Insomnia In College Students Research Articles

Evaluating a mobile application based intervention for insomnia in college students: a preliminary study

Objective: This study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a self-guided, mobile application for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I Coach) in a sample of college students. Participants: Data was collected from 55 students, who mostly identified as women (82%) and white (84%) and reported at least moderate insomnia symptoms based on the Insomnia Severity Index. Methods: Participants were randomized to either an intervention condition (i.e., 4 wk of CBT-I Coach) or a wait-list condition and completed self-report measures biweekly across the 8-week study period. Results: Nearly 70% of participants found the app moderately to extremely effective. The intervention group experienced a larger reduction in insomnia symptoms from baseline to post-treatment compared to the control group (g = 0.88). Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary evidence that utilizing a self-guided mobile intervention for insomnia among college students is feasible and components of the app were perceived to be moderately to highly effective.

Serial Mediation Analysis of Psychological Inflexibility and Daytime Insomnia Rumination in the Relationship Between Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep and Insomnia in College Students.

Emerging research suggests that psychological inflexibility may be a factor contributing to the development and maintenance of insomnia. However, less is known about the potential cognitive pathways that may explain this relationship. In this study, we investigated the serial mediating effects of psychological inflexibility and daytime insomnia-related rumination on the association between dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep (DBAS) and insomnia symptoms. The sample included 490 college students who underwent assessments at two time points over a 1-month period. The results of our mediational tests yielded significant indirect effects, supporting the prediction that psychological inflexibility and daytime insomnia rumination serially mediate the relationship between DBAS and insomnia. The study provides insights into potential mechanisms for insomnia, emphasizing the role of psychological inflexibility in perpetuating maladaptive cognitive processes associated with insomnia. Future researchers should explore other maladaptive responses to insomnia-related concerns and distress, such as worry and safety behaviors, and replicate findings in clinically elevated insomnia samples.

Efficacy and underlying mechanisms of three-circle post standing qigong on insomnia in college students: a four-arm, double-blind, randomized controlled trial protocol

BackgroundInsomnia is common in college students, but its impact on health and wellbeing is often neglected. Enhancing sleep quality through targeted interventions could improve overall health and reduce the risk of consequent co-morbidities and mental health problems. Qigong exercises have been shown to significantly improve sleep quality and relieve insomnia. Three-circle Post Standing (TCPS) can help integrate body, breath, and mind, a fundamental principle of Qigong that promotes holistic wellbeing. In this clinical trial, we aim to (1) evaluate the feasibility, safety, and therapeutic efficacy of administering TCPS to improve sleep quality and quality of life in college students with insomnia; (2) explore the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the mind adjustments mediated by TCPS in insomnia; (3) investigate body and breath pathophysiology mediated by TCPS in insomnia; and (4) assess the long-term efficacy of TCPS in terms of sleep quality and quality of life.MethodsThis will be a prospective, parallel, four-arm, double-blind randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of TCPS on college students with insomnia. One hundred college students meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia will be randomly assigned to receive either 14 weeks of standardized TCPS training (two weeks of centralized training followed by 12 weeks of supervised training) or sham-control Post Standing training. Efficacy outcomes including sleep quality, quality of life, neurophysiological assessments, plantar pressure, biomechanical balance, and physical measures will be collected at baseline, eight weeks (mid-point of supervised training), and 14 weeks (end of supervised training). Sleep quality and quality of life will also be evaluated during the four- and eight-week follow-up.DiscussionThis trial will be an important milestone in the development of new therapeutic approaches for insomnia and should be easily implementable by college students with insomnia. The neuro- and pathophysiological assessments will provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying TCPS.Clinical trial registrationThis trial has been registered in the China Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: ChiCTR2400080763).

