Science Education Institutions Research Articles

Supporting Innovative Scalable Approaches to School-Based Mental Health: Development and Innovation Research at the U.S. Department of Education’s Institute of Education Sciences (IES)

Supporting Innovative Scalable Approaches to School-Based Mental Health: Development and Innovation Research at the U.S. Department of Education’s Institute of Education Sciences (IES)

Where is the Middle School Movement Today? Interrogating Consequential Organizations

In an effort to advance the middle school movement, this paper examines the research trends from three organizations that support middle grades educational innovation, assessment, and research: The Carnegie Corporation of New York, the Educational Testing Service, and the Institute of Education Sciences. Using an instrumental, multiple case study design, trends within and across these organizations regarding research on middle grades education were identified. We found trends across these organizations that reveal the following: They privilege quantitative methodologies; the research topics examined are limited in focus; and the end-result for much of their work results in exclusive products for sale. Further, each of these organizations has deep pockets that provide significant funds for their research projects and products.

Evaluating Entrepreneurial Intention Among Pesantren Students: Fostering Empowerment Through Education

This article aims to evaluate predictors and triggering factors of Muslim entrepreneurial intentions and their relationship to Islamic education, particularly in Islamic boarding schools as indigenous educational institutions. The study employs systematic literature review on two databases, namely Institute Of Education Sciences (ERIC) and Scopus, with the assistance of Publish or Perish version 8, spanning from 2015 to 2024. A total of 27 articles were found, with international index quality, consisting of 8 articles in Q1, 11 in Q2, 6 in Q3, and 2 in Q4, mostly using quantitative approaches. Meanwhile, the research objects consist of countries with Muslim populations, ranging from Indonesia, Pakistan, Iran, Malaysia, Bangladesh to Nigeria. Six instruments were identified for evaluation purposes, divided into two aspects: first, internal aspects including 1) empathy, 2) self-efficacy and internal locus of control, and 3) spiritual and religiosity motivation, and second, external aspects namely 1) moral obligation, 2) prior experiences, and 3) perceived behavioral support. Additionally, 4) leadership was also identified. All these factors serve as recommendations for policymakers to formulate and develop Islamic boarding school curriculum.

AN ANALYSIS BASED ON CONTENT ANALYSIS ON FEEDBACK-ORIENTED POSTGRADUATE THESES

Feedback has always been an important element of learning-teaching processes and has always been at the centre of research on this subject. In this context, a significant number of studies in the literature have examined the feedback element with different dimensions and revealed important clues on the subject. The main purpose of this study is to conduct a content analysis of the postgraduate theses on the theme of feedback from past to present in terms of subject and methodology. For this purpose, 68 theses made between 2000 and 2023 within the scope of Institute of Educational Sciences and Institute of Social Sciences programmes in state universities in Turkey were analysed. According to the results of the content analysis technique, it was determined that the theses were mostly conducted at the Master's level (n=51), the theses mostly focused on teachers' in-class feedback practices and their views on feedback, the theses were mostly in the fields of English language teaching and Computer and Instructional Technologies; limited studies were conducted on this subject within the scope of teacher education and teaching practice. The results of the research showed that new researches are needed to examine the element of feedback, which has an important place in the field of education, with different dimensions.

Molecular and genetics inquiry program using Drosophila eyes absent gene.

The aim of this study was to develop molecular genetics inquiry programs using the eyes absent gene of Drosophila melanogaster. The program was composed of various molecular genetics experiments, including mutation observation, cross-breeding, searching for genetic information in web databases, gDNA extraction, and PCR. Each experiment was designed to include a reasoning process, thus aligning the program closely with the structure of authentic scientific research. This program was also developed with a modular design to provide flexibility in its implementation. The program was implemented for middle school students affiliated with a university science education institute for the gifted, and surveys indicated that students had positive experiences with the program. Our findings suggest that the program provides students with a contextual understanding of how authentic research is conducted. Finally, we suggest ways to implement the program effectively.

