Injury In Man Research Articles

Do emergency medical dispatchers choose the same response to serious injury in men and women – a qualitative study

BackgroundRecent research has indicated that sex is an important determinant of emergency medical response in patients with possible serious injuries. Men were found to receive more advanced prehospital treatment and more helicopter transportation and trauma centre destinations and were more often received by an activated trauma team, even when adjusted for injury mechanism.Emergency medical dispatchers choose initial resources when serious injury is suspected after a call to the emergency medical communication centre. This study aimed to assess how dispatchers evaluate primary responses in trauma victims, with a special focus on the sex of the victim.MethodsEmergency medical dispatchers were interviewed using focus groups and a semistructured interview guide developed specifically for this study. Two vignettes describing typical and realistic injury scenarios were discussed. Verbatim transcripts of the conversations were analysed via systematic text condensation. The findings were reported in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) checklist.ResultsThe analysis resulted in the main category “Tailoring the right response to the patient”, supported by three categories “Get an overview of location and scene safety”, “Patient condition” and “Injury mechanism and special concerns”. The informants consistently maintained that sex was not a relevant variable when deciding emergency medical response during dispatch and claimed that they rarely knew the sex of the patient before a response was implemented. Some of the participants also raised the question of whether the Norwegian trauma criteria reliably detect serious injury in women.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the emergency medical response is largely based on the national trauma criteria and that sex is of little or no importance during dispatch. The observed sex differences in the emergency medical response seems to be caused by other factors during the emergency medical response phase.

Immediate Effect of a Kinesiotape Bandage on Knee Mechanics during Functional Tests in Female Rugby and Football Athletes: A Pilot Study

Background: Some bandages with Kinesiotape have demonstrated some potential as means of prevention for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury in men. Objective: The main objective of this pilot study was to observe if a Kinesiotape bandage at the knee could potentially have an immediate preventive effect against ACL injuries by improving proprioception and balance and reducing knee valgus and anterior translation of the tibia during certain functional tests in female athletes. Materials and Methods: A cross-over clinical trial including 10 female athletes (football and rugby) was conducted, where the two lower limbs of the 10 participants (n = 20) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (IG) or to the control group (CG). A Kinesiotape bandage was placed on one knee with a tension of 75% (IG, n = 10) and another bandage on the other knee with a tension of 10% (CG, n = 10), as a placebo. Ultrasound assessment and functional tests were performed before (T1) and after (T2) bandaging according to group assignment. A videographic analysis was carried out with the ImageJ Software version 2.0. Results: A statistically significant reduction in knee valgus was observed in the Lateral Step Down test in the IG, compared to the CG (p < 0.05; η2p = 0.26) (IG-T1: 151.40 ± 11.04°; IG-T2: 157.10 ± 10.18°; versus CG-T1: 156.96 ± 5.44°; CG-T2: 158.68 ± 6.12°). In the other tests, no significant differences were found in terms of time × group interaction. Conclusions: A Kinesiotape bandage was able to reduce knee valgus in a functional test compared to a placebo bandage but was not more effective at reducing the anterior translation of the tibia or improving balance or proprioception. Based on these results, it could have a modest preventive effect against an ACL injury in female athletes.

Epidemiology of Injuries in Men's Professional and Amateur Football (Part I).

Background (1): Football is the most popular sport among men, associated with a certain risk of injury, which leads to short- and long-term health consequences. While the injury profile of professional footballers is known, little is known about the injury profile of amateur footballers; amateur football is a major and diverse area, the development of which should be a priority for football associations around the world and UEFA. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of epidemiological literature data on injuries in professional and amateur football players belonging to certain leagues. Methods (2): A systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines was performed until June 2023 in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Google Academic, Google Scholar, and Diva portal. Forty-six studies reporting injury incidence in professional and amateur men's football were selected and analyzed. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality using an adapted version of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) to assess risk of bias for the quality of external validity. Results (3): The overall incidence of injuries in professional male football players was 7.75 ± 2.28, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h of exposure and that of amateur football players was 7.98 ± 2.95, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h of exposure. The incidence of match injuries (30.64 ± 10.28, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 exposure hours) was 7.71 times higher than the training injury incidence rate (3.97 ± 1.35, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h) in professional football players and 5.45 times higher in amateurs (17.56 ± 6.15 vs. 3.22 ± 1.4, 95% confidence interval, injuries/1000 h). Aggregate lower extremity injuries had the highest prevalence in both categories of footballers, being 83.32 ± 4.85% in professional footballers and 80.4 ± 7.04% in amateur footballers: thigh, ankle, and knee injuries predominated. Conclusions (4): Professional and amateur football players are at substantial risk of injury, especially during matches that require the highest level of performance. Injury rates have implications for players, coaches, and sports medicine practitioners. Therefore, information on football injuries can help develop personalized injury risk mitigation strategies that could make football safer for both categories of football players. The current findings have implications for the management, monitoring, and design of training, competition, injury prevention, especially severe injury, and education programs for amateur football players.

