Innovative Transport System Research Articles

A Multidisciplinary Approach for the Sustainable Technical Design of a Connected, Automated, Shared and Electric Vehicle Fleet for Inner Cities

The increasing volume of personal motorized vehicles (PMVs) in cities has become a serious issue leading to congestion, noise, air pollution and high land consumption. To ensure the sustainability of urban transportation, it is imperative to transition the current transportation paradigm toward a more sustainable state. Transitions within socio-technical systems often arise from niche innovation. Therefore, this paper pursues the technical optimization of such a niche innovation by applying a technical sustainability perspective on an innovative mobility and logistics concept within a case study. This case study is based on a centrally managed connected, automated, shared and electric (CASE) vehicle fleet which might replace PMV use in urban city centers of the future. The key technical system components of the envisioned mobility and logistics concept are analyzed and optimized with regard to economic, ecological and social sustainability dimensions to maximize the overall sustainability of the ecosystem. Specifically, this paper identifies key challenges and proposes possible solutions across the vehicle components as well as the orchestration of the vehicles’ operations within the envisioned mobility and logistics concept. Thereby, the case study gives an example of how different engineering disciplines can contribute to different sustainability dimensions, highlighting the interdependences. Finally, the discussion concludes that the early integration of sustainability considerations in the technical optimization efforts of innovative transportation systems can provide an important building block for the transition of the current transportation paradigm to a more sustainable state.

Assessing Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing for Urban Air Taxi Services: Key Parameters and Future Transportation Impact

Urban air mobility (UAM) enabled by electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft presents an innovative transportation system for mega-cities. An analysis of the techno-economic feasibility of eVTOL air taxis can provide insights into the development and potential impacts of this emerging mobility solution. This study examines eVTOL configurations and proposes a conceptual model for eVTOL air taxi services. A generic cost–revenue model is developed to evaluate the economic feasibility using the rate of return-on-investment approach. Two critical parameters are identified—maximum voyage and price per kilometer. The modeling analysis shows that eVTOL air taxis can achieve a positive rate of return given realistic assumptions on the critical parameters. Reductions in operating costs and increases in maximum voyage range improve financial viability. With technological advancement, eVTOL air taxis are expected to transform urban transportation by increasing capacity and flexibility. The techno-economic analysis provides useful implications for urban planning and policy regarding this innovative mobility mode.

Developing an Alternate Mineral Transportation System by Evaluating Risk of Truck Accidents in the Mining Industry—A Critical Fuzzy DEMATEL Approach

The innovative transportation system is a pertinent need for the mining industry. Truck haulage is currently the most common mode of mineral transportation between the excavation sites and end use plants. However, besides being resource-intensive and inefficient, this mode of transportation accounts for a high number of accidents and injuries. In order to reduce the occurrence of accidents, it is important to first understand the primary contributors to truck-related occupational risks and then develop strategies to eliminate such risks. The available literature predominantly advocates for the use of statistical or probabilistic methodologies that suffer from considerable limitations. This paper utilizes the Fuzzy DEMATEL (Fuzzy Decision-Making Trial Evaluation Laboratory) approach to conduct an in-depth assessment of the critical factors that result in mining accidents involving trucks and the relationships between these factors, presented using a cause-and-effect diagram. The study also includes a sensitivity analysis for validating the robustness of the fuzzy model. The results show that high speed and aggressive driving is the most important causal factor behind accidents. The negative impact on socio-economic conditions of local community members is also discussed. Among other preventive measures, the paper emphasizes the pipe conveyor system as an alternate and safer mineral transportation system.

Comparative Study of The Sustainability Transport Systems

Purpose: Compare of the sustainability transportation systems between Indonesia and Germany. Learning implements some lessons learned from the German experience to the development of transportation planning in Indonesia to support sustainable land use and transportation by comparing and analyzing the probability of converting and adopting reducing private transportation, landscape, financing mechanisms, and transport mechanism between Germany and Indonesia.
 Design/methodology/approach: Analyzing obtained data based on the comparison's parameters framework.
 Findings: Potentially, a parameter that can be set to develop a better transportation system for environmental and people safety, or even to reduce the congestion that occurs in most of Indonesia's metropolitan areas.
 Research limitations/implications: Since the study location is in fact somewhat distant, the information that is gathered to analyze the comparison is only chosen from each country's broad outline and is not otherwise specified.
 Practical implications: Finding solution for a better sustainable transportation in Indonesia that can be implemented.
 Originality/value: The analytical framework that is implemented in this comparative study is a methodically innovative approach form of developing an Innovative Transport System that is to aim a better use of transport network.
 Paper type: Literature Review

