Postgraduate Education Institutions Research Articles

Outcomes from Early Experience with Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Versus Open Technique

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) regarding postoperative pain, recurrence rates, duration of hospital stay and other postoperative outcomes within the context of a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India, and the initial experience of laparoscopic repairs. The current consensus in the literature often suggests LIHR as superior to open inguinal hernia repair (OIHR). Methods: This single-centre, retrospective, observational study was conducted at the Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Education and Research, Puducherry, India, from January 2011 to September 2020. All patients who underwent elective OIHR and LIHR were included. Data on the patients demographics, comorbidities, hernia type, mesh characteristics, surgery duration, hospital stay and immediate postoperative complications were collected and analysed. Results: A total of 2,690 OIHR and 158 LIHR cases were identified. The demographic profiles, hospital stay and complication rates were similar in both groups. However, surgical site infection was present exclusively in the OIHR group (3.55% versus 0.0%; P <0.05). The timeline for returning to normal activities was statistically shorter for the LIHR group (6 versus 8 days; P <0.05). The most frequent immediate complication in the LIHR group was subcutaneous emphysema (6.54% versus 0.0%; P <0.05). Recurrence (9.23% versus 3.61%; P = 0.09) and chronic pain (41.53% versus 13.55%; P <0.05) were higher in the LIHR group. Conclusion: Lower recurrence and chronic pain rates were observed with OIHR in the initial experience with LIHR in the hospital. However, LIHR had significant advantages concerning faster patient recovery and lower rates of surgical site infections. While the results contribute an interesting deviation from the standard narrative, they should be interpreted within the context of a learning curve associated with the early experience of the research team with LIHR. Keywords: Hernia; Inguinal Hernia; Laparoscopy; India.

Research of the Problems of Professional Support for Teachers in the Implementation of Inclusive Education

Professional support for teachers plays a crucial role in the implementation of inclusive education. In the study, the concept of “professional support for teachers” refers to the existence of close social ties between the administration (school principal and his deputies), colleagues, parents of children with SEN, and teachers of postgraduate pedagogical education institutions, who are the main resource for professional support. The aim of the study was to identify current problems of professional support for teachers of inclusive education in a general secondary education institution. It is established that the administration of the institution is mainly interested in the formation of additional competencies of teachers. The problems in which teachers need professional support are identified, in particular: increasing incentives to work with children with SEN; involving special educators in the provision of correctional and developmental services; providing funding for institutions to create an inclusive educational environment; conducting educational work with parents to form adequate expectations of their children; providing teachers with practical advice on minimizing unwanted behavior and modifying educational material for children with intellectual difficulties and autism spectrum disorders. It was found that the activity and motivation of parents of children with SEN to cooperate plays an exceptional role in providing support to teachers.

Open distance education for teachers in Ukraine: the case of the Ukrainian Open University of Postgraduate Education

The Ukrainian Open University of Postgraduate Education (UOUPE) is a self-governing educational institution that aims to provide distance education for teachers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the integration of Ukraine into the European educational space. The UOUPE is based on a design-transforming nonlinear paradigm and a reflexive-positional approach, enabling a community of progressive educators who can respond to modern challenges and change their learning and professional practices. The paper presents the interregional cooperation project for teachers' professional development, which the UOUPE implements in collaboration with the Department of Philosophy and Adult Education of the Central Institute of Postgraduate Education of the University of Educational Management. The paper also reports the results of the first diagnostic stage of the project, which involved 120 teachers from different regions of Ukraine.

Developing digital competence of teachers in postgraduate education using Google Workspace for Education

Digital competence is a key skill for teachers in the era of distance education. However, developing digital competence requires appropriate forms and training methods that utilise the available technologies and tools. In this article, we explore how Google Workspace for Education, a cloud service that offers various digital education tools, can foster digital competence among teachers in postgraduate education. We draw on our experience organising and conducting distance learning courses for university teachers at the Department of Open Educational Systems and Information and Communication Technologies of the Institute of Postgraduate Education. We present the theoretical background of competence, digital competence, and distance education and the educational opportunities that Google Workspace for Education provides. Using Google Classroom as the main platform, we describe the effective ways of developing digital competence in distance learning. We analyse the participants' learning outcomes and the benefits of collaborative learning. We also report the results of our research on developing teachers' digital competence based on selected criteria and indicators. We highlight the promising trends and challenges in developing teachers' digital competence in distance education.

