Marine Institute Research Articles

MMS GULF REGION GIS DATABASE FOR OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLANNING

ABSTRACT The Minerals Management Service (MMS) established the Coastal Marine Institute (CMI) at Louisiana State University as part of the Center for Coastal, Energy, and Environmental Resources to promote environmental research related to the oil, gas, and mining industries. One of the primary initiatives of CMI is to create an environmental information program to support government and industry oil spill contingency planning needs to fulfill the requirements of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and MMS compliance regulations. The MMS Gulf Region geographical information system (GIS) database will contain critical information about the location and character of environmental resources, infrastructure, and administrative boundaries that occur within the coastal region of the U.S. Northern Gulf of Mexico. Information needed to support the program will be collected from state and federal resource agencies, industry, and other data providers.

Elemental Carbon Concentration in the Air Around Tampa Bay, Florida, 1990-1991

Elemental carbon (EC) particles have been found in the lungs of dolphins. The question arose as to whether these particles originated over land or water. This project determined the amount of EC particulate found in terrestrial air. Portions of paniculate filters and associated data collected during the period from January 1990 through December 1991 were provided by the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. Using reflectance spectroscopy and laboratory-generated standards, atmospheric concentrations of EC and TSP were determined. This paper addresses the data from those counties which surround Tampa Bay. In the spring of 1992, a television news station reported that researchers at Mote Marine Institute had found black carbon particulates in the lungs of dolphins (reported as “...dolphins with Black Lung Disease...). The dolphins were found in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Florida.1 In discussions with a principal investigator of the dolphin study, the question arose as to whether these pa...

Macrofaunal response to artificial enrichments and depressions in a deep-sea habitat

To test whether colonizing macrofauna specialize on different types of small-scale patches of food and disturbance in the deep sea, sediment tray and artificial depression colonization experiments were conducted on the deep-sea floor at 900-m depth, south of St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Trays and depressions were unenriched (Unenriched Controls) or enriched with either Thalassiosira sp. or Sargassum sp. Concurrent deployment of different types of enrichment and disturbance made it possible to evaluate whether macrofauna specialize on different patches, and thus avoid species interactions that might lead to competitive exclusion. Depressions create a hydrodynamic regime that traps passive particles, allowing tests of the relative importance of active selection of different patch types versus passive deposition for abundant colonizers. After 23 d, total densities and densities of the four abundant colonizers (Capitella spp., Nereimyra punctata, Cumella sp. and Nebalia sp.) were extremely high in enriched trays, despite relatively low ambient densities. Densities in Unenriched Control Trays were very low, and did not attain ambient densities. After 24 d, total densities in all depression treatments were considerably lower than in enriched tray treatments, and only Sargassum Depression densities exceeded those in the ambient environment. Lower densities of organisms in depression treatments compared with trays and differences in densities among depression treatments suggest that the dominant colonizers were highly active and selective, and were not passively entrained in depressions. Fauna1 analysis indicated that trays and depressions were very different, and Sargassum Depression fauna was very different from other depression types. A strong difference was not observed between fauna in ambient sediments and Thalassiosira sp. or Unenriched Control Depressions, perhaps because Thalassiosira sp. was dropped in depressions on the sediment surface and may have been more readily available to consumers and more rapidly consumed than in trays. Thalassiosira Trays were colonized by a lower diversity fauna than Sargassum Trays, and Unenriched Control Trays were colonized by very low densities of a fauna that was comparable in diversity to the ambient community. Diversity in Sargassum Depressions was higher than in enriched trays but lower than in other artificial depressions and the ambient fauna. Thalassiosira Depressions and Unenriched Control Depressions were comparable in diversity to ambient fauna and natural depressions, which were highly diverse. These experiments suggest that fauna may respond quickly and selectively to artificial food patches and disturbance, and this fauna is different from that observed in the ambient sediment. Thus, a patch mosaic may be part of the 1. Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 02543, USA. 2. Present address: Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, P.O. Box 231, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08903, USA. 345 346 Journal of Marine Research [52,2 reason for the high species diversity that is observed in deep-sea ecosystems. The different, highly diverse, fauna observed in natural depressions compared with flat ambient sediment suggests that natural analogs of these experiments have unique faunas that may contribute to the species richness of deep-sea habitats.

