Institute For Scientific Information Database Research Articles

Rapid Scientific Promotion of Scientific Productions in Stem Cells According to The Indexed Papers in The ISI (web of knowledge).

In recent years emphasis has been placed on evaluation studies and the publication of scientific papers in national and international journals. In this regard the publication of scientific papers in journals in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) database is highly recommended. The evaluation of scientific output via articles in journals indexed in the ISI database will enable the Iranian research authorities to allocate and organize research budgets and human resources in a way that maximises efficient science production. The purpose of the present paper is to publish a general and valid view of science production in the field of stem cells. In this research, outputs in the field of stem cell research are evaluated by survey research, the method of science assessment called Scientometrics in this branch of science. A total of 1528 documents was extracted from the ISI database and analysed using descriptive statistics software in Excel. The results of this research showed that 1528 papers in the stem cell field in the Web of Knowledge database were produced by Iranian researchers. The top ten Iranian researchers in this field have produced 936 of these papers, equivalent to 61.3% of the total. Among the top ten, Soleimani M. has occupied the first place with 181 papers. Regarding international scientific participation, Iranian researchers have cooperated to publish papers with researchers from 50 countries. Nearly 32% (452 papers) of the total research output in this field has been published in the top 10 journals. These results show that a small number of researchers have published the majority of papers in the stem cell field. International participation in this field of research unacceptably low. Such participation provides the opportunity to import modern science and international experience into Iran. This not only causes scientific growth, but also improves the research and enhances opportunities for employment and professional development. Iranian scientific outputs from stem cell research should not be limited to only a few specific journals.

Pesquisas sobre a lei Sarbanes-Oxley: uma análise dos journals em língua inglesa

The credibility crisis in the U.S. capital market arising from various accounting scandals resulted in the publication of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) in July 2002, focused on defining a set of rules in order to certify the accuracy of accounting information. Since SOX is directly reflected in financial statements, it should be took as a subject of investigation by various researchers. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to examine the SOX studies published in accounting journals contained in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) database on the list of journals with impact factor. Was selected eight accounting journals listed in ISI database on the list of journals with impact factor. The search included the period from 2002 to 2010 and reached a total of 23 papers in five journals. The research found that there is a concentration of publications related to SOX in the Journal of Accounting Research, Journal of Accounting & Economics and The Accounting Review. We found some homogeneity in the publications regardind the period and a group of six authors stood out from a total of 55 authors. From the 35 universities linked to the papers, 7 institutions deserve special mention in relation to the number of published researches. Internal control has been the most mentioned topic in the papers, including perspectives relating to internal control weaknesses, cost of equity, stock prices, quality of accruals and qualification and turnover of Chief Financial Officers.

“ANDROLOGY”—The New Journal of the American Society of Andrology and the European Academy of Andrology

“<i>ANDROLOGY</i>”—The New Journal of the American Society of Andrology and the European Academy of Andrology

Comparison of Brazilian researchers in clinical medicine: are criteria for ranking well-adjusted?

Quantifying the relative performance of individual scholars has become an integral part of decision-making in research policy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate if the scholarship rank of Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) researchers in Medicine is consistent with their scientific productivity. The Lattes curricula of 411 researchers (2006–2008) were included in the study. Scholarship category was the variable of interest. Other variables analyzed were: time since receiving the doctorate, teaching activity (undergraduate, master’s and doctoral students), number of articles published, and number of papers indexed by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and Scopus databases. Additional performance indicators included were: citations, h-index, and m-index. There was a significant difference among scholarship categories regarding number of papers per year, considering the entire scientific career (P < 0.001) or the last 5 years (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference among scholarship categories regarding the number of citations per article in the ISI (Thomson Reuters) database (P = 0.23). There was a significant difference in h-index among scholarship categories in both databases, i.e. (P < 0.001) and Scopus (P < 0.001). Regarding the m-index, there was a significant difference among categories only in the ISI database (P = 0.012). According to our findings, a better instrument for qualitative and quantitative indicators is needed to identify researchers with outstanding scientific output.

