational forms extending control beyond the firm's legal boundaries. This article proposes a model rooted in sociological concepts (work organisation, control, and risk) to analyse how social relations of work and employment are structured, and how inequalities are manufactured, in these organisational forms. First, we change the level of analysis, moving from firm to productive configuration. Second, we propose the notion of social labour relations, to grasp the relationship between workers and any entity likely to control their conditions of work and employment. Social labour relations articulates five dimensions that could be used to compare groups of workers who are participating in the same configuration. Third, we analyse how control is exercised by which entity/entities and over which social labour relation dimension. Such an understanding is essential to provide avenues for institutional renewal: namely to reconnect control and responsibility.

Formation of the identity of a modern university in the logic of the neo-institutional concept of D. Nort

Introduction. The change in the general concept of university development in Russia in the context of the University 3.0 model allowed us to consider the university as an independent economic agent on the market. This allowed to apply neo-institutional approach of Douglass C. North.Purpose setting. The process of shaping a new identity of higher education is determined by the ongoing institutional renewal. The article is devoted to identifying and analyzing the conditions that determine the formation of a new university identity in the logic of D. North’s neo-institutional concept.Methodology of the study. The appeal to the neo-institutional approach arose in connection with the need to trace and assess the changes that have occurred and will occur to the university in the context of interaction with society, government and business, as well as to identify the set of conditions that will contribute to the formation of a new identity of the university. The concepts of formal and informal constraints, which determine the possible institutional changes, were considered as methodological concepts of D. North’s theory.Results. An important condition for the functioning of an institution is a set of formal and informal attitudes, to which we respectively refer laws/codes, on the one hand, traditions and customs on the other. These concepts are closely related to the concepts of ideology and the market, which also influence changes in the system of restrictions. According to D. North, institutional changes are possible when formal and informal frameworks are updated. The article shows that with formal changes brought from above, the image of classical university as a social institution is still preserved, the market is also not ready to perceive the university as an independent economic agent, as one of the stakeholders of entrepreneurial and innovative activity.Conclusions. The problem of contradiction between the preferences of subjects of educational, entrepreneurial and innovative activity becomes obvious. Serious restraining factors are the absence of regulatory framework explaining the mechanism of interaction between private business and the state, the preservation of the image of a classical university, the lack of coherence and consistency of institutional changes.

Beyond tokenism and objectivity: theoretical reflections on a transformative equity, diversity, and inclusion agenda for higher education in Canada.

Universities, the sites for objective knowledge, apolitical and legitimized to contribute to human and intellectual capacity, find themselves in a tenuous position on issues of merit, equality, and fairness. On one hand, social forces have demonstrated how universities have been institutions for the production and reproduction of systemic inequality. On the other hand, universities maintain that they are well positioned, as part of their institutional renewal practices, to address contemporary calls for Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI). Since universities are now eager to embrace EDI principles, it is appropriate to demonstrate their historical failures and provide some recommendations towards institutional renewal. Drawing on critical pedagogy, the paper examines selected academic contributions and knowledge claims that have reproduced systemic inequality, specifically on the discourse on human classification. The broader question is whether universities are simply going through the motions and hope EDI is a fad or are serious about institutional renewal and transformative changes. The study offers some ideas on how universities can pursue transformative changes grounded on EDI principles.

