Promotion Of Innovation Research Articles

Research Progress on Solid-State Electrolytes in Solid-State Lithium Batteries: Classification, Ionic Conductive Mechanism, Interfacial Challenges

Solid-state lithium batteries exhibit high-energy density and exceptional safety performance, thereby enabling an extended driving range for electric vehicles in the future. Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are the key materials in solid-state batteries that guarantee the safety performance of the battery. This review assesses the research progress on solid-state electrolytes, including polymers, inorganic compounds (oxides, sulfides, halides), and organic–inorganic composites, the challenges related to solid-state batteries in terms of their interfaces, and the status of industrialization research on solid-state electrolytes. For each kind of solid-state electrolytes, details on the preparation, properties, composition, ionic conductivity, ionic migration mechanism, and structure–activity relationship, are collected. For the challenges faced by solid-state batteries, the high interfacial resistance, the side reactions between solid-state electrolytes and electrodes, and interface instability, are mainly discussed. The current industrialization research status of various solid electrolytes is analyzed in regard to relevant enterprises from different countries. Finally, the potential development directions and prospects of high-energy density solid-state batteries are discussed. This review provides a comprehensive reference for SSE researchers and paves the way for innovative advancements in regard to solid-state lithium batteries.

Advancements in Contemporary Pharmacological Innovation: Mechanistic Insights and Emerging Trends in Drug Discovery and Development

Developing a new drug and bringing it to the market is a complex and time-consuming process that involves multiple phases of drug discovery and development. However, recent advancements in various technologies, such as multi-omics, genome editing, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML), have significantly improved this process. These technologies have made the process more accurate, less time-consuming, and cost-effective compared to the conventional methods of drug discovery and development. In the current age, discovering and developing drugs is a collaborative effort that involves scientific breakthroughs, technological advancements, and regulatory oversight. The pharmaceutical industry is constantly innovating new techniques, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and prioritizing patient-centered approaches. In this review, we explore the latest and most updated information about using advanced technologies in drug discovery. The review begins by briefly explaining the conventional drug discovery and development process, and then delves into the applications of multi-omics, genome editing technology, systems biology, artificial intelligence, and machine learning.

Portable neonatus incubator based on global positioning system

<p>The role of baby incubator is crucial in assisting premature babies to adjust to their new surroundings. However, the current baby incubator causes challenges when used for emergency first aid. The challenge is often because of its cumbersome size, which makes transportation to referral hospitals difficult. To address this issue, portable neonate incubator based on the global positioning system (GPS) was developed. The results of implementation testing showed that the incubator system effectively monitored longitude and latitude coordinates, as well as the temperature and humidity of the incubator room, and the body temperature of neonates. Weighing approximately 5.8 kg, this incubator was versatile, compatible with both AC and DC voltage power sources, and came equipped with a carrying bag for easy transportation by midwives or medical personnel. Consequently, this development marked an innovative advancement in neonate incubator medical equipment, facilitating the swift tracking of the neonate incubator's coordinate position in case of unexpected events on the way to the hospital.</p>

Single-chain A35R-M1R-B6R trivalent mRNA vaccines protect mice against both mpox virus and vaccinia virus

Mpox has spread to many countries around the world. While the existing live attenuated mpox vaccines are effective, advances in 21st century technologies now enable the development of vaccines with more specific antigens, clearer mechanisms, and more controllable side effects. We systematically evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the A35R, M1R and B6R antigens of the mpox virus (MPXV). With these findings, we designed three single-chain trivalent mRNA vaccines (AMAB-wt, AMAB-C140S and AMB-C140S) by integrating the soluble regions of these antigens into single mRNA-encoded polypeptides based on their protein structures. Then, the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of these single-chain mRNA vaccines were evaluated in mice models against both VACV and MPXV. The three single-chain vaccines elicited neutralising antibodies that effectively neutralised both VACV and MPXV. The single-chain vaccines or cocktail vaccine containing mRNAs encoding soluble antigen (sA35R+sM1R+sB6R) exhibited 100% or 80% protection against a lethal dose of VACV challenge, while the cocktail of full-length antigens (A35+ M1+ B6) and the live attenuated vaccine, VACV Tian Tan (VACV-VTT), completely failed to protect mice. Moreover, the single-chain vaccines significantly reduced viral load in the lungs and ovaries of MPXV-challenged mice. Compared with the cocktail vaccines, our single-chain designs demonstrated similar or superior immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Importantly, the simplicity of the single-chain vaccines enhances both the controllability and accessibility of mpox vaccines. We believe these single-chain vaccines qualify as the next-generation mpox vaccines. National Natural Science Foundation of China and Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the CAS.

