Innovative Search Research Articles

The Unintended Impact of R&D Tax Credits on Innovative Search

Abstract Research and development tax credits often aim to increase investment in experimentation, hoping that firms invent fundamentally new technologies that in turn generate positive spillovers. Since most policies require that companies make profits in order to claim credits, they might also shift investments towards less risky refinement and exploitation. Following the availability of credits, we demonstrate that firms do not experiment but deepen invention in areas of extant expertise. We observe stronger shifts for firms operating in uncertain markets where search failures are more likely to reduce credit eligibility.

The limits of learning engagement and academic leadership within the higher education digitalization process - analysis by using PLS SEM.

There is convincing evidence that the learning environments digitalization of tools and equipment ultimately results in the speed and depth learning involvement of academia members, by raising attainment of each of the digital learning experiences. The majority of the research that was conducted on the topic of enhancing the digital skills of learners, which would ultimately lead to an increase in their active engagement, was conducted on students in primary and secondary education, leaving members of higher education outside of the scope of the study. Given the uninterrupted search for academic performance and innovation, the current research considers the technological changes that lead to the transformation of the traditional academic learning environments as previously known. The current paper considers the changes in the learners' engagement in the context of the dually digital transformation of the higher academic multi-institutional digitally-learning enhancements. An important factor to be considered regards the leadership evolution (in terms of teaching) that over time, led to a different speed contextual shift, according to its effectiveness, leading to higher or lower students learning (dis)engagement. The current manuscript aims to examine how the higher education digitalization levels could affect the student's learning engagement, under the close monitoring of the academia leadership styles practice. Data collection and analysis implied at first a qualitative approach by issuing an online-distributed survey that resulted in a number of 2272 valid responses. After performing structural equation modelling and proving a valid assessment tool, the analysis resulted into statistically proving the validity of two main hypotheses according to which students learning engagement has a positive effect on the practice of academic leadership. Additionally, results emphasized the fact that higher education digitalization has altogether a negative effect of students learning engagement. Consequently, the current study stresses on the importance of different peers' categories in the context of higher education institutions performance, with an emphasis on the different levels of students' engagement and the leadership styles evolution and practice, aspects uniformly developing within a continuously digitally transformation of the higher education environment.

Coordination of NPCs in multi-agent systems based on behavior trees

Abstract. This paper addresses the design and coordination challenges of controlling non-player characters' (NPCs) behaviors in multi-agent systems (MAS) using behavior trees (BTs), which are preferred over finite state machines (FSMs) due to their hierarchical structure and ease of maintenance. While BTs effectively resolve the question of "What to do next?" for individual NPCs, their application in MAS, particularly with the integration of a blackboard system for central control, reveals limitations in efficiency, robustness, and heuristic capacity as system complexity increases. To explore solutions to these challenges, this study analyzes various algorithms that enhance the functionality of behavior trees within MAS. The research focuses on three primary areas: the optimization of behavior trees, the development of behavior tree search algorithms, and the improvement of communication algorithms within BTs. Methods involve a comparative analysis of existing and new algorithmic approaches to identify and address inefficiencies in NPC coordination. The findings indicate that advanced behavior tree configurations, when combined with innovative search and communication strategies, significantly improve the coordination, robustness, and operational efficiency of MAS. These enhancements allow for more dynamic and responsive NPC interactions in complex gaming environments.

Theoretical Dimension of Modern Designers’ Conceptual Forms of Creativity

The aim of the article is to identify key characteristics of artistic and design practices interaction; to define directions of conceptual design development based on the results of analysing scientific and theoretical foundations of conceptualism as a special form of the artists’ creativity in the 20th century. Results. It is demonstrated that the focus of modern designers on conceptual forms of creativity is explained by the fact that they contribute to forming unique authors’ projects of aesthetic and value content, innovative searches in the context of cultural and civilisational shifts. A conceptual costume of the beginning of the 21st century is a kind of mediator between art practices of conceptual art and design practices in the sphere of project culture, synthesising social and psychological aspects of fashion, social and symbolic functions of clothing. A conceptual design narrativises philosophical, artistic and technological aspects of design, enriching design products with an expressive metaphoricity. It is revealed that in modern art history a clear definition of the term system of the conceptual direction in design has not been formed till now. The research of this complex phenomenon, synthesised by fashion and artistic clothing design, requires a complex interdisciplinary approach. The conceptual costume is studied as an art-design object from the standpoint of global and local tendencies in the society development, which declare certain worldview values in the form of a visual metaphor. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the theoretical understanding of the conceptual costume grounds on the interaction of design with culture and art as a special space of its direct functioning, which makes it possible to form project conceptualism as a special methodology. Conclusions. The authors’ concepts in the costume are extrapolated in different ways: as visual quotations or metaphors; as a transformation of the art object idea into the form of the costume. Actually, they need in-depth and detailed studying.

