Innovation Center Research Articles

Next-Gen Test Automation in Life Insurance: Self-Healing Frameworks

The exponential complexity of contemporary Life Insurance applications - shaped by stringent regulatory compliance requirements, dynamic customer - centric innovation, and expansive product diversification - has magnified the challenges of maintaining traditional test automation frameworks. These frameworks often falter under the weight of frequent application updates, evolving user interfaces (UI), and fluctuating backend integrations, leading to brittle test scripts and heightened maintenance costs. Self-healing test automation frameworks offer a cutting-edge, AI-driven solution to this paradigm. By leveraging advanced machine learning (ML) algorithms and intelligent heuristics, these frameworks autonomously detect, diagnose, and remediate test failures caused by changes in application elements, workflows, or environments. Through real-time adaptation to UI modifications, API updates, and evolving test environments, self-healing frameworks ensure uninterrupted testing cycles with minimal manual intervention, significantly improving efficiency and scalability. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the architectural design and operational mechanisms of self- healing test automation frameworks within the context of Life Insurance applications. Core focus areas include their ability to dynamically recalibrate element locators and adapt test scripts during runtime, thereby enhancing test coverage, optimizing maintenance workflows, and reducing the overall defect detection lifecycle. Through an in-depth analysis, the paper highlights the integration of AI-powered locator optimization engines, the deployment of predictive analytics for early anomaly detection, and the orchestration of continuous self-healing pipelines in CI/CD ecosystems. Detailed case studies from the Life Insurance domain illustrate tangible benefits such as accelerated regression cycles, substantial cost reductions, and improved system resilience. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Self – Healing, Life Insurance Applications, Quality Assurance, Test Maintenance Efficiency

Unveiling Sustainable Co-Creation Patterns in Entrepreneurial Ecosystems of Shanghai’s High-Density Urban Communities

Communities in China’s high-density cities, like Shanghai, are evolving from traditional residential roles into vibrant centers of entrepreneurial innovation. This research delves into the development of community-supported entrepreneurial ecosystems (CSEEs) in the city, with a specific focus on the sustainable co-creation mechanisms facilitated by stakeholders, explored through a comparative study framework. By utilizing Kelly’s Repertory Grid Technique, 14 essential elements of co-creation are identified, which form the framework for classifying the cases into three distinct types. This study employs in-depth interviews and content analysis to analyze and contrast how these co-creation patterns are applied across cases representing each type. The results show that key factors, such as resource origins, the interaction between CSEEs and embedded communities, and participant selection strategies, significantly shape the variations in value co-creation mechanisms, processes, and outcomes. Recognizing the variety of co-creation models is crucial for enhancing both the vitality and efficiency of Shanghai’s CSEEs. Furthermore, this study offers valuable insights into managing co-creation efforts and predicting risks in similar contexts, contributing to the sustainable regeneration of urban areas through community-driven entrepreneurship and innovation.

Expanding Teacher's technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge with funds of knowledge: An exploratory STEM professional development model using video creation workshops

AbstractRecent initiatives in the Philippines have underscored the significance of 21st‐century approaches to preparing K‐12 STEM public teachers to embrace technology‐enhanced pedagogies. This case study, part of a larger investigation, employed portraiture methodology to examine one science teacher's growth in technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) while integrating students' funds of knowledge (FoK) in a 4‐week science video creation workshop. The workshop trained the teacher as a learning doctor to diagnose teaching and learning impediments during pre‐ to post‐video production. Data included the teacher's pre‐ to post‐production video creation experience, reflections, and individual interviews. Findings indicated: (a) a gradual growth from a self‐assessed detached TPACK to an expanded TPACK, (b) concrete FoK integration, which served as a bridge to widen the teacher's TPACK, and (c) effective science video creation workshop, viewed through the lens of a science teacher as a learning doctor, offered explicit scaffolding to address teaching and learning impediments during video creation. The findings suggest that science video creation workshops represent an exploratory and innovative model for deliberate professional development (PD) in STEM education, particularly for teachers in rural areas. This model highlights the relevance of research integrating FoK and TPACK and offers a new approach to enhancing teachers' TPACK. The findings have potential implications for advancing PD for rural science teachers in the Philippines and STEM educators in rural areas globally, emphasizing the value of rural schools as centers for relevant pedagogical innovation in STEM education.