New «Old» Institutionalisation of Money Circulation in Post-Soviet Russia

For the study of the institutionalization of money circulation in post-Soviet Russia, an institutional-evolutionary approach was used, based on the ideas of Thorstein B. Veblen and Joseph A. Schumpeter, as well as John R. Commons. The object of the analysis was the institutional structures of money circulation, which are the most significant from the public interest point of view. The paper compares the results of the institutionalisation of money circulation in the USSR and post-Soviet Russia. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of transitional periods. In transitional periods there was a rejection, filtration, and correction of institutional forms of money circulation in terms of their compliance with public goals to develop the country's socio-economic system. The following features of the institutional design of the Soviet model are identified: first, the presence of a single-link, a hierarchical, centralized banking system with the concentration of the entire payment turnover system in the State Bank of the USSR; second, the existence of a "three-circuit system" of money turnover with cash for servicing the turnover of consumer goods, non-cash money for industrial consumption (investment) and convertible rubles for international export-import payments; third, the division of money turnover was supported by the creation of special banking institutions for servicing each of them, controlled by the State Bank of the USSR - the "State Labour Savings Banks", "Stroybank" and "Vneshtorgbank", respectively; fourth, the institutions of money circulation were an internal element of the system of the planned national economy of the USSR and were organically integrated into it. The institutionalisation of money circulation in post-Soviet Russia is characterized by the presence of new (albeit previously represented in the history of our country) institutions and has the following features: first, a two-tier banking system, the upper level of which is represented by the Central Bank of Russia, and the lower level is represented by banks and non-banking credit institutions; second, organizations of various forms of ownership operate in the sphere of money circulation, while state forms of ownership are playing an increasingly significant role; third, there is a stock exchange where stocks, bonds, currencies and other instruments of the money market are traded. The official exchange rate set by the Central Bank of Russia is based on stock quotes; fourth, the Federal Treasury operates to mediate the movement of budgetary funds. An additional element of control over their use is the introduction of "treasury accounts", to which budget funds are transferred and from where they are used for the implementation of state development programs. As a result, one can see that the process of institutional renewal of money circulation in post-Soviet Russia is associated with the return to a number of institutions characteristic of pre-revolutionary and Soviet history. Therefore we can talk about a new "old" institutionalisation of money circulation in post-Soviet Russia. The main vector of changes in recent years is associated with the increasing recognition of the social significance of this sphere, serving the public interest. A forecast has been made that state control over the processes of money circulation in modern Russia is likely to increase.

Burning Down the House: COVID‐19 and Institutions

Burning Down the House: COVID‐19 and Institutions

THE HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION: AN ARCHIVAL EVOLUTION

The creation of the Royal Historical Manuscripts Commission formed part of a wider movement of institutional renewal and reform in mid-Victorian Britain, including growing professionalisation of both public administration and the academic study of history, particularly from the 1850s. Two features of the commission’s work continued to influence its development and The National Archives’ engagement with the archives sector today: first, the need to respect the legitimate rights and interests of both individuals and organisations, and second, the relationships by necessity based on collaboration with many partners. This has led to the evolution of a distinctive British mixed economy embracing public and private archives. This article considers the Commission’s evolution from surveying and publishing reports on the contents and locations of private collections to becoming the central advisory body on all issues related to archives and manuscripts not covered by the 1958 Public Records Act. The social and technological changes over this time have had a profound influence on the commission’s professional practices. In addition, the range and rights of stakeholders have evolved, presenting new challenges. Meeting all the demands and possibilities of the commission’s delivery needs to be seen in the context of frequently operating with significant resource constraints.

Origen’s Story: Heresy, Book Production, and Monastic Reform at Saint-Laurent de Liège

Origen’s Story: Heresy, Book Production, and Monastic Reform at Saint-Laurent de Liège

Water Wars in Detroit: Custodianship and the Work of Institutional Renewal

We examine the role of custodianship in the renewal of the institution of public water services in Detroit, Michigan. Our longitudinal qualitative study begins prior to the 33,000 household water s...

Prototipando las instituciones del futuro: el caso de los laboratorios de innovación ciudadana (Labic)

La crisis de confianza en las instituciones ha llevado a estas a buscar nuevos canales que conecten con la ciudadanía. Los laboratorios ciudadanos son, posiblemente, la respuesta más innovadora que ha surgido para crear vínculos y construir una agenda alternativa de desarrollo, impulsando nuevos procesos participativos en el marco de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS). Este artículo se centra en un caso concreto, en el de los laboratorios de innovación ciudadana (Labic) de la Secretaría General Iberoamericana, con el objetivo de extraer claves de acción para la renovación institucional. El análisis de su experiencia nos deja cuatro aprendizajes principales: a) experimentar soluciones mediante lógicas de prototipado y ensayo-error; b) transformación sistémica y simultánea en tres planos (ciudadano, institucional y de la cooperación); c) termómetro social de doble funcionalidad, tanto de los problemas como de las soluciones planteadas por comunidades y ciudadanía, y d) trabajar la institución como un sistema orgánico, en continua evolución.

Varieties of institutional renewal: the case of apprenticeship in the US, England, and Australia

ABSTRACT This study analyses attempts to renew apprenticeship over the last three decades in three liberal market economies – US, England and Australia. We conceptualise institutional renewal as entailing both revival, or growth in apprentice starts, and extension, or widening its occupational base. The paper contributes to the literature by considering reasons for the attempted renewal and offering an assessment of the outcomes of renewal. It also contributes to research at the intersection of institutional and comparative training literature by developing the concept of institutional renewal and applying it to apprenticeship. It is concluded that in quantitative terms renewal had some success in England and Australia, but the effect of intervention is more uncertain in the US. The paper also identifies a paradox that policies to promote apprenticeships have undermined the quality of training in England and Australia, leading to questions about the sustainability of renewal.