Мәтіндік және стандартты емес есептерді шешу әдістері

One of the most important tasks of primary education is the development of logical thinking. Textual and non-standard tasks have a special place in the formation of students' thinking abilities. By mastering the solution of such problems, we form in the student such qualities as search for innovation, self-attitude, perseverance. The article discusses textual and non-standard tasks and solutions found in the course of elementary mathematics, the technology of criterion-based assessment. The concepts of "text task", "non-standard task" were defined. This article presents a methodology for criterion-based assessment of students' academic achievements in mathematics lessons. The peculiarity of this technology is that when solving a task, students create descriptors, which are subsequently used in formative and aggregate assessments. Each descriptor is a step in the algorithm that solves the problem. Particular attention is paid to the use of various methods by primary school teachers in solving text problems, the importance of observing and supporting the child's non-standard ideas. The habit of finding other ways to solve the problem, the ability to use various ways and means of solving the problem plays a huge role in the future work, scientific and creative activity of the student. As a result of the research work, the main recommendations for finding a solution to text and non-standard tasks were developed. The advantages of using the criterion-based assessment system in mathematics lessons are revealed.

Feasibility study on the use of uçá crab waste in civil construction

The construction sector has undergone significant evolution in response to the needs generated by social transformations over time, experiencing various technological revolutions that have transformed the methods and materials used, from the rudimentary techniques of ancient civilizations to the technologies provided by scientific evolution. These transformations foment the demand for basic services, the search for technological and commercial innovation to continue meeting the needs of the population, which, consequently, has increased the production and accumulation of waste, especially organic waste and those from the food sector, such as the exoskeleton of the Uçá crab. The constant consumption of these crustaceans generates an abundance of waste improperly discarded in the environment, which can lead to negative impacts on fauna and flora. In short, as a form of mitigation, the partial use of Uçá crab shells in construction is proposed. Therefore, this study aims to investigate sustainability in the construction sector through the use of Uçá crab waste, through a bibliographic analysis of the topic addressed.

How New Ventures Navigate Innovation Search in Ties with Virtual Incubators

How New Ventures Navigate Innovation Search in Ties with Virtual Incubators

Stylistic and architectural art trends of worldwide experience in designing orthodox churches and complexes

Currently, in the scientific and practical space of Ukraine, there is no substantiated and systematized concept of the sacred architecture of the Balkan countries and the countries of the near abroad. Many countries have experienced a number of important changes and transformations over the last fifty years, which undoubtedly influenced the development of sacred architecture. In this study, the author proposes to consider the modern development of Orthodox churches and complexes of the specified countries of world Orthodoxy. In order to solve the tasks, literary sources were analyzed, highlighting the peculiarities of the analysis of sacred architecture. The fundamental researchers of the analysis of modern architecture include: C. Jenks, O. E. Gutnov, V. L. Hight, A. V. Ikonnikov and others. Modern researchers in the field of design and analysis of sacred objects include the works of O. S. Sleptsova, Yu. I. Kryvoruchko, M. Yu. Kesler. Taking into account the diversity and multifacetedness of the studied sacred objects, this analysis helped establish the directions and criteria for the analysis of Orthodox churches. The article presents the results of the analysis of the practice of sacred design of temple buildings of the countries that are included in the list of Orthodox autocephalous churches of the World Orthodoxy, in particular the temple architecture of the countries: Poland, Serbia, Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia, Cyprus, Georgia, Armenia, Russia, Belarus. Most of the general finishing has close ties with historical prototypes and stylistic polyphony of development, primarily Byzantine architecture, South Balkan and other architectural schools of a certain region. Also, isolated cases of modern and innovative searches for the modern image of the national temple have been established. As illustrative material, the article is supplemented with images with an analysis of the influence of historical prototypes on modern samples, as well as a table indicating general trends.

PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATIONS AS A TOOL FOR MODERNIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION: THEORETICAL ASPECT

The article substantiates the necessity of researching the processes of modernization of pedagogical education, analyzes the content of pedagogical activity, which is increasingly taking on an innovative nature. The problem of modernization of pedagogical education, which is connected with the need to change the status and role of the teacher in the information society, is analyzed; a decrease in the quality of professional training; the development of new ways and methods of obtaining pedagogical education, which led to significant structural and substantive transformations of the pedagogical education system in Ukraine. Innovative searches of higher school pedagogy are considered in the light of the implementation of the paradigm of the competence approach to education, which are aimed at such a design and organization of the educational process, which would take into account the needs of the personality of the future specialist in the development of his creative potential, readiness to act successfully in non-standard situations. Analyzing the content and functions of a modern teacher, the types of innovative pedagogical activities that ensure the achievement of the necessary quality of professional training are formulated. The essence of the main educational strategy of the professional training process is revealed – the design strategy, which is implemented with the help of practice-oriented modular training, training with the help of cases (a package of situations for decision-making), training based on social interaction. The problems of the organization of a unified Ukrainian educational network of distance education are analyzed, which includes problems not so much of a technical nature, which are quite easily solved if there is funding, but of a pedagogical, meaningful nature. The analysis of the components of the modernization of pedagogical education made it possible to assess the real state and prospects for the development of higher pedagogical education in Ukraine and to formulate proposals for its improvement.

The evolution of the ambidextrous innovation synergy strategy of new entrants from the perspective of key core technology monopoly

Ambidextrous innovation synergy is an effective way for new entrants and R&D entities to break the blockade of key core technologies. This paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model of new entrants, the R&D entity, and monopoly enterprises under the monopoly situation of key core technologies, discusses the dynamic equilibrium process of how new entrants cooperate with the R&D entity to carry out the ambidextrous innovation synergy strategy, and extends the model to the policy subsidy situations of different development stages of key core technology. The results show that the monopoly of key core technologies enhances the original innovation search ability of new entrants and promotes the evolution of enterprise imitation innovation to the exploratory innovation strategy. In the basic research stage of key core technology, the exploratory innovation strategy of new entrants is more sensitive to the cost of network embedding and the original innovation knowledge search. New entrants prefer the imitation innovation strategy, and policy subsidies have no significant effect on exploratory innovation. In the promotion stage of the key core technology market, fiscal and tax subsidies can more easily promote the evolution of new entrants from the imitative innovation strategy to the exploratory innovation strategy than R&D subsidies, and network embeddedness can induce enterprises to carry out exploratory innovation only when a certain threshold is reached. In addition, this paper discusses the influence mechanism of monopoly enterprises' suppression intensities and key core technology breakthrough probabilities on the evolution equilibrium of new entrants' ambidextrous innovation synergy strategies.

Performance shortfalls and innovative search: Evidence from the biopharmaceutical firms in China

ABSTRACT Performance feedback literature acknowledges that firms’ innovative behaviour in response to performance shortfalls. However, it overlooks the impact of multidimensional heterogeneity in innovative activities on the direction of search following performance shortfalls. Based on the framework of gain and loss, we propose that underperforming firms are inclined to minimise breadth search and are more likely to engage in depth search, influenced by varying perceptions of risk associated with different innovative search strategies. This hypothesis is tested using a panel dataset of 234-listed biopharmaceutical firms in China from 2008 to 2022. Our findings indicate a negative relationship between performance shortfalls and innovative search breadth, and a positive relationship between performance shortfalls and innovative search depth. Furthermore, we found that both knowledge diversity and knowledge distance negatively moderate the relationship between performance shortfalls and innovative search breadth. Conversely, knowledge distance positively moderates the relationship between performance shortfalls and innovative search depth. This study enriches the understanding of performance feedback mechanisms and their influence on innovative search strategies.

Food Price Inflation in the United States as a Complex Dynamic Economic System

Abstract The issue of volatile food prices is a consistent problem for American consumers, as rising prices make it challenging to afford nutritious food that meets dietary standards. Various complex factors influence this price volatility, including economic conditions, weather patterns, global trade, energy prices, and more. Notably, the impact of food price increases is not equal for everyone. Low-income individuals and those in rural areas are disproportionately affected. A comprehensive understanding of the driving factors is essential to tackle this issue effectively. We employ advanced time-series techniques such as Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) and modern causal inference methods such as probabilistic graphical models implemented via machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches on monthly data from 2000 to 2021 to investigate the U.S. food price inflation issue. These methods help unravel the intricate dynamics among key variables driving food price inflation. The study aims to achieve several objectives. It intends to (1) clarify how factors influencing food price inflation in the U.S. change over time using VECM models, (2) establish causal relationships among interconnected variables to develop probabilistic graphical models using innovative search algorithms, and (3) create and validate forecasts related to U.S. food price inflation. The end goal is to provide actionable insights for policy design. Results show that food price inflation is heavily tied to commodity pricing and pricing for medical services. Additionally, historical decompositions for COVID-19 show ties between food price inflation and energy inflation.

