Video Information Research Articles

Effects of metaphorical communication on vaccine confidence in the adolescent population

Abstract Vaccine hesitancy, defined as delay or refusal of vaccination despite the availability of vaccination services, has been included by WHO among the top 10 global health threats. Individual decision-making process can be strongly affected by communication. The use of metaphors is common in public health communication and increased during the COVID19 pandemic. Although some evidence has supported the persuasive potential of metaphorical language over scientific language, further research is needed. Our study aimed at comparing the effects of neutral scientific talk with war and protective metaphors on health communication. An online survey was conducted on a convenience sample of Italian teenagers randomly allocated to three study arms. Each participant was invited to watch a specific version of an informative video on infections and vaccines (group 1: neutral-scientific approach, group 2: metaphorical-war, and group 3: metaphorical-protective approach). After watching the video, each participant responded to an ad-hoc questionnaire. A total of 2681 subjects were randomly allocated to the three groups. No significant differences regarding age, sex and geographical area were detected between groups. Median age of the sample was 17 years (mean 16,8) and 56.8% were girls. The general attitude towards vaccination in group 2 and 3 was largely positive, with the majority agreeing (strongly or tend to agree) on the fact that vaccination is important (group 2: 89%; group 3: 92%), safe (group 2: 91%; group 3: 92,5%), effective (group 2: 85%; group 3: 88%), and does not generate anxiety (group 2: 80%; group 3: 83%). Higher level of distrust against vaccines was found in group 1, where 32% of participating adolescents are strongly or tend to be anxious about getting vaccinated. The results of our survey suggest that emotional involvement evoked through the use of metaphorical language may have, at least in the short run, some positive effect on vaccine confidence. Key messages • Use of metaphors can be successfully used in public health communication. • Messages evoking either war or protecting concepts are more efficacious than plain scientific language.

Using PPI and UDL principles to design a gastrointestinal endoscopy patient information video series

Abstract Introduction Patients undergoing GI endoscopy often experience anxiety and due to limited health literacy. Traditional paper-based information leaflets are often not sufficient to accommodate for the diverse way in which people consume information. Public and patient involvement (PPI) and universal design for learning are two well-described pedagogical principles. We wanted to use these principles to design more effective patient education materials. Objectives Given the heterogeneity of resources available to patients, the authors wanted to develop a high-quality and trustable video resources for patients that would be available on our hospital website. These videos would be co-designed by patients and ancillary staff, through the formation of a key stakeholder panel. Results Using PPI principles, we were able to improve the relevance and quality of our content, through the use of storyboards and the expertise of the stakeholder panel. Through the three key UDL principles of multiple means of representation, engagement and action and expression, we were able to ensure that our videos were accessible and appropriate for all of our patients. Initial feedback from stakeholders and patients provided valuable insights, prompting necessary adjustments for accuracy and patient understanding. This comprehensive approach underscores the commitment to enhancing healthcare delivery. Our project is the first guide in combining both pedagogical principles in the development of patient information and education materials. Conclusions The meticulous steps taken, from stakeholder engagement to video production, reflect a commitment to inclusivity and patient-centred care. Ongoing evaluation and feedback mechanisms ensure continuous improvement, contributing to the overall success and sustainability of the digital service. Key messages • This is the first research/patient education piece designed using both PPI and UDL principles. • The importance of patient-centred educational design is key to improving health literacy and education in our patients.

Using video observation to foreground children's voices in infant massage research

ABSTRACT This doctoral study examined the function of baby massage in supporting early infant-carer attachment relationships among families facing stressful life experiences. It was designed in response to Bennett, Underdown and Barlow's [Bennett, C., A. Underdown, and J. Barlow. 2013. “Massage for Promoting Mental and Physical Health in Typically Developing Infants Under the Age of Six Months [Online].” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4): 1–162] meta-analysis of studies examining the effects of baby massage on infant health, and their recommendation that further research focused on the outcomes for families they described as ‘higher risk’. Analysis of the available literature also identified a lack of fine-grained research foregrounding families’ experiences of infant massage. This qualitative project was located in the constructivist paradigm, using a praxeological case study methodology. Innovative techniques and participatory methods were used including an information video and film as a data source and reflective stimulus; approaches which engaged babies and carers as co-inquirers in the research. It also required a robust ethical framework; a ‘matrix’ of approaches to informed consent [Rouse, E. J. 2018. “How Infant Massage Enhances Pedagogical Attachment in Families Facing Challenging Circumstances.” PhD diss., University of Wolverhampton] . This paper positions video as a method that supports detailed observations of young babies and foregrounds their ‘voices’ in the research. It contributes a detailed account of the benefits, challenges and ethical considerations around using video, and argues that it can support adults who care for and work with young children to have a deepened understanding of infant communication.