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Disparities and Spatial Spillover Effect of a Low-Carbon Economy in Chinese Provinces Under Green Technology Innovation

This research, set against the backdrop of rapid global advancements in green technology innovation and aligned with China’s sustainable development strategy, conducts an in-depth analysis of the spatiotemporal disparities and spatial spillover effect of a low-carbon economy in Chinese provinces. Following empirical analysis and data testing, the study draws the following conclusions: (1) China’s low-carbon economy is subject to significant regional differences. Over time, the development level has improved annually, with the number of provinces above the middle level of low-carbon economy rising from 11 in 2010 to 22 in 2022. However, regional differences persist. The eastern region has shown the most significant progress, while the central area encountered its initial challenges first, and the development of the western area has unfolded in a more segmented manner. (2) In this paper, the low-carbon economy in China shows notable characteristics of spatiotemporal agglomeration, with the number of high–high agglomeration provinces rising from four in 2010 to seven in 2022, an increase of 78% year-on-year. The number of provinces and provinces in the low–low agglomeration mode increased from two in 2010 to six in 2022, a year-on-year increase of 200%. (3) China’s low-carbon economy demonstrates notable spatiotemporal evolution. The development process tends to remain stable during transitions, with a high likelihood of sustaining the current state while gradually advancing, avoiding abrupt changes across levels. (4) Innovations in green technology exert a positive influence on the advancement of the low-carbon economy, with a clear spatial spillover effect. In light of these findings, the research offers targeted recommendations for society, enterprises, and government stakeholders.

Advantages of Big Data Analysis and AI Technology in Data Collecting And Processing of Preventive Maintenance

In recent years, the emergence of Cyber-Physical systems (CPS), big data, cloud computing, and industrial wireless networks have promoted the development of Industry 4.0. Intelligent manufacturing systems are the leaders of this change. In smart manufacturing, the emphasis will be placed on using technologies such as big data analytics, cloud computing, edge computing, and artificial intelligence (AI). The advantages of new technologies are significantly reflected in the comparison of preventive maintenance and traditional maintenance based on intelligent technology: preventive maintenance significantly reduces the cost of prevention and, at the same time, dramatically improves the accuracy and timeliness of maintenance, bringing inestimable value to intelligent manufacturing. This paper will analyze new technologies’ innovative advantages and technical prospects through big data analysis and specific application scenarios of AI technology in preventive maintenance. Firstly, in data acquisition, this paper examines the architecture of preventive maintenance systems based on big data. Then, it analyzes the composition of the data pipeline: in the realization of data collection and processing in the field of cloud computing and edge computing, and the aspect of data processing, it discusses the participation of AI technology in data understanding and processing and the unprecedented changes it brings.

A Study on the Development of the Tesla Brand and Its Societal Impact

This study explores the development of the Tesla brand and its profound societal impact. As a pioneer in the global electric vehicle industry, Tesla has achieved remarkable advancements in technological innovation while attracting widespread social attention through its unique business model and marketing strategies. The study first analyzes the background and evolution of the Tesla brand and then discusses its societal impact from the perspectives of environmental protection, technological progress, industrial chain influence, and social responsibility. The results indicate that Tesla has expanded the global electric vehicle market, promoted the adoption of green energy, and shifted public perceptions of the automotive industry. Additionally, Tesla’s branding strategies have inspired innovation and marketing approaches in other companies. Despite its success in sustainability and technological breakthroughs, Tesla faces challenges in labor management and financial sustainability. This study provides valuable insights into the future development of the electric vehicle industry and calls for companies to balance technological advancements with the fulfillment of social responsibilities.

