Stream Of Innovations Research Articles

Moderating role of technological turbulence between green product innovation, green process innovation and performance of SMEs

Innovation in green technologies is a key factor propelling Jordanian sustainable development in the small and medium enterprises for achieving sustainability. Jordan is considered as a hub of small and medium enterprises, however, despite technological advancements and the efforts of the government, small and medium enterprises in Jordan are scarcely catering the aspect of green activities and researchers have paid less attention towards the same. Green product and green process innovation mode choices have drawn enough attention recently, but limited researchers have thoroughly examined the pathways through which green innovation is transmitted to small and medium enterprises’ performance. Green product and process innovation are the two main streams of green innovation that can enhance small and medium enterprises’ performance. The current research builds the framework for SMEs performance based on green product innovation and green process innovation following earlier research that have been conducted in the context of developed countries. It conducts an empirical analysis using responses of 384 manufacturing sector small and medium enterprises in Jordan. The findings demonstrate that small and medium enterprises can perform better when green products and processes are innovated. One significant moderating variable over the performance paths of small and medium enterprises is technological turbulence. The findings of the research contribute to a better understanding of green innovation and have implications for designing policies that promote green development.

Constant temperature and humidity combined with vacuum-steam pulsed steaming of Polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome: Quality attribute and browning mechanism

The quality of Polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome is considerably influenced by steaming, a post-harvest procedure; however, the mechanisms behind this quality formation are not well understood. This study explored two innovative streaming methods for Polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome: constant temperature and humidity steaming and drying (CTHSD) and constant temperature and humidity combined with vacuum-steam pulsed steaming and drying (CTH + VSPSD). Traditional atmospheric steaming, simmering, and drying (ASD) were also used. We evaluated the microstructure, colour and polysaccharide, reducing sugar, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, amino acid, phenolics and diosgenin contents as well as its antioxidant capacity. Results indicated that all methods enhanced antioxidant activity, released phenolic compounds and disrupted the microscopic pore wall structure. The processed samples exhibited increased browning values owing to non-enzymatic browning reactions between amino acids and reducing sugars.Notably, the CTH + VSPSD method yielded the highest antioxidant capacity, better preservation of polysaccharides and lower levels of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural compared to other methods. Additionally, CTH + VSPSD reduced production time by 66.7 % while achieving a comparable colour profile to that of conventional ASD technology. Therefore, the CTH + VSPSD method shows great promise for producing high-quality Polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome products.

Evaluation of stream ordering systems in the context of topography and open‐source data

AbstractSatellite‐derived digital elevation models (DEMs) and geographic information systems (GIS) offer effective means for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of drainage networks within watersheds. An extensive review of various stream order systems reveals their outdated nature, given advancements in digital technology and the availability of fine to coarse resolutions data. Analysis of open‐source DEMs with resolutions ranging from 12.5 to 225 m, along with topographical maps at scales of 1:50 000 and 1:250 000, was conducted across four physiographically distinct micro‐watersheds of approximately equal size (~300 km2). The steepest descent algorithm (D8) was utilized to derive raster stream networks, applying a channel initiation threshold (CIT) of 900 m2 as a criterion. It was observed that stream order numbers are influenced by map scale, leading to variability in mainstream order extraction across different DEM datasets and topographic maps. To address this issue, an innovative stream order system was proposed to ensure consistent mainstream order regardless of the spatial resolution of DEM data or map scale. Correlation analysis highlighted the importance of considering both spatial resolution and topographic variability in stream order analysis, underscoring the significance of accurate DEM data and landscape characteristics in understanding stream network dynamics. This method of classifying stream orders is recognized by scientists in geography, geology, hydrology and geomorphology for providing crucial information about the size and strength of waterways within stream networks, contributing to effective water management strategies.

The privacy-explainability trade-off: unraveling the impacts of differential privacy and federated learning on attribution methods.

