Local Government Institutions Research Articles

The Influence of Discipline and Work Ethics, as well as Work Environment, on Employee Performance through Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable among Employees of the East Kutai Regional House of Representatives

This study aims to analyze the impact of work discipline, work ethics, and work environment on job satisfaction, as well as their effect on employee performance among employees of the East Kutai Regency DPRD. The research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive format, utilizing a saturated sampling technique on a population of 101 employees. Data were collected through fieldwork research and library research. The findings reveal that work discipline has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction, while work ethics shows a positive but insignificant effect. The work environment significantly enhances job satisfaction. Additionally, job satisfaction significantly influences performance, as do work discipline, work ethics, and work environment. Notably, work discipline positively impacts performance through job satisfaction, while work ethics has a positive but insignificant effect through job satisfaction. The study's limitations include the relatively small sample size and focus on a specific population, which may limit the generalizability of the results to broader contexts. Organizations should focus on improving work discipline and the work environment to enhance job satisfaction, ultimately boosting employee performance. This research contributes to understanding the relationships between work discipline, work ethics, work environment, job satisfaction, and employee performance, particularly within the context of local government institutions in Indonesia.

Diversity and ethnobotanical study of homegarden plants in Goba district, Oromia region, Ethiopia

Homegardens are one of the most diverse agroforestry systems and make a vital contribution to meeting various household needs, especially for smallholder farmers in developing countries. The aim of this study was to record the diversity and use of homegarden plant species in the Goba District. The households were randomly selected from five kebeles, with the number selected proportionate to the size of each kebele using the probability proportional to size (PPS) calculation. Seventy-one homegarden owners were chosen for the detailed study and data collection. Of the fifteen kebeles in the Goba District, five kebeles were chosen at random. Observations, semi-structured interviews, preference rating, direct matrix rankings, and paired comparisons were the methods used to gather ethno-botanical data. Descriptive statistical approaches, including density, frequency, relative frequency, relative density, and the Shannon and Wiener indices for species diversity were used to analyze the data. A total of 67 plant species belonging to 31 families were identified. Of the 67 plant species, 36 (or 54%) were herbs, 15 (or 22%) were tree species, 22% shrubs, and 2% were climbers. Twenty-eight (20.8%) species collected from homegardens had food and forage value, 17 (25.3%) had fence value, 12 (18%) had shade value, and 23 (34.3%) had medicinal value; moreover, 90% of the homes had home gardens, indicating that farmers value gardening plants that helps improve household food security and revenue generation. The involvement of the local population and government institutions in providing awareness through instruction or training on the sustainable use and management of plant resources is vital to conserve homegarden plants.

Examining the Utilisation of Pascal’s Triangle for Community Development and Allocation of Resources in Eastern Uganda

Challenges ranging from resource scarcity to social deprivation and environmental concerns confront the East Region of Uganda. Let’s focus on Pascal’s Triangle as a conceptual model to deal with the problems of unjust resource distribution among communities. This model, which is a triangular arrangement of numbers, affords an opportunity to gain useful insights into community interactions and the process of resource distribution. Understanding Pascal’s triangle’s mathematical nature is a key driving force behind realistic and feasible resource allocation methods and community development approaches. Equal resource distribution methods, clear resource allocation mechanisms, community involvement, and multi-level cooperation are essential for promoting fairness and resilience. East Ugandan communities celebrate diversity as a resource for social cohesion, creativity, and resilience. Collaboration and unity are keys to getting over the difficulties and achieving great heights. It creates resilience and sustainability through community-based organisations, cooperative ventures, and participatory decision-making processes. When involved in solving complex problems, education serves as a key tool for empowering individuals and communities. Participatory decision-making creates a degree of transparency and representativeness in resource allocation. Merging community building and resource deployment with SDGs ensures sustainability and durability. Policies and programmes that address gender issues and encourage community participation are the keys to improving inclusivity. This review article examines Community Building and Resource Allocation: Learning from the Pascal Triangle in Eastern Uganda: Insights. We used data from the last decade (2014–2024) available from many reliable data sources. The findings advocate for community participation in decision-making, the implementation of policies that promote gender equality and social inclusion, collaboration among stakeholders, and the prioritization of education and capacity building, in addition to the integration of Sustainable Development Goals into community development plans and the strengthening of local governance institutions for equitable resource distribution. To solve complicated issues in the east of Uganda, it’s imperative to put more emphasis on equal resource allocation, community mobilisation, and social integration. Apply the insights from Pascal’s Triangle to foster communities that are adaptable, inclusive, and stable. Keywords: Community Building, Resource Allocation, Pascal’s Triangle, East Uganda, Resilience, Sustainable Development Goals