Рецензія на монографію «Сучасні радіаційно-ядерні загрози: навчальний посібник»

The study guide "Modern Radiation-Nuclear Threats" examines issues of radiation-nuclear threats at the current stage of human development (characteristics of the phenomenon of radioactivity and ionizing radiation, descriptions of nuclear warheads, damage factors of a nuclear explosion, radiation terrorism and radiation weapons, radiation-nuclear accidents at nuclear power plants etc). Features of the biological action of ionizing radiation (primary and secondary radiobiological effects, stochastic and deterministic effects, chronic radiation sickness) are described. Data are provided on the prospects for the development of nuclear energy in Ukraine. Modern technical means for assessing the degree of radiation-nuclear threat were considered separately: military dosimetric devices, dosimetric devices of the State Emergency Service and devices used in atomic energy were characterized. Issues of interdepartmental cooperation in the field of prevention and response to radiation and nuclear threats in Ukraine were considered. The study guide is intended for students, intern doctors and students of higher medical educational institutions of Ukraine and post-graduate medical education institutions. The study guide is drawn up in accordance with the requirements of the Program for the Training of Citizens of Ukraine under the Program for the Training of Reserve Officers of the Medical Service, the module "Military Toxicology, Radiology and Medical Protection" for applicants of the first (bachelor's) level of knowledge 22 "Health Care" in the specialties "Medical business", "Dentistry", "Pediatrics", "Pharmacy" and the second (master's) level of knowledge 22 "Health care" for military accounting specialties "Medical business", "Dentistry", "Pharmacy".

FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL STANDARD "HEAD (DIRECTOR) OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTION": MODERN VECTOR

In the article, the author analyzes the current state of the problem of implementation of the professional standard "Head (Director) of Preschool Education Institution", analyzes the current regulatory documents; conducts all-Ukrainian monitoring of the implementation of the Professional Standard in educational institutions, analyzes the directions of implementation at all levels. Priority forms and methods of implementation were identified. The components of the roadmap are designed, the main ways and directions of implementation of the Professional Standard in practice at different levels of education are outlined: state, regional, local, local (preschool education institution) and personal. 
 The tasks for the implementation of the Professional Standard for different target groups are defined: heads of preschool educational institutions, founders of preschool educational institutions, in-service training subjects, centers for professional development of pedagogical workers, professional communities of pedagogical workers, higher education institutions. 
 The results of the online training of regional trainers for 95 people from all regions of Ukraine are presented, including 21 teachers of preschool education departments of higher education institutions, 28 teachers of preschool education departments (laboratories) of postgraduate pedagogical education institutions, 22 specialists of professional development centers for pedagogical workers, 24 heads (directors) of preschool education institutions.
 The article focuses on designing an individual professional development trajectory. All priority areas of activity are interconnected, forming a single through system, creating a continuous process. Effective solutions for the implementation of the professional standard "Head (Director) of Preschool Education Institution" are predicted. The approaches to the professional development of pedagogical workers in the process of implementing the professional standard "Head (Director) of Preschool Education Institution" are substantiated. The results of the training of preschool teachers according to the standard program for the implementation of the professional standard "Head (Director) of Preschool Education" are presented.
 The experience of implementing the Professional Standard in different regions is presented. The further steps of the Professional Standard implementation are determined.