Producción científica peruana en medicina y redes de colaboración, análisis del Science Citation Index 2000-2009

To describe the Peruvian scientific production in indexed journals in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and the characteristics of the institutional collaborative networks. All papers published in the ISI database (Clinical Medicine collection) were included during 2000 to 2009 with at least one author with a Peruvian affiliation. The publication trend, address of corresponding author, type of article, institution, city (only for Peru), and country were evaluated. The collaborative networks were analized using the Pajek® software. 1210 papers were found, increasing from 61 in 2000 to 200 in 2009 (average of 121 articles/year). 30.4% articles included a corresponding author from a Peruvian institution. The average of authors per article was 8.3. Original articles represented 82.1% of total articles. Infectious diseases-related journals concentrated most of the articles. The main countries that collaborate with Peru are: USA (60.4%), England (12.9%), and Brazil (8.0%). Lima concentrated 94.7% of the publications and three regions (Huancavelica, Moquegua and Tacna) did not register any publication. Only two universities published more than one article/year and four institutions published more than 10 articles/year. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia published 45% of the total number of articles, being the most productive institution and which concentrated the most number of collaborations with foreign institutions. The ministry of Health--including all dependencies--published 37.3% of the total number of publications. There is a higher level of collaboration with foreign institutions rather than local institutions. The Peruvian scientific production in medicine represented in the ISI database is very low but growing, and is concentrated in Lima and in a few institutions. The most productive Peruvian institutions collaborate more intensively with foreign journals rather than local institutions.

Professor Ioannis Vardoulakis (1949–2009)

Professor Ioannis Vardoulakis (1949–2009)

Models of asthma: density-equalizing mapping and output benchmarking

Despite the large amount of experimental studies already conducted on bronchial asthma, further insights into the molecular basics of the disease are required to establish new therapeutic approaches. As a basis for this research different animal models of asthma have been developed in the past years. However, precise bibliometric data on the use of different models do not exist so far. Therefore the present study was conducted to establish a data base of the existing experimental approaches. Density-equalizing algorithms were used and data was retrieved from a Thomson Institute for Scientific Information database. During the period from 1900 to 2006 a number of 3489 filed items were connected to animal models of asthma, the first being published in the year 1968. The studies were published by 52 countries with the US, Japan and the UK being the most productive suppliers, participating in 55.8% of all published items. Analyzing the average citation per item as an indicator for research quality Switzerland ranked first (30.54/item) and New Zealand ranked second for countries with more than 10 published studies. The 10 most productive journals included 4 with a main focus allergy and immunology and 4 with a main focus on the respiratory system. Two journals focussed on pharmacology or pharmacy. In all assigned subject categories examined for a relation to animal models of asthma, immunology ranked first. Assessing numbers of published items in relation to animal species it was found that mice were the preferred species followed by guinea pigs. In summary it can be concluded from density-equalizing calculations that the use of animal models of asthma is restricted to a relatively small number of countries. There are also differences in the use of species. These differences are based on variations in the research focus as assessed by subject category analysis.

Sources of Google Scholar citations outside the Science Citation Index: A comparison between four science disciplines

For practical reasons, bibliographic databases can only contain a subset of the scientific literature. The ISI citation databases are designed to cover the highest impact scientific research journals as well as a few other sources chosen by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). Google Scholar also contains citation information, but includes a less quality controlled collection of publications from different types of web documents. We define Google Scholar unique citations as those retrieved by Google Scholar which are not in the ISI database. We took a sample of 882 articles from 39 open access ISI-indexed journals in 2001 from biology, chemistry, physics and computing and classified the type, language, publication year and accessibility of the Google Scholar unique citing sources. The majority of Google Scholar unique citations (70%) were from full-text sources and there were large disciplinary differences between types of citing documents, suggesting that a wide range of non-ISI citing sources, especially from non-journal documents, are accessible by Google Scholar. This might be considered to be an advantage of Google Scholar, since it could be useful for citation tracking in a wider range of open access scholarly documents and to give a broader type of citation impact. An important corollary from our study is that Google Scholar’s wider coverage of Open Access (OA) web documents is likely to give a boost to the impact of OA research and the OA movement.