A demographic study of death caused by unintentional injuries in Iran during 2011–2018

IntroductionThe rate of deaths and injuries caused by unintentional injuries, especially driving accidents, in Iran is globally high. This study aims to explore the rate of the death due to unintentional injuries. Material and MethodsThis quantitative research used the secondary analysis of the data on death caused by unintentional injuries obtained from the civil registration statistics based on ICD10 from 2011 to 2018. Excel 2016 software was used for the analysis, and indices of rate, percentage, sex ratio, and years of life lost (YLL) were taken into consideration. ResultsThe rate of death caused by unintentional injuries in Iran during the years 2011–2018 was almost constant but slightly decreased. The main decrease was for women and older people. In 2016, the rate of death due to unintentional injuries in men was 3.3 times that of women, and the highest rate of years of life lost (YLL) due to premature mortality was for men aged 14 to 49. The results also show that the death rate is high in less developed provinces with poor road conditions. ConclusionDespite the policies adapted about the deaths caused by accidents and the reduction of them, the results of the study show that one of the main groups and the target of these policies, namely young men, has not been affected much yet, and the death caused by accidents in young men is still high. Focusing on this population group, policies should be made to reduce the death of young men caused by accidents.

Computed Tomography Scan Head Findings in Patients With Various Glasgow Coma Scales Presenting with Head Injury in Emergency of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: To associate the findings of CT scan with the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) of cases presenting with head trauma in the Emergency Department.
 Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Emergency Department, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jul to Dec 2021.
 Methodology: Ninty head injury cases of either gender, aged 12-60 years were included using non-probability consecutive sampling. The severity of the head injury was determined via GCS. CT scan findings were noted. 
 Results: The mean age was 22.21±11.10 years. The highest frequency of patients was noted in the age group of (13-29 years).The most common cause of head injury in men was road traffic accidents n=39/58(67.24%). As per GCS scoring, 63.3% of patients had mild brain injury. A strong association was observed between GCS and CT scan findings in cases with brain oedema (p=0.002), skull fracture (0.018) and no findings on CT scan (p-value≤0.001). No association between findings on CT scan and GCS scoring was noted in cases with epidural, subdural hematoma, cerebral contusions, intracranial and subarachnoid haemorrhage.
 Conclusions: There is a lack of association between brain injury based on GCS scoring and CT scan findings. Using GCS scoring only for assessing the degree of brain injury is insufficient.Keywords: Computed tomography (CT) scan, Glasgow coma scales (GDS), Head injury.

Effects of continuous use of Tadalafil on male sexual function after posterior urethroplasty: A clinical trial.

Posterior urethral injuries in men commonly occur following pelvic and perineal trauma. Erectile dysfunction (ED), whether brought on by the severity of the initial trauma or the surgery itself, is one of the complications in these patients. In this study, we divided candidates of posterior urethroplasty due to traumatic urethral injury into intervention and placebo groups; the former received continuous treatment with tadalafil (10 mg daily), and the latter received a placebo. Other services were provided equally to both groups. Before and after the intervention, both groups completed the International Index of Erectile Function version 5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire, and the findings were analyzed. Forty patients were studied in groups of 20 with a mean age of 43.87 ± 15.70 years. The patient's most common cause of urethral injury was a pelvic fracture. Before the intervention, the mean scores of IIEF for patients in the intervention group and placebo group were 14.85 ± 7.39 and 14.77 ± 6.48, respectively with no statistical significance (p = 0.962) and patients of the groups were similar in terms of the severity of ED. The mean IIEF score in the intervention group was 20.12 ± 4.94 and in the placebo group, it was 18.05 ± 4.88 at the three-month follow-up, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.063). In both the intervention and placebo groups, the IIEF score was significantly increased by 5.27 ± 4.04 (p < 0.001) and 3.27 ± 2.97 (p < 0.001), respectively. The rate of IIEF increase in the intervention group was higher than in the placebo group during the follow-up at 3-month follow-up with statistical significance. (p = 0.022). The findings of this study suggest that tadalafil, in a 3-month treatment course, may improve erectile function in individuals with mild-to-moderate ED, significantly more than placebo. However, more studies, specifically with longer duration of follow-up and larger populations, are necessary for generalizing the current findings.