Strategies for a successful collaboration between a rural hospital and an academic medical centre

Rural hospitals are facing unprecedented financial challenges in the United States. The many factors contributing to the economic headwinds for rural hospitals result in reduced clinical services offered in local communities. Affiliations, mergers and acquisitions are a path for rural facilities to keep their doors open. Maintaining independence as a rural hospital by employing an affiliation approach with a larger health system can be a sustainable path under the right circumstances. This paper outlines a successful 12-year affiliation between a critical access hospital (CAH) and an academic medical centre (AMC) in Oregon. This paper outlines the underlying structure and governance of the collaboration, important management approaches, lessons learned and the results over the life of the affiliation. The results for the CAH include the growth of annual ambulatory visits from 15,000 to 131,000, adding 430 new employees, and increasing the total annual operating revenue from US$51m to US$193m. The results for the AMC include the development of an innovative joint venture rural cancer centre, the growth of rural graduate medical education rotations, and expanding clinical department faculty who work in a rural community setting. Enhancing health care in underserved areas aligns with the AMC’s statewide mission to serve all Oregonians as the AMC. There have been significant benefits to patients by increasing access to speciality services locally, including reducing miles travelled for cancer care. Our case study demonstrates that an affiliation structure between a CAH and an AMC can be a sustainable and beneficial approach to improving access to quality health care in rural communities and can strengthen the financial performance of both organisations.

Multi-actor rural innovation ecosystems: Definition, dynamics, and spatial relations

Innovation Ecosystems (IE) is an emerging concept that highlights the evolution of a group of actors working around common practices, products, processes, actions, and initiatives. While we can find various definitions of urban innovation districts/ecosystems and common traits that coherently define them at the urban level, only a few scholars have focused on understanding and further defining Innovation Ecosystems in the rural context. While rural communities and territories can be a generative ground for Innovation Ecosystems, housing resources and capacities to become vibrant centres of innovation based on local heritage and resources, the activation of multi-actor Rural Innovation Ecosystems in these areas still remains a challenge. This article presents a proposal for defining Rural Innovation Ecosystem, departing from the main differences with the urban IE highlighting common traits and main differences in order to accelerate and better disseminate their establishment. The rural contexts present relevant characteristics in which innovation can thrive, such as dependencies and relationships represented by geographies, area of interested corresponding to sectors, and social, human and cultural capitals which harness the potential of all community members.

Оцінка соціально-економічного потенціалу Дніпропетровщини: умови створення технічного освітньо-наукового кластеру

The article highlights the concept of a «Technical Educational and Scientific Cluster» (TESC). It is established that its structural foundation is based on a developed university ecosystem, which includes participants in the educational process, infrastructure facilities, and structural units – scientific and educational institutes, colleges, lyceums, incubators, and technoparks, which interact with each other creating a unique synergy aimed at the innovative development of a particular region and industries, such as: engineering, aerospace, transport, chemical, metallurgical, construction, etc. It is determined that the integration of the cluster into the region's economy involves the development of cooperation not only between educational institutions and enterprises but also with local authorities, business associations, and investors, which influence the formation of the region's socioeconomic potential (SEP) and ensure the creation of a favorable environment for the development and implementation of new technologies in production. This contributes to the development of the region's economy, increasing its competitiveness on the global market of goods and services. Emphasis is placed on the university, which plays a key, integrating role and is the core of the cluster, uniting various elements of the ecosystem and ensuring their effective interaction and has a direct and profound impact on the region's SEP. In fact, it becomes an innovative center of the region, not only generating new knowledge and training highly qualified personnel but also creating a powerful synergistic effect by cooperating with businesses. Such a tandem contributes to the rapid commercialization of scientific developments, the birth of new technological startups, and, as a result, the growth of the region's economic potential. At the same time, by involving students in scientific research and entrepreneurial projects, it forms an innovative culture, increases social mobility, and contributes to improving the quality of life of residents, increasing the investment attractiveness of Dnipropetrovsk region, and forming a stable position to changes in the economy. It is emphasized that the development of TESC is impossible without taking into account the specifics of the region's SEP. Constant monitoring of such factors as the level of education, the innovative activity of enterprises, and the investment climate allows adjusting the cluster's development strategy and ensuring its compliance with the needs of the region