INTERVENÇÕES E FUNÇÕES EXECUTIVAS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

The objective of this research was to map Brazilian research publications on interventions in executive functions. This is an excerpt from a lato sensu postgraduate course conclusion work. The PRISMA-ScR protocol was used, and the databases consulted in June 2023 were the CAPES Periodicals Portal, the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and the Institute of Education Sciences (ERIC), using the descriptors “Executive Functions” AND “Intervention” in Portuguese and English. 35 articles were selected, which were divided into three thematic axes, based on the reading and similarity of the intervention proposals, namely: interventional research with children and/or adolescents, studies with adult and/or elderly individuals and interventions with individuals with diagnoses in specific clinical conditions. As a result, the largest publication flow occurred between 2019 and 2021, the largest target population was children and the elderly, and the Southeast, South and Northeast regions stood out in relation to the number of publications. The use of technological resources stands out as a powerful tool for the development and rehabilitation of Executive Functions, as well as the practice of physical exercises and multicomponent training, involving physical, cognitive and psychological aspects, at any stage of human development. The identification of the available national scope regarding the topic is relevant for understanding activities and strategies already used and the possibility of new proposals, based on available studies.

An Investigation of Graduate Theses on Gifted Students Based on "Differentiated Instruction"

The aim of this research is to reveal the general status of graduate theses written on the basis of “differentiated teaching” with gifted students in Turkey. In this study, where basic qualitative research method is used, data were obtained by document technique examination. Descriptive analysis method was used in the analysis of the obtained data. In the determination of the graduate theses to be used in the study, the thesis screening electronic environment of the Higher Education Institution was used. In line with the findings of the study, most of the theses related to the differentiated teaching in the field of gifted people in Turkey were concluded within the Institute of Educational Sciences in 2014, where the most thesis was doctoral theses. The most studies are written within the Istanbul University. In addition, the methods used in research are mostly quantitative research patterns. The most used models in the theses are the parallel (running) curriculum model and integrated curriculum models respectively. Again, the most differentiated disciplines are mathematics, science and social knowledge respectively. The majority of the sample/working group of the research are 5th grade. When the results of the research are examined, it is recommended that differentiation models related to the superior talents be carried out with the courses at the secondary level (high school) level and with the students, qualitative and mixed method researches are also given weight and studies are carried out at the graduate level.

Salivary biomarkers as assessment of metabolic function and inflammation in children with obesity

Childhood obesity increases adult metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk. Using blood for long-term biomarker analysis in children is problematic because of the discomfort, pain, and anxiety associated with frequent blood draws. Noninvasive methods are vital for predicting childhood obesity complications. This study examined body mass index-for-age percentile scores (zBMI) as a predictor of salivary biomarkers of metabolism and inflammation, including insulin and C-Reactive Protein (CRP), over time. A school sample of 288 adolescents (Mage = 12.1 at study initiation; 46% female; 48% Black, 37% non-Hispanic White, 15% Hispanic or other minorities) were enrolled from greater Birmingham, Alabama. Participants provided salivary samples across four days once per year from 2019–2021. In year 1 of the study, 19% of adolescents were overweight, 18% had obesity, 6.6% had severe obesity, and 7.3% had very severe obesity based on the 2022 CDC Extended BMI-for-Age Growth Charts. Multivariable models showed that lower parental income was associated with an increased risk of obesity (OR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.85, 0.97; p = 0.009). Greater concentrated poverty, a measure of spatial distribution of socioeconomic deprivation, was associated with an increased risk of severe or very severe obesity (OR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.01, 2.46; p = 0.043). However, race/ethnicity was not associated with obesity risk. Longitudinal analyses showed that greater zBMI in year 1 was associated with greater salivary CRP ( β = 0.188, SE = 0.058, p = 0.001) and insulin ( β = 0.263, SE = 0.076, p<0.001) in years 2 and 3 of the study after adjusting for year 1 biomarker levels, sex, race/ethnicity, and concentrated poverty. Multivariable models indicated that an accelerated increase in zBMI/year was associated with an accelerated increase in CRP/year ( β = 0.119, SE = 0.048, p = 0.014), but there was no association between the rates of change in zBMI and insulin. Future analyses will incorporate additional hormones, such as adiponectin, and inflammatory cytokines measured in saliva. In conclusion, these results indicate that salivary biomarkers can capture physiological differences associated with zBMI in school-age children. Saliva may constitute a useful non-invasive tool for evaluating markers of inflammation and/or metabolism related to zBMI in children outside clinical settings. This research was supported by an Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education Grant (R305A180074) to SM and RE and a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute K99R00 Grant (1K99HL165091-01A1) to KMK. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

구름 분류 방법에 대한 연구

This study is based on the mentorship course in CNU Science Education Institute for the Gifted. Clouds are classified into ten types proposed by Luke Howard and documented in the Cloud Atlas. In this study, we performed the cloud classification using manual approach and machine learning techniques. A total of 365 cloud images were directly taken for the mentorship course. Initially, we visually assessed cloud features in each image and manually classified cloud images into 11 types considering cloud features. The 11 types were named according to their distinguishing features. Subsequently, cloud features in each image were quantified based on the HSV color space. We applied the quantified cloud features to decision tree and k-means clustering algorithm, resulting in classification of clouds into six and three types, respectively. The disparity in the number of classifications between manual and machine learning methods is originated from the relative less features derived from the cloud images and discrepancies between human intuitive criteria and those used in machine learning classification. In the further study, by utilizing a more extensive set of cloud features and samples, well-trained machine learning techniques will allow for a more precise classification of clouds. This is expected to enable the utilization of these results in short-term weather forecasts.