Некоторые особенности документирования финансовой деятельности учреждений власти и самоуправления Нальчикского округа в начале ХХ века

The article focuses on studying some features of documenting the financial activities of govern-ment and self-government institutions of the Nalchik district in the early twentieth century. The paper considers the records of government and local government institutions that were entrusted with financial functions (district and district boards, Treasuries, including Nalchik, Stavropol Treasury Chamber, Congress of Trusted Rural Societies of Greater and Lesser Kabarda and Five Mountain Societies, Kabardian public Sum and its treasurer, rural boards, rural public funds). The informative impact of such clerical documents as prescriptions, resolutions, reports, relations, re-ceipts from residents of villages, bills from various institutions to the treasurer of the Kabardian public sum and the head of the Nalchik district, statements, receipts, certificates, etc. is deter-mined for the study of various areas of the economic history of the Kabardian and Balkarian popu-lation of the district. The exchange of information between the subjects of financial relations oc-curred through telegrams and notices, and their description is given. It is concluded that the rec-ords of the institutions of government and self-government of the Nalchik district in financial ac-tivity contain information about how, in what form and on what issues they interacted with each other and with other non-financial institutions, what the hierarchy of financial institutions of the Nalchik District looked like during the period under study; and also reflected information on the composition of employees of financial institutions, authorities and self-government and their em-ployees, including representatives of the Kabardian and Balkarian population.

Increasing the involvement of citizens in the decision-making process of territorial development through digitalization

Object: The introduction of participatory budgeting in a digital format in order to increase civic engagement in making managerial decisions on territorial development. The hypothesis of the study is that digital participatory budgeting increases the role of institutions of local government and civil society. Methods: The study used the method of content analysis in the study of foreign experience and normative legal acts regulating the activities of local self-government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Findings: Based on the results of the analysis, it was revealed that the policy of decentralization affects the territorial development of developed countries. The level of decentralization is closely related to how local governments perform their role in the distribution of various functions within the public administration system and is crucial for regional development. In this regard, the project "Organization of a set of measures aimed at the development of local self-government" in Kazakhstan uses a digital platform of participatory budgeting to involve citizens, public organizations, local authorities and local community meetings for the uniform development of the country's regions. Conclusions: Currently, the Republic of Kazakhstan is in the process of building a new model of interaction between the state apparatus and citizens based on the principle of "human-centricity". The conducted research shows that the use of digital platforms contributes to an increase in the activity of citizens in the process of making managerial decisions. The Berekeli Bastama project, launched at the level of the entire republic, can become a driver for the development of participatory budgeting and the development of the territory as a whole.

Strengthening Capabilities of Local Government Institutions in Disaster Management : A Study of Flood-prone Areas in Alappuzha District, Kerala

Strengthening Capabilities of Local Government Institutions in Disaster Management : A Study of Flood-prone Areas in Alappuzha District, Kerala

Neo-institutionalism perspective on local governance in Lombok: Reinstitutionalisation of Tuan Guru in the Indonesian decentralization era

This article delves into an examination and analysis of leadership models within local government institutions in Indonesia, employing the conceptual framework of new institutionalism. We contend that informal local institutions within communities not only influence the behavior and identity of leaders as actors but, within the context of decentralization, have also undergone a process of reinstitutionalization regarding roles and functions, employing distinct patterns of appropriation. Employing an interpretive approach, this article focuses on phenomena within the management of local governance in the West Nusa Tenggara province. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, literature studies on local history, and online news searches. Through a case study of local governance in West Nusa Tenggara province, particularly Lombok, the article reveals that the Tuan Guru, an informal local institution in Lombok society, has experienced reinstitutionalization through vertical and horizontal appropriation. The conclusion drawn is that decentralization has created opportunities for informal institutions to re-establish their roles within formal governance through appropriation patterns.