Opportunities and challenges halal tourism in Indonesia in the era of human-centered technology (society 5.0)

Indonesia, as a Muslim-majority country, has great potential in developing halal tourism that meets the needs and preferences of Muslim travelers. However, in its implementation, the sector faces various challenges. Along with the emergence of Society 5.0, which focuses on technology that empowers humans, the challenges and opportunities in the development of halal tourism are also increasingly complex. Society 5.0 aims to answer and address social issues that arise along with the industrial revolution 4.0, by placing humans at the center of innovation. This study aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges faced by halal tourism in the Society 5.0 era. The research method used is a qualitative method with written data collection techniques through literature studies. After the data is collected, it is then analyzed descriptively to produce research findings. The results showed that halal tourism in the Society 5.0 era has good opportunities thanks to the role of technology in improving access to information, personalization of tourist experiences, operational efficiency, and the development of innovative halal tourism products. However, major challenges are still faced related to standardization, infrastructure quality, human resource quality, global competition, and cybersecurity risks. Overcoming these challenges requires a collaborative strategy between the government and the private sector, utilization of technology for efficiency and safety, improving the quality of human resources, and more intensive promotion in both domestic and international markets. With the implementation of this strategy, Indonesia's halal tourism sector can develop optimally, strengthen the country's economy, and meet global market demand.

Mastering the uncontrollable: The Ottomans and the use of modern technologies.

This special section on technology-in-use in the last decades of the Ottoman Empire strives to strengthen the dialogue between historians of the late Ottoman Empire and historians of technology interested in the way technologies were appropriated, domesticated, and used beyond the great centers of technological innovation, with a special emphasis on all kinds of users, including nonhuman ones. The ruling elites of this multiethnic and multireligious land empire strove to instrumentalize new inventions and techniques to improve the empire's geopolitical standing, but in an era marked by interimperial competition, by the rise of nationalism, and by the global expansion of capitalism, the circulation, appropriation, and use of these innovations and techniques proved far beyond their control. From steamships and railways to electricity, the focus is on the ways technologies were appropriated and used in the Ottoman Empire, how they were integrated into the everyday lives of the people, and how they shaped and were shaped by profit-making and political agendas, which reveals the rapid and enormous impact of new technologies on peripheral regions of the world.

Non-cost Related Sources of Medication Nonadherence in the Medicare Population

Abstract Significant research and attention to date has focused on cost-related medication nonadherence as rising prescription drug prices worsen affordability and access for many Americans. This study investigated self-reported sources of medication nonadherence, measuring both cost- and non-cost-related medication nonadherence among community-dwelling Medicare Part D beneficiaries in 2022. 13.7% of beneficiaries (4,589,843) reported some type of medication nonadherence; 7.5% reported medication nonadherence related to cost and 6.2% reported for non-cost reasons. Beneficiaries reporting food insecurity, poor functional status, and lack of understanding of the Part D benefit were more likely to report both types of medication nonadherence after adjustment for socio-demographic factors. Beneficiaries receiving the Low-Income Subsidy had lower odds of reporting cost-related but greater odds of reporting non-cost-related medication nonadherence. These findings suggest that non-cost-related sources of medication nonadherence, such as beneficiary preferences or beliefs, understanding of their health situation or insurance coverage, and ability to fill a prescription are significant contributors to overall nonadherence. Non-cost-related medication nonadherence should be considered alongside recent changes to the Part D benefit and in future Part D CMS Innovation Center models, such as the proposed Medicare $2 Drug List Model, in order to maximize the impact of these initiatives.

Orchestrating Resources in Green Startups: Learning from Case Studies

This study examines the characteristics of green startups and the progression of their resource utilization patterns during the pandemic emergency, focusing on case studies from the Startup Incubation and Innovation Centre (SIIC) of the Kanpur Indian Institute of Technology (IITK). This study explores how these startups overcame lockdown challenges and identified the resources they utilized throughout various development stages. The findings reveal that the green startups in the sample share characteristics of visionary and inventive startups, often lacking formal business education but possessing strong technical skills and social engagement. They rely heavily on human and social resources in the early stages, leveraging their networks and stakeholder support to define and develop their green innovations. The research also highlights the importance of open innovation strategies, particularly in the product development stage, where startups leverage research labs and expertise within the IITK ecosystem. This study increases the literature on green startups and offers practical recommendations for young green entrepreneurs, emphasizing the importance of operating in familiar industries, building stakeholder networks, and utilizing open innovation strategies for successful green innovation development.

