Infrared Tully-Fisher Relation Research Articles

Evolution of the infrared Tully-Fisher relation up toz = 1.4

<i>Context. <i/>The Tully-Fisher relation represents a connection between fundamental galaxy parameters, such as its total mass and the mass locked in stars. Therefore, the study of the evolution of this relation in the optical and infrared bands can provide valuable information about the evolution of the individual galaxies through the changes found in each band.<i>Aims. <i/>This work aims to study the Tully-Fisher relation at high redshift in the <i>B<i/>, <i>V<i/>, <i>R<i/>, <i>I<i/>, and <i>K<i/><sub>S<sub/>-bands by comparison with the local relations derived from a large sample of galaxies in the redshift range 0.1 <i><<i/> z <i><<i/> 0.3, processed in the same way, and with the same instrumental constraints that the high-redshift sample.<i>Methods. <i/>Using the large amount of photometric information available in the AEGIS database, we determined the optimal procedure for obtaining reliable <i>k<i/>-corrections. Instrumental magnitudes were then <i>k<i/>- and extinction corrected and the absolute magnitudes derived, using the concordance cosmological model. The rotational velocities were inferred from the widths of optical lines in DEEP2 spectra. At high redshift, this method is found to provide more accurate results than using the rotation curve, because of spatial resolution limitations. Morphology was determined by visual classification of the HST images. From the above information, the Tully-Fisher relations in <i>B<i/>, <i>V<i/>, <i>R<i/>, <i>I<i/>, and <i>K<i/><sub>S<sub/>-bands are derived for the local and high-redshift sample.<i>Results. <i/>We detect evolution in the <i>B<i/>, <i>V<i/>, and <i>R<i/>-bands in the sense that galaxies were brighter in the past at the same rotation velocity. The change in luminosity is more noticeable in the bluer bands. This colour evolution, unnoticed in our previous work, is detected thanks to the more reliable <i>k<i/>-corrections carried out in this paper, which included photometry from <i>B<i/> to IRAC bands. The change in the (<i>V<i/>–<i>K<i/><sub>S<sub/>) and (<i>R<i/>–<i>I<i/>) colours (for a fixed velocity) could be interpreted as an ageing of the stellar populations as consequence of the star formation decrease since <i>z<i/> = 1.25. In addition, we conclude that spiral galaxies may have doubled their stellar masses in the past 8.6 Gyr.

Is there evolution in the infrared Tully-Fisher relation? Comparing two linear regressions

In a recent paper, Puech and co-workers compared K-band Tully–Fisher relations derived for nearby and distant galaxies, respectively. They concluded that the two relations differ, and deduced that there is evolution in the Tully–Fisher relations. The statistical comparison between the two regression lines is re-examined, and it is shown that the statistical test used gives non-significant results. It is argued that better results can be obtained by comparing the ‘inverse’ Tully–Fisher relations, and it is demonstrated by two different methods that the nearby- and distant-sample relations do indeed differ at a very high significance level. One of the statistical methods described is non-parametric, and can be applied very generally to compare linear regressions from two different samples.

THE EXTRAGALACTIC DISTANCE SCALE WITHOUT CEPHEIDS. III.

Distances of galaxies in the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project are based on the Cepheid period-luminosity relation. An alternative basis is the tip of the red giant branch. Using archival HST data, we calibrate the infrared Tully-Fisher relation using 14 galaxies with tip of the red giant branch measurements. Compared with the Key Project, a higher value of the Hubble Constant by 10% +/- 7% is inferred. Within the errors the two distance scales are therefore consistent. We describe the additional data required for a conclusive tip of the red giant branch measurement of H_0.

Multiparametric infrared Tully-Fisher relation as a tool for mapping cosmic flows

The peculiar velocity field for 907 galaxies with heliocentric radial velocities VH ≤ 3000 km/s is examined. The data are divided into three samples, organized according to the principles behind the method for determining the distance to the galaxies: the luminosity of the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB), fluctuations in the surface brightness, and the infrared Tully-Fisher relation for spiral galaxies viewed edge-on. The latter sample includes 410 galaxies. For determining the distance to the galaxies in this sample, additional regressors were introduced into the Tully-Fisher relation, in particular the “color index” K-m21, which make it possible significantly to reduce the dispersion with respect to the regression curve. All three samples showed good agreement in the peculiar velocity distribution. Based on each of these samples, as well as on the combined sample, detailed maps of the field of peculiar velocities of the galaxies are constructed for VH ≤ 3000 km/s. An analysis shows that most of the observed features of this map can be explained by large-scale density variations in the galactic distribution.