Since the advent of deep learning (DL), the field has witnessed a continuous stream of innovations. However, the translation of these advancements into practical applications has not kept pace, particularly in safety-critical domains where artificial intelligence (AI) must meet stringent regulatory and ethical standards. This is underscored by the ongoing research in eXplainable AI (XAI) and privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML), which seek to address some limitations associated with these opaque and data-intensive models. Despite brisk research activity in both fields, little attention has been paid to their interaction. This work is the first to thoroughly investigate the effects of privacy-preserving techniques on explanations generated by common XAI methods for DL models. A detailed experimental analysis is conducted to quantify the impact of private training on the explanations provided by DL models, applied to six image datasets and five time series datasets across various domains. The analysis comprises three privacy techniques, nine XAI methods, and seven model architectures. The findings suggest non-negligible changes in explanations through the implementation of privacy measures. Apart from reporting individual effects of PPML on XAI, the paper gives clear recommendations for the choice of techniques in real applications. By unveiling the interdependencies of these pivotal technologies, this research marks an initial step toward resolving the challenges that hinder the deployment of AI in safety-critical settings.

Beyond the Signature: Informed Consent from a Legal Perspective and Its Implications for Plastic Surgery.

Informed consent is the principal tool that bridges the gap between clinical practice and our society's ethical ideals. The intricacies of informed consent, however, are frequently misunderstood, and its effective implementation can be challenging in practice. The continuous stream of innovations, wide array of procedures, and other characteristics inherent to the practice of plastic surgery compound the challenges of implementing informed consent. Unfortunately, there remains a dearth of literature to provide a comprehensive overview of informed consent as it relates to plastic surgery. In this article, the authors highlight the history, legal components, and challenges of informed consent within plastic surgery and offer recommendations on how to approach them. A deeper understanding of informed consent helps enhance patient care, mitigates unnecessary malpractice risk, and leads to better physician-patient relationships.

Exploring innovation in operations – the Multi-user Remote Operations Centre (MROC) concept

For new energy products to compete with hydrocarbons, the cost to the consumer must be equivalent or lower. To achieve this, producers require operational excellence at lowest possible cost. Innovation and improvements in data processing through the deployment of ‘intelligent’ software is just one of many solutions that can deliver this. Petrofac is constantly developing and applying innovative approaches in the energy landscape, the concept of a Multi-user Remote Operations Centre (MROC) is an extension of this innovation stream. It has been envisioned to lower capital expenditure (CapEx) and operational expenditure (OpEx) for both new market entrants and facilities and to improve safety and reduce emissions. The MROC is a purpose-built operating centre cluster that co-locates facilities such as the central control room, emergency response (ER), and engineering support. It would be owned and financed by a third party, the service provider would lease control facilities to separate clients and provide support services as necessary. This would allow multiple operators to unlock the financial, operational, safety and environmental benefits of remote operation without incurring the significant CapEx outlay normally associated with it. The number of personnel travelling to and from remote facilities would reduce, in turn reducing exposure to safety risks and lowering Scope III emissions. The MROC concept is particularly suited to Australia due to our geography and number of remote assets but could be adapted for other locations. The co-location of operation support engineering, procurement and ER would lead to increased business efficiencies, which would be reflected in a lower production cost.

An mRNA technology transfer programme and economic sustainability in health care.

The World Health Organization (WHO) set up the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) technology transfer programme in June 2021 with a development hub in South Africa and 15 partner vaccine producers in middle-income countries. The goal was to support the sustainable development of and access to life-saving vaccines for people in these countries as a means to enhance epidemic preparedness and global public health. This initiative aims to build resilience and strengthen local vaccine research, and development and manufacturing capacity in different regions of the world, especially those areas that could not access coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in a timely way. This paper outlines the current global vaccine market and summarizes the findings of a case study on the mRNA technology transfer programme conducted from November 2022 to May 2023. The study was guided by the vision of the WHO Council on the Economics of Health for All to build an economy for health using its four work streams of value, finance, innovation and capacity. Based on the findings of the study, we offer a mission-oriented policy framework to support the mRNA technology transfer programme as a pilot for transformative change towards an ecosystem for health innovation for the common good. Parts of this vision have already been incorporated into the governance of the mRNA technology transfer programme, while other aspects, especially the common good approach, still need to be applied to achieve the goals of the programme.