Management of Pelvic Trauma-Associated Urethral Injury in Men

Management of Pelvic Trauma-Associated Urethral Injury in Men

Gender-Related Differences in the Levels of Ambulatory BP and Intensity of Antihypertensive Treatment in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis.

Prior studies have shown that among patients with chronic kidney disease not yet on dialysis, the faster progression of kidney injury in men than in women is, at least partly, explained by sex differences in ambulatory blood pressure (BP) control. The present study aimed to investigate potential differences in the levels of ambulatory BP and intensity of antihypertensive treatment between men and women with end-stage kidney disease undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). In a case-control design, 48 male PD patients were matched for age and heart failure status with 48 female patients in a 1:1 ratio. Ambulatory BP monitoring was performed with an oscillometric device, the Mobil-O-Graph (IEM, Stolberg, Germany). The BP-lowering medications actually taken by the patients were prospectively recorded. No gender-related differences were observed in 24 h systolic BP (129.0 ± 17.9 vs. 128.5 ± 17.6 mmHg, p = 0.890). In contrast, 24 h diastolic BP was higher in men than in women (81.5 ± 12.1 vs. 76.8 ± 10.3 mmHg, p = 0.042). As compared with women, men were being treated with a higher average number of antihypertensive medications daily (2.4 ± 1.1 vs. 1.9 ± 1.1, p = 0.019) and were more commonly receiving calcium-channel-blockers (70.8% vs. 43.8%, p = 0.007) and β-blockers (85.4% vs. 66.7%, p = 0.031). In conclusion, the present study shows that among PD patients, the levels of ambulatory BP and intensity of antihypertensive treatment are higher in men than in women. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore whether these gender-related differences in the severity of hypertension are associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes for male patients undergoing PD.

Bone Mineral Loss at the Distal Femur and Proximal Tibia Following Spinal Cord Injury in Men and Women

Purpose: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes rapid bone loss and increases risk of fragility fractures in the lower extremities. The majority of individuals with SCI are men, and few studies have investigated sex as a biological variable in SCI-induced osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study aimed to quantify sex-specific differences in bone mineral following SCI. Methods: Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans of the distal femur and proximal tibia were obtained at baseline of one of four clinical trials enrolling people who sustained SCI 1 month to 50 years prior to recruitment. Bone volume (BV), bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and bending strength index (BSI) were quantified in the integral, trabecular, and cortical bone in the epiphysis, metaphysis and diaphysis. Scans from 106 men and 31 women were analyzed to measure sex-specific effects on bone loss over time post-SCI. Results: BMC and BSI declined exponentially as a function of time post-SCI and were best described by separate decay curves for men and women. Women had BV, BMC, and BSI at 58-77% that of men in the acute and plateau phases, with both sexes showing similar rates of loss as a function of time post-SCI. Trabecular BMD was best described as an exponential decay versus time post-SCI, with no sex-specific differences. Conclusions: Due to consistently lower BV, BMC, and BSI, women may be more susceptible to fractures after SCI than men.

Fracture Types Influence the Likelihood of Lower Urinary Tract Injuries in Patients with Pelvic Fractures.