FEATURES OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR DENTAL PROSTHETICS SUPPORTED BY DENTAL IMPLANTS

Main goal increasing the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment and prolonging the period of use of fixed dental prostheses based on dental implants through the use of supportive therapy of peri-implant tissues.
 Material and methods. The research was carried out at the Department of Stomatology of the Institute of Postgraduate Education of the Bogomolets National Medical University and at the Department of Dentistry of the Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine.
 We observed 55 people aged from 30 to 59 years, of which 22 men and 33 women with included defects of the lateral areas of the tooth rows, who were made artificial crowns supported by dental implants. 27 persons (group I) underwent dental implantation after traditional sanitation of the oral cavity and professional oral hygiene. Individuals of the II group, in the number of 28, were additionally prescribed a treatmentprophylactic complex, which included professional oral hygiene, photodynamic therapy of peri-implant tissues, which was applied before the application and during the use of orthopedic structures based on dental implants, and prescribed quertin and quercitin. The control group (III group) included 12 people of the same age group with intact dentitions and physiological forms of bite, who had intact dentitions without clinically diagnosed periodontal tissue diseases and teeth affected by the carious process.
 Results. Prosthetics of a group of patients with the appointment of sessions of supportive photodynamic therapy, which is applied before application and during the use of orthopedic structures with support on dental implants, in comparison with the results of prosthetics without any supportive therapy of peri-implant tissues, indicate an improvement in the hygienic state of the oral cavity, a decrease in inflammatory dystrophic changes of peri-implant tissues, the period of use of orthopedic structures, which allows to avoid recession of the gingival margin in the peri-implant area, reduce the risks of bone tissue dehiscence and, accordingly, prolong the period of use of non-removable orthopedic structures.
 Conclusions. The use of dental prostheses based on dental implants, due to the retention properties of the design, contributes to the deterioration of oral hygiene and, accordingly, the formation of a biofilm with the phenomenon of "Quorum Sensing", which requires the use of professional oral hygiene and photodynamic maintenance therapy. Prescribing sessions of photodynamic maintenance therapy, before applying and during the period of use of orthopedic structures, helps to improve the hygienic condition of the oral cavity, reduce inflammatory and dystrophic changes of periapical tissues during the period of use of orthopedic structures, which makes it possible to extend the period of use of orthopedic structures.

The Role of Scientific and Methodological Support for the Professional Development of Teachers in the Context of Reforming Basic Secondary Education

This article discusses the state of scientific and methodological support of teachers, which is aimed at implementing the tasks of reforming basic secondary education on the basis of the Concept of «New Ukrainian School».
 The presented material is based on the results of the analysis of scientific, methodological and innovative activities of institutions of postgraduate pedagogical education, aimed at improving the system of quality assurance of education and professional growth of the teacher.
 Taking into account the changes in the content of education, the practical implementation of student-centered learning, the introduction of innovative pedagogical technologies into the educational process, it is indicated how the professional formation of a teacher in the system of postgraduate education is practically ensured. On the basis of the study, the authors determine the organizational and pedagogical conditions for improving the process of professional growth of teachers in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education, as a factor in increasing their competitiveness.
 The role of the system of postgraduate pedagogical education, as a system of adult education, in improving the process of professional growth of a teacher is disclosed. It is noted that the system of postgraduate pedagogical education, under the influence of socio-economic changes that take place in society, ensures the continuous professional development of teachers and their mastery of competencies that are closely related to the implementation of their professional pedagogical activities and the transition to a new quality of education.

Professional training and continuing professional development of masters in dentistry under the extreme conditions of COVID-19 and martial law in Ukraine

The III Scientific and practical conference with international participation “Professional training of dentistry specialists in the extreme conditions of modernity”, which was held on April 26–27, 2023 at the Dental Medical Center of the Bogomolets National Medical University, was devoted to the issues of continuous dental education in Ukraine in the conditions of war. The conference was organized by the Ukrainian Association of Dental Education (UADE), where the chairman of the organizing committee was the president of the UADE, professor Yaroslava Kulbashna and the deputy chairman — vice president of the UADE, associate professor Iryna Skrypnyk. It was very pleasant to feel the support of the rectorate of the Bogomolets National Medical University — its rector Yuriy Kuchin, vice rectors, professors Oleksandr Naumenko, Rimma Skrypnyk and Oleksandr Kanyura, president of the NGO «Ukrainian Dental Association», professor Iryna Mazur, director of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, professor Tatiana Vezhnovets, members of the UADE and the student council of the dental faculty. The representative level of the guests and participants of the event showed that despite the war in our country, the topic of continuing education of future dentists, interns and doctors is in the focus of attention of government officials in the field of education and medicine, teachers, students, postgraduate students of higher medical and postgraduate education institutions. In particular, the event was attended by First Deputy Minister of Health of Ukraine, professor Serhiy Dubrov, People’s Deputy of Ukraine Inna Sovsun, director of the Department of the Ukrainian State Center for International Education of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, candidate of historical sciences Olena Shapovalova.

Evaluation of office and ambulatory blood pressure in the practice of a primary care physician. Guidelines

The guidelines contain data on modern approaches to blood pressure assessment, the basic rules for its measurement, data interpretation, making conclusion, including with combined evaluation of clinical and ambulatory measurement data. Information on the diagnosis of hypertension, evaluation of the effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy using clinical and ambulatory blood pressure measurement, both with their separate and combined use, is reflected. Aspects related to the measurement of blood pressure when standing and the diagnosis of hypotension are briefly covered. The guidelines are intended for primary care physicians (internists, general practitioners, cardiologists, neurologists and other specialists), students of medical universities and postgraduate education institutions.