Energy Efficient Streaming Time Series Classification with Attentive Power Iteration

Efficiently processing time series data streams in real-time on resource-constrained devices offers significant advantages in terms of enhanced computational energy efficiency and reduced time-related risks. We introduce an innovative streaming time series classification network that utilizes attentive power iteration, enabling real-time processing on resource-constrained devices. Our model continuously updates a compact representation of the entire time series, enhancing classification accuracy while conserving energy and processing time. Notably, it excels in streaming scenarios without requiring complete time series access, enabling swift decisions. Experimental results show that our approach excels in classification accuracy and energy efficiency, with over 70% less consumption and threefold faster task completion than benchmarks. This work advances real-time responsiveness, energy conservation, and operational effectiveness for constrained devices, contributing to optimizing various applications.

Deploying Machine Learning Methods to Predict Global Trade Patterns: The Case of Beef

Highlights Machine Learning (ML) methods are offered as an alternative to conventional techniques for understanding global commodity trade. A formal comparison is made between ML results with those from the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) Estimator, which is the most commonly used statistical technique for bilateral trade analysis. PPML takes into account fixed effects and the dynamic nature of panel data to provide a better fit and higher prediction accuracy than ML in the context of in-sample forecasts. ML methods have strengths in feature selection, better validation statistics, and stronger predictive power than PPML, especially with out-of-sample forecasts. Abstract. In international economics, there has been a steady stream of innovations to explain patterns of trade between and among countries with emerging techniques. The most recent - Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator – corrects for a potential bias caused by the large proportion of zero observations in bilateral trade data. Alternatively, this study offers Machine Learning (ML) as an option, especially in the presence of finer data on bilateral trade patterns. Using monthly and HS-6-digit (product) level data, the study finds that the main advantage of PPML is its accuracy of forecasts in-sample, but feature selection is somewhat rigid due to the inclusion of a large number of pair-wise fixed effects. ML models have the advantage in selecting features when a long list of explanatory variables is to be considered. Model validation statistics such as MAE and RMSE favor ML methods, but PPML tends to yield higher goodness of fit. In the out-of-sample context, ML has better accuracy than PPML, and a one-step walk-forward ML approach further improves the accuracy of ML forecasts. While PPML has a rich research and application history, emerging ML techniques have sufficient room for improvement in their adaptation to economic analysis. Keywords: Beef, Bilateral Trade, Boosting, Machine learning, ML for Policy

Linking extroversion diversity to group service innovation among Chinese and Australian hospitality employees: The roles of adhocracy culture and creative role identity

ABSTRACT Understanding how extroversion diversity influences group service innovation helps hospitality firms achieve service excellence. We developed a multilevel model of the link between extroversion diversity and group service innovation and the mediation and moderation mechanisms underlying the direct relationship. We collected data from China and Australia. We utilized multilevel structural equation modeling for model validation. Results from both samples demonstrated that extroversion diversity was positively related to group service innovation. Creative role identity was a mediator between extroversion diversity and group service innovation. Chinese result showed that adhocracy culture positively moderated the link between creative role identity and group service innovation. However, adhocracy culture was not a moderator on such a link among Australian employees. Therefore, we advanced the stream of diversity innovation in the hospitality discipline and offer managers suggestion to improve service innovation among work groups by building group diversity via recruitment and trainings. 了解外向型多样性如何影响集团服务创新, 有助于酒店公司实现卓越服务. 我们开发了外向多样性和群体服务创新之间联系的多层次模型, 以及直接关系背后的中介和调节机制. 我们收集了来自中国和澳大利亚的数据. 我们利用多级结构方程建模进行模型验证. 两个样本的结果都表明, 外向多样性与群体服务创新呈正相关. 创造性角色认同是外向多样性和群体服务创新之间的中介. 中国的研究结果表明, 专治文化对创造性角色认同和群体服务创新之间的联系起到了正向调节作用. 然而, 对于澳大利亚员工之间的这种联系, 专治文化并不是一个调节因素. 因此, 我们在酒店学科中提出了多元化创新流, 并为管理者提供建议, 通过招聘和培训建立团队多样性, 以提高工作团队之间的服务创新.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНШОМОВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНЦІЇ ЗАСОБАМИ STEM та STREAM ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