The combination of pelvic fractures with lower urinary tract injuries (LUTIs) is a severe traumatic injury. This study was performed to determine the relationship between LUTIs and pelvic fracture types. Patients who sustained pelvic fractures combined with LUTIs between 1 January 2018 and 1 January 2022 in our institution were retrospectively analyzed. The patients' demographics, mechanism of injury, presence of open pelvic fractures, types of pelvic fractures, patterns of LUTIs, and early complications were analyzed. The association between pelvic fracture types and the identified LUTIs was statistically analyzed. This study involved 54 patients diagnosed with pelvic fractures combined with LUTIs. The overall incidence of pelvic fractures combined with LUTIs was 7.7% (n = 54/698). All patients had unstable pelvic fractures. The male:female ratio was approximately 2.4:1.0. The incidence of LUTIs was higher in men than women with pelvic fractures (9.1% vs. 4.4%). Bladder injuries occurred at roughly equal rates in men and women (4.5% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.966), but urethral injuries were more frequent in men (6.1% vs. 0.5%, p = 0.001). The most common pelvic injury pattern was a type C fracture according to the Tile classification and a vertical-shear-type fracture according to the Young-Burgess classification. The Young-Burgess fracture classification was related to the severity of bladder injury in men (p = 0.037). There was no significant difference in bladder injury according to the two classifications among women (p = 0.524 vs. p = 1.000) or among the entire cohort (p = 0.454 vs. p = 0.342). Men and women are equally likely to sustain a bladder injury, but a urethral injury with pelvic fracture is more frequent in men. LUTIs tend to be accompanied by unstable pelvic fractures. It is imperative to be vigilant for potential bladder injury when men sustain vertical-shear-type pelvic fractures.

Low energy availability reduces bone mass and gonadal function in male mice

In women, the female athlete triad, marked by low energy availability, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and osteoporosis, is a recognized risk for stress fractures. Stress injuries also occur in men, but by contrast risks and mechanisms underlying them are less characterized. 5week-old wild-type male mice were fed ad libitum (ad) or subjected to 60% food restriction (FR) for five weeks. In both groups, some mice were allowed access to an exercise wheel in cages to allow voluntary wheel running (ex) and/or treated with active vitamin D analogues. Mice were sacrificed and analyzed at 10weeks of age. Male FR mice exhibited significantly reduced testicle weight, serum testosterone levels and bone mass. Such bone losses in FR male mice were enhanced by exercise. Histological analysis revealed that both bone-resorbing and -forming activities were significantly reduced in FR or FR plus exercise (FR + ex) mice, mimicking a state of low bone turnover. Significantly reduced bone mass in FR or FR + ex male mice was significantly rescued by treatment with active vitamin D analogues, with significant restoration of osteoblastic activities. Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), which is critical for bone remodeling, were significantly lower in FR versus control male mice. Low energy availability puts men at risk for stress injuries as well, and low energy availability is upstream of gonadal dysfunction and osteoporosis in males. Active vitamin D analogues could serve as therapeutic or preventive options for stress injuries in men.

Descriptive Epidemiology of Injuries Sustained in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's and Women's Lacrosse, 2004-2005 Through 2013-2014 Seasons.

Background: Men's and women's lacrosse operate with significantly different rules, equipment, and contact. Previous studies have assessed injury rates (IRs) in either men's or women's lacrosse, but a few studies have compared injury patterns in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men's and women's lacrosse. Purpose: We sought to examine whether there were differences in injury type, mechanism, setting, and time loss in men and women playing lacrosse in the NCAA. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study using data collected by the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (ISP) during a 10-season period (2004-2005 to 2013-2014). The data were assessed for potential differences in injuries between male and female lacrosse players and analyzed to obtain descriptive statistics through calculations of rates, percentages, and confidence intervals (CIs). Main outcomes measured were IRs per 1000 athletic exposures (AEs) and injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs. Results: The IRs were 5.19 per 1000 AEs in women's lacrosse and 6.52 per 1000 AEs in men's lacrosse. Men had more injuries overall than women in competitions and practices and in preseason, regular season, and postseason play. Preseason IRs were higher than the regular season, and competition injuries were greater than practice injuries in both sexes. Women had more injuries to the head/face, knee, lower leg, and foot. Sprains, strains, concussions, and contusions were the most common types of injuries in both sexes. Overuse/gradual onset, cartilage, concussion, inflammation, and tendinosis injuries were more common in women than men. Injuries in men resulted in time loss more often than injuries in women. Conclusions: Our retrospective study's findings suggest that there were differences in injury patterns between men's and women's lacrosse. Future prospective research should assess whether these disparities are due to differences in equipment and rules and whether changes to these factors can reduce injuries.

Mechanisms of ACL injuries in men's football: A systematic video analysis over six seasons in the Qatari professional league.