Peculiar velocities of 3000 spiral galaxies from the 2MFGC catalog

The 2MFGC catalog we have used contains 18020 galaxies selected from the extended objects in the 2MASS infrared sky survey as having apparent ratios of the axes b/a<0.3. Most of them are spiral galaxies of later morphological types whose disks are seen almost edge-on. The individual distances to the 2724 2MFGC galaxies with known rotation velocities and radial velocities are determined using a multiparameter infrared Tully-Fisher relation. A list of the distances and peculiar velocities of these galaxies is presented. The collective motion of the 2MFGC galaxies relative to the cosmic microwave background is characterized by a velocity V = 199 ± 37 km/s in the direction l = 304° ±11°, b = −8°±8°. Our list is currently the most representative and uniform sample for analyzing non-Hubble motions of galaxies on a scale of ∼100 Mpc.

An Infrared Determination of the Reddening and Distance to Dwingeloo 1

We present the first published infrared observations of the nearby, highly obscured galaxy Dwingeloo 1 (Dw 1), including deep H-band imaging covering a total of 49 × 49, together with J and Ks imagingof the central 25 × 25. We used the small dispersion of the intrinsic infrared colors of spiral galaxies to determine an infrared H-band extinction of AH = 0.47 ± 0.11 mag toward Dw 1. Using infrared colorsreduces the uncertainties in the reddening and distance by a factor of 3. The H-band magnitude, corrected for extinction, and the infrared Tully-Fisher relation are then used to estimate a distance modulusof (m - M)0 = 28.62 ± 0.27 and, thus, a distance of d = 5.3 Mpc, which places Dw 1 at the far end of the IC 342/Maffei 1-2 group of galaxies. Our result is largely independent of the nature of the reddening law because we estimated both the reddening and the distance at the same wavelength range.

Local calibrators for the infrared Tully-Fisher relation

view Abstract Citations (66) References (12) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Local Calibrators for the Infrared Tully-Fisher Relation Freedman, Wendy L. Abstract A calibration for the infrared Tully-Fisher relation is presented where H^abs^_-0.5_ = -10.26(log {DELTA}V -2.5) -21.02. The distances entering this calibration are based on recent data for Cepheids in five nearby late- type galaxies. The dispersion of the infrared Tully-Fisher relation derived from these calibrators is very low, formally amounting to only +/-0.15 mag. Given that the number of calibrating galaxies is still small, this dispersion is likely to be fortultously low. However, allowing for the present small number statistics and for plausible uncertainties in both the published line widths and Cepheid-based distance determinations, the dispersion calculated here for the calibrators is consistent with recent CCD observations of galaxies in distant clusters where a dispersion of less than +/-0.3 mag is quoted. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: June 1990 DOI: 10.1086/185732 Bibcode: 1990ApJ...355L..35F Keywords: Calibrating; Cepheid Variables; Cosmology; Infrared Radiation; Charge Coupled Devices; Galactic Clusters; Hubble Space Telescope; Astrophysics; COSMOLOGY; GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL ALPHANUMERIC: IC 1613; GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL MESSIER NUMBER: M33; GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL MESSIER NUMBER: M31; GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL NGC NUMBER: NGC 2403; GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL MESSIER NUMBER: M81; GALAXIES: INDIVIDUAL NGC NUMBER: NGC 300; GALAXIES: LOCAL GROUP; GALAXIES: PHOTOMETRY; STARS: CEPHEIDS full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (9) NED (6)