Numeracy Education for Adult Learners: A Scan of the Field and Principles for Course and Materials Design

Additional research is needed to improve adult numeracy instruction, training for instructors, and our understanding of the feasibility and impact of innovations in these areas. The Adult Numeracy in the Digital Era (ANDE) project, funded by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) at the U.S. Department of Education, seeks to develop and test an innovative, technology-enabled approach for improving adult numeracy and digital literacy instruction. We began this project guided by principles of user-centered design, specifically the principle of knowing the user’s wants and needs. We conducted a “field scan” of adult numeracy and digital literacy, by interviewing researchers, instructors, students; conducting classroom observations; and reviewing literature. We detail our key findings within two emergent themes: (1) extensive variability in learner backgrounds and readiness, instructors’ experiences, standards alignment, course structures, and classroom contexts; and (2) diversity of learner goals and the actions they and their instructors took as they worked together within the course and local policy contexts. We also identify three design principles to guide course development, suggesting that adult numeracy courses should be: aligned and relevant; interactive and participatory; and relationship-centered. These principles guided the design of our adult numeracy course, and we offer questions that current instructors can consider as they design their own adult numeracy lessons.

Perceptions of Psychological Counselors on Working with Clients From Different Cultures

The main purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of psychological counselors on working with clients from different cultures. Accordingly, the extent of the knowledge of psychological counselors on multicultural counseling approach and their perceptions of this approach, the theoretical competencies thereof, and cultural differences were examined in line with the main purpose of the study. The study was conducted using the basic qualitative design. The study group consists of 17 psychological counselors (eleven females and six males) who were continuing their post-graduate education at Gazi University Institute of Educational Sciences in the Spring Semester of the 2020-2021 Academic Year. Data were collected online with semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that a significant portion of the participants did not consider themselves theoretically competent in the multicultural counseling approach. It was further concluded that the majority of the participants had positive perceptions of cultural differences. On the other hand, the holistic evaluation of the answers indicated that the extent of knowledge and awareness of the significant portion of the participants on cultural differences are rather poor and insufficient. It is recommended to implement psychoeducational programs and training on the subject, to give compulsory courses on multicultural counseling approach in Guidance and Psychological Counseling undergraduate programs, and to direct students to exchange programs to experience cultural differences.

New and Not‐Well‐Known Research about Reading Disabilities: Teachers Want to Know

AbstractLaws, practices, and research about reading difficulties have been gradually and rapidly changing since the passage of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act in 1974. It is difficult for schools to keep up, especially when it takes approximately 16 years for research to reach widespread public knowledge. In this article, I frame the latest research about reading difficulties within the daily discussions occurring in schools. I address misconceptions and best practices about dyslexia, learning disabilities, screening, instruction, and a common, but unknown cause of reading difficulties—developmental language disorder. Research cited in this article come from studies funded by the National Institutes of Child Health and Development and the Institute of Education Sciences.

A thematic content analysis study on concept map oriented graduate theses between 2001 and 2023

The main purpose of this study is to examine the postgraduate theses on concept mapping in terms of purpose and method and to determine the general trends of the studies prepared within the framework of this theme. The data obtained for this purpose were analyzed by thematic content analysis method. The postgraduate theses published on the official website of the National Thesis Center of the Higher Education Institution in Turkey (YÖK TEZ) between 2001 and 2023 on concept mapping were scanned in line with the criteria for inclusion in the study. A total of 116 graduate thesis, 100 master's theses (MT) and 16 doctoral theses (DT), were included in the study. The inclusion criteria were "being within the specified date range", "being concept map-oriented", "being within the Institute of Educational Sciences and Social Sciences". The distribution of the theses within the scope of the research was examined according to the year of publication, type of publication, subject, method/pattern, sample/study group and size, type of data collection tools, data analysis methods and the department/science branch. According to the results of the research, it was determined that the theses examined were mostly aimed at examining the effect of concept maps on student achievement, were predominantly designed in experimental design, the sample/study group was mostly in the range of 51-100 participants, and the sample consisted mostly of primary and secondary school students. It is thought that the main results of this study will provide important clues to researchers working in this field. Within the framework of the results of the research, it can be suggested that different research methods should be utilized in new studies to be conducted in this subject area, especially qualitative studies should be designed to examine the subject.