To assess the mechanisms of ACL injury in male professional football players in Qatar across multiple seasons using systematic video analysis. 15 ACL injuries occurred in competition among the professional football teams that participated in an injury Surveillance Programme during 6 seasons (2013/2014 to 2018/2019). High-definition broadcast videos of these injuries were analyzed (49 views; 34 slow motion) by five analysts who independently described the injury mechanisms (situation, behavior, biomechanical characteristics) using validated observational tools. A knee valgus mechanism was observed in two-thirds of the cases (1 with direct contact to the knee, 3 with indirect contact (other body parts) and 6 with no contact). No visible valgus was reported in 2 of the direct knee contact injuries, while 3 cases of non-contact and indirect contact injuries were unclear. We observed 4 main categories of injury situation among those (n = 12) classified as non-contact/ indirect contact (multiple combinations were possible): pressing (n = 6), tackling or being tackled (n = 4), blocking (n = 3) and screening (n = 2). Direct contact injuries (n = 3) were suffered by 2 players during tackling and 1 whilst being tackled. Contact injuries represented only 20% of ACL injuries occurring during competition in Qatari professional soccer players. Independent of the playing situation, knee valgus was frequently observed (10/15 cases). Pressing was the most common situation (6/15 cases) leading to injury. Landing after heading was not reported in any of these ACL injuries.

Risk of accidents and unintentional injuries in men and women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder across the adult lifespan.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with risk-taking behavior, leading to accidents and unintentional injuries (summarized here as incidents). Main aim of this study is to determine if men and women with and without ADHD differ in the risk of mild (treated outpatient) and severe (treated inpatient) incidents across the adult lifespan (age groups: 18-29; 30-59, and ≥60 years). Secondary aim: investigate the role of comorbid mental disorders and drugs for the treatment of these comorbidities, and ADHD-medication. Using anonymized German claims data (N=4,575,027), adults with ADHD diagnosis during 2016-2019 (N=17,041) were compared with a 1:4 age and sex-matched group without ADHD diagnosis. Regression analyses statistically tested group differences. Incidents occur in a U-shaped form across the adult lifespan. Individuals with ADHD show the same pattern but at a substantially increased risk of both mild and severe incidents throughout the lifespan. Women without ADHD are at lower risk in young adulthood than men but at higher risk in older adulthood. Women with ADHD show the same pattern for severe incidents, but for mild incidents they have the highest risk throughout the lifespan. Co-occurring anxiety disorder and the use of psycholeptics and ADHD-medication decreased the incident risk. We extend available knowledge which has hitherto focused on young adult males and traffic accidents. ADHD is associated with increased incidents across the adult lifespan, with distinct patterns regarding age, sex, and incident severity. An accurate diagnosis of ADHD in adulthood provides the first step towards prevention of accidents and unintentional injuries.

Hamstring injury rates have increased during recent seasons and now constitute 24% of all injuries in men’s professional football: the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study from 2001/02 to 2021/22

ObjectivesTo: (1) describe hamstring injury incidence and burden in male professional football players over 21 seasons (2001/02 to 2021/22); (2) analyse the time-trends of hamstring muscle injuries over the most...

Which typical floor movements of men’s artistic gymnastics result in the most extreme lumbar lordosis and ground reaction forces?

ABSTRACT Back pain is prevalent among gymnast populations and extreme flexion or extension of the lumbar spine along with high ground reaction forces (GRFs) are known to increase intervertebral stress. The aim of this study was to determine which postures and dynamic conditions among common floor movements provide the greatest risk of injury in men’s artistic gymnastics (MAG). For this purpose, lumbar spine curvatures, obtained through a full-body subject-specific kinematic model fed by motion capture data, and GRFs on feet and hands were compared between typical floor movements of MAG (pike jump, round off back handspring, front handspring, forward and backward tucked somersaults) performed by six adolescent gymnasts. The round off back handspring and the pike jump resulted respectively in the largest lumbar extension and flexion, and the forward tucked somersault take-off in the highest GRF. At ground impacts, the largest lumbar flexion was during the backward tucked somersault landing and only the back handspring hands ground contact phase led to lumbar extension. Such identification of high-risk conditions should enable better back pain management in gymnastics through more tailored training adaptations, particularly in case of pathologies or musculoskeletal specificities.