Catching but a glimpse?—Navigating crowdsourced solution spaces with transformer‐based language models

Current approaches for identifying valuable content among the multitude of solutions in crowdsourcing contests are resource‐intensive and constrained by human processing capacity. As idea convergence processes usually focus on filtering out single ideas, the potential of solution‐related knowledge among the heterogeneous ideas is not exploited in a sustainable manner. Transformer‐based language models can process large sets of idea descriptions into digestible structures, with unprecedented capabilities for understanding and manipulating text. This study explores how they can help organizations and decision‐makers navigate crowdsourced solution spaces efficiently and comprehensively. Inspired by theoretical concepts around problem‐solving and innovation search, we conceptualize three related search practices—direct search, cluster exploration and pattern discovery—and illustrate them on 289 crowdsourced ideas for future mobility and energy services. Direct search can assist in identifying solutions that match pressing needs or subproblems. Cluster exploration enables aggregating semantically similar ideas into clusters to identify relevant needs. Pattern discovery synthesizes themes and interrelations to build a holistic understanding of potential solutions. The study contributes to the application of AI‐assisted idea convergence by adding a new perspective beyond filtering out a few promising ideas.

ADAPTIVE DOMAIN-SPECIFIC NAMED ENTITY RECOGNITION METHOD WITH LIMITED DATA

The ever-evolving volume of digital information requires the development of innovative search strategies aimed at obtaining the necessary data efficiently and economically feasible. The urgency of the problem is emphasized by the growing complexity of information landscapes and the need for fast data extraction methodologies. In the field of natural language processing, named entity recognition (NER) is an essential task for extracting useful information from unstructured text input for further classification into predefined categories. Nevertheless, conventional methods frequently encounter difficulties when confronted with a limited amount of labeled data, posing challenges in real-world scenarios where obtaining substantial annotated datasets is problematic or costly. In order to address the problem of domain-specific NER with limited data, this work investigates NER techniques that can overcome these constraints by continuously learning from newly collected information on pre-trained models. Several techniques are also used for making the greatest use of the limited labeled data, such as using active learning, exploiting unlabeled data, and integrating domain knowledge. Using domain-specific datasets with different levels of annotation scarcity, the fine-tuning process of pre-trained models, such as transformer-based models (TRF) and Toc2Vec (token-to-vector) models is investigated. The results show that, in general, expanding the volume of training data enhances most models' performance for NER, particularly for models with sufficient learning ability. Depending on the model architecture and the complexity of the entity label being learned, the effect of more data on the model's performance can change. After increasing the training data by 20%, the LT2V model shows the most balanced growth in accuracy overall by 11% recognizing 73% of entities and processing speed. Meanwhile, with consistent processing speed and the greatest F1-score, the Transformer-based model (TRF) shows promise for effective learning with less data, achieving 74% successful prediction and a 7% increase in performance after expanding the training data to 81%. Our results pave the way for the creation of more resilient and efficient NER systems suited to specialized domains and further the field of domain-specific NER with sparse data. We also shed light on the relative merits of various NER models and training strategies, and offer perspectives for future research.

The Search for Care Delivery Innovation

A survey of the NEJM Catalyst Insights Council finds enthusiasm for technology innovation to improve care delivery, led by artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and virtual health.

Innovative search and imitation heuristics: an agent-based simulation study

AbstractProminent research in strategic imitation, exploration, exploitation, and organizational learning identifies imitation as a less costly alternative to experimentation. Yet, its role in the exploration–exploitation dilemma remains underexplored in the literature. This study employs an agent-based model to examine how two distinct agent types—those who imitate and those who experiment—interact and influence each other. The model incorporates the concept of “satisficing” derived from the behavioral theory of the firm, along with insights from research on imitative heuristics. The findings reveal that overcrowding affects both agent types negatively. Imitators suffer from diminished performance due to intensified competition, which increases as more imitators join the system. Meanwhile, explorers are hindered in their attempts at radical innovation due to the presence of other explorers and clusters of imitators. This paper contributes to the field as the first to model individual agents as ‘satisficers’ within a competitive exploration–exploitation framework. By incorporating imitation, it provides novel insights into the dynamics of organizational learning and strategic decision-making.