ADVANCED TRAINING IN POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW

The article focuses on the need to meet the needs of public sector professionals in acquiring new knowledge and skills through the proposals of educational service providers in the field of vocational training under the legal regime of martial law. It is established that under the legal regime of martial law, postgraduate education institutions providing professional training, in particular, advanced training of public servants, continue to operate fully despite various restrictions on the organization of operational activities. They are free to choose the forms, methods and means of training that correspond to the professional development programs. For most postgraduate education institutions, distance learning became the only available form in the system of professional development of civil servants in 2022. Based on the analysis of the Poltava Regional Center for Professional Development, it can be stated that the number of educational events, groups of participants, and the number of participants in professional training has increased. In 2022, vocational training was mainly provided to local government officials and civil servants of regional and district state (military) administrations, and the number of participants in vocational training decreased compared to the pre-war year. The task of providing professional information and explanatory support on topical issues of public service under martial law was a companion to educational services for postgraduate education institutions. The high quality of educational services of postgraduate education institutions can be ensured by expanding the range of educational services in the field of professional training of officials with the simultaneous introduction of innovative educational technologies, various forms and methods of teaching, and wider involvement of practicing teachers, representatives and experts of civil society institutions. Priority areas of training should be determined by the needs of customers of educational services for professional development.

Рецензія на монографію «досвід військових формувань у ліквідації наслідків аварії на чорнобильській атомній електростанції через призму сучасних радіаційних загроз (до 35 роковин аварії на чорнобильській атомній електростанції)»

The Monograph is the result of scientific and practical cooperation of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the Command of the Medical Forces, the Ukrainian Military Medical Academy, the SE “L.I. Medveds Research Center of Preventive Toxicology, Food and Chemical Safety of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, State University “Na-tional Scientific Center of Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Sci-ences of Ukraine” in the field of radioprotection, namely - prevention and elimi-nation of radiation exposure, organization of radiation, chemical and biological protection of forces during elimination of the consequences of a radiation acci-dent. The main goal of the Monograph is the analysis of the practical aspects of the cooperation of servicemen of the Armed Forces, representatives of power minis-tries and agencies, and the health care system on the elimination of the conse-quences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The authors note that the experience gained was the basis for the development of scientific recom-mendations for improving radioprotection, taking into account the radiation ef-fect on human health and the environment. Special attention is paid in the Monograph to the study of the key principles of prevention and elimination of radiation exposure, the peculiarities of the or-ganization of radiation, chemical and biological protection of forces during the elimination of the consequences of a radiation accident. Undoubtedly, the Monograph is a useful source of information for doctors of various specialties, scientific specialists, students of the Ukrainian Military Medi-cal Academy, students of higher medical schools and educational institutions of postgraduate education, and military specialists in the organization of radiation, chemical and biological protection of forces.

PATIENT MONITORING DURING PROCEDURAL SEDATION: ARE THE MODERN STANDARDS IMPLEMENTED IN UKRAINE?

The purpose of the study was to review modern recommendations regarding the monitoring of patients during procedural sedation and analgesia as well as to assess its conformity to the modern standards in Ukraine.
 Materials and methods. Recommendations from European, American, British and Australian organizations which cover the topic of procedural sedation and analgesia or levels of anesthesia that conform to the procedural sedation corresponding to ASA, the standard monitoring during anesthesia, and were published between 2003 and 2023 have been reviewed. From 17 till 20th of March a survey has been conducted. Throughout the survey, participants have anonymously filled a questionnaire via Google-Form. The link to the questionnaire was shared by the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care of the Institute of Postgraduate Education of Bogomolets National University with support provided by Association of Anesthesiologists of Ukraine through social networks such as Facebook and Instagram on the official pages of the Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Intensive Care of the Institute of Postgraduate Education of the Bogomolets National Medical University.
 Results. A total of 284 doctors took part in the survey. Among them 280 (98.5 %) have been working in Ukraine during the survey, 4 (1.5 %) have been excluded from the analysis. Pulse oximetry was regularly used by 278 (99.2 %), automatic arterial pressure measurement by 222 (79.4 %), manual measurement of arterial pressure by 35 (12.5 %), ECG-monitoring by 95 (34.2 %), capnography by 35 (12.5 %), thermometry by 10 (3.5 %), electroencephalography by 4 (1.6 %) of the doctors (Fig. 3). 36 (12.8 %) of the respondents have informed about the absence of technical means to conduct ECG-monitoring, 172 (62.5 %) have conducted it in a selective manner. The results are presented in form of descriptive statistics and diagrams.
 Conclusion. Procedural sedation is a safe method provided that modern safety standards are systematically followed. Full monitoring is a prerequisite for timely response to critical events and mitigation of their consequences. Reporting problems of any degree of criticality that occurred during sedation helps to optimize local practices and has a positive effect on the quality of medical care. Introduction of routine capnography, electrocardiography and thermometry are prioritized goals when it comes to increasing the quality of monitoring in Ukraine.