A bibliometric analysis of global trends of research productivity in tropical medicine

The field of tropical medicine has a long history due to the significance of the relevant diseases for the humanity. We estimated the contribution of different world regions to research published in the main journals of tropical medicine. Using the PubMed and the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) “Web of Science” databases, we retrieved articles from 12 journals included in the “Tropical Medicine” category of the “Journal Citation Reports” database of ISI for the period 1995–2003. Data on the country of origin of the research were available for 11,860 articles in PubMed (98.1% of all articles from the tropical medicine category). The contribution of different world regions during the studied period, as estimated by the location of the affiliation of the first author, was: Western Europe 22.7%, Africa 20.9%, Latin America and the Caribbean 20.7%, Asia (excluding Japan) 19.8%, USA 10.6%, Oceania 2.1%, Japan 1.5%, Eastern Europe 1.3%, and Canada 0.6%. The contribution of regions, estimated by the location of the affiliation of at least one author of the published papers (retrieved from the ISI database), was similar: Western Europe 36.6%, Africa 27.7%, Latin America and the Caribbean 24.4%, and Asia 23.3%. The mean impact factor of articles published in tropical medicine journals was highest for the USA (1.65). Our analysis suggests that the developing areas of the world produce a considerable amount of research in tropical medicine; however, given the specific geographic distribution of tropical diseases they probably still need help by the developed nations to produce more research in this field.

Citation classics in Fertility and Sterility, 1975–2004

Citation classics in Fertility and Sterility, 1975–2004

Is society losing control of the medical research agenda?

Funding for medical research comes from three sources: government, charities, and industry. Research funded by industry should benefit the public, but as an aside to commercial interests. Patsopoulos et al...

The JID Legacy Project: Introspecting on Our Past

A legacy is something you inherit from the past and can bequeath to the future. Our journal's legacy includes 66 years of publication, and back issues of the JID are now available online from 1970. What can we see from this portion of our history? It is beyond the quaintness of people struggling at the limits of their techniques and the overall concepts of the day. It is an appreciation that some of today's best research may have the same aura of naivete in the face of the complex biological processes under investigation when that literature is read from the perspective of our intellectual descendents 35 or 100 years from now. Is humility the coat in which striving, even successful, scientists of today should clothe themselves? Is musing over our past most appropriately the province of very senior, white-haired—or no-haired—researchers?

Influential publications in ecological economics: a citation analysis

We assessed the degree of influence of selected papers and books in ecological economics using citation analysis. We looked at both the internal influence of publications on the field of ecological economics and the external influence of those same publications on the broader academic community. We used four lists of papers and books for the analysis: (1) 92 papers nominated by the Ecological Economics (EE) Editorial Board; (2) 71 papers that were published in EE and that received 15 or more citations in all journals included in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Citation Index; (3) 57 papers that had been cited in EE 15 or more times; and (4) 77 monographs and edited books that had been cited in EE 15 or more times. In all, we analyzed 251 unique publications. For each publication, we counted the total number of ISI citations as well as the total number of citations in EE. We calculated the average number of citations per year to each paper since its publication in both the ISI database and in EE, along with the percentage of the total ISI citations that were in EE. Ranking the degree of influence of the publications can be done in several ways, including using the number of ISI citations, the number of EE citations or both. We discuss both the internal and external influence of publications and show how these influences might be considered jointly. We display and analyze the results in several ways. By plotting the ISI citations against the EE citations, we can identify those papers that are mainly influential in EE with some broader influence, those that are mainly influential in the broader literature but have also had influence on EE and other patterns of influence. There are both overlaps and interesting lacunae among the four lists that give us a better picture of the real influence of publications in ecological economics vs. perceptions of those publications' importance. By plotting the number of citations vs. dates of publication, we can identify those publications that are projected to be most influential. Plots of the time series of citations over the 1990–2003 period show a generally increasing trend (contrary to what one would expect for an “average” paper) for the top papers. We suggest that this pattern of increasing citations (and thus influence) over time is one hallmark of a “foundational” paper. Data used in the analysis is available for download from the International Society for Ecological Economics (ISEE) web site to allow further analysis by interested readers.

