In today's digital world, where vast amounts of unstructured data are generated every day, the ability to efficiently process this information is key for many industries. Unstructured data, which includes text files, emails, video, audio, images, and other forms of media, is the bulk of digital data and requires specialized tools to analyze it. Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Named Entity Recognition (NER) are two key technologies that enable the transformation of unstructured data into structured information that can be used for a variety of applications. Natural Language Processing enables machines to understand, interpret, manipulate and generate human language, opening up possibilities for deep analysis of textual data. This includes identifying key words, phrases, themes, and emotional nuances in texts. NER, as an important component of Natural Language Processing, specializes in identifying and classifying named entities in the text into certain categories, such as names of persons, organizations, locations, dates, times, and others. This allows you to automate the processes of sorting, categorizing and analyzing information. However, working with Natural Language Processing and Named Entity Recognition faces a number of challenges. The large volume and variety of data make it difficult to collect, store and analyze it. Lack of standardization can lead to problems with interoperability and integration of different data sources. In addition, there are challenges related to the recognition of named entities, in particular, distinguishing between the same names belonging to different persons and understanding the context in which the names are used. Despite these challenges, the outlook for Natural Language Processing and Named Entity Recognition looks bright, with continued innovations in artificial intelligence and machine learning promising to improve the accuracy and efficiency of these technologies in the future.