Exploring innovation and collaboration in the leather processing industry through the case study of the KIWANGO Leather Cluster

In the era of Industry 4.0, fostering innovation through strong collaboration among universities, industry, and government is crucial. However, the Tanzanian economy has faced challenges due to, among others, weak links between these entities. To address this, Sida initiated the Innovation Systems and Cluster Development Program (ISCP-Tz) in partnership with the University of Dar es Salaam. This was followed by a program at COSTECH focused on fostering innovation for socio-economic development. As part of these programs, 15 clusters, including KIWANGO Leather, were selected for documentation of their experiences. KIWANGO Leather exemplifies successful collaboration between cluster firms, the university, local government, and research institutions. Operationalizing guidelines for collaboration led to cooperative innovations, knowledge exchange, internships, and long-term partnerships established through Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). The cluster's experiences highlight a less-linear, inclusive innovation process with positive outcomes. Thus, this paper not only illustrates a less linear, inclusive innovation process, but also its results can motivate actors in emerging innovation ecosystems in the Global South to adopt and scale up suggested approaches for knowledge co-creation benefitting sustainable development. By adopting these approaches and fostering collaborative networks, countries can leverage their resources and expertise to drive innovation, create economic growth, and address societal challenges.

A Comparative Study on Local Governments’ Institutional Capacity of Service Delivery in Bhojpur

This study is a comparison of Local Governments' Institutional Capacity Self-Assessment (LISA) scores on service delivery of local governments in Bhojpur district during four fiscal years. The principal objective is to compare and analyze the LISA scores and find out the status on service delivery area of local governments in Bhojpur district. It has focused on comparative analysis of the status of local governments using their self-assessment scores to find out the progress in service delivery of local government institutions. The methodology used in this study is collecting secondary data of self-assessment reports from the website, and compare and analyze the data of all local governments over the four fiscal years. This study has followed descriptive and analytical approach as well as used document review, and website observation as research tools. Data collection has been done from secondary sources of data. The finding of this study reveals that the service delivery status of local governments has been gradually increased in LISA scores over the period. The emphasis on service delivery during the self-assessment has been given most and provided largest weightage and most indicators included. The Bhojpur municipality, where headquarter of the district located has been evaluated less scores than another municipality and the far remote rural municipalities, such as Salpa Silichho and Amchowk rural municipalities.

The Implementation of Aceh Qanun on Halal Labeling for MSMEs in West Aceh Regency

The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of Aceh Qanun Number 8 of 2016 on the Halal Product Assurance System (The Aceh Qanun on Halal Label) on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and to understand the supervision of the implementation of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label in West Aceh Regency. The study method used is empirical juridical, producing descriptive data regarding implementing the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label towards MSMEs in the West Aceh Regency. This study is important because data from the Health Office of West Aceh Regency shows that 30 MSMEs have obtained halal certificates. In comparison, 64 MSMEs do not have halal certificates for their marketed food products. Based on the data, this fact does not comply with the provisions of Article 4 of Law Number 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance (hereinafter referred to as the Halal Product Guarantee Law 2014), which obliges all products traded in Indonesia to have halal certification. This provision is in line with Article 4 of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label, which states that the Halal Product Assurance System aims to provide protection, peace of mind, and legal certainty to the community in consuming and using Halal and hygienic products for physical and spiritual health. The assurance of halal products refers to legal certainty regarding the halal status of products, proven by halal certificates, halal registration numbers, and halal labels. Many MSMEs in West Aceh do not have halal product certificates, so the objectives of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label have yet to be well implemented. The suboptimal supervision also influences the suboptimal implementation of the Aceh Qanun on Halal Label. This supervision involves various West Aceh Regency Local Government institutions, such as the Ministry of Religious Affairs and the Health Office. The main constraint is the limited funds allocated for such supervision, resulting in suboptimal halal product supervision for MSMEs in West Aceh.