Nonlinearity of the Tully-Fisher relation

view Abstract Citations (24) References (24) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Nonlinearity of the Tully-Fisher Relation Mould, Jeremy ; Han, Mingsheng ; Bothun, Greg Abstract Because the fraction of dark matter in spiral galaxies varies with luminosity, or for a number of other possible reasons, the relation between infrared luminosity, and velocity width has previously been shown to be nonlinear. The relation between surface brightness and velocity width is now demonstrated to be nonlinear also. When these nonlinearities are taken into account, an apparent trend in surface brightness of cluster spirals with redshift is shown to be spurious. Apparent correlations of surface brightness and slope on cluster richness and cluster velocity dispersion also disappear. Neither this effect, nor an apparent trend in slope of the infrared Tully-Fisher relation with Hubble type, in themselves imply that the Tully-Fisher relation depends on the environment in which galaxies are located. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: December 1989 DOI: 10.1086/168101 Bibcode: 1989ApJ...347..112M Keywords: Dark Matter; Luminosity; Mass To Light Ratios; Red Shift; Spiral Galaxies; Astronomical Photometry; Extragalactic Radio Sources; Infrared Sources (Astronomy); Astrophysics; GALAXIES: PHOTOMETRY; GALAXIES: REDSHIFTS; RADIO SOURCES: 21 CM RADIATION full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (12) NED (9)

The use of dwarf elliptical galaxies as distance indicators - The relative distances between Virgo, Fornax, and Centaurus

view Abstract Citations (46) References (33) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The Use of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies as Distance Indicators: The Relative Distances between Virgo, Fornax, and Centaurus Bothun, Gregory D. ; Caldwell, Nelson ; Schombert, James M. Abstract Surface photometry of dwarf elliptical (dE) galaxies is used to extract photometric parameters that can be used as relative distance indicators between the Virgo, Fornax, and Centaurus clusters. A sample of objects is selected with uniform profile shape (i.e. exponential) and simple fits are made to derive central surface brightness, characteristic scale length, and total magnitude. Our selection criteria yields a sample ~25 dE galaxies in each cluster. The outstanding property of each cluster dE sample is the small dispersion around a mean angular scale length. Differences in the mean scale length can then be used to derive relative cluster distances. Using Virgo as the fiducial cluster, we derive R_Fornax_/R_Virgo_ = 0.93 +/- 0.07 and R_Centaurus_/R_Virgo_ = 1.91 +/- 0.07. These results are in good agreement with the relative cluster distances derived by Aaronson et at. using the infrared Tully-Fisher relation. However, the use of dEs produces distance estimates with considerably smaller error bars. In the case of Virgo, dividing the sample into two groups of dEs centered on M87 and NGC 4472 suggests that M87 is located behind NGC 4472. In the case of Centaurus, we find no evidence for the presence of two components separated in distance. If the distance to the Virgo cluster is 15 Mpc, then, using the relative Centaurus-Virgo distance derived here, we determine a mean peculiar velocity of 410 +/- 105 km s^-1^ for the Centaurus cluster. Publication: The Astronomical Journal Pub Date: November 1989 DOI: 10.1086/115237 Bibcode: 1989AJ.....98.1542B Keywords: Centaurus Constellation; Dwarf Galaxies; Elliptical Galaxies; Virgo Galactic Cluster; Charge Coupled Devices; Galactic Structure; Luminosity; Astrophysics; GALAXIES: DISTANCES full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (219) NED (171) Related Materials (1) Erratum: 1990AJ.....99..736B

Large peculiar velocities in the Hydra-Centaurus supercluster

Distances from the infrared Tully-Fisher relation have been obtained with the Parkes radio telescope for six clusters of galaxies in the Hydra-Centaurus supercluster. One of these clusters is Pavo, a possible extension of the supercluster on the south side of the galactic plane. Three of these clusters show significant positive peculiar velocities of order 500 km s^-1^ in a comoving reference frame in which the observer is at rest with respect to the cosmic microwave background radiation. The net peculiar velocity of the sample suggests that Hydra-Centaurus tends to share the motion of the Local Group in this reference frame. When added to the Arecibo cluster sampLe, the data also fit a model in which two mass concentrations, one at Virgo and one just beyond the centroid of the Parkes sample, perturb the Hubble flow. A full model of the gravitational field in the sample volume based on the distribution of IRAS galaxies provides a better fit to the data without requiring a mass distribution different from the distribution of galaxies. Despite the significance of the peculiar velocities of some clusters, the present sample can only put an upper limit on the rms one-dimensional peculiar velocities in the population of gravitationally perturbed clusters from which it is drawn. This upper limit is v_pec_(rms) &lt; 400 km s^-1^. These measurements of peculiar velocities remain consistent with the expectations for a universe dominated by cold dark matter, although the coherence length of the Virgo-Hydra-Centaurus flow is an uncomfortable constraint.