STI or DUI modes of innovation: Evidence from comprehensive evaluation of four cities in China

The Science and Technology Innovation Center holds a pivotal position in the national science and technology innovation system, and a scientific evaluation of the “Sci-tech Innovation Center” will guide its construction direction. This study found the advantages and disadvantages of the four cities through comparison; Hence improvement suggestions were proposed for the weaknesses of the four cities. There are two main paths for the government to drive technology innovation: STI (Science and Technology Innovation) mode and DUI (Doing, Using, Interacting) mode. With the aid of the evaluation index system of the Sci-tech Innovation Center, this article uses fuzzy sets, rough sets and fuzzy dynamic clustering methods to comprehensively evaluate the effects of driving technology innovation in the four cities of Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou. The results found that Shenzhen has a significant effect in DUI, and Beijing has a significant effect in STI. The choice of path is related to the abundance of innovation resources.

Sounding out voice biometrics: Comparing and contrasting how the state and the private sector determine identity through voice

The voice biometrics industry is promised today as a new center of digital innovation. Tech companies and state agencies are massively investing in speech recognition and analysis systems, pushed by the belief that the acoustics of voice contain unique individual characteristics to convert into information and value through artificial intelligence. This article responds to this current development by exploring the under-researched datafication of the auditory realm to reveal how the sound of voice is emerging as a site for identity construction by both states and corporations. To do so, we look at two different case studies. First, we examine a patent granted to the streaming service Spotify, which aims to improve the platform's music recommendation system by analyzing users’ speech. Second, we discuss the use of voice biometrics in German asylum procedures, where the country of origin of undocumented asylum seekers is determined through accent analysis. Through these seemingly distinct case studies, we identify not only the common assumptions behind the rationale for adopting voice biometrics, but also important differences in the way the private sector and the State determine identity through the analysis of the sounding voice. These two entities are rarely examined together and are often conflated when addressing practices of auditory surveillance. Thus, our comparative and contrastive approach contributes to existing scholarship that questions the claimed efficiency and ethics of voice biometrics’ extractive practices, further defining the operations and assumptions of the private sector and the State.

Comparative Analysis of Inorganic and Organic Sources on Economic Viability Productivity of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.)

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) (Family: Zingiberaceae), Known as "Indian Saffron," a long-used and revered spice, is a significant commercial spice crop farmed in India. Known by many as the "Golden Spice of life," it is one of the most vital spices and a staple in cuisine all over the world. A tropical perennial plant native to Indonesia and India, turmeric is grown all over the world's tropics. India grows this significant commercial spice. It is ingrained in Indian tradition. The world's best turmeric is thought to come from India. In many Asian nations, Indian colloquial names are known as pasupu, haldi, manjal, and kunyit. Just 6% of India's land is used for growing spices and condiments, despite the country being the world's top producer, exporter, and supplier of 78% of the world's supply of turmeric. Furthermore, among Indian spices, turmeric is the second-biggest earner of foreign cash. India being one of the major producers of turmeric, contributes 80% to global production. In the year 2018-19, turmeric production was 389 thousand tonnes, with area and productivity 246 thousand hectares and 5646.34 kg per hectare respectively. The growth pattern of the area, production, and productivity of turmeric over the period of time indicate the growing contribution of production over the area expansion to the increased yield. India uses almost 80% of the world's turmeric. It makes up 80% of global production. With the largest proportion of 38% of all India's turmeric area, Andhra Pradesh is referred to as the "Turmeric Bowl of India," with Orissa coming in second. Another important policy strep i.e. “One District One Product” under Centrally Sponsored Scheme PMFME (PM Formalization of Micro food processing Enterprises Scheme), Turmeric is listed in the selected product in all states, this is an additional scope under which states can be encouraged to adopt cluster approach and group approaches such as FPOs, SHGs (Self Help Groups) and producer cooperatives. This will help to bring the win-win situation to both farmers and the microenterprises. Also, except Assam, the spread of formal/organized food processing units are scanty, the innovation center for developing value-added products from the traditional knowledge can be encouraged so that in the long run the product can be easily scaled up.

