Psychological Insights Research Articles

Accepting Technology in Aviation Safety Risk Management: an extension of the technology acceptance model

Aviation safety is paramount, and advancements in technology play a pivotal role in mitigating risks and enhancing operational efficiency. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been widely utilised to understand the adoption of various technologies across industries. However, its application within the context of aviation risk assessment requires nuanced considerations due to the unique operational environment and stringent safety requirements. This paper critically reviews existing literature on TAM and its adaptations in aviation risk assessment, identifying limitations and gaps. Drawing from interdisciplinary insights in psychology, human factors, and aviation safety, this paper proposes an enhanced framework for TAM tailored specifically to the aviation industry. The proposed model integrates key constructs such as perceived usefulness of technology in this area, trust in technology, system complexity, and organizational factors to provide a comprehensive understanding of technology acceptance within aviation risk assessment practices. By enhancing the TAM framework, this paper aims to offer valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and regulators involved in aviation safety management and technology integration efforts.

QOL-21. PSYCHOMETRIC VALIDATION OF THE FEAR OF CANCER RECURRENCE INVENTORY FOR PRIMARY BRAIN TUMOR PATIENTS

Abstract BACKGROUND Fear of cancer recurrence and progression (FCR) is a significant concern among those living with primary brain tumor and may be distinct compared to FCR in other cancer populations due to poorer prognosis, neurologic symptoms, and often lifelong treatment. The gold-standard comprehensive assessment tool for FCR–the FCR Inventory (FCRI)–includes 42 items with seven subscales. Validation of the FCRI scale excluded those with primary brain tumors. The present study is the first examination of the psychometric properties of the full FCRI in a heterogeneous sample of patients with primary brain tumors. METHODS Adult patients with primary brain tumors (n=334) completed the FCRI, with six additional brain tumor-specific items, and psychological, medical, and demographic questionnaires. In accordance with best practices of measure development, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on the FCRI at the subscale level. Correlations investigated construct validity. RESULTS EFA largely supported the overall psychometric properties of the original FCRI. Several subscales were unchanged: Psychological Distress, Functioning Impairments, Insight, and Reassurance. One brain tumor-specific item (researching treatments) exhibited good fit on the Coping Skills subscale. On the Severity subscale, one item (belief that the tumor will not return) did not fit with an otherwise strong one-factor model. Additionally, five new brain tumor-specific items demonstrated good fit with the Triggers subscale. The resultant FCRI-Brain includes 41 original FCRI items plus six new brain tumor-specific items. FCRI-Brain demonstrated good convergent validity with measures of depression (r=.72), anxiety (r=.75), and death anxiety (r=.80; ps<.05). CONCLUSIONS This is the first validation of the comprehensive FCRI in patients with primary brain tumors. Factor analysis identified a theoretically similar and brain-tumor specific seven-factor model for the FCRI-Brain. Item-level and subscale statistics will be presented, including factor iteration and construction. Future work will use the FCRI to investigate FCR intervention efficacy in neuro-oncology.

Echoes of Memory and Identity: A Psychological and Theoretical Analysis of the Ripple Effect in Kazuo Ishiguro's The Remains of the Day

This paper explores the psychological and literary dimensions of Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day, focusing on how memory and past choices impact the protagonist’s identity. Utilising Freudian psychoanalysis, Jungian archetypes, and cognitive dissonance theory, the study delves into Stevens’s emotional suppression, internal conflicts, and gradual self-awareness. Additionally, narrative and postmodern literary theories are applied to analyse Ishiguro’s narrative style, revealing the protagonist’s selective and unreliable memory. This interdisciplinary approach demonstrates how Stevens’s recollections and repressed emotions create a ripple effect that shapes his identity and underscores the human experience of introspection and regret. The findings highlight the intricate interplay between memory and identity and the significance of psychological insights in literary analysis.