An advanced intermodal service network model for a practical transition to synchromodal transport in the US Freight System: A case study

• Provide managerial insights for synchromodal freight transportation network designs in long haul transportation. • Present routing models based on MIP for a free mode choice network with different intermodal terminal schedules and delays. • Develop a genetic algorithm to solve the model for an advanced intermodal service network design. Free mode choice, termed “synchromodality,” is an extension of intermodal service network design and is still in the early stages of modeling development. European countries have already started moving toward realizing this innovative transportation system. However, advancement in global transport with longer distances is rare and needs more infrastructural preparation and studies to clarify the steps for such a transition. In this paper, an advanced intermodal service network model (AI-SNM) is proposed to support the development of synchromodal transportation systems. This mixed-integer programming (MIP) model finds the optimal path between O/D pairs while considering horizontal integration of variant transport modes in a supply chain network along with resource constraints and time windows. It minimizes the total transportation cost, transshipment cost, and tardiness with a penalty for delays at intermodal terminals and overdue costs at the destination that accounts for the opening and closing times of the terminals. In order to solve the model for large problem instances, an efficient multiobjective genetic algorithm using a novel coding approach is developed. The algorithm is tested on two US-based case studies, showing the capability of the model to provide cost- and time-saving advantages in long-haul freight. The results of this study can be applied to long-distance global transportation with similar geography and scale.

Reducing CO2 emissions in transportation systems: technologies for electric vehicles powering

This paper illustrates innovative transport systems for the power supply of electric vehicles as a replacement for the plug-in system. Different technologies for energy transfer are being developed worldwide: three of them are more mature, but other may come. Nowadays, the mainly three systems under development are the following: overhead cable power supply system, ground contact power supply system and the contactless wireless charging methodology using the Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer system.In particular, the last-mentioned methodology will be described in detail, the materials research experience involved the 'Laboratory of Applied Research for Innovation and Technology Transfer' at the University of Parma.Among the main differences are that recharging technology by aerial contact and the scientific application of ground contact for vehicle recharging has been developed and applied particularly to heavy vehicles such as trucks and buses. On the other hand, the wireless recharging system is tested and applied not only for heavy transport vehicles but also for small transport vehicles such as cars.

СПРЯМОВАНИЙ СИНТЕЗ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ СИСТЕМ: ЗАГАЛЬНІ ПРИНЦИПИ, ПОЛОЖЕННЯ ТА МОДЕЛІ

A new approach to the process of synthesis of innovative transport systems is proposed. The proposed method has a number of significant advantages over existing methods. The main ones are guaranteed access to the required structures and parameters, less time-consuming and reduced time. Keywords: transport systems, synthesis of systems, directional synthesis, innovative transport systems.

Hyperloop, HeliRail, Transrapid and high-speed rail systems. Technical characteristics and cost-benefit analyses

During recent years several innovative technology systems have been conceived with the purpose to produce ever faster and more efficient transportation systems (TS) such as the Transrapid, Hyperloop and HeliRail that could provide numerous potential benefits over the traditional railways including the High-Speed Railway (HSR) system. These TS are examined from a technical point of view and are compared to each other by cost-benefits analysis. Benefits (B) and Costs (C) taken into consideration both in Financial and Economic analysis are those of each unconventional transportation system (i.e. Transrapid, Hyperloop and HeliRail) with respect to the HSR system. A case study has been considered (line length: 500 km, traffic demand: 15 million passengers for direction). The results demonstrate that from a financial point of view all the innovative TS are worse in comparison with the HSR system. The economic indicators show that the most advantageous system is the HSR because the other ones give rise to values of the Economic Net Present Value (ENPV) < 0. Alternative types of TS in comparison with HSR system are unsustainable since, for each of these, it results ENPV <0 and benefit-cost ratio B/C < 1. Sensitivity analyses of Financial and Economic indicators in function of the traffic demand levels (range 1–21 million passengers/year) and line lengths (range 100–800 km) have been carried out to identify the most appropriate transportation system for given boundary conditions. The outcomes prove that the best mass public transport system is still today the HSR, except in special cases.