Mathematical Modeling of Demand and Supply: Analyzing Corn Market Equilibrium

This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the current state and future development trends of the corn industry, with a specific focus on its significance within China’s agricultural sector. As one of the country’s most important grain crops, corn plays a crucial role in various sectors including animal feed, human food, and as a key raw material in industrial applications. Over recent years, the corn market in China has witnessed substantial fluctuations in both supply and demand, driven by a combination of factors such as extreme weather events, shifts in trade policies, and other external influences. The Chinese government has responded to these challenges by implementing a range of measures aimed at bolstering the industry, including policy directives, financial incentives, and enhanced regulatory oversight. Additionally, the promotion of technological innovation has been identified as a critical component in improving efficiency and productivity within the sector. Looking forward, the corn industry is poised for more stable and sustainable growth, driven by deeper integration within the industry and increased international collaboration. These developments are expected to solidify the industry’s role not only within China but also in the global agricultural economy, ensuring its continued contribution to both national food security and economic development.

Research and Development of Laboratory Experiments on the Static Characteristics of Pile-Soil Contact Surfaces

This paper systematically investigates the mechanical properties of contact surfaces between soil and piles under static loading conditions across various scenarios through comprehensive laboratory experiments. The study offers an overview of current experimental equipment and testing protocols, succinctly describes the mechanical characteristics of pile-soil contact surfaces influenced by multiple factors, and summarizes existing constitutive models related to these interfaces. The objective of this research is to provide a more accurate and reliable laboratory methodology for analyzing the static mechanical properties of pile-soil contact surfaces, thereby fostering innovative advancements in the safety of pile foundations.

Exploring the impact on contact adhesion layer properties in numerical simulations.

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the impact of key parameters on contact adhesion layer properties using numerical simulations, addressing fundamental questions in contact mechanics. Aiming to explore interfacial penetration and contact pressure dynamics between a wavy punch and an adhesive-coated body, the study focuses on the influence of adhesive layer thickness, elasticity modulus, and punch geometry on mechanical behavior. The study includes the application of Green's function to address deficiencies in existing models, revealing how contact stiffness, influenced by the flexibility relationship between the coating and substrate, affects the size of the contact area. Finally, conclusions are drawn that adjusting coating factors can induce full contact conditions. Quantitative analysis shows a 2.23-fold increase in load-bearing capacity with a 2 mm increase in adhesive layer thickness, and a 23-fold increase with a toughness ratio rise from 0.1 to 5. These findings are recommended for optimizing adhesive layer properties, contributing to advancements in materials science and innovation.

GLOBAL IDENTITY AS A TYPE OF SOCIAL IDENTITY

Globalization has affected, perhaps more than any other force, the way people live, configure their physical environment, create the institutions that govern their activities, and build the markets in which they exchange resources, goods, and services. Economic and cultural exchanges brought about by waves of globalization have led to changes in consumer demographics and psychographics, i.e. changes in consumer aspirations, motivations, and behaviour. Advances in technology, transportation, global exports, and media innovation have made global flows of information, products, and services more widespread and rapid. Cultural exchanges not only contribute to the formation of an expansive culture but also affect the psychological and social identity of people. Globalization promotes the free exchange of ideas and communication throughout the world, which leads to an increase in people’s awareness of the world around them as a whole. Globalization leads to the formation of the general consciousness of people about humanity. In its purest form, this common consciousness of people about humanity is called «global identity». The article aims to consider global identity as a type of social identity. Research methods applied: analysis and generalization of scientific literature to clarify approaches to defining the essence of global and local identity; theoretical generalization for formulating conclusions about global identity as a type of social identity. The psychological effects of local culture on identity are just as effective as the effects of global culture on identity. Local identity can take many forms, from ethnicity to nationality to even smaller local identifications such as neighborhood.