Decentralization and Development: The Missing Link

Decentralization is a basic form of democratic government that transfer power, resources and empowers the local people as the decision makers for the local governing system. Since the inception in the Indian Constitution, decentralization was predicated to strengthen local political organizations, increase their democratic nature, and establish institutions that would cater to the interests and needs of the people. It envisages increasing local government institutions’ accountability and performance which would enhance development and transparency of governance at the grass root level. There are various theoretical benefits associated with decentralization, and already three decades have passed since the introduction of the 73rd and 74th Amendment Act in 1992. However, in many instances, realizing these idealistic decentralization goals has proven to be extremely difficult. The study therefore seeks to examine if decentralization is improving service delivery at the local level as envisioned. Although, efforts were made to facilitate effective and accountable local governance, various factors have hindered decentralization to fully achieve its objectives. The study attempts to identify the ‘missing link’ which has hampered the efficacy of decentralized government in India.

The contribution of civil society organisations to the implementation of the principles of good governance at the local level

The article examines the contribution of civil society organizations to the implementation of the principles of good governance at the local level. The analysis is based on the results of a comparative study on the interaction between civil society organizations and local authorities in the twenty-seven largest municipalities in Bulgaria, which are regional centers. The research presents data on the forms of citizen participation in outlining policies for the development of local communities, modernization of local government institutions, and increasing the accountability of local authorities. The article is based on comparative research data of international NGOs that not only conduct research in this field but also implement initiatives to improve the interaction between civil society and public institutions at the local level. In this regard, the major focus is presented on the good practices identified in the Local Integrity System Index – a comparative study of Transparency International – Bulgaria, which is the national chapter of the international anticorruption organization Transparency International.

Psychological Effects of Continuity Threatening Cyber Incidents

Working in the field of cybersecurity has been compared to working in a warlike environment. Understanding what types of psychological strain cyber attacks cause to the defending organisations’ workforce can aid in developing methods and processes for mitigating those stressors. This paper discusses the first-hand psychological effects of experiencing an operational continuity threatening cyber incident caused by a real threat actor. The results are based on 19 interviews from IR professionals and IT security practitioners to decision makers, CISO’s and other top executives. These individuals were working in multi-national corporations, hospitals, central government, financial sector, local government or educational institutions at the time of the incident. The interviews followed critical incident paradigm to focus on significant events during the cyber incidents, while also being semi-structured to compensate for the diversity of the incidents. Most of the interviewees raise up feelings of disbelief and despair as their first emotional response to the realization of being hit by ransomware, data theft or another severe cyber incident that could threaten operational or business continuity. Feelings of guilt and self-doubt were present, especially in those considered to be responsible for securing the network. However, at the same time, feelings of purpose and self-efficacy were also reported by some. Having scalable resources available in the time of need, with well-defined roles and responsibilities for the core incident response teams and protecting them from unnecessary inquiries seemed to alleviate the stressors and anxiety of the Incident Response (IR) team during the event. Good leadership and internal communication were seen as important to maintain the necessary situational awareness and focus during the active incident mitigation and resolve phase. Long-term negative effects of the cyber incident were increased cynicism, fear of the situation recurring, and thoughts of changing career. These negative outcomes were mitigated by increased trust in colleagues, processes and systems with experience of self-efficacy. This paper discusses what types of mental strain cyber incidents introduce to cybersecurity professionals and top executives. It deepens understanding on what factors need to be considered in developing and enhancing the overall resilience of organisations against cyber attacks.

Clean Water Empowerment in Waur Village, Kei Besar Subdistrict, Southeast Maluku Regency

This study aims to evaluate and provide recommendations regarding the empowerment of clean water in Waur Village, Kei Besar District, Southeast Maluku Regency. Although Waur Village has a significant population of 366 households or 1,569 people, efforts by the local government and relevant private institutions to manage clean water are still minimal. This study focuses on three main water sources, namely Faderni, Metan Evav, and Snalut, which often experience drought during the dry season, making it difficult for the community to obtain clean water. The methodology used includes field observations, interviews with respondents, and water sample testing conducted by the Health and Calibration Laboratory Center of Maluku Province. The results of the study show that the three water sources do not yet have adequate facilities, with leaking and uncovered reservoirs, and there is no empowerment process such as water sampling for feasibility testing or health socialization programs related to water management. Water sample tests indicate that water from Faderni, Metan Evav, and Snalut springs has good odor and taste parameters (No Odor and No Taste) and a color level that is still suitable for consumption. This study is expected to be a consideration for relevant parties in making more effective and efficient efforts to empower clean water in Waur Village

Conclusion: The State and Local–Legal Governance in the Early American Republic

Abstract: This essay comments on four new articles on key institutions of local and legal governance in the history of the early American republic: e.g., nightwatchmen, overseers of the poor, justices of the peace, and sheriffs. It attempts to place these contributions in wider historical and historiographical context by noting recent developments in the history of the American state, municipal governance, the history of law, the history of administration, and the problem of local administrative discretion.