Formation of innovative transport and logistics systems as a factor of the EAEU member countries sustainable development

The article provides a comparative analysis of the innovative and technological development of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union and foreign countries. The features of integration associations and the role of innovations and transport in their functioning are determined. It is shown that in the innovation sphere, the Eurasian Economic Union lags behind most developed countries: the Eurasian Economic Union member states are practically absent in the high-tech market, innovations are mainly carried out in low- and medium-tech industries. Insufficient provision of the Eurasian Economic Union with the most important types of production equipment renders negative impact on national security. Thus the differentiation of innovative development of the Eurasian Economic Union countries is considered in the article. Methodological approaches to substantiating the priority areas of formation and development of the innovation system of the Eurasian Economic Union and the participating countries are presented, taking into account the peculiarities of their scientific and industrial complexes. A methodology for assessing the priority of creating innovative and transport cluster development centers in the participating countries and their regions, focused on supporting the competitiveness of various technological level industries, is proposed. The results of calculations on the priority of the formation of centers for innovative cluster development are presented.

The model of Nur-Sultan City regional transport and logistics system formation

The issues of forming regional transportation and logistics systems, as well as the characteristics of transportation infrastructure of Nur- Sultan City, are discussed in this article. One of the Republic of Kazakhstan’s primary strategic objectives is the development of internal transportation infrastructure. As a result, the strategy places a special emphasis on the growth of the domestic market for transportation services. This is directly tied to the area’s innovative transportation and logistics systems development. The authors investigated the challenges of integrating the republic’s regional transportation networks into worldwide transportation and logistics commodity distribution systems in this regard. In particular, the creation of the Regional transport and logistics system (RTLS) of Nur-Sultan city was investigated. The RTLS of Nur-Sultan City has been studied for concerns with its operation. It is offered a model for the construction of a regional transportation and logistics system. The suggested model’s main goal is to improve the efficiency of RTLS activities by ensuring that the region’s commodity market interacts optimally with international and domestic transportation infrastructures.

Analysis of the possibility of using solar energy for the energy supply of the innovative ELTRO transport system for Myanmar

Background: The development and research of the applicability of various mathematical models for calculating the solar radiation of companies is an urgent task for the innovative transport system of Myanmar.&#x0D; Aim: Determination of the daily balance of energy generated by solar panels to perform a given operation of the transport system.&#x0D; Materials and methods: Mathematical, algorithmic and software (based on the Python language) have been developed for energy supply and creation of interactive geo-information models for the ELTRO transport system.&#x0D; Results: To estimate solar resources at a point with coordinates ( = 19.76 s. w.; = 96.07 w. d.), data from the databases "NASA", "Meteonorm" and the Myanmar GMS were used and compared with the actual data on the Myanmar GMS database in order to determine the reliability of the information presented in them.&#x0D; Conclusion: The results obtained made it possible to determine the structure of the solar energy supply system and the parameters of typical solar energy modules that provide energy supply not only to the transport system, but also to the adjacent territories.

Design and implementation of a smart ridesharing transportaion system: BusNet platform

Today the world is moving faster than ever with the latest technologies and increasing demands. In this busy world, the transportation system is taking a lot of burdens. Public transport has become very vital and is seen as a solution to many problems such as traffic congestion, increased demand for mobility in economically driven areas, high transportation costs and whatnot. Especially, the countries that are well-populated or facing problems due to the increasing number of automobiles are constantly looking for practical solutions to solve such issues. The need for an innovative transportation system inspired the authors of this paper to propose BusNet Ridesharing platform. The platform intends to form a bus network system that would offer services like that of Uber and Careem, but the only difference is that it serves a large number of passengers on each trip. The platform provides passengers with lower price rates while maintaining a high profit for the driver. It also provides a safe, accessible and affordable service to each passenger. The platform has areas that need improvement and hence some future work ideas have been discussed too.

Innovative Urban Transport System – Autonomous and Locally Low-Emission

In recent years, intensive research on urban transport has been observed. The search is about finding such solutions that will enable, among others: increasing the importance of public transport, matching transport for the needs of people with reduced mobility, increasing capacity, reducing emissions, energy efficiency (technical and organizational dimension through the organization of transport on demand), increasing the vulnerability to recycling and remanufacturing. The paper presents the main concept and technical solutions of the innovative transport system – HMASSUT Prometheus (Hybrid Modular Autonomous System for Sustainable Urban Transport), which combines the concepts of personal rapid transport and an electric vehicle at the L4 autonomy level (according to the Society of Automotive Engineers classification). An assessment of the effectiveness of an innovative transport system using indicators used in road engineering is given in the paper. The concept of simulation and optimization of the transport network is presented together with the theory of cellular automata.