A comprehensive review of behavioral biases in financial decision-making: from classical finance to behavioral finance perspectives

This paper offers a detailed analysis of the evolution of financial decision-making theories, focusing on the shift from classical finance to behavioral finance. Classical finance theories, including the Efficient Market Hypothesis and Modern Portfolio Theory, assume that investors behave rationally and that the market is efficient. However, these theories have faced criticisms highlighting the importance of considering irrational behaviors in financial markets. Behavioral finance addresses this gap by integrating psychological insights into financial decision-making. This study systematically reviews the literature on behavioral biases that affect individual investors, identifying fundamental biases and their impact on investment decisions. The analysis emphasizes the role of cognitive limitations and psychological tendencies in shaping market dynamics, influencing asset pricing, investment strategies, and market returns. The research also notes a shift in focus from market-level outcomes to the behavior of individual investors, with an increase in publications. The paper concludes that understanding investors’ biases is crucial for developing effective risk management strategies and investment recommendations, ultimately leading to improved market performance. The findings underscore the growing importance of behavioral finance in explaining investor behavior and market anomalies, highlighting areas for future research in this evolving field.

Acceptance as a possible link between past psychedelic experiences and psychological flexibility

Increased psychological flexibility (PF) may underlie the lasting positive effects of psychedelic experiences on mental well-being. The associations between different components of PF, psychological inflexibility (PI), and well-being with psychedelic use are not well understood. We conducted a cross-sectional internet survey of participants (N = 629) with experience of classical psychedelics. Using network analysis, we examined how aspects of a single psychedelic experience (mystical-type features and psychological insights) and the frequency of past psychedelic use, were associated with current PF and PI components, as well as with mental well-being and ill-being. Mediation analyses explored whether PF mediated the relationship between past psychedelic use and well-being or ill-being. The network analysis linked psychological insight to the PF component Acceptance, with no association found between the frequency of past use and PF. Mediation analyses showed PF mediates the association between past psychedelic use and well-being and ill-being. These results suggest that the quality and depth of the psychedelic experience, rather than the frequency of use, are primarily linked to psychological flexibility, particularly Acceptance, and overall well-being. This underscores the importance of treating PF as a multidimensional construct to better understand the long-term mental health benefits of psychedelics.

Avoiding siloed approaches: Integrating psychological insights into sustainable farming.

This study enhances our understanding of the psychological factors influencing farmers' adoption of sustainable farming practices, specifically those related to achieving NetZero emissions. It achieves this by integrating various psychological theories with practical farming methods within the context of Behavioral-Adoption and Purpose-Driven contexts. The research consisted of two studies. Study 1 employed Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to analyze responses from 438 UK farmers regarding their attitudes toward a series of Net Zero policy commitments, drawing on psychological theories including the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, the Theory of Planned Behavior, the Prototype Willingness Model, Implementation Intentions, Self-Determination Theory, Eudaimonia, and the Integrated Model of Health Literacy. The findings revealed a new Integrated Motivation Model for Sustainable Farming that comprises seven factors: Agricultural Commitment and Stewardship, Sustainable Farming Readiness and Confidence, Sustainable Incentive Engagement and Acceptance, Climate Adaptation Competence and Confidence, Net Zero Accountability and Reporting Commitment, Community Influence and Commitment in Sustainable Farming, and Innovation and Technological Competence. Study 2 validated these factors through the development of a 21-item Integrated Motivation Model for Sustainable Farming scale and use of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to confirm the 7-factor structure using a subsample of 418 UK farmers from Study 1 and an additional 230 US farmers. Furthermore, Study 2 tested the concurrent validity of the new scale by demonstrating significant associations with reported sustainable farming behaviors. These findings underscore the complex interplay of motivational, cognitive, and social processes influencing sustainable farming practices. The integrated psychological model developed through this research provides parsimonious and valuable insights for policymakers to foster sustainable practices in farming effectively. The confirmation of this model across farming populations enhances its generalizability and potential to guide targeted interventions aimed at achieving behavioral change in pursuit of Net Zero targets in agriculture.

Exploring the interplay of growth mindset, mindfulness, and L2 self-efficacy in second language achievement: a mixed-methods study

Abstract This mixed-methods study explores the interconnected influence of growth mindset, mindfulness, and second language (L2) self-efficacy on language achievement in intermediate English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. Quantitative data (n = 411) analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews (n = 19) reveal significant positive associations between all three factors and L2 achievement. SEM further clarifies the direct and indirect pathways through which these psychological elements impact learning outcomes. Qualitative findings enrich this understanding by showcasing learners’ lived experiences and the transformative power of these variables in fostering a supportive learning environment. Collectively, the results emphasize the importance of integrating growth-oriented beliefs, nurturing self-efficacy, and employing mindfulness practices in language education to optimize learning. This research offers notable insights for second language acquisition and educational psychology, informing educators, policymakers, and practitioners about effective strategies for promoting successful language learning journeys.