Understanding Structural Factors in Women’s Political Participation

Abstract This study explores how system/structural factors influence the political participation of women at the local level in Ethiopia using two districts in the Amhara region as a case study. The research employs Recruitment theory as a theoretical framework and examines the role of systemic/structural factors and their influence on the political participation of women in local administrations. It uses a qualitative approach to explore how the factors enable or constrain women’s involvement in local governance. Diverse perspectives from female local council members, governmental institutions, and other stakeholders were included using key informant interviews, document analysis, and observation. The findings demonstrate that the electoral system, party system, quota system, and affirmative action have affected women’s political engagement in a different level in the two local governments.

Understanding non-participation in local governance institutions in Indonesia

Community-centered approaches are crucial and impactful strategies for the global climate and biodiversity crisis. However, these approaches hinge upon participation for both pragmatic and ethical reasons. While there is a growing body of research in this field, most studies focus on those who opt in to these community-based approaches. Research focuses on how interventions do or do not achieve the intended cross-sectoral outcomes that are flagship among these strategies. Few studies seek to understand the objective and subjective constraints of non-participants. We investigated why community members chose not to participate in a community-centered conservation approach in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. We used snowball saturation sampling and semi-structured interviews across nine villages, surveying both non-participants and key informants. Our results show that non-material factors such as time, lack of understanding, and feeling uninvited drove non-participation. Non-participants did not identify a lack of interest in program activities or services as a primary reason for opting out. Key informants suggested that participation could be improved with better outreach around objectives, potential benefits, and data feedback loops that quickly communicated results to community members. These results have implications for conservation strategies around the globe as findings suggest investing in non-material factors (e.g., improved messaging and considerations of time burdens) are significant constraints to participation. Payment for ecosystem services and carbon finance schemes often invest considerable time and money in incentivizing participation with material benefits, and our results suggest a more significant consideration should be placed on time requirements, messaging/outreach, adaptive feedback loops, and democratizing data ownership.

Local Governance and Transformative Initiatives in Kumbo Municipality (Cameroon): 1977-2013

The study examines the pivotal role of local government in fostering transformative initiatives in Kumbo Municipality and their broader developmental impact. Despite numerous studies on local governance, there is limited established information on transformative initiatives. The study employs qualitative methods, including interviews and desk research. While acknowledging certain accomplishments in life-transforming endeavours, the paper contends that these achievements remain quantitatively inadequate relative to the pressing needs of the community, and the pace of progress is notably sluggish. The findings reveal that certain projects have proven ephemeral due to issues in conception, implementation, and maintenance. Additionally, the study reveals a significant gap between the idealized vision of decentralization enshrined in Cameroon's 1996 constitution and the reality on the ground, as local government institutions haven't been effectively empowered. Urgent reforms are imperative for local governance to catalyze positive change, necessitating a steadfast adherence to the autonomy principles articulated in the constitution. Only through such comprehensive reforms can local government evolve into an effective instrument for transformative development in Kumbo Municipality.

Proses Collaborative Governance dalam program Puspaga Balai RW di Kota Surabaya

Puspaga, an abbreviation for Family Planning and Family Welfare Service Center, is a counseling service program that involves various community groups. This program integrates the concept of collaborative governance at the RW hall level, involving residents, community leaders, local government and related institutions. This collaboration aims to increase the effectiveness and sustainability of the Puspaga program amidst the changing paradigm of active community participation in development. RW Hall, as a center for social and cultural activities, is key in creating an environment that supports and understands community needs. Collaboration between RW halls, local government and other institutions is expected to create a holistic and sustainable service model.

The role of the university and local government institutions in the formation of students' civic culture

The role of the university and local government institutions in the formation of students' civic culture