Steady Revolutions: The Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers

Steady Revolutions: The Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers

Book Reviews : Steady Revolutions: the Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, 1881-1990

Book Reviews : Steady Revolutions: the Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers, 1881-1990

Marine Amoebae from Georgia Coastal Surface Waters

Recent studies on marine protozoa in planktonic ecosystems have focused primarily on taxonomy of ciliates and flagellates and their role in aquatic food webs. Comparable studies of marine amoebae however, have received considerably less attention. The present investigation was carried out in the coastal waters of Sapelo Island, Georgia to obtain a data base and to assess the diversity of genera and species of marine amoebae in the nearshore waters of the southeastern United States. Twenty-nine species, representing 15 genera of marine amoebae, were identified from Georgia coastal surface waters. Paramoeba aestuarina, Platyamoeba langae, Clydonella vivax, Vannella mira, and Mayorella gemmifera, were the most common species observed in culture. The taxonomy of western European marine amoebae was studied by Page (1983), who published an extensive illustrated and descriptive key to most wellknown species. Bovee & Sawyer (1979) published a key to the marine amoebae of the northeastern United States, and Davis et al. (1978) published an account of species recovered from surface and deep waters of the open Atlantic Ocean. More recently, Fernandez et al. (1989) identified well-known and apparently widespread species from the northwest coast of Spain. Sawyer (1990) reviewed the historical significance of old and new species of marine amoebae. The present study probably is the most extensive survey of marine amoebae from warmer waters of the southeastern Atlantic coast of the United States, with the exception of Schaeffer's (1926) studies in more southern waters of Tortugas Key, Florida. Sapelo Island is an Atlantic barrier island located off the coast of Georgia approximately 80 km south of the industrial port of Savannah. Its shoreline is a typical tidal marsh, where waters are influenced by freshwater runoff and saltwater intrusion at high tide. The island is sparsely inhabited by humans, but has a significant vertebrate fauna, including white tail deer, migratory waterfowl, alligators, and other reptiles. Annual temperatures vary from below freezing in the winter to over 37?C in the summer. The island and its coastal waters are ideally suited for studies of freshwater, soil, and marine protozoa in environments that are relatively free from influences of human activity. The present paper summarizes a three-month investigation (February-May 1987) of the diversity of amoeboid protozoa in both coastal and offshore surface waters surrounding the island. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surface water samples of approximately 250-500 ml were collected in sterile glass bottles and filtered through 0.80-,um filters (Millipore Corporation, Bed' The author expresses sincere appreciation to the University of Georgia Marine Institute at Sapelo Island for allowing him to be a Visiting Scientist during the course of this investigation. Special appreciation is extended to the Director, Dr. James Alberts, and to Drs. Evelyn and Barry Sherr for their hospitality and encouragement. TRANS. AM. MICROSC. Soc., 111(4): 360-364. 1992. ? Copyright, 1992, by the American Microscopical Society, Inc. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.176 on Mon, 20 Jun 2016 07:33:44 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms VOL. 111, NO. 4, OCTOBER 1992 6 Gray'. Reef (34 km oflshore) ..SAPELO ISLAND (South End)

Max Planck opens marine institute

Max Planck opens marine institute

Gradient Analysis of Pitch Pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) Lowland Communities in the New Jersey Pinelands

ZAMPELLA, R. A. AND G. MooRE (New Jersey Pinelands Commission, New Lisbon, NJ 08064) AND R. E. GOOD (Division of Pinelands Research, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903). Gradient analysis of pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) lowland communities in the New Jersey Pinelands. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 119: 253261. 1992.-Gradient analysis was used to relate water-table level, soil moisture, soil texture, available nutrients, and disturbance to forest composition along pitch pine dominated lowland community gradients in the New Jersey Pinelands. Twenty-seven forest stands were classified as mesic pine-scrub oak forest, dry pitch pine lowland, wet pitch pine lowland, or pine-maple swamp. Stand position along the first axis of a detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) ordination contrasted the distribution of upland versus wetland species. The DCA axis was correlated with forest stand position along the first axis of a principal component analysis (PCA) ordination of environmental attributes. The PCA axis represented a complex upland to wetland environmental gradient characterized by decreasing depth to water-table and bulk density and increasing soil moisture and soil organic matter. The percentage of fine sand in the A horizon and pH also decreased along this gradient, and the percentage of medium sand in the A horizon, ammonium, and stand age increased. Soil moisture and bulk density best characterized the complex environmental gradient. However, because changes in soil moisture and soil organic matter are functionally related to water-table level, hydrologic regime may be the primary factor underlying observed vegetation patterns along pitch pine lowland gradients in the New Jersey Pinelands.

RosemaryBroomham, Steady revolutions: the Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers 1881-1990. (Sydney, New South Wales University Press, 1991. Pp. ix + 224, ill., app., index. $39.95.)

RosemaryBroomham, Steady revolutions: the Australian Institute of Marine and Power Engineers 1881-1990. (Sydney, New South Wales University Press, 1991. Pp. ix + 224, ill., app., index. $39.95.)