NEURO-LINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING ELEMENTS IN ADVERTISING: CRAFTING PERSUASIVE DISCOURSE

This study explores the application of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) principles inadvertising, focusing on how these elements enhance persuasive discourse. NLP is a psychological approach that examines the interplay between language, behavior, and thought patterns, providing valuable insights into consumer decision-making processes. The research aims to identify specific NLP techniques—such as anchoring, reframing, and the use of sensory language—and analyze their effectiveness in creating compelling advertising messages that resonate with target audiences. Through a mixed-methods approach, this study evaluates a selection of advertising campaigns that successfully employ NLP strategies. Qualitative analysis of consumer responses and quantitative assessments of campaign performance metrics reveal a significant correlation between the useof NLP elements and improved consumer engagement and conversion rates. The findings suggest that advertisements incorporating NLP techniques can effectively influence perceptions, emotions, and behaviors, ultimately leading to higher brand loyalty and sales. This research contributes to the understanding of how language and psychological frameworks can be strategically utilized in marketing to enhance persuasive communication. It highlights the need for advertisers to adopt NLP principles to craft messagesthat not only capture attention but also drive meaningful consumer interactions. The implications of these findings underscore the importance of integrating psychological insights into advertising practices, paving the way for future studies in the intersection of psychology and marketing.

PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MUSICAL AND AESTHETIC CULTURE AMONG STUDENTS

This article explores the pedagogical and psychological characteristics and factors that contribute to the development of musical and aesthetic culture among students. Recognizing the significance of musical engagement in educational settings, the study begins by defining musical and aesthetic culture and outlines its importance in fostering creativity, emotional expression, and cultural awareness. The interplay between pedagogical approaches and psychological development is highlighted through case studies that showcase successful educational practices. Moreover, the article identifies challenges and barriers faced in promoting musical and aesthetic culture, offering strategies for educators to overcome these obstacles. Ultimately, this study underscores the need for an integrated approach that combines pedagogical and psychological insights to enrich students' musical and aesthetic experiences, calling for further research and practical applications within educational frameworks. By fostering a supportive and enriching environment, educators can significantly enhance the cultural and artistic development of their students, preparing them for a more expressive and interconnected world.

ScamGen: Unveiling psychological patterns in tele-scam through advanced template-augmented corpus generation

Telephone scams, with their profound psychological impact, often compel victims to make hasty and severe decisions. Studying these scams is challenging due to the scarcity of comprehensive datasets, a result of the private nature of telephone interactions. In this paper, we introduce ScamGen, a template-based data augmentation technique designed to enhance Chinese telephone scam data. ScamGen leverages psychological insights to generate diverse and realistic scam scenarios, focusing on the psychological dynamics between scammers and victims. This novel approach integrates psychological theory with data augmentation, diverging from traditional methods by emphasizing scammer–victim interactions. Our method begins with a multi-source data collection framework, compiling an initial seed dataset of tele-scam samples. Using sentence- and word-level perturbations, we expand this seed data to create a comprehensive and diverse dataset covering a wide range of scam scenarios. Rigorous evaluations demonstrate that ScamGen outperforms large language models in generating high-quality, varied datasets. Additionally, we develop five deep learning models for intent detection on this dataset, with BERT achieving the highest precision at 86.68%. The dataset, which will be made publicly available, marks a significant step toward understanding scammer tactics and improving tele-scam detection systems.

Low-dose psilocybin in short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks: results from an open-label phase Ib ascending dose study.

Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks (SUNHA) are trigeminal autonomic cephalalgiasthat feature intense and recurrent paroxysms of pain and autonomic symptoms. Many patients are left with debilitating symptoms despite best-available treatment. Psychedelics, such as the serotonin 2A partial agonist psilocybin, have shown promise in related disorders such as migraine and cluster headache. In this open-label phase Ib ascending dose study, we aimed to assess the effects of low-dose oral psilocybin with psychological support in six to 12 patients with chronic SUNHA. Study objectives were to determine effects on cognition, as well as safety, tolerability, and effects on headache severity and frequency. Oral psilocybin in ascending doses of 5, 7.5, and 10 mg (one dose per session; three dosing sessions in total) were administered. Cognition was assessed via the Cambridge Neuropsychological Tests Automated Battery. Headache attacks were assessed via headache diaries and the six-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6). Subjective dose intensity was assessed via the five-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire (5D-ASC). The study was terminated early due to recruitment difficulties; four patients were enrolled, three of whom were study completers. Post hoc, we undertook a thematic analysis of the applicable free-text clinical trial notes from the dosing and subsequent visits (n = 22). An inductive method was employed to establish emergent themes. No significant adverse events were recorded. We were unable to collect data as planned on cognitive function during the acute experience due to high ratings of subjective dose intensity (mean 5D-ASC scores 37.8-45.7). The impact of the headaches remained severe throughout the duration of the trial (HIT-6 mean scores 64.3-65.7). There were limited effects on headache duration and severity based on the diaries; however, mean daily attack frequency decreased by >50% in two participants at final follow-up (22.9 to 11.0 and 56.4 to 28.0, respectively). Completing participants and their clinicians recorded "much" (two participants) or "minimal" improvements (one participant) at final follow-up via the Clinical Global Impression rating scale. Thematic analysis indicated that psychological insights were key features of participants' experience; these insights included re-configured relationships to their headache pain. The study met with recruitment difficulties and cognition could not be assessed during the acute experience due to subjective dose intensity, likely mediated in part by expectancy effects. The clinical results provide no conclusive evidence for the use of psilocybin in SUNHA. We suggest that accounting for psychological factors in chronic SUNHA may be an important facet of treatment.

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MEDIATION IN EDUCATION

This article explores the psychological aspects of mediation within educational settings, focusing on how psychological factors influence the effectiveness of conflict resolution. The study highlights the significance of emotions, cognitive biases, and interpersonal dynamics in the mediation process. It examines key psychological theories relevant to mediation, the role of emotional intelligence, and the impact of cognitive processes on conflict outcomes. The article also discusses practical strategies for enhancing mediation practices through psychological training and interventions, supported by case studies and real-life examples. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating psychological insights into mediation to improve outcomes in educational environments. Future research directions are proposed to further understand and optimize the psychological dimensions of educational mediation.

Change in occupational burnout measures in emergency medical service workers after a psychedelic experience induced by a single self-administered dose of psilocybin mushrooms

AbstractBackground and AimsThis naturalistic mixed methods field study, aimed to assess the potential of a psilocybin induced experience, to help Emergency Medical Service Workers (EMSW) to address psychological and stress related symptoms stemming from a challenging working environment, known to contribute to occupational burnout (OB).MethodsThis exploration was conducted with an intentional sample of five participants, recruited through an online survey who self-administered a therapeutic dose of psilocybin mushrooms to manage psychological symptoms resulting from their work as EMSW, allowing the authors to assess the outcome. To measure the impact of the experience, changes in OB measures were assessed with psychometric instruments previously used in this population at three timepoints, before and after the session. The subjective impact of the psychedelic experience, through psychological insights and emotional breakthroughs, was also assessed, and two follow-up interviews were conducted to collect further data.ResultsThe results showed that, two weeks after the session, a visible improvement was noticed in several measures of pre-existent OB, that remained stable after two months. Additionally, most participants reported a strong subjective impact, that they perceived as fundamental for the positive outcome.ConclusionsAfter one therapeutic psylocibin session, several measures of OB showed an encouraging level of improvement and may constitute an important step towards finding alternative and innovative solutions to address high rates of psychological distress experienced by EMSWs, also benefiting the organization and the quality of patient care. The limitations and implications of the study and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Good decisions in an imperfect world: a human-focused approach to automated decision-making