Correlation of insomnia with perceived stress in college students

To investigate the prevalence of insomnia in college students and analyze the correlation between insomnia and perceived stress. A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence of insomnia and stress levels in 3702 college students using Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Insomnia was detected in 31.4% of the college students, and the symptoms were more severe in male students (t=2.047, P=0.041) and in those with poorer family economic conditions (F=20.423, P<0.001). Insomnia was positively correlated with perceived stress, perceived distress, and perceived coping ability, with correlation coefficients of 0.42, 0.38, and 0.31, respectively (P<0.001). The students with higher levels of perceived stress had higher insomnia scores (F=203.03, P<0.001) and higher detection rate of insomnia (χ2=359.784, P<0.001), and those with moderate or severe insomnia also had higher levels of perceived stress (F=293.569, P<0.001). The types of perceived stress among college students included incontrollable (15.3%), nervous (8.3%), vulnerable (23.0%) and the relaxed types (53.5%). The incontrollable type was associated with the highest insomnia scores, followed by the nervous type and susceptible type, and the relaxed type had the lowest insomnia scores (F= 185.969, P<0.001). The prevalence rates of insomnia in students with the 4 types of perceived stress were 57.3%, 43.3%, 39.3%, and 18.7%, respectively (χ2=368.876, P<0.001). There is a close correlation between perceived stress and insomnia, and identification of the high-risk population for insomnia from the perspectives of perceived stress level and perceived stress type can facilitate the management and prevention of insomnia.

Childhood maltreatment and insomnia in college students: The role of alexithymia and psychological distress

Insomnia, which is highly prevalent among college students, has been identified as one of the negative consequences of childhood maltreatment. While prior studies have uncovered distinct correlations between childhood maltreatment, insomnia, and other variables, the potential underlying mechanisms need to be further explored. This study focused on the chain-mediating role of alexithymia and psychological distress in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and insomnia. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among Chinese college students, yielding 999 valid questionnaires that included demographic information, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). A chain-mediating model was then tested. The results revealed significant positive correlations between each pair of the four variables. Alexithymia and psychological distress separately mediated the link between childhood maltreatment and insomnia (effect of alexithymia was 0.06 with 95 % CI [0.03, 0.09]; effect of psychological distress was 0.24 with 95 % CI [0.19, 0.29]). Additionally, a chain-mediating effect of alexithymia and psychological distress was observed (chain-mediating effect was 0.12 with 95 % CI [0.09, 0.15]). The findings suggest that emotional interventions may mitigate the long-term effect of childhood maltreatment on sleep problems among college students, by improving the ability to recognize emotions and decreasing emotional problems.

Predictors of insomnia among undergraduate students at Hawassa University Sidama, Ethiopia, 2023: a facility-based cross-sectional study.

Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing poor-quality sleep. People with this problem often have trouble falling asleep at night, wake up frequently during the night, and may wake up too early in the morning and feel tired and not refreshed. This can lead to daytime fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and impaired functioning in their day-to-day activities. Study is scarce in resource-limited countries such as Ethiopia, particularly concerning the study setting. As a result, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of insomnia and its associated factors among undergraduate students at Hawassa University. An institution-based cross-sectional study design was used. A stratified simple random sampling method was used among 398 study participants. The data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The outcome variable was assessed by the insomnia severity index (ISI). The data were then gathered by using the Kobo toolbox online and then exported into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27 to analyze the data. Data cleaning and screening were conducted exclusively by the investigators. Descriptive statistics like frequency, percentages, and mean were used. Bivariate and multivariate binary regression were performed. In multivariate binary logistic regression, a p-value of<0.05 was identified as a significantly associated factor with the dependent variable. Among 398 students who participated in the study, 81 (20.4%) experienced insomnia. Being female [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.56-5.69], age (AOR = 3.06; 95% CI 1.11-8.45), mild anxiety symptom (AOR = 4.89; 95% CI 1.56-15.37), and mobile device use ≥30 min just before going to sleep (AOR = 7.81; 95% CI 2.34-26.12) were significantly associated with insomnia. In this study, the prevalence of insomnia was one-fifth among university students, which is high when compared to another study at the national level. There were significant associations between being female, age, anxiety symptoms, and mobile device use before going to sleep with insomnia. This indicates that there is a need to treat and prevent insomnia in college students, emphasizing the necessity for mental healthcare and ethical technology use.