Comparison of conventional high speed railway, maglev and hyperloop transportation systems

Increasing the speed of transportation has been a subject that human beings have been working on for many years. Because of insufficient traffic corridors, the interest of more passenger in limited time and the advancement of railway technology, the high-speed ground transportation systems have developed. Nowadays, these time-saving transportation systems are becoming important increasingly and systems that will ensure these are implemented and new ones are being researched. High speed ground transportation systems can be divided into three categories: Conventional high-speed railway, Maglev and Hyperloop transportation system. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to investigate the advantages and disadvantages aspects of high speed transportation systems by comparing in terms of speed, capacity, energy consumption, cost and environmental effects. Conventional high-speed railways can provide high capacity, comfort and safety and reliability thanks to enormous operational experience as regards other systems. The Maglev technology can offer more remarkable travel times, energy efficient and better operational performance. However, high investment cost and incompatibility with other modes are seen the disadvantage features of this technology. The Hyperloop technology is a considerable innovative transportation system which is popularized with publishing design document by Elon Musk in 2013. Projected high-speed and appealing travel times can be evaluated as the advantages of the Hyperloop transportation system. However, there are safety, reliability, comfort and engineering design challenges to overcome in this technology. Taking everything into consideration, the Hyperloop transportation system has potential to be an alternative mode to other systems.

МЕТОД ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ТРАНСПОРТНИХ СИСТЕМ

The proposes of article is a fundamentally new method of designing innovative transport systems is the method of developmental design. The object of study to innovative transport systems as part of the general technosphere of the Earth. The purpose of the work is to determine the methods of improving the technical level of innovative transport systems and approaches to their development using scientific knowledge that is on the verge of the world knowledge threshold. The method of developmental design refers to methods of increasing the flexibility of the system while maintaining consistently high operational and economic performance of the system. Research method: system analysis and complex structural-parametric optimization. The existing methods of designing innovative transport systems are based on a combination of heuristic and computational approaches. They provide for the initial formation of the concept of innovative transport systems, the definition of their structural compositions on the basis of intuitive-reflex procedures and the subsequent calculation of technical and economic indicators of all elements of innovative transport systems. A distinctive feature of the existing methods is the insufficient formalization of the first phase of design, and, as a result, insufficient predictability of obtaining the necessary solutions, the lack of guarantees for solving problems in general. This feature, together with the need to automate engineering work and harmonize relations in the system “Nature – Technology – Man” creates the need to find other design methods that would provide more efficient procedures and synthesis results. Keywords: innovative transport systems, innovative development, developmental design, system approach.

Mathematical Simulations of Air Exchange Processes in Evacuated Tube Transport

The purpose of this research is to study theoretical aspects of the movement of a vehicle in an evacuated tube transport in conjunction with air exchange processes in a vacuum-free tube-type transport system. Tube-type transport systems with insulated internal cavities have a number of advantages over other means of delivering goods and passengers over long distances. However, for the movement of rolling stock in a pipeline (tunnel) at a high speed, it is necessary to use complex and expensive design solutions that can completely eliminate the undesirable influence of piston effects. One of such solutions is the Hyperloop-type evacuated tube transport systems. As an alternative solution, it is proposed to use a vacuum-free transport system, in which piston effects are leveled by using an external air exchange system. The study obtained theoretical results that confirm feasibility and effectiveness of the process of regulating these parameters for a vacuum-free method of reducing piston effects. The developed guidelines for the implementation of the process of regulating the parameters of the air exchange system ensure the achievement of target values of speed driving modes of the vehicle. The results of the use will improve the efficiency of train traffic control in a vacuum-free transport system, as well as replenish the base of theoretical knowledge necessary for further development of innovative transport systems.

Vehicle energy consumption as factor of combined power plant parameters’ definition

The development and creation of innovative transport systems, environmentally friendly and energy-efficient vehicles must be considered as the strategic direction of the global transport industry. The equipment improving and its operation modes optimization allows efficient use of available traction drive resources. The implementation of innovative technologies using modern storage devices and non-traditional fuels provide high-efficiency electricity usage by the electrical complex. The hydrogen fuel usage is considered in this article as one of the common areas of electric vehicles development. Hydrogen is the first element of the Periodic Element System and the most common in the universe. On Earth, by the number of atoms in compounds (17%) Hydrogen is second only to oxygen (52%). Hydrogen is non-toxic - combustion products are water vapors, it has the highest combustion heat per unit of mass compared to other types of fuels. All these factors, coupled with the current trends of the widespread implementation of energy-saving technologies, are encouraging the world’s car companies to move from the advancement of the traditional car to the design of new types of vehicles using Hydrogen as the primary source of energy.