Large Peculiar Velocities in the Hydra Centaurus Supercluster

Six clusters forming part of the Hydra-Cen Supercluster and its extension on the opposite side of the galactic plane are under study at 21 cm with the Parkes radiotelescope. The infrared Tully-Fisher relation is used to determine the relative distances of the clusters. These clusters exhibit significant and generally positive peculiar velocities ranging from essentially zero for the Hydra cluster to as much as 1000 km/sec for the Pavo and Centaurus clusters. An upper limit of 500 km/sec was previously found in the study of clusters accessible from Arecibo. Data collection is not yet complete, however, and is further subject to unstudied systematic errors due to present reliance on photographic galaxy diameters. Nevertheless, these preliminary results support the notion of a large scale (and presumably gravitationally) disturbed velocity field in the second and third quadrants of the supergalactic plane.

The local extragalactic velocity field, the local mean mass density, and biased galaxy formation

view Abstract Citations (39) References (16) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The Local Extragalactic Velocity Field, the Local Mean Mass Density, and Biased Galaxy Formation Brown, M. E. ; Peebles, P. J. E. Abstract In this paper, a relationship is derived between the local mass density and the perturbation of the local Hubble flow. The local mass density is estimated by the method used in the Virgocentric flow. The infrared Tully-Fisher relation of Aaronson et al. (1982) is used to find limits on the gravitational perturbation to the local Hubble flow and bright galaxy counts (N) are used to estimate the local galaxy concentration. It is concluded that if mass is proportional to N, with no fluctuations, and the local mass per galaxy is a fair sample, then the density parameter is roughly 0.1, consistent with other dynamical estimates and inconsistent with the naive interpretation of biasing which accounts for the low apparent mass density derived from clustering dynamics by the assumption that the mass per galaxy is unusually low in the regions of high density where clustering has been studied. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: June 1987 DOI: 10.1086/165304 Bibcode: 1987ApJ...317..588B Keywords: Galactic Clusters; Galactic Evolution; Local Group (Astronomy); Mass Distribution; Space Density; Velocity Distribution; Astronomical Models; Computational Astrophysics; Red Shift; Astrophysics; COSMOLOGY; GALAXIES: CLUSTERING; GALAXIES: FORMATION; GALAXIES: REDSHIFTS full text sources ADS | data products NED (16) SIMBAD (15)

Non-Uniformities in the Hubble Flow: Results from a Survey of Elliptical Galaxies

We have used a new distance estimator for elliptical galaxies to determine the peculiar velocities, with respect to a uniform Hubble flow, of approximately 400 galaxies. The relative distances of five clusters in common with those of Aaronson et al. (1981, 1986), based on the infrared Tully-Fisher relation for spirals, are in good agreement.We do not see the reflex of the Local Group motion with respect to the microwave background out to recession velocities of 6000 km s−1. Rather, the frame of elliptical galaxies appears to be moving with respect to the microwave background with a velocity of 600 km s−1 towards 1 = 312°, b = +6°. This motion is consistent with a re-analysis of the Rubin et al. (1976) data on the magnitude-diameter relation for ScI galaxies and with the nearby and cluster samples of Aaronson et al. (1982, 1986).

A catalog of radio, optical, and infrared observations of spiral galaxies in clusters

view Abstract Citations (158) References (39) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS A catalog of radio, optical, and infrared observations of spiral galaxies in clusters. Bothun, G. D. ; Aaronson, M. ; Schommer, B. ; Mould, J. ; Huchra, J. ; Sullivan, W. T., III Abstract The authors present the results of a major observational program on the luminosities, colors, and gas contents of spiral galaxies in clusters of galaxies. These data have been used as part of a detailed investigation into the nature of cluster spirals and for revisions of the distance scale using the infrared Tully-Fisher relation. The observational strategies, reduction procedures, and sources of error are briefly discussed. The data include 21 cm H I observations, UBVR multiaperture photometry, and H-band photometry of serveral hundred spiral galaxies in 10 clusters. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Pub Date: March 1985 DOI: 10.1086/191010 Bibcode: 1985ApJS...57..423B Keywords: Astronomical Photometry; Galactic Structure; Infrared Astronomy; Radio Astronomy; Spiral Galaxies; Centimeter Waves; Galactic Clusters; Hydrogen; Luminosity; Tables (Data); Astronomy full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (459) NED (448)