The relationship between childhood trauma and insomnia among college students with major depressive disorder: Mediation by the role of negative life events and dysfunctional attitudes

BackgroundInsomnia is a common problem among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). According to previous studies, the development and severity of Insomnia are influenced by childhood trauma experience. Furthermore, negative life events and dysfunctional attitudes may also mediate the impact. So, this study aimed to examine the association between childhood trauma, negative life events, dysfunctional attitudes and insomnia and investigate how negative life events and dysfunctional attitudes mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and insomnia in MDD. MethodThis cross-sectional study recruited 621 college students with MDD. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Life Event Scale (LES), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAMD-17) were used to assess participants' psychosocial factors. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, t-test, Pearson correlations, and serial mediation analyses were used in data analysis. In order to eliminate the influence of the severity of depression symptoms, severity of depression symptoms was used as a control variable in this study. ResultsThere were 166 (26.7%) participants having clinical insomnia (ISI score > 14). After controlling for the effect of severity of depression symptoms, results of serial mediation analyses determined that childhood trauma has a direct (Estimate = 0.109, 95%CI: 0.023,0.190) and indirect (Estimate = 0.090, 95%CI: 0.054,0.137) impact to insomnia. The indirect impact of childhood trauma on insomnia through the pathways of negative life events alone (Estimate = 0.050, 95%CI: 0.024,0.093), dysfunctional attitudes alone (Estimate = 0.027, 95%CI: 0.008,0.050), and negative life events to dysfunctional attitudes (Estimate = 0.013, 95%CI: 0.006,0.024) were significant. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that screening for childhood trauma should be considered when treating insomnia in college students with MDD. Managing negative life events and dysfunctional attitudes may mitigate the negative impact of childhood trauma on insomnia in college students with MDD.

Fear Related to COVID-19, Mental Health Issues, and Predictors of Insomnia among Female Nursing College Students during the Pandemic.

To estimate the prevalence of fear related to COVID-19, depression, anxiety, and insomnia among female nursing college students throughout the pandemic and to determine the predictors of insomnia. A web-based cross-sectional descriptive study used 145 female nursing college students. Students reported fear related to COVID-19, depression, and anxiety at rates of 79.3%, 30.2%, and 35.2%, respectively. Insomnia disturbed 24.7% of students. Anxiety predicted worsening insomnia in the student (AOR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.92-0.97, p &lt; 0.001). Fear related to COVID-19 was also a predictor (AOR = 0.96, 95% CI: 1.07-1.21, p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, when depression severity declined, the chance of insomnia improved (AOR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.85-0.91, p &lt; 0.001). Insomnia was more common in chronically unwell students (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.01-2.24, p &lt; 0.05). During the COVID-19 pandemic, university students' mental health should be monitored, and all essential safeguards should be taken, including resource allocation, awareness raising efforts, and the building of a mental health counseling facility.

The therapeutic effect of Taijiquan combined with acupoint pressing on the treatment of anxiety insomnia in college students: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

IntroductionSleep health is an important part of health and has become a common concern of society. For anxiety insomnia, the commonly used clinical therapies have limitations. Alternative and complementary therapy is gradually rising and showing remarkable effect in clinical practice. This is the first study to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Taijiquan combined with acupoint pressing in the treatment of anxiety insomnia in college students and to compare the difference in intervention before and after sleep, to choose the best treatment time.Methods and analysisThis is a multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. A total of 126 eligible subjects who have passed the psychological evaluation and met inclusion criteria by completing a psychometric scale will be randomly divided into treatment group A (treat before sleep), treatment group B (treat after sleep) and control group C (waiting list group) in a ratio of 1:1:1. All the three groups will receive regular psychological counseling during the trial, and the treatment groups will practice 24-style Taijiquan and do meridian acupuncture at Baihui (DU20), Shenting (DU24), Yintang (EX-HN3), Shenmen (HT7) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). This RCT includes a 2-week baseline period, a 12-week intervention period, and a 12-week follow-up period. The main results will be measured by changes in the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA). The secondary results will be measured by the generalized anxiety scale (GAD-7) and insomnia severity index (ISI). The safety of the intervention will be evaluated at each assessment. The statistical analysis of data will be carried out by SPSSV.26.0 software.DiscussionWe expect this trial to explore the effectiveness of Taijiquan combined with acupoint pressing in the treatment of anxiety insomnia in college students and choose the best treatment time by comparison.Clinical trial registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [ChiCTR2200057003].

