Institute Of Physics Publishing Research Articles

Is novel research worth doing? Evidence from peer review at 49 journals

There are long-standing concerns that peer review, which is foundational to scientific institutions like journals and funding agencies, favors conservative ideas over novel ones. We investigate the association between novelty and the acceptance of manuscripts submitted to a large sample of scientific journals. The data cover 20,538 manuscripts submitted between 2013 and 2018 to the journals Cell and Cell Reports and 6,785 manuscripts submitted in 2018 to 47 journals published by the Institute of Physics Publishing. Following previous work that found that a balance of novel and conventional ideas predicts citation impact, we measure the novelty and conventionality of manuscripts by the atypicality of combinations of journals in their reference lists, taking the 90th percentile most atypical combination as "novelty" and the 50th percentile as "conventionality." We find that higher novelty is consistently associated with higher acceptance; submissions in the top novelty quintile are 6.5 percentage points more likely than bottom quintile ones to get accepted. Higher conventionality is also associated with acceptance (+16.3% top-bottom quintile difference). Disagreement among peer reviewers was not systematically related to submission novelty or conventionality, and editors select strongly for novelty even conditional on reviewers' recommendations (+7.0% top-bottom quintile difference). Manuscripts exhibiting higher novelty were more highly cited. Overall, the findings suggest that journal peer review favors novel research that is well situated in the existing literature, incentivizing exploration in science and challenging the view that peer review is inherently antinovelty.

Preface

These are the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Damage Assessment of Structures (DAMAS 2021), which was grandly held from October 29 to November 1, 2021 in Shanghai, China. The conference proceeding was published by the Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP). The conference aimed at providing a platform for in-depth communication for all academic and industrial colleagues and promoting the academic exchange and cooperation between domestic and foreign scholars in the field of structural damage assessment in theory, testing and engineering practice.There are six sessions devoted to theories, methodologies and applications for this symposium, such as machine condition monitoring and fault diagnosis, engineering structure and system damage assessment, intelligent materials and structures, micro/nanostructures and composites. In DAMAS 2021, more than 500 experts and scholars at home and abroad online and offline attended this conference. The conference recruited more than 90 papers, invited well-known experts and scholars at home and abroad to share the latest research results, set up a main venue and 6 sub venues, set up 3 plenary keynotes including 2 overseas plenary keynotes, and set up 12 specially invited keynotes including 5 oversea invited keynotes reports and 52 sub venues. The Conference Chairs would like to express sincere appreciations to authors, reviewers and presenters who made this conference so enjoyable, as well as 3 invited plenary keynote speakers and 12 keynote speakers for their excellent and attractive speeches. Thanks go to the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shanghai Jiao Tong University for the sponsor. Special thanks also to Tsinghua University, East China University of Technology, Ningxia University, Hunan Institute of Engineering and University of Huddersfield for their co-sponsors. Prof. Shan-Tung Tu and Prof. Zhike Peng Jan. 15, 2022

Global Wind Summit 2018

PrefaceOn behalf of the European Academy of Wind Energy (EAWE1) and WindEurope (formerly the European Wind Energy Association EWEA), we hereby have the pleasure of presenting the Scientific Proceedings of the WindEurope Conference 2018.Global Wind Summit 2018 (WindEurope Conference & WindEnergy Hamburg) took place in Hamburg on 25-28 September 2018. It is one of the largest and most important meeting places of the wind energy community. This year’s conference has featured 50 thematic sessions with a total of more than 500 speakers. As in previous years, the sessions mixed industrial content with scientific works, in order to increase the visibility of relevant scientific research and to facilitate an interchange of ideas between industry and academia.In continuation of the successful agreement between WindEurope and IOP Publishing, the scientific contributions of the WindEurope Conference 2018 are published in the Journal of Physics: Conference Series, an Open Access journal managed by the Institute of Physics (IOP). All papers in this volume originate from scientific contributions presented at WindEurope Conference 2018, and have been peer-reviewed in order to ensure strict, international standards, coordinated by the Scientific Proceedings Editors and aided by the EAWE Wind Europe Scientific Committee.New this year was the possibility for every accepted scientific abstract to submit a paper for the Scientific Proceedings. In previous years only the scientific papers presented in oral sessions were given this opportunity, but this year authors could submit a manuscript also for accepted scientific poster presentations. We believe this is an important development that benefits our community, and that greatly increases the attractiveness of WindEurope Conference. In particular, this guarantees long-term storage and easy electronic reference of conference papers, and we thank WindEurope for making this possible. Of course this positive development has also meant a much higher workload than previously. This year, a total of 46 original papers were submitted, of which 40 were eventually accepted for publication.