Factors Influencing the Success of Online Education during COVID-19: A Case Analysis of Odisha

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus has dramatically changed the lives of students all around the world, with the virus’s effects profoundly impacting students’ physical and emotional well-being. Due to a series of shutdowns and lockdowns, social distancing, and further closure of schools, colleges, and institutions to ameliorate the pandemic crisis, the teaching and learning process shifted to an online form. As a result, students all over the world have been forced to deal with the problem as a last resort to accepting online education. This study looked at the efficiency of online education in the current situation and the student’s reactions. To enhance the online method of education for students, we examined the success characteristics of online education in the Indian state of Odisha. The study’s samples were collected from the faculty members of various graduate and post-graduate educational institutions in Odisha, who were recruited by questionnaire to get an expert opinion.

Қазақ тілін деңгейлеп меңгертуге бағытталған тапсырмалар жүйесінің сипаттамасы

The article analyzes the system of tasks aimed at the level mastery of the Kazakh language on the basis of the Model curriculum of the general education cycle for higher and postgraduate educational institutions, for students studying in non-linguistic specialties. The article also reflects the requirements for reproductive, variative, research, creative tasks in teaching the Kazakh language and their detailed description is given. Tasks are selected in accordance with the types of speech activity (speaking, listening, reading, writing, communication). The main purpose of the article is to analyze the work of scientists from a scientific and theoretical point of view, to identify and systematize the types of tasks, based on the content of each activity, to study and demonstrate skills aimed at effectively teaching the Kazakh language: working with a dictionary, building diagrams, drawing up abstracts on a specific topic , compiling comparative charts and graphs, working with literature, holding discussions, holding debates (reflections, discussions), holding a round table, etc. In addition, the results of the development and use of the task system developed in the process of teaching the Kazakh language are investigated, thereby revealing the scientific and methodological significance of the article. A thoughtfully designed system of tasks creates an opportunity to form the linguistic competencies of students, to fully master all types of speech activity (speaking, listening, reading, writing, communication) in the process of learning the Kazakh language.

TRAINING OF SOCIAL EDUCATORS FOR PROJECT ACTIVITIES IN POST-GRADUATE EDUCATION: PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS

The article is devoted to the analysis of pedagogical conditions for the training of social pedagogues for project activities in postgraduate education. The purpose of the work is the theoretical substantiation of the requirements for the teacher's profession and his personality. Pedagogical conditions for the training of social pedagogues for project activities are determined as factors, circumstances, necessary and sufficient for the organization and conduct of such training in postgraduate education. The main pedagogical conditions are singled out: updating the content of advanced training courses with innovative modules which provide a cognitive basis for the readiness of social pedagogues for project activities; motivation of social pedagogues to implement project activities in social-pedagogical work; using of innovative technologies in the process of socio-pedagogical work; increasing the effectiveness of methodical support for the training of social pedagogues in postgraduate education. The specified pedagogical conditions ensure the effective development of the professional competence of social teachers and direct them to further professional growth. The results of a survey of social pedagogues regarding their attitude to project activities are presented. It was established that more than half of the respondents at advanced training courses were introduced to the elements of project activity, a small part of social pedagogues received information about the specifics of project activity during informal education: webinars, master classes. It has been proven that the implementation of the specified pedagogical conditions requires the updating of educational and professional programs for the training of social pedagogues in the institutions of higher and postgraduate education, the using of innovative pedagogical technologies in the training process, the introduction of new formations into the traditional system of training social pedagogues in advanced training courses.

ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ТА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЗАКЛАДУ ДУХОВНОЇ ОСВІТИ СУМЩИНИ У НОВІТНІЙ ПЕРІОД (1997–2015)

The article is devoted to the latest stage of the only confessional institution of spiritual education in the Sumy Region which is Sumy Theological Seminary named after His Beatitude Metropolitan Volodymyr (Sabodan) of Kyiv. The article traces the history of the spiritual and educational institution: from the Okhtyrka Theological School (1819), which was moved to Sumy (1889), its closure in 1919, to the resumption of the school's activities in 1998 and the opening of Sumy Theological Seminary on its basis. The 25th anniversary of the educational process restoration in Sumy Pastoral and Theological School provides an opportunity to study the activity latest stages of Sumy Institution of Spiritual Education. Since 2015 the school was reorganized into Sumy Theological Seminary, which was named in honor of His Beatitude Metropolitan Volodymyr (Sabodan) and operates in this status today. The structure and specifics of the spiritual education institution activity are traditionally closed and have other specific features significantly different from other educational institutions. Thus, it causes research interest. The relevance and practical significance of studying the history and latest updates of Sumy Theological Seminary is also due to the exclusivity of the institution. Sumy Theological Seminary is currently the only denominational institution of spiritual education in the Sumy Region. The study of the spiritual educational institution in the Sumy Region, its history, and its current state, allow us to obtain more precise data about education in the Sumy Region in general. The history of spiritual education in the Region is an integral part of its heritage and defines the contours of its regional cultural and historical portrait, requiring further thorough research. The results of scientific research can be used in the process of studying the history of the Sumy Region as a separate region, educational institutions of the Region, the study of local history and historical-pedagogical courses in pedagogical higher education institutions of Ukraine, in institutions of postgraduate pedagogical education, as well as in religious educational institutions. The purpose of the research is to reproduce little-known facts of the history of Sumy and the Sumy Region, related to the activities of the theological school and seminary, as also individual facts of the religious and social life of the Sumy Region.

Periodization of the Development of Improving the Qualifications and Training of Educators of Orphanage Homes and Preschool Institutions of Ukraine (1920-s – 1991)

The article outlines the periodization of the development of professional development and retraining of educators of children's homes and kindergartens of Ukraine (1920-s – 1991). The purpose of the article is to investigate the periodization of the development of professional development and retraining of educators of children's homes and kindergartens of Ukraine (1920-s – 1991). In the course of our research, a retrospective analysis of the development of professional development and retraining of educators of children's homes and kindergartens of Ukraine (1920-s – 1991) has been carried out and a periodization of the development of this process has been developed. The analytical-descriptive method was used to study and generalize archival sources, which highlighted the experience of learning in postgraduate pedagogical education institutions, and the analysis of scientific-pedagogical sources was also used in accordance with the purpose of the research. Based on the examination of modern scientific-pedagogical sources on the issues of the development of postgraduate pedagogical education of pedagogical workers of pre-school institutions of Ukraine (1920-s – 1991), processing of archival materials, the article presents the periodization of the development of the specified problem and outlines the following periods: the 1st period (1920–1941) – formation of a system of retraining and advanced training of educators of children's homes and kindergartens; the 2nd period (1945-1967) – development of the institutional system of training and advanced training of educators of children's homes and kindergartens; the 3rd period (1967-1991) is the constant modernization of the system of advanced training of educators of children's homes and kindergartens, the active conduct of scientific research and the introduction of their results into the practice of postgraduate pedagogical education institutes in the context of democratization of social life, introduction of elements of market relations. So, after studying archival sources and works of domestic scientists, we can come to the conclusion that today there is an increased interest of scientists in the field of history of pedagogy in studying the problems of the development of postgraduate education of professional development and retraining of educators of children's homes and kindergartens as an organic component of their continuous education.