An Outline of Marine Science and Technology in Australia

This outline of civilian Marine Science activities and institutions within Australia is intended as an introduction to the major organisations and their roles. More detailed information, particularly on industrial and commercial uses of marine research may be found in Oceans of Wealth, a report to DITAC by the Review Committee on Marine Industries, Science and Technology (AGPS, 1989). Extensive statistics on research effort are provided by J. Franklin, An indicator-based profile of Australian marine research activity (Centre for Technology and Social Change, University of Wollongong, 1989). An overview of the recent history of marine science and technology, including political decisions, is given by M. Watson and J. Baker (Australian Institute of Marine Science Monograph No. 8). This paper was originally published in the Australian Marine Science Bulletin, 109, 21–24)

STATEMENT OF CONCERNED SCIENTISTS ON THE REAUTHORIZATION OF THE MAGNUSON FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT ACT

Editor's Note: The following statement was submitted to the 1988 U.S. Congressional hearings on the reauthorization of the Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson Act). The statement was written by William W. Fox, Jr., then Professor of Biology and Living Resources and Director of the Cooperative Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Study of the University of Miami, and presently Assistant Administrator of Fisheries, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the U.S. Department of Commerce. The statement was cosigned by a long list of distinguished marine scientists.While the focus of the statement is specifically on U.S. marine fisheries policy, the principles expressed are of much broader applicability, and will be of general interest to readers of this journal.

Marine and coastal management in China: A planning approach

Abstract Development of a sea‐use plan as part of the Chinese state planning system is a new attempt to promote the marine sector in a coordinated and integrated way. This article provides background on ocean uses in China, examines the organization of national marine management and institutions, describes the planning system, and reviews major components of the national marine plans.

Alterations in Seasonal Dynamics of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in a North Carolina Cooling Reservoir over a Seven-Year Period

The seasonal population dynamics of the Asian fish tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, were studied in the mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, in Belews Lake, North Carolina, over a 2-yr period (July 1984July 1986). Peaks in prevalence and abundance were observed during early summer and autumn. Similar patterns were reported by others for the years 1980-1982. However, the maximum prevalence observed in 1984-1986 (75%) was lower than seen in the earlier studies (90-95%). Abundance rarely surpassed 5 worms per fish in 1984-1986, whereas in 1980-1982 it often exceeded 6 and reached as high as 8. Maximum prevalence and abundance in 1984-1986 occurred during summer, as opposed to 1980-1982 when maximum values were recorded in the fall. Cyclopoid copepods serve as intermediate hosts for B. acheilognathi. In Belews Lake, the predominant cyclopoids are Diacyclops thomasi, Mesocyclops edax, and Tropocyclops prasinus, all of which have been shown to serve as intermediate hosts in laboratory infections. The slight alterations in the seasonal dynamics of B. acheilognathi are attributed to changes in the population structure of the cyclopoid copepod community. All 3 cyclopoid species were present in late spring-early summer in comparatively high densities; whereas, only T. prasinus was abundant in the autumn. This contrasts with older zooplankton studies, which demonstrated that D. thomasi previously was abundant also in the autumn. Studies on the population biology of the Asian fish tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, have allowed us to examine alterations in seasonal dynamics over a 7-yr period. Granath and Esch (1983a) investigated seasonal population dynamics of B. acheilognathi in the mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, in 1980-1982; whereas, Riggs and Esch (1987) studied the population biology of this cestode in mosquitofish, red shiners (Notropis lutrensis), and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) over a similar time period. In the present study, the population biology of B. acheilognathi in mosquitofish was followed from July 1984 to July 1986 for comparison with the observations by Granath and Esch (1983a). Various studies have suggested that seasonal changes in population dynamics of some fish parasites are correlated with changes in populations of copepod intermediate hosts (Watson and Lawler, 1965; Halvorsen, 1968; Riggs and Esch, 1987; Marcogliese and Esch, 1989). Accordingly, the zooplankton community in Belews Lake was examined concurrently with B. acheilognathi in mosquitofish to determine if changes in cyclopoid copepod population biology could be reReceived 3 November 1988; revised 8 February 1989; accepted 8 February 1989. * Present address: Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Marine Fish Division, Bedford Marine Institute, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2. t To whom reprint requests should be sent. lated to the population dynamics of the parasite in the definitive host. MATERIALS AND METHODS

TOGA‐COARE Workshop

The SURTROPAC group of the Centre ORSTOM de Noumea, New Caledonia, South Pacific, will host an international meeting on TOGA (Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Program) followed by a workshop for planning the TOGA‐COARE work (Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere Response Experiment) in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean. Joel Picaut of ORSTOM‐Noumea and Roger Lukas of the Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (JIMAR) of the University of Hawaii are joint convenors. The conference will be sponsored by France, the United States, and the International TOGA Project Office. Tentative dates for the meetingand workshop are May 24–30, 1989.