An Investigation of Graduate Students' Views on Information Literacy

Information literacy, which is defined as the ability to access, evaluate, use and communicate information in different forms, has a special importance in every period of individuals' lives. The competencies sought in an information literate individual vary according to the level of education they are in; a linear relationship is established between the level of education and the areas of competence. The rapid development of technology and the subsequent information explosion have revealed the importance of qualified information, and societies have started to need individuals who access the right information, use it, produce and share it, and use technology effectively in these processes. It has become imperative for individuals to access the most up-to-date and accurate information in their own professional field. Information literacy qualifications of graduate students are of great importance in terms of both the studies they will put forward and their self-development. This study was carried out to determine the views of graduate students studying at a university in the 2022-2023 academic year affiliated to the Institute of Educational Sciences on information literacy. The information literacy interview form developed by the researcher was used as a data collection tool. Information literacy interview form developed by the researcher was used as a data collection tool. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the views of 20 postgraduate students affiliated to the Institute of Educational Sciences.Graduate students' views on the dimensions of information literacy were examined in the context of knowing, accessing, evaluating, using, ethical/legal issues. When the results of the research are examined, it is seen that graduate students see information literacy as the ability to use the stages of information literacy, determine the information they need when they encounter a problem situation, the sources of access to information are mostly the internet, question the accuracy of the sources in evaluating information, use information for academic development, and point out the presence of unrealistic information as a problem. In line with these results, it is suggested that information literacy should be added to the content of the research methods in education course, which is one of the courses taken by graduate students, and students should develop the skills of questioning the authenticity of the information obtained from the internet that they use in their academic development.

Rates of crime decrease on campus — except for sexual assault

Overall, crimes on college campuses were generally less prevalent in 2020 than a decade earlier — but forcible sex offenses increased. That finding comes from the Report on Indicators of School Crimes and Safety: 2022, released by the U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, and Department of Education.

Institute of Education Sciences: National Center for Education Research: Education Research (ED)

Institute of Education Sciences: National Center for Education Research: Education Research (ED)

APLICACIÓN POTENCIAL DEL ANÁLISIS TRANSCRIPTÓMICO EN LOS PLANES DE MANEJO DE INSECTOS PLAGA QUE AFECTAN EL SECTOR AGROPECUARIO DE PANAMÁ

<p><strong>Background.</strong> Insect pests, as well as other arthropods, constitute a constant threat to public health and food security and food sovereignty in a country. Although various techniques are currently used for integrated pest management, the search for new management alternatives is constant. In this sense, transcriptome analysis, which consists of the analysis of gene expression profiles of certain living organisms, could provide new alternatives<strong>. Objective.</strong> To determine the potential applications of transcriptomic analysis against insect pests in the agricultural sector in Panama. <strong>Methodology.</strong> The study was developed through the search for relevant information on transcriptome analysis applied within entomology. Search was performed in SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Dialnet, Web of Science, Springer Link, Ciencia.Science.gov, Scopus, Google Schoolar and ERIC (Institute of Education Sciences). <strong>Main findings.</strong> The analysis of transcriptomes is a tool to understand different biological, physiological, and molecular aspects of insects and other arthropods identified as pests in the Republic of Panama that put at risk the agricultural production of the country. <strong>Implications.</strong> Harmful arthropods have become more relevant in recent years due to climate change, invasive species and anthropogenic factors that increase the populations of these pest in Panama.<strong> Conclusion. </strong>The results indicate that transcriptomic analysis generates information about the existence of candidate genes, including those of harmful arthropods and natural enemies as predators, parasitoids and entomopathogenic microorganisms that could be used as targets to reduce the damage caused by arthropods to the agricultural sector.<strong></strong></p>

Subacute Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Freeze-Dried Fruits of Lipote (Syzygium polycephaloides (C.B. Rob.) Merr.) in ICR Mice

Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,3,504-513.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.3.053Published:June 2023Type:Original Article Authors:Ann C. Cayetano, Liezl M. Atienza, Maria Amelita C. Estacio, Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel, Mark Joseph Desamero, Roxanne P. Gapasin, Jonna C. Maniwang, Rohani C. Navarro, Dianne Jane A. Sunico, James Ryan D. Aranzado, Loraine C. Bainto-Ancheta, Joan I. Delomen, and Jonina Marie J. Tengco Author(s) affiliations:Ann C. Cayetano1, Liezl M. Atienza1,*, Maria Amelita C. Estacio2, Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel3, Mark Joseph Desamero2, Roxanne P. Gapasin2, Jonna C. Maniwang2, Rohani C. Navarro4, Dianne Jane A. Sunico1,5, James Ryan D. Aranzado1, Loraine C. Bainto-Ancheta3, Joan I. Delomen1, Jonina Marie J. Tengco1 1Institute of Human Nutrition and Food, College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), Laguna, PHILIPPINES. 2Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UPLB, Laguna, PHILIPPINES. 3Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, UPLB, Laguna, PHILIPPINES. 4Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, National Institute of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, PHILIPPINES. 5Department of Science and Technology-Science Education Institute DOST Compound, Bicutan, Taguig City, PHILIPPINES. Abstract:Background: Lipote (Syzygium polycephaloides (C.B. Rob.) Merr.) is an indigenous fruit in the Philippines with potential functions against obesity and non-communicable diseases, but limited literature was available on its safety. Objectives: This study investigated the subacute toxicity effects of freeze-dried fruits of lipote (Syzygium polycephaloides (C.B. Rob.) Merr.) on ICR mice. Materials and Methods: Ten male and ten female 6-week-old ICR mice were divided into two groups: (1) control (vehicle), and (2) lipote group, given with 2000 mg/kg body weight (BW) dose of freeze-dried lipote fruit powder reconstituted in distilled water. Results: After 28 days of oral gavage, the lipote group showed no significant changes on feed and water intake, and hematology and blood chemistry parameters were comparable with those of control group and published normal values. Body weights of all experimental animals also increased significantly (p<0.05), and no mortality, morbidity, or gross and microscopic morphological abnormalities of internal organs were noted. Conclusion: These results showed that 28-day oral consumption of freeze-dried lipote fruits is safe and has LD50 >2000 mg/kg. Keywords:Indigenous berries, Lipote, Subacute, Syzygium.View:PDF (1.19 MB)

Postgraduate Students' Perceptions of Supervisor and Qualifications that is Sought in the Supervisor Selection

In postgraduate education, the supervisor is a very important actor in terms of the quality of the education process. Therefore, how graduate students perceive supervisor is important in terms of the quality of the educational process. In this study, it was aimed to determine the postgraduate students’ perceptions of supervisor and qualifications sought in the selection of supervisor. It is thought that determining how the supervising faculty members are perceived by postgraduate students and what the criteria are for the selection of supervisors may contribute to the field in terms of understanding the student and supervisor relationship on an academic basis in postgraduate education. This research is a qualitative study. The phenomenological design was used in the study. 51 postgraduate students studying in various departments at Dicle University, Institute of Educational Sciences participated in the study in the 2017-2018 academic year. As the data collection tool, a semi-structured interview form was developed by the researchers and used in the study. According to research findings, the criteria that graduate students want to consider in the selection of supervisors are seen as “Having a good command of subject”, “Good communication skills”, “Guidance”, “Close to my field of interest”, “Openness to innovation”, “Having the knowledge of method”, “Entrepreneur”, and “Experienced”. The findings of this research can be used in supervisor training programs to be organized in the field of graduate education. Research can be conducted to examine the expectations of the supervisor from the graduate students.

Searching for Consistency in Attendance Data Recording, Reporting, and Utilization in the USA

According to the United States Department of Education (USDOE), 16% or over eight million kindergarten through twelfth grade students in the US missed 10% or more school days during the 2017−2018 school year. This is approximately 18 of 180 days required. We know this because schools are mandated to report their attendance data to their respective states and to the USDOE. There are concerns around accuracy and consistency because each state is allowed to compile data in their own way and report only select metrics to the USDOE to comply with federal guidelines. The consistency on federal metrics, nonetheless, allows for similar analyses at the federal and state levels and comparisons across states. To best understand what is reported, we report on data compiled by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) housed in the Institute of Education Sciences, the science branch of the USDOE, and describe how attendance data are collected, reported, and used at the national level. We share similar findings for two representative US states − Connecticut and Indiana − to highlight similarities and differences between them, and their “best practices.” Key results from these multiple levels of analyses are then discussed, with the goal of informing research, practice, and policy related to school attendance, so that students of all ages and from all backgrounds are provided the opportunity to obtain optimal benefits from schooling throughout their school careers.