Scientific Research Methodologies in Advanced Quranic Studies: Challenges and Ways of Development

In light of the pivotal role of scientific research, world powers vie for extensive research institutions and allocate hefty budgets for them. Universities have responded by creating specialized faculties for scientific and postgraduate studies, all aimed at fostering distinguished research. These efforts seek to enhance human knowledge with innovative scientific and practical advancements and uncover new truths, a practice embraced by progressive nations to meet societal needs that evolve with time and place. Scientific research in advanced Quranic studies is integral to this trend, emerging as a critical project within the "review and development" discourse. It is an urgent necessity, driven by the era's fast-paced changes, and faces challenges that hinder its developmental potential and societal contribution. We aim for further innovation in the methodologies of scientific research in Quranic studies, calling for a coalition of efforts among scholars and researchers. Emphasizing the utilization of field studies and comprehensive research, alongside modern technologies, is paramount in advancing this field.

9.B. Scientific session: Promoting health in the digital age: a room to improve health literacy and digital health literacy?

Abstract The workshop aims to explore innovative approaches to promoting health literacy and digital health literacy and their impact on individual and community health outcomes at different stages of life. This initiative is driven by the recognition that digital platforms and tools offer unprecedented opportunities to improve population health through health education and behavior change. The workshop will feature a dynamic and interactive format starting from plenary sessions in which speakers will provide insights into digital health promotion best practices and their outcomes, offering diverse perspectives. The added value of organizing this workshop lies in its comprehensive approach to integrating digital tools into health prevention strategies, particularly for addressing childhood smoking. By examining innovative digital interventions, the workshop provides a platform for sharing insights and strategies that leverage technology to promote healthier lifestyles among youth. This is increasingly pertinent as digital platforms become central in the daily interactions of young people. The coherence between the presentations revolves around the theme of enhancing digital health literacy as a preventive measure against health issues. The first presentation sets the stage by exploring digital tools that educate and engage young people about the dangers of smoking. The subsequent session builds on this by assessing the current state of digital health education and literacy, emphasizing the need for curriculum integration and better training for educators to support these initiatives effectively. Finally, the meta-analysis presentation ties everything together by evaluating the effectiveness of these digital interventions across various demographics, offering evidence-based recommendations for tailoring health literacy programs to diverse needs. Together, these presentations form a cohesive narrative on the critical role of digital literacy in health prevention, illustrating a clear pathway from educational content to educational infrastructure, and culminating in broad-based intervention strategies that can be adapted to different settings and populations. This coherence enhances the workshop’s impact, providing attendees with a well-rounded understanding of how digital tools can be harnessed to foster long-term health improvements from an early age. Live Q&A sessions will encourage dialogue between speakers and attendees, enhancing the learning experience. By combining expert knowledge with interactive discussions, the workshop aims to share insights needed to implement effective digital health promotion strategies. Key messages • The role of health literacy and digital health literacy in improving health outcomes demands that the efficacy of the most effective strategies be evaluated. • Digital tools offer opportunities for innovative health promotion approaches and tools.

THIRD MISSION OF THE UNIVERSITY: VISION, STRUCTURE, EXPERIENCE

The proposed paper is devoted to an examination of the concept of the Third Mission of universities, which is considered to be a pivotal aspect of their social responsibility. The study offers a comprehensive examination of the global experience in the implementation of the Third Mission, encompassing diverse approaches and practices aimed at addressing socially significant issues, fostering innovation and entrepreneurship, and engaging with local communities and stakeholders. The paper presents an overview of the experience of Kazakhstani universities in the implementation of the Third Mission, demonstrating the adaptation of global practices to local conditions and their contribution to regional development. The paper yielded the following outcomes: substantiation of the practical dimensions of the Third Mission of Universities, which may prove beneficial for furtherresearch and implementation in the domain of higher education; identification of avenues for adapting successful practices by integrating social responsibility into the activities of universities, including the formation of effective partnerships, the promotion of innovation, and interaction with local communities; identification of pivotal points for further enhancement of the concept of social responsibility in the field of higher education.