The newest public transport system applied to turbo roundabouts

An integrated study based on the development of road infrastructure related to transport modes is one of the main methods to reduce both social and safety and pollution impacts. In this sense, optimal planning aims to reduce the use of private vehicles and reduce pollutant emissions and accidents. In general, the most successful cities have been those where different types of interventions have been applied in an integrated way to reinforce each other. This paper aims to show the impact of the existence of innovative public transport systems, such as the bus rapid transit. In particular, an unconventional urban intersection geometry – namely, the turbo roundabout – was chosen for investigation. The assessment of pollutant emissions was analysed by traffic microsimulation with the Vissim 9 software program, comparing different geometry scenarios with or without the presence of dedicated lanes and taking into account the ascent and descent areas that are reasonably far away from the typical manoeuvres of an urban at-grade intersection.

Regional Policy of the Russian Railways in THE Context of Depopulation. Geopolitical and Socio- Demographic Aspects

Railway transport have unique geopolitical and socio-economic importance for the Russian Federation, providing transport links between most regions, connecting the Asian and European parts with each other and some foreign countries, as well as holds together such a territorially large state as Russia in transport and socio-economic relation. In this regard, the problem of the development of transport systems in strategic regions of Russia, as well as the specifics of the regional policy of Russian Railways in the context of demographic problems and the geopolitical position of these territories, is becoming especially urgent. It is significant that the main connecting element of the infrastructure of the Asian part of the country is the rail transport. The research of the authors showed that the demographic and migration situation in the Russian regions is to a certain extent dependent on the density of the railway network. Then higher the density of railways, the more attractive regions in terms of migration are. And, on the contrary, in regions with a low density of railways, there is a steady trend of the migration outflow of the population. At the same time, demographic forecasts show that in the absence of promising infrastructure projects, negative trends in migration outflow and natural population decline are highly likely to continue, and, therefore, in the medium term, the population of the eastern regions will decline. In our opinion, for the effective spatial development of the territories of Siberia and the Far East, it is necessary to form a network of modern multimodal transport hubs and international transport corridors that take into account the climatic and demographic aspects of the development of the eastern territories of Russia. In addition, international competition for promising transport projects is constantly growing, which, given the low efficiency of the location of productive forces and the unused spatial potential of the Russian economy, becomes a significant geo-economic threat. The presented article examines the influence of the transport infrastructure level development for the system of settlement and trends in the socio-economic development of geostrategic territories of Russia; identified trends in the spatial and socio-economic development of the eastern territories located near the main railway lines; analyzed the demographic situation and migration trends in the eastern territories in the context of the personnel needs of the railway complex; strategic directions for the formation of personnel policy and replenishment of labor resources at Russian Railways have been developed. In addition, recommendations were developed to improve the efficiency of the spatial development of Siberia and the Far East based on the development of railway transport and promising projects for the formation of innovative transport systems.

TRANSPORT INNOVATIONS AS A FACTOR AFFECTING THE MODERNIZATION OF TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY BACHELOR'S TRAINING AT UKRAINIAN UNIVERSITIES

The article concentrates on the analysis of modern innovations and development trends in the transport system from the global perspective. It looks at the main consequences the introduction of such technological advancements will have for society as a whole emphasizing the required changes in the transportation industry and transport technology professionals` knowledge and skills. The paper aims to draw a parallel between the innovative development tendencies in transport technologies and the state of professional training of bachelors majoring in specialty 275 “Transport technology” at Ukrainian universities. The study is based on the following methods: structural and system analysis, systematization, comparison and synthesis of information sources, experience, and achievements in this field, as well as pedagogical design for modeling the possibilities of applying the obtained results in the national educational practice. The article highlights the main transport technology development trends (computerization as well as the development and implementation of technological solutions that make transport more environmentally friendly, energy-efficient and cost-effective, stepping up the requirements for industry employees` professional training); the state of transport technology bachelors` training at the institutions of higher education in Ukraine is identified as satisfactory; it is carried out in the direction of knowledge formation and development of skills mostly in traditional transport-related disciplines. However, the training content should be complemented by courses in information technology and innovative transport systems and processes