ABSTRACT Legal rules are based on an imagined regulatory scene that contains presumptions about the reality a regulation addresses. Regarding automated decision-making (ADM), these include a belief in the ‘good human decision’ that is mirrored in the cautious approach in the GDPR. Yet the ‘good human decision’ defies psychological insight into human weaknesses in decision-making. Instead, it reflects a general unease about algorithmic decisions. Against this background I explore how algorithms become part of human relationships and whether the use of decision systems causes a conflict with human needs, values and the prevailing socio-legal framework. Inspired by the concept of Human-Centered AI, I then discuss how the law may address the apprehension towards decision systems. I outline a human-focused approach to regulating ADM that focuses on improving the practice of decision-making. The interaction between humans and machines is an essential part of the regulation. It must address socio-legal changes caused by decision systems both to integrate them into the existing value system and adapt the latter to changes brought forth by ADM. A human-focused approach thus connects the benefits of technology with human needs and societal values.

Within-subject comparison of near-death and psychedelic experiences: acute and enduring effects.

Mystical-like states of consciousness may arise through means such as psychedelic substances, but may also occur unexpectedly during near-death experiences (NDEs). So far, research studies comparing experiences induced by serotonergic psychedelics and NDEs, along with their enduring effects, have employed between-subject designs, limiting direct comparisons. We present results from an online survey exploring the phenomenology, attribution of reality, psychological insights, and enduring effects of NDEs and psychedelic experiences (PEs) in individuals who have experienced both at some point during their lifetime. We used frequentist and Bayesian analyses to determine significant differences and overlaps (evidence for null hypotheses) between the two. Thirty-one adults reported having experienced both an NDE (i.e. NDE-C scale total score ≥27/80) and a PE (intake of lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin/mushrooms, ayahuasca, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, or mescaline). Results revealed areas of overlap between both experiences for phenomenology, attribution of reality, psychological insights, and enduring effects. A finer-grained analysis of the phenomenology revealed a significant overlap in mystical-like effects, while low-level phenomena (sensory effects) were significantly different, with NDEs displaying higher scores of disembodiment and PEs higher scores of visual imagery. This suggests psychedelics as a useful model for studying mystical-like effects induced by NDEs, while highlighting distinctions in sensory experiences.

Evaluation of Top Journals and Authors in Behavioral Economics: A Bibliometric Approach

Behavioral economics has become an essential subfield within economics, integrating psychological insights to better understand decision-making processes. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to evaluate the evolution of behavioral economics, identify key research themes, and map the contributions of influential authors. Using data sourced from the Google Scholar database, the study analyzes publication trends, co-authorship networks, and the temporal development of research areas. The findings reveal that core concepts such as behavioral finance, public policy, and experimental economics continue to dominate the field, while emerging areas like consumer behavior and insurance indicate new research directions. The co-authorship analysis highlights the importance of collaboration among scholars in shaping the field's development. These insights provide valuable implications for researchers, educators, policymakers, and funding bodies in guiding future research, curriculum development, and resource allocation. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the intellectual structure and trajectory of behavioral economics.

Integrating Psychological Insights into Aesthetic Medicine: A Cross-Generational Analysis of Patient Archetypes (IMPACT Study).

Aesthetic medicine has evolved significantly, accommodating diverse demographics and motivations influenced by societal shifts and technological advancements. The IMPACT (integrative multigenerational psychological analysis for cosmetic treatment) study refines patient archetypes, integrating psychological theories to tailor treatments, especially for younger demographics and LGBTQIA + communities. This cross-sectional study utilized a comprehensive, validated survey with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89 and a Content Validity Index (CVI) of 0.92, distributed across a globally diverse, generationally stratified sample. Techniques like regression analysis, ANOVA, Bayesian modelling, and factor analysis were employed to analyse the data, focusing on developing nuanced patient archetypes. Among 5645 participants, 5340 complete responses highlighted significant generational differences in aesthetic preferences. Millennials showed a strong preference for non-invasive procedures (β = 0.65, p < 0.001). ANOVA results confirmed significant variances across generations [F (3, 5118) = 157.6, p < 0.001], with post-hoc analyses delineating specific inter-group differences. Bayesian modelling provided insights into the probability of non-invasive preferences among younger cohorts at over 92% certainty. Factor analysis revealed key dimensions such as 'Generational Influence' and 'Technological Adoption,' which helped in defining archetypes including Dynamic Self-Identity, Digital Native, Stability Seeker, Classic Conservatism, and Holistic Health, collectively explaining up to 78% of the variance in responses. The IMPACT study underscores the influence of generational identity and digital exposure on aesthetic preferences, advocating for personalized, archetype-based treatment approaches. This aligns with enhancing patient satisfaction and treatment outcomes, promoting an adaptive aesthetic medicine practice that meets the evolving needs of modern patients. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Effectuating international law against corruption: Behavioral insights