Historical papers

On September 13, 2017, Sir John Meurig Thomas held a lecture in Florence [1]. Thomas, now retired, held the Chair of Chemistry at the Royal Institution, which was created for Michael Faraday. Thomas is renowned for his excellent book Michael Faraday and the Royal Institution: The Genius of Man and Place (Institute of Physics Publishing, 1991). The book was translated in 2006 in Italian as Michael Faraday La storia romantica di un genio (Firenze University Press) by Luigi Dei, now Rector of the University of Florence, and has been released to the public domain on the occasion of this lecture of September 13 (Figure 1).

WindEurope Summit 2016

On behalf of the European Academy of Wind Energy (EAWE1) and WindEurope (formerly the European Wind Energy Association, EWEA, until April 2016), we have the pleasure of presenting the Scientific Proceedings of the WindEurope Summit 2016.WindEurope Summit 2016 took place in Hamburg from 27-29 September 2016 and was one of the largest and most important meeting places of the wind energy industry, featuring 50 thematic sessions with more than 300 oral and 200 poster presentations. Known previously as EWEA's Annual Conference and as the European Wind Energy Conference before that, it has included a Science & Research component since 2007. The event is a well-known meeting place that allows engineers and scientists to present their latest findings to a mixed audience consisting of both researchers and industry experts. The industry involvement helps to focus the research, while the scientists often demonstrate relevant, novel ideas and solutions to problems of current industrial interest. This often leads to interesting comments and discussions that have an impact well beyond the conference boundaries.In the course of continuously improving the conference experience, in 2015 the organisers decided to combine scientific and general content in all conference sessions, rather than reserving the presentation of the Science & Research contributions in a separate track as was done at previous editions. Sessions at EWEA Annual Event 2015 were therefore combinations of general and of scientific presentations, which allowed for a more flexible choice of topics. In particular small research topics could also be accommodated in the context of a wider session. This successful setup of the conference has been carried over to this year's event in Hamburg.The improvements continue this year, with an agreement between WindEurope and IOP Publishing, which allows for the scientific contributions to be published in the Journal of Physics: Conference Series, an Open Access journal managed by the Institute of Physics (IOP). The European Academy of Wind Energy has for some time recommended such an arrangement, and we are very happy to see this happen. The most important advantage is that conference papers will be much more visible, being fully indexed and online available free of charge to anyone, while the authors retain their copyright under the permissive IOP Proceedings License. The IOP also provides long-term archival and access.All papers published in this volume originate from scientific contributions presented in the oral sessions of WindEurope Summit 2016, and have been peer-reviewed in order to ensure strict, international research standards. Selected papers, suitably extended and rewritten, will additionally be invited and considered for the new Wind Energy Science journal of the EAWE.The proceedings in this volume consist of 21 papers covering a wide spectrum of wind energy research. The topics include aerodynamic investigations and blade design, controller design for load mitigation, forecasting of power production, investigations related to wind turbine wakes, atmospheric stability and monitoring of turbines, as well as contributions concerned with floating supportstructures, optimal strategies for bidding on the energy market and mathematical failure modeling for offshore wind turbines, among others.As with previous events, the European Academy of Wind Energy is responsible for organizing the review process for scientific contributions, has contributed to develop the sessions, and provides scientific chairs for all sessions. All papers were peer-reviewed by a Scientific Committee, consisting of scientists from EAWE member institutes and their associates. We thank all authors for their willingness to take part in this procedure, including the strict deadlines imposed by the tight publication schedule, and the reviewers for their hard work alongside their daily business. WindEurope is responsible for the organisation and logistics of the conference, and we thank their highly professional staff and their associates for the excellent collaboration.1http://www.eawe.eu/