Strategies used for knowledge dissemination and outreach in a renewable energy project

This work describes the actions carried out by participants of the Mexican Center for Innovation in Ocean Energy project (CEMIE-Océano) to disseminate their advances and results, to the general public and to the scientific community. The project was set up to assess the energy potential in Mexican coastal areas related to waves, tides and currents, and salinity and thermal gradients, and also to investigate their expected environmental and social impacts. The main actions by the CEMIE-Océano dissemination, outreach and press area, 2017 - 2023, were the design, construction and administration of the project website, the regular publication of activities and major achievements on social media via Facebook and Twitter, and the editing of 28 scientific books and nine editions of a biannual newsletter. Eight work meetings, three conferences and a range of science dissemination seminars were also organized. With the strategies presented in this work, for a value close to 3% of the total project budget, the participation of all the collaborators was achieved. In addition, the CEMIE-Océano project is widely recognised within the community of scientists from Mexico and Latin America, and others interested in renewable energies and energy transition issues. Keywords: CEMIE-Oceano project, ocean energy, dissemination, outreach.

Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy and infant growth: a mediation analysis of a randomised trial

Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) can improve birth outcomes, but whether it confers benefits to postnatal growth is unclear. We investigated the effect of IPTp on infant growth in Uganda and its pathways of effects using causal mediation analyses. We analysed data from 633 infants born to mothers enrolled in a randomised trial of monthly IPTp with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) vs. sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) (NCT02793622). Weight and length were measured from 0 to 12 months of age. Using generalised linear models, we estimated effects of DP vs. SP on gravidity-stratified mean length-for-age (LAZ) and weight-for-length Z-scores (WLZ). We investigated mediation by placental malaria, gestational weight change, maternal anaemia, maternal inflammation-related proteins, preterm birth, birth length, and birth weight. Mediation models adjusted for infant sex, gravidity, gestational age at enrolment, maternal age, maternal parasitaemia at enrolment, education, and wealth. SP increased mean LAZ by 0.18-0.28 Z from birth through age 4 months compared to DP, while DP increased mean WLZ by 0.11-0.28 Z from 2 to 8 months compared to SP among infants of multigravidae; at these ages, confidence intervals for mean differences excluded 0. We did not observe differences among primigravida. Mediators of SP included birth weight, birth length, maternal stem cell factor, and DNER. Mediators of DP included placental malaria and birth length, maternal IL-18, CDCP1, and CD6 at delivery. In high malaria transmission settings, this exploratory study suggests different IPTp regimens may influence infant growth among multigravidae, potentially through distinct pathways, in the exclusive breastfeeding period, when few other interventions are available. Stanford Center for Innovation in Global Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Covestro invests €100 million in R&D to enhance global innovation centers

Covestro invests €100 million in R&D to enhance global innovation centers

The Analysis of Strategic Development of Tesla in Chinese Electric Vehicles Market

Since 2012, Tesla has established many factories and research and innovation centers in China. This paper examines the strategic development of Tesla in the Chinese electric vehicles (EV) market and reveals several key findings. As one of the world’s leading EV manufacturers, Tesla’s expansion into China has been a significant milestone in its global growth strategy. The analysis focuses on Tesla’s market entry strategy, competitive positioning, localization efforts, and the impact of Chinese policies and market dynamics on its operations. By studying Tesla’s strategic decisions and outcomes in the Chinese EV market, this paper provides insights into the opportunities and challenges faced by multinational companies in the rapidly evolving Chinese EV industry.