Abstract International law against corruption is mainly based on individualized criminalization and deterrence, including legal persons. Implicitly, since corruption is a white-collar crime, the conventions assume self-interested rational actors. That was the state-of-the-art thinking when the international conventions against corruption were developed around the turn of the millennium. This is the correct starting point but has failed to deliver the expected results. The United Nations (UN) has turned to behavioral science but the UN Office for Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is lagging behind and behavioral approaches have played a minor role. I submit that they can enrich the set of instruments by using (social)psychological insights. This article discusses additional tools based on behavioral insights and new social science methods used to gain a more holistic understanding of corruption. It makes concrete substantive and institutional suggestions for fighting corruption which could be taken up by UNODC and in international (soft) law. It also discusses the limitations.

Religious Dietary Practices: Health Outcomes and Psychological Insights From Various Countries.

Religious beliefs profoundly influence dietary practices across diverse cultures and communities, guiding what foods are acceptable, how they are prepared, and the timing of consumption. This narrative review examines the intricate relationship between religious dietary practices and their health and psychological well-being implications. Religious dietary practices, deeply rooted in various cultural and historical contexts, significantly influence followers' food consumption patterns. This narrative review aims to discuss how religions such as Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism prescribe specific dietary laws and guidelines, impacting nutritional intake and health outcomes. Furthermore, it delves into the psychological mechanisms, such as cognitive dissonance and social identity theories, that underpin adherence to these dietary practices. The review also highlights the role of community and social support in reinforcing dietary habits within religious contexts, contributing to mental health and social cohesion. By synthesizing insights from nutrition, psychology, and religious studies, this narrative review aims to provide healthcare providers with culturally sensitive dietary advice, ultimately improving patient care and promoting holistic health. Religious dietary practices provide numerous health benefits, including reduced risks of chronic diseases and enhanced mental well-being, achieved through disciplined and conscientious eating habits. Nevertheless, these practices also pose nutritional challenges that necessitate meticulous management and dietary planning.

Psychedelic use and psychological flexibility: The role of meaningful intention and decentering

AbstractBackgroundPsychedelic use and its impact on well-being is garnering a lot of research attention, however, little has been done to understand the potential associations between multiple characteristics of the psychedelic experience and psychological flexibility (PF), which encompasses a conscious awareness of thoughts and behavior, allowing individuals to adapt to new experiences and perceive multiple explanations or solutions for life events.AimsThe current study examines the psychedelic correlates of PF. It was hypothesized that intention, comfort and safety during the experience, decentering, mystical experiences, ego-dissolution, and insight would be significantly associated with greater reports of PF.MethodsData used for the regression analysis were from 114 participants who had used one of the classic psychedelics (LSD, Psilocybin, Mescaline, DMT, Ayahuasca, 5MeO-DMT) and were recruited from postings on Twitter (now X) and within psychedelic-based groups on Facebook and Reddit to fill out an online survey. Standard assessments used include the Experiences Questionnaire, Mystical Experience Questionnaire, Ego-Dissolution Inventory, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, Psychological Insight Questionnaire, and Religious Salience Scale.ResultsAfter controlling for sociodemographics (age, income, religious salience, number of psychedelic experiences), self-perceived meaningful intention and decentering remained significantly associated with greater psychological flexibility.ConclusionsThese results expand upon existing literature on psychedelic use and its impact on well-being by exploring specific characteristics of the psychedelic experience. Understanding the importance of intention and decentering can provide a pathway by which psychedelic users, guides, and researchers can further understand the psychedelic experience and its effects.