Dedication

Dedication

TH-C-204-00: Medical Physics Workshop: An Update On the Journal's Improvement Activities and Guidance On Writing and Reviewing Papers

TH-C-204-00: Medical Physics Workshop: An Update On the Journal's Improvement Activities and Guidance On Writing and Reviewing Papers

TH-C-204-03: Writing Good Scientific Papers and Responding to Critiques

TH-C-204-03: Writing Good Scientific Papers and Responding to Critiques

Notes on Contributors

Notes on Contributors

Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg

Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg

MISTIC: Radiation hard ECRIS

The ISAC RIB facility at TRIUMF utilizes up to 100μA from the 500MeV H− cyclotron to produce RIB using the isotopic separation on line (ISOL) method. In the moment, we are mainly using a hot surface ion source and a laser ion source to produce our RIB. A FEBIAD ion source has been recently tested at ISAC, but these ion sources are not suitable for gaseous elements like N, O, F, Ne,…,A new type of ion source is then necessary.By combining a high frequency electromagnetic wave and a magnetic confinement, the ECRIS [R. Geller, Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source and ECR Plasmas, Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol, 1996], [1] (electron cyclotron resonance ion source) can produce high energy electrons essential for efficient ionization of those elements. To this end, a prototype ECRIS called MISTIC (monocharged ion source for TRIUMF and ISAC complex) has been built at TRIUMF using a design similar to the one developed at GANIL [GANIL (Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds), www.ganil.fr], [2] The high level radiation caused by the proximity to the target prevented us to use a conventional ECRIS. To achieve a radiation hard ion source, we used coils instead of permanent magnets to produce the magnetic confinement. Each coil is supplied by 1000A–15V power supply. The RF generator cover a frequency range from 2 to 8GHz giving us all the versatility we need to characterize the ionization of the following elements: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, C, O, N, F. Isotopes of these elements are involved in star thermonuclear cycles and, consequently, very important for researches in nuclear astrophysics. Measures of efficiency, emittance and ionization time will be performed for each of those elements. Preliminary tests show that MISTIC is very stable over a large range of frequency, magnetic field and pressure.

ANNOUNCEMENT

In order to keep abreast with the progress of physics in the 21st century, from 2008 the Chinese PhysicalSociety will arrange all its physics journals published in English into a series, so as to present the publicationsin an orderly way. The Society has decided that from issue No 1 2008, Chinese Physics will change itstitle to Chinese Physics B and its website will be http://cpb.iphy.ac.cn to facilitate international academicexchanges.The journal's publication goals, policy and scope of distribution still remain unchanged, and its volumenumber will continue directly from Chinese Physics, i.e. the 2008 volume will be volume 17, so that the newname will not interrupt the continuity of the publication history of Chinese Physics. The rank of ChinesePhysics B in the SCI database will not be affected and we have been assured by the Editorial Office of SCI(an e-mail reply dated 1 Feb. 2007 from the editor of SCI-E) that the change of name to Chinese Physics Bwill in no way affect our citation frequency and impact factor statistics.Chinese Physics B will still be published monthly on the 4th day of every month, in a large edition of 16mowith 250 pages in each issue. Similarly, it will be distributed domestically by the Editorial Office of ChinesePhysics B, at a price of 86 Yuan RMB, while distributed abroad by the Institute of Physics Publishing, UK,at a price which will be given on the inside front cover of issue No 1 2008 of the journal.Fax: 010-82649072, Tel:010-82649026, 010-82649294