Research and Development Alliance for Competitiveness and Product Value Enhancement in the Hand Tools and Aids Industry

Through ongoing research and development (R&D), there has been great progress, including the development and improvement of medicine, health practices and nutrition that can extend lives. With the ageing population, it is important that the elderly require the help and assistance they may need to carry out their daily lives and have the best quality of life possible. Taiwan is an example of a country where the ageing population continues to grow, to the extent that Taiwan is an Aged Society. Distinguished Professor Dengchuan Cai is Director of the R&D Centre of Product Innovation and Assistive Technology, which is based within the Department of Industrial Design at the National Yunlin University of Science and Technology in Taiwan. He is passionate about R&D and its crucial role is pushing forward scientific enquiry. He and his team are working to develop tools and devices that can benefit the lives of the elderly. Cai is harnessing his background in human factors engineering and industrial design to apply knowledge in skills in functionality, useability and appearance to advance his investigations and wider R&D. One of many foci for the Centre is competitiveness and product value enhancement in the hand tools and aids industry, which is particularly beneficial for the elderly. A key invention for the Centre has been pillows with different heights for when a person is lying on their front or lying on their side to help maintain the natural posture of the spine when sleeping and thereby improve sleep quality. Another key technology is a dementia prevention bicycle built on the concept of reverse pedalling.

Semmelweis University’s innovative Center of Preventive Services in support of healthy ageing

Abstract Issue/problem Europe’s aging population presents substantial hurdles for healthcare sustainability. To alleviate the social and economic impacts of age-related diseases, promoting healthy aging is imperative. However, motivating individuals to adopt a healthier lifestyle proves challenging. Description of the problem Semmelweis University, a leading institution in medicine, health sciences, and health care in Hungary and Central Eastern Europe, has addressed this challenge by establishing the Center of Preventive Services (CPS), serving 12,500 Semmelweis University employees. The CPS conducts comprehensive health risk assessments and offers consultations with specialists in preventive medicine, public health, dietetics, physiotherapy, and health psychology. Motivational interviewing is used to enhance patient engagement and commitment to healthy lifestyle changes. Results The CPS has effectively integrated preventive services into the university’s healthcare system, reaching a significant number of employees. Early results show improvements in participants’ lifestyle and health behaviors due to the effective use of motivational interviewing. According to the first preliminary result, a study on step count conducted within the CPS found that those taking part in motivational interviewing session were able to increase their average daily step count by 1074 (95% Confidence Interval: 116-2033) steps more than controls. Lessons The Semmelweis University’s CPS provides valuable lessons for integrating healthy aging-focused preventive care into healthcare systems: 1. Effective preventive care requires targeted interventions based on detailed risk assessment and motivational interviewing; 2. Embedding preventive services within existing health infrastructure improves accessibility and utilization; 3. Collaborative and multidisciplinary approaches are essential to comprehensively address the needs of ageing populations. Key messages • Motivational interviewing boosts the effectiveness and engagement of preventive health services, which is essential to meet the challenges of ageing populations. • The Semmelweis University’s model program shows that embedding preventive services into the infrastructure of existing institutions like universities is scalable for better public health.

Hybrid FCMG-OP-FIS model approach to convert regression into classification data for machine learning-based AQI prediction

Air pollution from vehicle emissions, industrial activities, and medical facilities poses significant health risks in urban areas, underscoring the necessity for robust air quality index (AQI) monitoring. This paper presents a novel method for AQI prediction by integrating a fuzzy centre merge graph with an optimal value-based fuzzy inference system (FCMG-OP-FIS) and machine learning (ML). Traditional ML techniques encounter difficulties when converting regression datasets into classification formats, particularly when unable to label the dataset using the traditional method. The proposed FCMG-OP-FIS model efficiently converts regression data into a classification framework. Unlike traditional AQI prediction methods that rely solely on pollutant data, this approach incorporates both pollutant and meteorological data to improve prediction accuracy. The innovative fuzzy centre merge graph (FCMG) balances the dataset for optimal solutions and facilitates input grouping for Simulink, simplifying rule management. The FCMG-OP-FIS model generates a regression output for AQI, which is subsequently classified into levels (healthy, moderate, or unhealthy) using IF-THEN rules. To enhance accuracy further, a random forest classifier (RFC) is trained on the FCMG-OP-FIS classified output data. The regression output of the FCMG-OP-FIS model is validated using metrics such as RMSE (0.48), MSE (0.23), MAE (0.23), and MAPE (1.77%). Additionally, the classification output from the RFC model employs advanced validation techniques including stratified shuffle validation, grid search cross-validation, and confusion matrix analysis, achieving an accuracy rate of 99%, with the F1 score, precision, and recall over all at 99%. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in accurately labelling data for classification and predicting AQI through ML, highlighting its potential for practical application in environmental monitoring and management.