The article examines the problems of integration of a foreign language, general education and special disciplines in the educational process of technical institutions of higher education (IHE). The prerequisites for the formation of a model of an innovative educational-scientific STEM, STEAM and STREAM environment for conducting foreign language classes in a professional direction at a technical higher education institution have been created. It is determined how STEM, STEAM, STREAM approaches are integrated with foreign language learning and provide effective training of competitive technical higher education specialists for the domestic and global labor market. Forming a model of an innovative educational and scientific STEM and STEAM environment, we considered the components of hard skills and soft/flexible skills among STEM competencies. In our understanding, the use of STEM technologies in the formation of foreign language competence in technical IHE is the creation of conditions for a balanced, purposeful, science-oriented educational process based on the integration of mathematical, natural and humanitarian areas, where a foreign language acts as an integrative tool for solving professional activities, and the very object of study. Such integration is based on critical thinking and research skills of future specialists in technical education profiles.

ПРОБЛЕМА ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ЦИРКУЛЯРНЫХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОГО РЕГИОНА

In response to the search for solutions to the problems of sustainable development of society, the formation of an environmental economy took place, one of the priorities of which is the transition to the concept of a circular model based on the principles of isolation. The circular economy is a universal way of sustainable development, which allows, on the basis of technical and technological progress and a continuous stream of innovations, to overcome not only economic and environmental problems, but also social stratification. The circular model ensures national economic efficiency by cycling, slowing down and narrowing resource and consumer flows. The transformation of flows is achieved through the formation of production-consumer ecosystems, collaborations and intersectoral integration, which shifts the minimum object unit towards the mesolevel. A single circular economic system (CES) involves the inclusion in its elemental composition of many weakly affiliated entities, which in the «as is» situation are focused on ensuring private commercial efficiency through the implementation of linear models. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of theoretical and methodological foundations for ensuring the effectiveness of circular economic systems at the mesolevel.

The relationship between green bonds and conventional financial markets: Evidence from quantile-on-quantile and quantile coherence approaches

Financial markets evolve continuously and become increasingly complex with the steady stream of financial innovations, among which recent emergence of green bonds breathes life into and poses challenges on conventional financial markets. Relevant studies rarely consider market conditions and time frequencies, and fail to cover the 2020 market recession. We examine their relationships at various quantiles and frequencies with novel quantile-based approaches using daily data of five representative markets involving the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results reveal positive dependence of green bonds on fixed-income markets, indicating the diversifier role of green bonds, being most effective at the extreme lower quantiles of the treasury market and green bonds, which raises concern about their price transmission especially in recession. Hedging properties of green bonds for currency and stock markets are strongest in the medium term. In addition, we conduct the portfolio analysis, verifying hedging and diversification benefits of green bonds.

Soil pressures: an economic and ecological overview of the agricultural sector in Peru (2000-2015)

Given the development of the different streams of innovation in the agricultural sector worldwide, it is relevant to contrast the progressive vision of economic growth and increase in agricultural productivity with other holistic visions. These integral visions propose increasingly better tools that seek to emphasize human relationships with nature and, by this way, measure their socio-environmental effects and propose new forms of relationship. The following study presents the perspectives of innovation for the Peruvian agricultural sector and applies the Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) which results show the sustainability of the sector, particularly an overview of soil degradation. This tool will provide a quantitative description of the pesticide and insecticide flows generated by agriculture in Peru and, in the same way, it will propose an explanation of their effects on the environment.