Preface: phys. stat. sol. (a) 204/6

This special issue of physica status solidi (a) contains a compilation of contributions representing the main topics covered at the seventh Trends in Nanotechnology (TNT2006) International Conference, held in Grenoble (France), 4–8 September 2006. During the last years many international or national conferences have emerged in response to the growing awareness of the importance of nanotechnology as key issue for the future scientific and technological development. Among these, the conference series Trends in Nanotechnology has become one of the most important meeting points in the nanotechnology field: it provides fresh organisation ideas, brings together well known speakers, and promotes a suitable environment for discussions, exchanging ideas, enhancing scientific and personal relations among participants. TNT2006 was organised in a similar way to the prior TNT conferences, with an impressive scientific programme including 36 Keynote lectures, without parallel sessions, covering a wide spectrum of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology research. In 2006, more than 380 scientists worldwide attended this event and contributed with 70 oral contributions and 210 posters, stimulating discussions about their most recent research. The TNT2006 edition was organised outside of Spain for the first time – namely in Grenoble (France) – to stress the importance of the launch of the Centre of Innovation in Micro and Nanotechnology (MINATEC) at the European level. The aim of the conference was to focus on the presentation of the latest Nanoscience results obtained worldwide and their related applications and to bring together, in a scientific forum, various groups belonging to industry, universities and government institutions. TNT2006 was particularly effective at transmitting information and establishing contacts among workers in this field. Graduate students attending such conferences have understood the importance of interdisciplinary skills to successfully develop their future research lines. One of the main objectives of the TNT2006 conference was to provide a platform where young researchers can present their latest work and also interact with high-level scientists. Therefore, 65 graduate students received a grant allowing them to attend and present their work. In addition, 21 prizes to the best posters were awarded during this event. TNT2006 is the successful consequence of a coordinated effort among several organising Institutions: Phantoms Foundation, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Universidad de Oviedo, Donostia International Physics Center, Nanomaterials Laboratory-NIMS, CEA/LETI, MINATEC, University of Purdue and Georgia Institute of Technology. In addition, we are indebted to the following institutions, companies and government agencies for their help and financial support: CEA/DSM/DFRMC, Ecole Centrale Paris, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, The Office of Naval Research International Field Office (ONRIFO), iNANO, NSERC/CRSNG (Nano Innovation Platform), GDR-E/NanoE, Raith GmbH, World Scientific and Imperial College Press, Parque Cientifico de Barcelona (PCB)-CREBEC, Universidad SEK, Parque Científico de Madrid (PCM), Springer, Institute of Physics Publishing, Merck, IJ Cambria Scientific, NanoSciences Rhone Alpes, Ville de Grenoble, INPGrenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Délégation Générale pour l'Armement (DGA), Institut de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, P. Van Hove (private donation), Royal Society of Chemistry and Wiley-VCH & pss. We would also like to thank all the participants for their assistance, the authors for their written contributions and the following companies for their participation: NanoTec, Raith GmbH, Scientec, Schaefer Techniques, Orsay Physics, Atomic Force, Omicron Nanotechnology, Fondis Electronic, EPISTEP/Alma Consulting, Atomistix, FinNano, Nanotimes, Institute of Physics Publishing, CEA, World Scientific and Imperial College Press and Wiley-VCH. We invite readers of this special issue to join us in San Sebastian (Spain), where the next Trends in Nanotechnology 2007 edition will take place (http://www.tnt2007.org). (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

New research site to launch in June

Thirteen science and technology societies will launch a new Web site (http://www.scitopia. org) in June that will enable users to search more than three million journal articles, conference proceedings, and patents at once.“Scitopia.org's aim is to provide powerful, focused aggregation and an additional access point to the highest quality scientific research available on the Web today... [The site] will offer the most direct route to the very latest research, within hours of it appearing on the Web,” said Terry Hulbert, head of Electronic Development and Strategy at the Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP), one of the participating organizations.