The Smartphone Use and Insomnia Incidence in Health Students

The incidence of insomnia is often found in many people, especially at a young age, such as college students. The use of technology such as smartphones is suspected to be one of the causes of insomnia. This study aims to analyze the relationship between smartphone use and the incidence of insomnia in college students. This study uses a kuantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted on health students at various universities in Kendari City, namely FKM UHO, FK UHO, Pharmacy UHO, STIKES Mandala Waluya, ITK Avicenna and Poltekkes Kendari, class 2018-2021. The sample size of 400 respondents was taken using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Collecting data using an online questionnaire with google form media. Data analysis used chi-square test with 95% confidence level. Excessive smartphone use was identified in 387 (96.7%) respondents. A total of 372 (93.0%) respondents experienced insomnia. There is a relationship between smartphone use and the incidence of insomnia in health students in Kendari City (p = 0.00). Therefore, it is very necessary to limit activity and duration of smartphone use

0665 Mindfulness as a Protective Factor for Chronic Insomnia in College Students

Abstract Introduction College students are at high risk for developing insomnia and co-morbid psychological distress. The aim of this research was to assess whether the lack of endogenous mindfulness was a risk factor for insomnia. Methods In order to address this issue, an archival analysis was conducted with a data set from MUN where the relationship between chronotype, mental health, sleep quality, and social support was assessed (n=3,160; 2,266 women; X̅age=22 years). The proband subsample of interest were subjects that completed the HADS, MEQ, the ISI, and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). The MAAS is a 15 item self-report measure, where each item is scored on a six-point Likert scale. Scores range from 15-90, higher scores are indicative of greater mindfulness. In order to evaluate the relevance of mindfulness, the overall sample was split into two groups (endogenous mindfulness [average score of ≥4.2]): n=647; X̅age=22.4 years; nonendogenous mindfulness [average score of ≥4.2]: n=1,505; X̅age=22.04 years). Results Subjects (n=2,152) were between the ages of 18-35 (X̅=22+/- 3.72) and included primarily Caucasian individuals (86.6 %) and individuals who identified as female (71.7%). The means and ranges for the ISI, MAAS, and HADS were as follows: 9.0 + 5.6 (0-28), 3.7+.98 (1-6), and 5.3 + 3.9 (0-21), respectively. A correlation of -0.27 (p&amp;lt;0.001) was found for endogenous mindfulness (scale score range 1-6) and insomnia (scale score range 0-28) and -0.25 (p&amp;lt;0.001) for non-endogenous mindfulness (scale score range 1-6) and insomnia. Moderator analyses were conducted, and it was found that depression moderates the relationship between mindfulness and insomnia, (HADS depression, ΔR2 = .2, ΔF(3, 643)=57.6, p=.012, b=-.3, t(643)=-2.5 p&amp;lt; .05. Results should be interpreted with caution as the effect size was less than 0.1. Conclusion There was a relationship found, in both groups, between mindfulness and the ISI, where the scores on the ISI were lower when mindfulness was high. This suggests that there is a moderate linear relationship between mindfulness and insomnia. This association needs to be further evaluated in samples that have a broader range of ISI scores and with analyses that more carefully parse the moderating influence of depression. Analyses are ongoing. Support (If Any) Support: K24AG055602

Chronic Lumbar Pain and Insomnia in College-Aged Students.

Insomnia in college students has a significant impact on academic performance and mental health (e.g., depression). Although the mechanisms underlying insomnia and chronic pain are becoming clearer, only a few studies on college students have examined these factors by their location in the body. The purpose of the present study was to identify the location of chronic pain in the body most associated with insomnia in college students. A web-based survey was used to collect information pertaining to nine questions from 494 university students: sex, age, presence of chronic pain, intensity of chronic pain, location of chronic pain, and duration of chronic pain, as well as scores from the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. To examine the association between insomnia and the site of chronic pain, stepwise logistic regression analysis was conducted with AIS as the target variable. The results showed a significant positive correlation between chronic pain in the lumbar region and AIS scores. Future longitudinal studies including multiple factors are necessary to clarify the causal relationship between insomnia and chronic lower back pain.