Effect of Technological Insecurity on Performance Through Emotional Exhaustion

The new digital age introduces a continuous stream of technological innovations. Yet, little is known about how these technological innovations influence workplace behavior. Drawing on the stressor-strain model, this study examined the possibility that emotional exhaustion would explain the effect of technological insecurity on individual performance. This study further posited that leader-member exchange would interact with technological insecurity to influence emotional exhaustion and, through it, individual performance. This study found that technological insecurity negatively associates with individual performance. Results also indicated that emotional exhaustion carries the negative consequences of technological insecurity. This study further found that the effects of technological insecurity attenuate at high levels of leader-member exchange. Finally, this study discussed implications for theory and practices as well as offered future research directions.

Supply chain network structure and firm's R&D investments: empirical evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to investigate the R&D investment (RDI) of manufacturing firms from the perspective of supply chain network, especially the effect of firms' supply chain network structures (network power and network cohesion) on its RDI, and further to explore the contingency conditions of this effect within the context of Chinese manufacturing supply chains.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collect a large sample of Chinese manufacturing firms over the period 2014–2019 and construct a large-scale supply chain network, and finally obtain 2,390 firms from 20,483 observations. Ordinary least squares regression was adopted to analyse how supply chain network structures affect RDI in manufacturing firms.FindingsIt is surprising that firm's supply chain network structures have a negative effect on RDI. In addition, knowledge and technology intensity (KTI) positively moderate the relationship between network cohesion and RDI.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the innovation stream from the perspectives of supply chain network, and provides the empirical findings that the negative role of a firm's supply chain network structure on its RDI for the first time. The rationale for these negative effects is straightforward according to the social capital theory that manufacturing firms with a high level of social capital that are possibly to accept established patterns of thinking and behaviour, causing them to decrease the enthusiasm of RDI.

Influence of entrepreneurial ambidextrous leadership on ambidextrous innovation: An integrated model construction of ‘cognitive/affective’ composite perspective in Chinese context

BACKGROUND: China’s 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035 clearly points out that it is necessary to implement innovation driven strategy, promote enterprise technological innovation, and better play the important role of entrepreneurs in enterprise technological innovation. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the impact of entrepreneurial leadership on enterprises’ technological innovation. OBJECTIVE: From the perspective of technological innovation stream, we divide ambidextrous innovation into mainstream innovation and new stream innovation. Integrating ambidexterity theory, innovation streams theory and cognitive affective personality system theory (CAPS), we explore the mediating mechanism of entrepreneurial ambidextrous leadership on ambidextrous innovation from cognitive path, affective path and cognitive-affective compound path. METHODS: Based on the data collected from 254 top managers in 12 provinces in China, we conducted descriptive statistical analysis, reliability and validity analysis, regression analysis and bootstrap mediating effect test on the sample data. RESULTS: Our empirical results revealed that: 1) entrepreneurial ambidextrous leadership positively related with the ambidextrous innovation; 2) organizational paradoxical cognition plays a partly mediating role between ambidextrous leadership and ambidextrous innovation; 3) organizational affective conflict plays a partly mediating role between ambidextrous leadership and ambidextrous innovation; 4) organizational paradoxical cognition negatively related with organizational affective conflict; 5) organizational paradoxical cognition and organizational affective conflict play a chain mediating role between entrepreneurial ambidextrous leadership and ambidextrous innovation. CONCLUSIONS: Combined with the cognitive affective personality system theory, our research explores the mediating mechanism of entrepreneurial ambidextrous leadership on ambidextrous innovation from cognitive path and affective path and “cognitive-affective” compound path, which not only have great theoretical contributions, but also have important significance in enterprise management practice.