The Mathematics Companion – Essential and Advanced Mathematics for Scientists and Engineers20071A.C. Fischer‐Cripps. The Mathematics Companion – Essential and Advanced Mathematics for Scientists and Engineers. Institute of Physics Publishing, 2005. 172 pp., ISBN: 0‐7503‐1020‐0 £11.99

The Mathematics Companion – Essential and Advanced Mathematics for Scientists and Engineers20071A.C. Fischer‐Cripps. <i>The Mathematics Companion – Essential and Advanced Mathematics for Scientists and Engineers</i>. Institute of Physics Publishing, 2005. 172 pp., ISBN: 0‐7503‐1020‐0 £11.99

2006: a successful year forPhysica Scripta

This is my first December Editorial since the start of the partnership between the Royal Swedish Academy and Institute of Physics Publishing and I am delighted to announce that the year has been a great success.

Mini-profile: a day in the life of a journal publisher

I work as a group publisher in the journals publishing department at Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP) and look after the Journal of Physics series and our two open access titles New Journal of Physics and Journal of Physics: Conference Series. The journals have fully electronic processes with correspondence arriving via e-mail or the author and referee web pages. Both peer review and production are handled from our Bristol offices and so everyone’s day begins with the new requests, reports and submissions that arrived overnight. I start with my own mail and then handle queries passed on by colleagues in the Journal of Physics group. The publisher, production editor and publishing administrator for each journal sit next to each other and so there are frequent discussions about copy flow, special issues, urgent papers or how to coax a referee report from a particular editor.

Business prospects for commercial mm-wave MMICs

MMIC manufacturers are now starting to introduce commercial devices operating at millimeter-wave frequencies, but several challenges must be addressed before these high-frequency MMICs can become a mainstream commercial success. This paper is excerpted from a recent report entitled Commercial Applications for Millimetre-Wave MMICs, by Jeff Powell and Dave Bannister, published by Technology Tracking, a partnership between QinetiQ, Europe's largest science and technology organization, and Institute of Physics Publishing. More information about the complete report is available at http://www.technology-tracking.com. The complete report includes a detailed analysis of the business and technological drivers at work in a range of current and emerging applications for mm-wave MMICs; a summary of efforts to deliver packaged and tested parts that meet the performance, cost and size criteria demanded by commercial end-users; the most-common device architectures and strategies for successful MMIC design; and profiles of organizations actively developing and marketing systems based on mm-wave MMICs.

Constrained iterations for blind deconvolution and convexity issues

The need for image restoration arises in many applications of various scientific disciplines, such as medicine and astronomy and, in general, whenever an unknown image must be recovered from blurred and noisy data [M. Bertero, P. Boccacci, Introduction to Inverse Problems in Imaging, Institute of Physics Publishing, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 1998]. The algorithm studied in this work restores the image without the knowledge of the blur, using little a priori information and a blind inverse filter iteration. It represents a variation of the methods proposed in Kundur and Hatzinakos [A novel blind deconvolution scheme for image restoration using recursive filtering, IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 46(2) (1998) 375–390] and Ng et al. [Regularization of RIF blind image deconvolution, IEEE Trans. Image Process. 9(6) (2000) 1130–1134]. The problem of interest here is an inverse one, that cannot be solved by simple filtering since it is ill-posed. The imaging system is assumed to be linear and space-invariant: this allows a simplified relationship between unknown and observed images, described by a point spread function modeling the distortion. The blurring, though, makes the restoration ill-conditioned: regularization is therefore also needed, obtained by adding constraints to the formulation. The restoration is modeled as a constrained minimization: particular attention is given here to the analysis of the objective function and on establishing whether or not it is a convex function, whose minima can be located by classic optimization techniques and descent methods. Numerical examples are applied to simulated data and to real data derived from various applications. Comparison with the behavior of methods [D. Kundur, D. Hatzinakos, A novel blind deconvolution scheme for image restoration using recursive filtering, IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 46(2) (1998) 375–390] and [M. Ng, R.J. Plemmons, S. Qiao, Regularization of RIF Blind Image Deconvolution, IEEE Trans. Image Process. 9(6) (2000) 1130–1134] show the effectiveness of our variant.

Squeeze transformation and optics after Einstein

Squeeze transformation and optics after Einstein