Hawaii organizes new school

The University of Hawaii, Honolulu, has brought together several existing Earth science programs to create a new School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology. SOEST will incorporate the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, the Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, the departments of Geology, Geophysics, Meteorology, Oceanography, and Ocean Engineering, the Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory, the Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, and the Sea Grant College Program. Charles Helsley is acting dean of the new school.In announcing the establishment of the new school, the University of Hawaii's president, Albert J. Simone, said that with the Exclusive Economic Zone, Hawaii is the second largest state in the nation. Hawaii hopes to see significant economic gains result from its new school; the technology developed at SOEST will have applications in energy production, ocean mining, agriculture, and many other fields.

Alaska organizes new marine school

The University of Alaska has reorganized its ocean sciences institutions and created a new School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences at Fairbanks. The new school combines the Alaska Sea Grant College Program with several of the university's marine, oceanographic, and fishery institutions that had been administered separately.The new school will have an annual budget of $13 million and about 50 faculty members. It will offer undergraduate and M.S. degrees in fisheries and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in oceanography. A Ph.D. in fisheries is planned. The R/V Alpha Helix, the research ship of the Institute of Marine Sciences, will be operated by the new school.

Overfishing and Coral Reef Degradation: A Preliminary Report from East Africa

Conservation BiologyVolume 1, Issue 2 p. 97-102 Overfishing and Coral Reef Degradation: A Preliminary Report from East Africa Timothy R. McClenahan, Timothy R. McClenahan Kenya Coral Reef Conservation Project P.O. Box 99470 Mombasa, KenyaSearch for more papers by this author Timothy R. McClenahan, Timothy R. McClenahan Kenya Coral Reef Conservation Project P.O. Box 99470 Mombasa, KenyaSearch for more papers by this author First published: August 1987 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.1987.tb00019.xCitations: 5 Funding was provided by the World Wildlife Fund/lnternational Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, with assistance from the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, School for Field Studies, Kenyan-Belgian Program in Marine Ecology, and the University of Nairobi Moana Marine Laboratory. N.A. Muthiga assisted in all phases of this project. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume1, Issue2August 1987Pages 97-102 RelatedInformation

Geophysicists

William W. Fox, Jr., has been appointed director of the Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS). He had been director of the Southeast Fisheries Center of the National Marine Fisheries Service since 1978. CIMAS was established in 1977 by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the University of Miami.Seven of the 689 U.S. Fulbright Scholars for 1982–1983 are lecturing and conducting advanced research in geology in universities abroad. Brian Francis Farrell, a research assistant in planetary studies at Harvard University, is lecturing in oceanography at the University of Cambridge in England through June. William B. Fergusson, associate professor of civil engineering at Villanova University, will lecture in geology at the Kangwon National University in Korea until July. Ray Edward Ferrell, Jr., geology chairman at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, lectured and conducted research in marine geology at the University of Oslo in Norway. M. Allan Kays, professor of geology at the University of Oregon in Eugene, will conduct research in geology at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark through April. Richard Vernon McGehee, associate professor of health education at Southeastern Louisiana University (University Station campus), will be lecturing in geology at the University of Monrovia in Liberia through July. Bruce Warren Nelson, a professor of environmental studies at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, will be lecturing in geology at the Universiti Malaya in Malaysia through April. Ronald Porter Willis, professor of geology at the University of Wisconsin—Eau Claire, will be lecturing in geology at the Seoul National University in Korea through July.

A comment on the calculation of atom percent enrichment for stable isotopes1

Limnology and OceanographyVolume 24, Issue 3 p. 593-595 CommentFree Access A comment on the calculation of atom percent enrichment for stable isotopes1 Thomas R. Fisher Jr., Thomas R. Fisher Jr. University of Maryland, Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies, Horn Point Environmental Laboratories, Box 775 Cambridge 21613Search for more papers by this authorEvelyn B. Haines, Evelyn B. Haines University of Georgia, Marine Institute, Sapelo Island 31327Search for more papers by this authorRichard J. Volk, Richard J. Volk Department of Soil Science North Carolina State University Raleigh 27607Search for more papers by this author Thomas R. Fisher Jr., Thomas R. Fisher Jr. University of Maryland, Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies, Horn Point Environmental Laboratories, Box 775 Cambridge 21613Search for more papers by this authorEvelyn B. Haines, Evelyn B. Haines University of Georgia, Marine Institute, Sapelo Island 31327Search for more papers by this authorRichard J. Volk, Richard J. Volk Department of Soil Science North Carolina State University Raleigh 27607Search for more papers by this author First published: May 1979 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1979.24.3.0593Citations: 6 †Supported by NSF grant OCE 76-82084 to T.R.F. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume24, Issue3May 1979Pages 593-595 RelatedInformation

Marine institute in Israel

Marine institute in Israel