Knowledge investment and search for innovation: evidence from the UK firms

Recent research on innovation management and knowledge transfer has demonstrated that industry knowledge collaboration and knowledge spillovers matter for innovation, but so does a firm's Research and Development (R&D). Conditional to a firm's R&D investment, this study makes a theoretical investigation into the role of two knowledge transfer strategies—industry coopetition and industry knowledge spillovers for a firm's innovation. Based on an analysis of a sample of 17,859 UK firms from 2002 to 2014, we demonstrated why and under what conditions firms will (a) invest in internal R&D, (b) engage in coopetition, and (c) access knowledge spillovers to introduce new to firm (incremental innovation) and new to market products (radical innovation). The results of this study demonstrate that firm managers who choose knowledge spillovers versus coopetition are likely to achieve radical vis-à-vis incremental innovation. Benefits from the coopetition can be achieved with low investment in R&D, while R&D is essential in recognizing the knowledge spillover for radical innovation. By deciding whether to deploy its costly R&D and access external knowledge via industry coopetition or spillovers, the firm is also making a concomitant decision about the type of innovative activity it will generate. Thus, a firm strategy for knowledge transfer and investing in knowledge internally is inextricably linked to a firm strategy involving the type of innovative output.

Geographical and cognitive proximity effects on innovation performance: Which types of proximity for which types of innovation?

AbstractThe purpose of the paper is to explore the multi‐dimensional and intersecting nature of proximity to drive innovation performance. Applying a multi‐dimensional proximity framework, the study provides a deeper understanding of the importance of substitution and overlap mechanisms in the relation between geographical and cognitive proximity dimensions in innovation performance. The paper further analyses the moderation effect of organisational innovation in this relationship. Multivariate analysis proves the interaction effects between geographical and cognitive proximity, where cognitive proximity both substitutes and complements geographical proximity. However, external knowledge search for innovation along proximity dimensions differs depending on the type of innovation. Our findings corroborate the proximity paradox caused by lock‐in effects with the optimal level of proximity influenced by the interdependencies between proximity dimensions. This inverse U‐shaped relationship is flatter for firms that have adopted organisational innovation. External knowledge linkages should be tailored to the favourable characteristic of proximity to enhance firm innovation performance.

ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВО

Currently, the issues of the innovative potential of enterprises, the development of innovative technologies, their implementation in human life and production, the digitalization of various phenomena and processes are coming to the fore in connection with the latest trends and changes in society and the state. The gradual formation and development of the global information space and the latest digital technologies is a factor in the development of such a phenomenon as innovative entrepreneurship. To begin with, we will talk about the relevance of this issue at the present time.
 It should be noted that in the era of the information society, almost all aspects of social and economic life are changing: methods of payment for goods and services, their delivery and provision, methods of interaction and communication of economic entities, methods of production. That is why the development and application of the latest digital technologies becomes a factor in ensuring the competitiveness of a commercial organization in the market. In turn, entrepreneurial activity by its essence involves the introduction of various innovations aimed at business development, creating conditions for entering new markets for goods and services, and their comprehensive promotion. We can say that the search for innovations and focus on their application in practice is, first of all, a certain tool for ensuring a high level of entrepreneurial activity with maximum economic benefit. The purpose of the study is to analyze innovative entrepreneurship as a factor in the development of the domestic economic system. In accordance with the goal, the tasks were:
 1. Characterize the concept of «innovative entrepreneurship».
 2. Analyze the main features, as well as factors for the development of innovative entrepreneurship.
 3. Characterize the key directions of formation and development, as well as models of innovative entrepreneurship in Russia.
 4. Develop proposals to stimulate innovative entrepreneurship in Russia with a view to its development.

Curricular innovation in the knowledge society

Introduction: the problematization of the phenomenon of curricular innovation has been approached by research in the international and local context and confronting positions have emerged around the curriculum; and in order to make effective the transformation in the educational field and in a peculiar way in the decisions of the Curriculum, it is necessary to assume policies of change in the educational management. The objective of this work focuses on the characterization, reflection and theoretical deepening of curricular innovation within the framework of the knowledge and information society. Methods: qualitative-hermeneutic, narrative and exploratory study based on literature review. Results: the concept of curriculum is polysemic, with numerous definitions that indicate the richness of this concept and also the difficulty of its study; Furthermore, the need to think from a curricular vision the principles for educational innovation and as a model of socio-political transformation in decision making as a contribution to the culture of peoples, promoting the search for and production of knowledge, and that as a collective process the emergence of the knowledge society will require, among other things, reflection and practices on the effective conditions of possibility of its social, political and economic nature through appropriate educational policies that need to be elucidated and explored collectively as a challenge of Curricular Innovation. Conclusions: in relation to the phenomenon of curricular innovation and based on the bibliographic exploration, a series of descriptive studies emerged that problematize the subject from an analysis of the local reality, therefore many questions remain to be asked regarding curricular innovation such as: what is the most important and substantive change in the curriculum, how does the innovative intention of the curriculum originate, how should one proceed in the search for curricular innovation, how is the innovative intention of the curriculum transmitted to the political levels?