Efektivitas pelatihan mindfulness untuk mengatasi insomnia pada mahasiswa

The goal of this study tested the effectiveness of Mindfulness training to overcome insomnia in college students.The number of participating subjects amounted to 8 people in the weight category, with four people in each group(experiment and control). Treatment was given to subjects in the experimental group as many as four meetings with11 sessions within one month. For control is given a mindfulness diary to find out the emotional condition and sleep of the subject. The study used the Jakarta Psychiatric Study Group – Insomnia Rating Scale as a pre-test and post-test to measure insomnia levels before and after treatment. The data analysis technique used in the study was the Mann-Whitney U Test. The results showed that the experimental group’s results (Mdn=7) were higher than those of the control group (Mdn=15.8). Mann-Whitney’s test results showed a significant difference in pain scores between the experimental and control groups (N experiment = 4, Control = 4, Z =-2,337; p=0.019). This can be seen in the decrease in insomnia score in the experimental group. Mindfulness training proved to be appropriate for overcoming insomnia in college students.

The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Insomnia in College Students in Qinghai Province: The Mediating Effect of Rumination.

Background: This study investigates the mediating effect of rumination on the associations between depressive symptoms and insomnia.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Ruminant Response Scale (RRS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were determined in 12,178 college students in Qinghai province by a questionnaire network platform.Results: The prevalence of insomnia was 38.6% in the participants. Insomnia symptoms [interquartile range: 6 (3, 9)], depressive symptoms [interquartile range: 5 (1, 9)], and rumination [interquartile range: 22 (20, 26)] were positively correlated (r = 0.25–0.46, p < 0.01). Mediation effect analysis showed that the depressive symptoms affected insomnia directly and indirectly. The direct effect and the indirect effect through rumination account for 92.4 and 7.6% of the total effect, respectively.Conclusion: The study shows that insomnia, depressive symptoms, and rumination are related constructs in college students in Qinghai province. It demonstrates the direct effects and the rumination-mediated indirect effects between depressive symptoms and insomnia; the direct effects seem to be dominant.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Correlates of Insomnia in China College Student During the COVID-19.

Objective: The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) broke out in Hubei Province and spread rapidly to the whole country, causing huge public health problems. College students are a special group, and there is no survey on insomnia among college students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and related factors of insomnia in college students during the period of COVID-19.Method: A total of 1,086 college students conducted a cross-sectional study through the questionnaire star platform. The survey time was from February 15 to February 22, 2020. The collected information included demographic informatics and mental health scale, Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) to assess sleep quality, Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) to assess general psychological symptoms, Chinese perceived stress scale (CPSS) to assess stress. We used logistic regression to analyze the correlation between related factors and insomnia symptoms.Results: The prevalence of insomnia, general psychological symptoms and stress were 16.67, 5.8, and 40.70%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender (OR = 1.55, p = 0.044, 95% CI = 1.00–2.41), general psychological symptoms (OR = 1.49, p < 0.01, 95% CI = 1.40–1.60) and living in an isolation unit (OR = 2.21, p = 0.014, 95% CI = 1.17–4.16) were risk factors for insomnia of college students.Conclusion: Our results show that the insomnia is very common among college students during the outbreak of covid-19, and the related factors include gender, general psychological symptoms and isolation environment. It is necessary to intervene the insomnia of college students and warrants attention for mental well-being of college students.

Effects of an email delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in college students.

This study aimed to examine the effect of an email delivered version of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) in college students with insomnia. The study used a two-group pre- and postdesign (N = 63). The intervention group received 6 weekly, email-delivered CBT-I sessions, and the comparison group received a link to a student wellness website for healthy sleep information. The intervention group demonstrated significant improvement in attitudes toward sleep, sleep quality, sleep hygiene, and daytime sleepiness from pretest to posttest. Furthermore, the intervention group showed more positive outcomes, compared to the comparison group at the posttest. An email-delivered sleep intervention is a feasible and easy-to-use tool that nurses can utilize to promote sleep quality among college students.