Tapping the potential for health research in developing countries

Those of us who have long been involved in research concerning health problems in developing countries can look back with a sense of satisfaction on the progress made. Advocacy efforts have put the issue on the global agenda; we need to continue to advocate for increased investment and for further strengthening of the capacity that already exists in many developing countries. At the same time, the existing potential should be thoroughly tapped. A number of middle-income developing countries are already making significant investments in science and are contributing to the global knowledge pool. Public funding for health research in developing countries, as a whole, has been estimated by the Global Forum for Health Research to be at least US$ 2.5 billion in 1998 (1). Although this accounts for only 3% of the estimated global funding for health research and development, it is not insignificant. The UNESCO Institute of Statistics estimates that 27% of the total researchers in the world are in developing countries (2). If some developing countries are able to make the research investment to develop armaments, they could certainly make the much smaller commitment for health research. According to the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations (3), some developing countries are considered strong candidates for increased biopharmaceutical research and development, on the basis of an assessment of availability of scientists, quality of scientific research institutions, and technological sophistication. These include Argentina, Brazil, Chile, China, eastern European countries, India, South Africa and Thailand. Some ways of enhancing the productivity and impact of the health research community in developing countries may necessitate large investments, and they are worth it. Other ways are feasible with only a relatively small investment. The potential of developing country researchers will be enhanced if they are integrated into the international research community, if they forge mutually beneficial partnerships with researchers in developed countries, and if their work is better appreciated and supported by policy-makers. Researchers in developing countries need to overcome their sense of isolation, by having two-way access to the international production of knowledge. A number of initiatives are ongoing for improving online access to medical information for low-income countries (W4). More needs to be done to bring the work of scientists in developing countries to the attention of the global scientific community. In a recent study, articles by health researchers in south Asia comprised only 1.2% of all annual research on health topics in the Institute for Scientific Information database in 1992-2001 (5); the authors conclude this low proportion indicates how little is shared rather than the quantity of research carried out. Similar findings were reported from the field of tropical disease research (6). International development work has shown that encouraging trade and promoting investment are more effective than handing out aid, and are of benefit to both parties. …

The Thomson ISI Journal Selection Process

For more than four decades, Thomson ISI (Institute for Scientific Information) has been committed to a fundamental mission: to provide essential products and services that enable access to and management of the highest quality, most relevant materials for all participants in the research process. In 1958, Dr. Eugene Garfield started ISI by borrowing five hundred dollars from Household Finance. Current Contents ® of Chemical, Phamaco-Medical & Life Sciences was the sole product, covering 286 journals. Today the Thomson ISI database covers more than 16,000 international journals, books, and proceedings in the sciences, social sciences, and arts and humanities. This article describes the processes and standards that result in ISI's abstracting and indexing services. Serials Review 2003; 29:210–212.

The Thomson ISI Journal Selection Process

For more than four decades, Thomson ISI (Institute for Scientific Information) has been committed to a fundamental mission: to provide essential products and services that enable access to and management of the highest quality, most relevant materials for all participants in the research process. In 1958, Dr. Eugene Garfield started ISI by borrowing five hundred dollars from Household Finance. Current Contents® of Chemical, Phamaco-Medical & Life Sciences was the sole product, covering 286 journals. Today the Thomson ISI database covers more than 16,000 international journals, books, and proceedings in the sciences, social sciences, and arts and humanities. This article describes the processes and standards that result in ISI's abstracting and indexing services. Serials Review 2003; 29:210–212.

Publish and Perish?

SummaryThe publishing of research has implications for the evaluation of research careers, research departments, and funding for research projects. Researchers' academic evaluation relies heavily on the status of the journals in which they publish. The inclusion of one's work in the Science Citation Index (SCI) and the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) is often used as an indicator of academic quality. This is unfortunate for many environmental researchers, as their journals are not represented in the SCI and SSCI. Two investigations were carried out to determine the reasons for this. The first investigation identified 352 existing environmental academic journals, classified into seven categories (and several subcategories). Of these, two categories were not represented in the SCI or SSCI: environmental systems analysis journals and corporate environmental management journals. The second survey investigated the publishing patterns of interdisciplinary research groups and the characteristics of the journals in which they publish. In spite of acceptable citation levels, interdisciplinary environmental journals are excluded from the SCI and SSCI. A major reason seems to be that citations of their articles are uncounted by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), the organization producing the SCI and SSCI, because citations mostly take place in a group of journals completely unrepresented in ISI's database.