Effect of Drilling Parameters and Tool Diameter on Delamination and Thrust Force in the Drilling of High-Performance Glass/Epoxy Composites for Aerospace Structures with a New Design Drill

Real service requirements of the assembly performance and joining properties of design components are critical for composite usage in the aerospace industry. This experimental study offers a novel and comprehensive analysis of dry drilling optimization for glass-reinforced, high-performance epoxy matrix composites used in aerospace structures, focusing on thrust force and delamination. The study presents a first-time investigation into the combined effects of spindle speed (1000, 2250, 4000 and 5750 rpm), feed rate (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mm/rev) and tool diameter (3 and 5 mm) using a custom-designed drill tool specifically developed for this application, filling a gap in the current literature. By employing the Taguchi design of experiments, the study identified that medium spindle speeds (2250–4000 rpm), lower feed rates (0.2 mm/rev) and smaller tool diameters (3 mm) provided optimal conditions for minimizing thrust force and delamination. These results present actionable insights into improving the structural integrity and performance of drilled aerospace-grade composite components, offering innovative advancements in both the aerospace and defense industries.

Social work + just design = practice 2.0

ABSTRACT Social work as a profession is an opportune leader for a global vision that encompasses collective futures for all. This vision is one of a 2nd-century social work profession advancing practice 2.0 to align with the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Social work practice 2.0 begins in the classroom, centering human rights alongside the discipline of design, and extends into practice settings. Design, for the purposes of this article, refers generally to human-centered design, design thinking, and service design. The vision of social work 2nd century links the purpose and principles of social work with those of design. Social work and design both incorporate systems thinking while emphasizing place-based interventions that contextualize service delivery. Practice 2.0 links all levels in social work’s ubiquitous multi-level micro-mezzo-macro- intervention framework and does so through design justice. Design justice is design through an equity lens, which advances innovation to improve the service user, or client, experience. A human rights approach is critical for operationalizing the vision of social work 2nd century—and it begins with teaching human rights in social work education.

Dynamic interactions among exchange rate, natural gas demand, production in manufacturing and battery industry export – evidence from Hungary

In the context of the current global economic transformation, the rapid rise of the electric vehicle industry has made the battery industry a new focus of competition among countries. Despite its relatively small economic and demographic size, Hungary has garnered significant academic interest by emerging as the world’s third-largest battery producer in 2021. The study employed a dynamic vector autoregressive (VAR) model to determine that fluctuations in the Hungarian exchange rate have a notable immediate influ-ence on exports in the battery business，which suggests that changes in exc-hange rates directly affect international competitiveness. The battery sector is experiencing a progressive increase in the influence of fluctuations in na-tural gas demand, particularly in terms of their impact on production costs and supply chains. The battery industry has had substantial advancements in technological innovation and production efficiency as a direct result of the expansion in manufacturing production. And Hungary’s total industrial deve-lopment is significantly influenced by the long-term effects of export expan-sion in the battery industry. JEL Codes: L62, E44, O14, C22

The Impact of Intellectual Property Protection on Technological Innovation - A Literature Review Incorporating New Quality Productive Forces in the Chinese Economy

Abstract: This article explores the impact of intellectual property (IP) protection on technological innovation, particularly concerning Chinas recent emphasis on high-quality productivity. The paper reviews existing literature, discussing the differences in the effects of IP protection between developed and developing countries. This literature review shows that strengthened IP protection has a positive impact on technological innovation in China, but with a nonlinear relationship. The concept of new quality productive forces focuses on achieving high levels of quality and promoting disruptive technology innovation. Combining this concept, this article analyzes the influence of IP protection on its development and provides specific policy recommendations. Future studies should focus on empirical analysis to assess the actual effectiveness of IP protection within the existing policy framework. Appropriate evaluation systems are suggested to establish, and IP laws should be gradually improved so as to effectively facilitate Chinas technological innovation and industrial advancement.