Binge drinking and insomnia in students from health sciences at one university in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

In spite of the many studies examining alcohol consumption, recent reviews have indicated that binge drinking has not been extensively studied. Furthermore, it is becoming increasingly clear that sleep is associated with many physiological functions and to drug addictions. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between alcohol binge drinking and insomnia in college students of health sciences. All first-year health sciences students (n=286) were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. Envelopes containing the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), and questions capturing sociodemographic data were distributed and collected in classes. It was found that most non-drinkers were female (70.6%), although there were no sex-related differences in the number of binge drinkers (more than 5 drinks on each occasion at least once a week), allowing statistical comparison. The Mann-Whitney U test indicated that the ISI scores were significantly greater in female than male binge drinkers (P=0.014). Moderate or severe insomnia was reported by 23% of the sample, with alcohol being the most frequently associated substance. A specialized intervention was suggested by ASSIST: brief for marijuana (19.2%) and tobacco (23.3%) use, and moderate (31.5%) or intensive (1.4%) for alcohol consumers. The data highlighted the need to pay attention to the habits of college students beyond obtaining scientific information. New data suggesting the influence of genetics on insomnia may be of importance when performing additional studies on the sex differences in alcohol binge drinking.

Relationship between coping style and insomnia in college students: the mediating effect of rumination

ObjectiveTo explore the mediating effect of rumination on coping style and insomnia in college students.MethodWe surveyed 767 college students from a university in Sichuan Province using Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS), and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ).ResultsThe prevalence of insomnia was 36.6% in the surveyed college students. Positive coping style was negatively correlated with the total score and scores in each dimension of RRS (r=-0.127~-0.116, P < 0.001), and was negatively correlated with the total score of ISI (r=-0.159, P < 0.001). Negative coping style was positively correlated with the total score and the scores in each dimension of RRS (r=0.298-0.334, P < 0.001), and was positively correlated with the total score of ISI (r=0.264, P < 0.001). The total score and the scores in each dimension of RRS were positively correlated with the total score of ISI (r=0.251-0.281, P < 0.001). Rumination had a partial mediating effect on both positive and negative coping style and insomnia.ConclusionCoping style affects insomnia in college students not only directly but also indirectly through the mediating effect of rumination.

Multiple mediating effects of intolerance of uncertainty, obsessive-compulsive and generalized anxiety on neuroticism and insomnia in college students

Objective To explore composited multiple mediating effects of intolerance of uncertainty, generalized anxiety symptoms and obsessive-compulsive symptoms between neuroticism and insomnia. Methods In this study, 405 university students were evaluated using several questionnaires, including Athens Insomnia Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire and Obsessive-compulsive.Inventory-Revised and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese. Results The scores of Athens Insomnia Scale(4.07±2.57), Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale(72.33±14.42), The Penn State Worry Questionnaire(40.57±10.35), Compulsive Activity Checklist-Revised(1.60±1.45) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scal(4.86±3.22) were positively correlated with each other(r=0.18~0.64, P 0.05; CFI=0.99; GFI=0.99; NFI=0.99; NNFI(TLI)=0.97; RMSEA=0.05. The results indicated that neuroticism directly affected insomnia(effect size 0.125), neuroticism affects insomnia through generalized anxiety symptoms(effect size 0.082) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms(effect size 0.053) respectively. Thus, generalized anxiety symptoms and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were parallel mediators.Neuroticism affects generalized anxiety symptoms through intolerance of uncertainty, and then affected the insomnia(effect size 0.022). And neuroticism affected obsessive-compulsive symptoms through intolerance of uncertainty, and then affected the insomnia(effect size 0.014). Conclusion The neuroticism personality of university students can influence insomnia through the multiple mediation model of intolerance of uncertainty, generalized anxiety symptoms and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Key words: Neuroticism; Insomnia; Intolerance of uncertainty; Generalized anxiety symptoms; Obsessive-compulsive symptoms; Multiple mediation model

Insomnia in College Students: Specificities Regarding Psychological Treatment

Insomnia in College Students: Specificities Regarding Psychological Treatment