Labor relations, Catholic Church and rights in the sugarcane zone of Pernambuco: organization and mobilization of rural workers in the military regime

This paper aims at discussing the relationship between mobilizations of rural workers and the Catholic Church in the sugarcane zone of Pernambuco. The period covered spans from the beginning of the Church's interest in the rural areas relations, with the institutional renewal promoted by the Second Vatican Council and the Medellin Conference, to the repression of the institution by the military regime with the monitoring and persecution of members of the Church in defense of justice, dignity and rights of civil society, especially of the workers in Brazil. In order to carry out this analysis, we begin from the historiographical discussion and the crossing of sources provided by the Church, by means of communication and by the Information Services of the 1964 authoritarian regime.

Context of Scientific and Institutional Renewal in Islamic Higher Education (PTKI): A Study on Azyumardi Azra’s Thought 1998-2015

Azyumardi Azra’s Thought 1998-2015. The practice of modernization of Islamic education has been demonstrated by Azyumardi Azra at State Islamic University (UIN) of Jakarta. The type of the research used is the study of thinking figures, which is called a research figure or an individual life history. This type of the research is classified as qualitative research. The focus of this research is to identify Azra’s thoughts in the context of intellectual thinking and institutional perspective in renewing Islamic thoughts in Indonesia. This study uses primary and secondary data sources. The primary data source is a character that became the object of research, because the character is still alive, and then the primary data source in this study is Azyumardi Azra and his work. The other complement data is taken from books, papers, and journals. The result of the research indicated that the context of intellectual thinking and institutional perspectives of Azra in the renewal of Islamic thoughts in Indonesia has the same mission, namely to eliminate the scientific dichotomy in the development of PTKI. A scientific development with integrative paradigm requires an institutional transformation of State Islamic Collage (STAIN) or State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) into State Islamic Universiy (UIN).

The Institutional Renewal in Settlement of Disputes of Local Election Results

Abstract. Since the first step of local election in 2015, the authority of adjudicating a dispute of local election’s result has been run by The Constitutional Court (MK) until a special judicial board before the national election held. An ideal design of the institutional renewal to adjudicate a controversy of local election’s result, could be a part of judicial environment under The Supreme Court (MA) supervision, or may becomes a new institution or replaces another institution by attaching to the authorized institution, named: Bawaslu, PT TUN or MK. Bawaslu was become the one of the institution which fulfills the requirements. Started from a legislative election on 2014, Bawaslu has an authority of resolving a dispute among the candidates of general election or between the candidates and the committee. And since the national election in the year 2017, Bawaslu has given the authorization to settle up an administrative violation, a conflict of local election and to handle a money politics through TSM. The authority of the dispute court of election results is proposed not only on the controversy over the calculation result, but also including unreachable legal phenomenon with law enforcement on criminal system and stage of election dispute, as an inseparable part.Keywords: institutional renewal, dispute result, national election.Abstrak. Sejak pemilihan serentak tahap pertama tahun 2015, wewenang mengadili sengketa hasil pemilukada dijalankan Mahkamah Konstitusi sampai dibentuk badan peradilan khusus sebelum pelaksanaan pemilihan serentak nasional. Disain pembaharuan kelembagaan yang ideal untuk mengadili sengketa hasil pemilukada serentak, dapat menjadi bagian dari lingkungan peradilan dibawah Mahkamah Agung, dapat pula menjadi lembaga baru ataupun mereposisi lembaga dengan cara melekatkan pada lembaga yang saat ini berwenang menyelesaikan sengketa pemilihan, yakni : Bawaslu, PT TUN atau MK. Bawaslu menjadi salah satu pilihan lembaga yang memenuhi persyaratan. Sejak Pemilu Legislatif 2014, Bawaslu berwenang menyelesaikan sengketa antarpeserta pemilu maupun antara peserta dengan penyelenggara, dan sejak Pemilukada Serentak 2017, bahkan diberi wewenang memutuskan pelanggaran administrasi, sengketa pemilukada sampai penanganan politik uang (money politics) secara TSM. Kewenangan peradilan sengketa hasil pemilihan diusulkan tidak hanya atas perselisihan atas hasil perhitungan, tetapi memasukkan peristiwa hukum yang tidak terjangkau dengan penegakan hukum dalam sistem pidana dan tahap sengketa pemilihan, sebagai bagian yang tidak terpisahkan. Kata kunci : pembaharuan kelembagaan, sengketa hasil, pemilukada serentak