Recognition and international collaboration: the Brazilian case

The number of Brazilian publications in the Institute for Scientific Information database, ISI, increased significantly in the last 20 years, comprising more than 1 percent of the database in the last two years. The relationship between size and recognition of Brazilian science, estimated by number of ISI-indexed publications, p, and citations, c, obeyed a power law, c = k pn. The value of n, a known indicator of such relationship was 1.42 ± 0.04, significantly higher than that found for the whole set of ISI-indexed world publications. The recent growth of Brazilian publication was not solely due to international collaboration, since over the last six years international collaboration, estimated as the percentage of Brazilian publications having at least one foreign address, reached a constant value of ca. 30%. International collaboration increased the impact of Brazilian publications. Although the most frequent collaborating countries are those that produce the largest percentage of world"s science, Brazilian collaboration with Argentina and Chile exhibit impacts comparable to the major science producers.

Central international visibility of Brazilian psychiatric publications from 1981 to 1995

In this study, we examine the scientific output of Brazilian psychiatry, based on the databaseof the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), publications in the 10 most important psychiatricjournals, and publications in major Brazilian journals. The number of Brazilian publications (i.e.,those carrying at least one Brazilian address) in psychiatry in the ISI database increased by 168%during the 15-year period under study (1981-1995) . Despite this growth, the relative contributionof publications in psychiatry to the country's publications in medical sciences did not change overthe 15-year period. This fraction, around 2%, remained at less than one-third of the averagecontribution of psychiatry journals to publications in medicine worldwide. The impact inferredfrom number of citations (1981-1992) shows that Brazilian articles in psychiatry were cited lessthan the world average in this field. In the 10 psychiatry journals with the highest impact,Brazilian authors published only 48 articles in the 1981-1995 period, representing only 0.2% ofthe articles in those journals. Like their American and British counterparts, Brazilian psychiatristsalso published primarily in domestic journals: 87.1% of the publications by Brazilians appeared inthe two major Brazilian psychiatric journals, compared with only 12.9% in foreign journals.Among publications in psychiatry in the ISI database, the number of articles co-authored byBrazilians with scientists from other countries increased 12.3 fold from 1981-1985 to 1991-1995,representing at the end 50% of all publications by Brazilian psychiatrists in international journals.Despite all cuts in funding for Brazilian science during the last decades, all of the articles in oursample originated in public universities, and only 10 universities were responsible for ∼70% of thepublications by Brazilian psychiatrists in our survey period. We conclude that Brazilianpsychiatric research is a subject worthy of particular concern, especially if we take into accountthe country's modest scientific performance and the socio-economic consequences of mentaldisorders in the Brazilian population.

Scientific Publications in Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Western Europe, USA and Japan in the Years 1992–1996: A Global Survey

Aim: To evaluate number and quality of publications in gastroenterology, hepatology and digestive endoscopy from Western Europe (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland), Japan and USA over a recent 5-year period. Methods: We screened by computer for full liver/gastrointestinal-related articles and reviews the top 40% of journals (according to the annual rating of the SCI Journal Citation Reports; Institute for Scientific Information database) in most clinical and basic science disciplines in the years 1992–1996. To be credited with an article, a given country had to be the site of the first institution where the work was conducted. Papers were rated according to the impact factor of the Institute for Scientific Information and to the ratio impact factor/mean European impact factor. Data were also normalized for nondefense research and development expenditure. Results and Conclusions: As randomly tested, the computer search had an error of ± 5–10%. In Europe, Great Britain achieved the highest total impact factor and the highest number of papers. Most of the British impact factor came from publications in British journals. The total USA impact factor exceeded that of Europe by 20%. The average impact factor for a single paper was highest for the USA and, in Europe, for Germany. The temporal trend of total impact factor showed Spain improving by 9% per year, with Germany and Italy also displaying a substantial growth. Expressed per funds allocated in nondefense research and development, Great Britain and the USA had the highest cumulative impact factor.