Epidemiology of injuries in men's professional lacrosse among 158 athletes in a single season

<h2>ABSTRACT</h2><h3>Background</h3> Injury rates and patterns in men's professional lacrosse are not well known. <h3>Objectives</h3> To define the injury rates and patterns which occur in men's professional lacrosse. <h3>Methods</h3> Injury data were collected during the inaugural season of a men's professional lacrosse league. Player demographics, including age, height, weight, team, games played, and position were recorded. Injuries were detailed by type (contact v noncontact), field surface (turf v grass), timepoint within the season, and location on the body. <h3>Results</h3> The overall injury rate over the course of a professional lacrosse season was 43.87% (68/155). Three players (1.9%) underwent surgery and 2 players (1.2%) sustained season-ending injuries. There was no significant difference between injured and noninjured players on the basis of age, height, weight, field surface, and position played. There was a statistically significant difference in noninjured and injured players based on total games played (7.8 vs 10.9 games, <i>P</i> < .001, odds ratio 1.3, 95% CI 1.17–1.47). Athletes playing in more games had a higher risk of sustaining an injury, compared to athletes playing in fewer games. Forty-six percent of all injuries reported involved the lower extremity and 35% involved the upper extremity. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Slightly less than half of all professional lacrosse athletes reported an injury over the course of the season; however, season-ending injuries and injuries necessitating surgery were rare.

The Effectiveness of Trunk and Balance Warm-up Exercises in Prevention, Severity, and Length of Limitation From Overuse and Acute Lower Limb Injuries in Male Volleyball Players.

BackgroundInjuries in volleyball players are most common in the ankles and knees. Many volleyball players suffer from overuse injuries because of the strain placed on the lower extremities from repeated jumping. A characteristic of players who are most at risk for lower extremity injuries is the tendency to display trunk instability during landing, such as lateral flexion and rotation. Research has shown the effectiveness of exercise-based warm-up interventions for acute volleyball injuries. However, comprehensive analyses on the use of lower extremity, trunk, and balance programs to prevent overuse injuries are lacking.PurposeTo examine the effects of trunk and balance warm-up exercises on the prevention, severity, and length of limitation of overuse and acute lower limb injuries in male volleyball players.Study DesignProspective, single-cohort study.MethodsThis study involved the 2019 (control group) and 2021 (intervention group) male volleyball teams. The control and intervention groups were on the same team; however, seven players joined in 2021 through a sports referral program through which different players are recruited. Measurements included injury incidence rate, injury severity, and injury burden. The intervention involved the addition of trunk and balance exercises during the 2021 season.ResultsThere was no significant difference in injury incidence rates between groups. Injury severity decreased by 3.7 days for overuse injuries (p=0.04). Injury burden decreased by 11.8 (days/1000 player hours) overall and by 7.1 (days/1000 player hours) for overuse injuries.ConclusionThe results show that an exercise-based warm-up aimed at improving trunk posture during landing did not reduce the incidence rate of injury in men’s volleyball. However, the addition of this warm-up did significantly reduce the severity of overuse injury.Level of EvidenceLevel 3B

The Trend of Burn Injury Patients in Ningbo between 2012 and 2021: A Clinical Study.

Objective This study was designed to understand the local changes of burn injuries in recent 10 years, so as to provide reliable reference data and viewpoints for prevention and vigilance of local burn injuries. Methods In this study, 184 patients with a burn injury admitted to our hospital from 2012 to 2021 were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively. According to their information in the electronic database, the number of patients with burn injuries and the location of each disaster each year were analyzed, and the age, sex, hospital stay and hospitalization expense of each patient were collected. With 5 years as the boundary, the patients were divided into a 2012–2016 group and a 2017–2021 group and the differences of the two groups in the abovementioned aspects were compared. Results During 2012–2021, the incidence rate of burn injuries in men was higher than that in women and workplaces had a higher burn injury rate than residents' homes. Compared with the period of 2012–2016, the number of fires or explosions and the number of patients with a burn injury during 2017–2028 both increased, but there was no significant change in disaster location, male-female ratio, age, average hospital stay, and average hospitalization expense. Conclusion In the face of the increasing prevalence of burn injuries, we should strengthen fire-fighting knowledge-related education and fire prevention management and actively explore post-burn injury treatment strategies and potential treatment targets to promote the development of burn injury management and treatment strategies.

In vitro and in silico approaches to engineering three-dimensional biological tissues and organoids

<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> approaches to engineering three-dimensional biological tissues and organoids