Особливості превенції ускладнень при застосуванні мостоподібних зубних протезів

Topicality. Dental morbidity continues to remain at a high level, the complication of which is partial loss of teeth. Orthopedic patient treatment after the manufacture of fixed dentures requires a special approach, since each orthopedic construction has certain retention elements for food residues and, thus, contributes to the violation of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity, the active formation of a biofilm with the phenomenon of «Quorum Sensing». One of the methods of optimizing the condition of the oral cavity and the periodontal tissues of supporting teeth is the use of photodynamic therapy. At the same time, the issue of using photodynamic therapy in the presence of dental prostheses in the oral cavity remains insufficiently studied, which determines the relevance of our research. The purpose of the study is to increase the effectiveness of orthopedic replacement of tooth row defects and prolong the period of use of fixed dental prostheses by using supportive photodynamic periodontal therapy of abutment teeth. Materials and methods. The research was conducted at the Department of Dentistry of the Institute of Postgraduate Education of the O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University, the Department of Dentistry of the National University of Health Protection of Ukraine named after P. L. Shupyk, and «Academic Dentistry» LLC, Kyiv. We observed 58 people of three age groups: 30–44 years, 45–59 years, and 60 years and older, including 22 men and 36 women with included dental defects, who were made bridge-shaped prostheses. The control group (III group) included 22 people of the same age groups with intact dentitions and physiological forms of bite, who had intact dentitions without clinically diagnosed periodontal tissue diseases and teeth affected by the carious process. 25 people (group I) underwent prosthetics after traditional therapeutic training and professional oral hygiene prior to prosthetics, and, according to clinical indications, periodontal treatment. 22 persons of the II group, were additionally prescribed photodynamic therapy of the periodontal tissues of the abutment teeth, which was applied before applying and during the period of use of orthopedic construction. For photodynamic therapy, the «Lika-Therapeut-M» dental system was used, which includes a laser with a wavelength of 660 nm and a toluidine blue preparation. To ensure the therapeutic photobiological effect directly in the periodontal tissues, before starting the photodynamic therapy procedure, professional oral hygiene was performed. The results. Prosthetics of a group of patients with the appointment of sessions of photodynamic therapy, which is applied before applying and during the period of use of orthopedic constructions in comparison with the results of prosthetics without any supporting periodontological therapy of supporting teeth, indicate an improvement in the hygienic state of the oral cavity, a reduction in inflammatory-dystrophic changes in the periodontal tissues supporting teeth during the period of use of orthopedic constructions, which allows to avoid recession of the gingival edge of teeth covered with artificial crowns and, accordingly, prolong the period of use of fixed orthopedic constructions. Conclusions. The use of fixed dentures due to the retentive properties of the intermediate part of the bridge-like dentures contributes to the deterioration of oral cavity hygiene and, accordingly, biofilm with the phenomenon of "Quorum Sensing", which requires the use of professional oral hygiene and effective oral hygiene lessons. In case of using artificial crowns, inflammatory and destructive changes in the marginal edge of the gums occur, for the prevention of which it is advisable to use photodynamic maintenance therapy of the periodontium of supporting teeth. The appointment of sessions of photodynamic maintenance therapy, which is used before applying and during the period of use of orthopedic constructions, contributes to the improvement of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity, the reduction of inflammatory and dystrophic changes in the periodontal tissues of supporting teeth during the period of use of orthopedic constructions, which allows to avoid recession of the gingival margin of teeth covered with artificial crowns and , respectively, to prolong the period of use of fixed orthopedic constructions. Keywords: bridge fixed dentures, prevention of complications, photodynamic therapy, periodontal tissues.

OPEN EDUCATIONAL PLATFORMS FOR THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS OF SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS AND TECHNOLOGY

The article is devoted to the problem of studying the professional development of teachers of science and mathematics education and technology in the conditions of martial law. The purpose of the article is to characterize open educational platforms for the professional development of teachers of science and mathematics education and technology. These platforms include: the social project «Coaching for Ukraine» created by the AcademyOcean team, which operates with the support of the state; training courses for teachers on the Prometheus+ platform; professional development courses on the Iteacher platform; the Ukrainian educational online portal for teachers «Na urok»; the educational project «Vseosvita»; and the online education studio Educational Era (EdEra). The experience of the Institute of Postgraduate Education of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, where instructors have developed and implemented original training courses for teachers with different levels of digital competence, is highlighted. It is emphasized that the professional development of teachers with the active use of open educational platforms takes place in accordance with the principles of open education. It has been found that the content of the in-service training of teachers of science and mathematics education and technology in the context of the use of digital tools in the educational process contributes to the renewal of the organization of the educational environment of a general secondary education institution in a remote mode, highlights the features of the learning process organization of students in synchronous and asynchronous modes. It has been proven that the use of digital tools by a teacher is closely related to his digital competence, which needs attention from the professional development system.