The role of coatings and plasticizers compatibility in stability of advanced gastro-resistant self-emulsifying pellets designed for the delivery of volatile compounds: A combined solid-state NMR and dissolution study

The gastro-resistant behaviour of solid self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SEDDS) represents a significant and innovative advancement in delivering poorly soluble drugs. Due to the complexity of these systems and the liquid nature of SEDDS, thorough investigation is essential. This study explored the stability of self-emulsifying (SE) pellets containing the volatile compound thymol coated with gastro-resistant Eudragit® L 30 D-55 water dispersion. The SE pellet cores, composed of Neusilin® US2 with adsorbed SEDDS (thymol, triacylglycerol, Labrasol®, and propylene glycol), microcrystalline cellulose, and chitosan, were prepared using the extrusion/spheronization method and demonstrated optimal technological properties. The 6-month stability of three coating compositions, differing in thickness and triethyl citrate (TEC) concentration in the Eudragit® L topcoat, or the application of an ethylcellulose (EC, Surelease®) sub-coat, was investigated using the combined in vitro dissolution testing and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ss-NMR) for detailed structural characterization. The dissolution data of samples with Eudragit® L topcoat data showed an acceleration of thymol release in acidic conditions, preventing the SE pellets from achieving gastro-resistance. The ss-NMR analysis revealed an incompatibility between TEC and SEDDS (specifically propylene glycol), identified as a TEC phase transition to a liquid phase independent of TEC concentration. Additionally, ss-NMR analysis revealed that neat thymol negatively affected coating layer stability by promoting the plasticization of Eudragit® L. The inclusion of a 10 % Surelease® sub-coat yielded positive results, maintaining the gastro-resistant properties of SE pellets stored under 25 °C/60 % RH for 6 months. However, ss-NMR analysis confirmed ongoing TEC liquefaction after 3 and 6 months, indicating that the oleic acid and triglycerides in Surelease® as plasticizers contributed to this instability. Therefore, this formulation cannot be deemed stable, and using Surelease® as a sub-layer is only a temporary solution. Overall, while plasticizers are commonly used in pharmaceutical technology, they can introduce significant problems in S-SEDDS development, and their use in sub- or topcoats should be carefully considered or avoided. At the same time, it became evident that in-vitro dissolution testing alone cannot capture the slow processes and interactions occurring within the internal structure of these systems.

Machine-guided design of cell-type-targeting cis-regulatory elements.

Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) control gene expression, orchestrating tissue identity, developmental timing and stimulus responses, which collectively define the thousands of unique cell types in the body1-3. While there is great potential for strategically incorporating CREs in therapeutic or biotechnology applications that require tissue specificity, there is no guarantee that an optimal CRE for these intended purposes has arisen naturally. Here we present a platform to engineer and validate synthetic CREs capable of driving gene expression with programmed cell-type specificity. We take advantage of innovations in deep neural network modelling of CRE activity across three cell types, efficient in silico optimization and massively parallel reporter assays to design and empirically test thousands of CREs4-8. Through large-scale in vitro validation, we show that synthetic sequences are more effective at driving cell-type-specific expression in three cell lines compared with natural sequences from the human genome and achieve specificity in analogous tissues when tested in vivo. Synthetic sequences exhibit distinct motif vocabulary associated with activity in the on-target cell type and a simultaneous reduction in the activity of off-target cells. Together, we provide a generalizable framework to prospectively engineer CREs from massively parallel reporter assay models and demonstrate the required literacy to write fit-for-purpose regulatory code.