COVID-19 and the emergence of inpatient tele-ward rounds

IntroductionTelemedicine has been at the heart of healthcare system’s strategic response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Within psychiatry, there has been a surge of research and guidelines into the use of video-teleconferencing to replace face to face consultations across clinical settings. Clinical ward rounds are central to inpatient psychiatric care yet little guidance is available on how best to integrate telemedicine into the multidisciplinary work of inpatient psychiatry.ObjectivesWe report on the introduction of video teleconferencing for psychiatric ward rounds on our acute inner-London psychiatric unit during the outbreak of COVID-19.MethodsIn undertaking the rapid transition to tele-ward rounds, we had to reconcile the multiple functions of psychiatric ward rounds with the technological resources available to us.ResultsTele-ward rounds helped simplify care delivery, facilitate multidisciplinary collaboration and improve accessibility for patients and relatives in a time of crisis. The transition to tele-ward rounds also brought about technical, operational and communication issues that may impact on the patient experience and quality of care including governance challenges, contextual dissonance and technological limitations.ConclusionsThe routine use of newer technology in psychiatry ward rounds is unlikely to succeed on the basis of improvisation, particularly given the stream of technical innovations in telemedicine, and the multifarious quality of social interactions in our clinical setting. Staff training and the development of an adapted etiquette and code of communication are both essential. Patient participation in future developments will also help ensure tele-ward rounds continue to meet the standards of high quality inpatient psychiatric care beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Covid 19 pandemic on the growth of the entrepreneurship society in Indonesian community


 
 
 The COVID-19 pandemic has given birth to many positive things in our society, especially in building a people's economy, or the emergence of many new MSMEs which have become a new change in the behavior of the Indonesian people. This study uses a literature study by conducting descriptive analysis by combining existing data and information in order to obtain scientific conclusions. The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus means society needs to reengage and fundamentally adapt to Entrepreneurship, and is well suited to taking a crisis perspective that can offer advancements to other streams of innovation including business and sociology. Entrepreneurial action incorporates a powerful mindset that can help society bounce back from the crisis. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to new behavior towards the community, especially those affected by COVID-19, especially in terms of the economy, so that people can adapt more quickly to be more productive and have high competitiveness, thus giving birth to a community culture that has an entrepreneurial spirit.
 
 

РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНОЇ ПАРАДИГМИ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

In the article the pressing questions of transition of national economy are infected in the mode of mushroom, steady and hi-tech growth in the conditions in the new technological mode based on innovative modernisation of scientific and technical sphere. The modern paradigm of doing business, that dominate of knowledge and envisages more flexible politics in relation to adjusting of innovative activity is considered. An accent is done on forming of open case internal and external stream and research development frame in the dynamic environment of generation and commercialization of innovations on the basis of innovative cooperation as into the system, so with an environment, id est creation of integrated control system by innovative streams from an initial point to end - user. Outlined primary tasks in relation to conditioning of innovative development of national economy for an account: strengthening the processes of interregional integration; optimization of the tax system of subjects of economic activity, that increase the fixed accets and fate of technological innovations in a productive process; providing of purposeful state support of enterprises that invest in the production of innovative goods; creation of the system of state guarantees for physical and legal persons that accept active voice in innovative activity; forming of the optimal legal field is for an interregional competition and bringing in of investments in basic capital. The certain are important to composition in the complex of measures in relation to the modernization of the scientifically - technological sphere, namely: exposure of perspective directions of the growing economy; a revival of the applied science is in the form of state -private partnership; expansion of government is on the realization of scientific researches; development of effective innovative infrastructure; forming and development of productive- technological complexes; creation of institutes of financing of innovative projects; increase of investment charges of the state; use mechanisms of the direct state financing and address financial help to science-intensive industries of industry; by introduction of mechanism of insurance of innovative risks.