Accuracy, Quality, and Misinformation of YouTube Abortion Procedural Videos: Cross-Sectional Study.

The internet is often the first source patients turn to for medical information. YouTube is a commonly used internet-based resource for patients seeking to learn about medical procedures, including their risks, benefits, and safety profile. Abortion is a common yet polarizing medical procedure. People interested in obtaining an abortion are likely to use the internet to learn more about abortion procedures and may encounter misinformed and biased information. This is troubling as information found on the internet can significantly alter perceptions and understanding of these procedures. There is no current research that evaluates the accuracy, quality, and misinformation of instructional abortion videos available to patients. The purpose of this study was to assess if any given video can deliver accurate and quality information about this topic in an unbiased manner and to assess the level of factually incorrect, distorted, or medically irrelevant information in any given video. Procedural methods of abortion were queried on YouTube on August 22, 2022. The videos were screened with strict exclusion criteria. Videos were categorized into "video slants" based on the language and attitudes expressed in each video. Video accuracy was calculated using the Surgical Curriculum in Obstetrics and Gynecology (SCOG) checklist for each corresponding procedure. Video quality was calculated using the Laparoscopic Surgery Video Educational Guidelines (LAP-VEGaS) criteria. The level of misinformation was assessed with the evidence-based Anti-Choice Rubric, which scores the amount of factually incorrect, distorted, or medically irrelevant information in each video. A total of 32 videos were analyzed and categorized into 3 "video slant" groups: neutral (n=23, 72%), antichoice (n=4, 12%), and prochoice (n=5, 16%). Using the SCOG checklist, neutral videos had the highest median accuracy (45.9%), followed by antichoice videos (24.6%) and prochoice videos (18.5%). None of the videos met the LAP-VEGaS quality control criteria, (score>11, indicating adequate quality). Neutral videos had a median score of 8.8 out of 18, with antichoice videos scoring 10.75 and prochoice videos scoring 6.2. Using the Anti-Choice Rubric, neutral videos mentioned only 1 factually incorrect piece of information. Antichoice videos mentioned 12 factually incorrect pieces of information, 8 distortions, and 3 medically irrelevant pieces of information. Prochoice videos did not mention any of the 3 themes. Using the SCOG checklist, the accuracy of instructional videos were inconsistent across the 3 identified "video slants." Using LAP-VEGaS criteria, the quality of educational videos were also inconsistent across the 3 "video slants." Prochoice videos had the lowest level of misinformation, with no mentions of any of the 3 themes. Antichoice videos had the highest levels of misinformation, with mentions in all 3 themes. Health care professionals should consider this when counseling patients who may watch YouTube videos for information regarding abortion procedures.

Reducing research participant disparities through use of a co-developed video intervention: A cohort nested pre-post study

Background Evidence on effective approaches for the recruitment of diverse populations remains limited. This study aimed to assess whether a co-developed study information video would improve participant ethnic diversity within a paediatric study cohort. Methods Pre-post study nested within the Uveitis in childhood prospective national inception cohort study, UNICORNS. Intervention of interest: study information and recruitment video with format and content co-developed with a patient expert group. Outcome of interest: the proportion of families from ethnic minority groups, and of families with primary caregivers without a higher educational degree who were recruited to the study, and the proportion of families who engaged in study activities (returned patient reported outcome metrics following recruitment) pre and post intervention implementation. Results During the study period, 191 children were recruited to UNICORNS (110 pre-intervention era, 81 post-intervention era). A larger proportion of families recruited in the post-intervention era were of an ethnic minority background (36% versus 20%, Fisher’s exact test p=0.02). A larger proportion of families returned self-descriptions of their sociodemographic background (100% versus 87%, Fisher’s exact test p=0.0003) and a larger proportion returned study specific patient reported outcome measures (70% versus 55%, Fisher’s exact test p=0.003). Conclusion Co-created digital research information resources can be an effective tool for ensuring better representation in research studies and may also support participant engagement overall. Our reported methods and findings should support other researchers in developing patient-centred and patient co-developed strategies and tools for the purposes of equitable access to medical research.

The Lookout Project: A Student-Run Mail-Based Overdose Response Kit Distribution Program Through Social Media During COVID-19.

Naloxone distribution and overdose education are key preventive strategies to reduce opioid overdose deaths. This paper describes the development and evaluation of The Lookout Project (TLP), a 501(c)(3) organization led by college students and based in Ann Arbor, Michigan. This research aimed to examine the outreach of TLP with hopes of creating a reproducible mail-based kit distribution program for college student-run organizations to replicate. TLP used a targeted social media advertising campaign to ask participants 7 multiple-choice questions concerning their demographics, previous incarcerations, experiences with intranasal naloxone (IN), and if they had watched the optional informational video in the opioid overdose response kit (OORK) order form. TLP's team distributed over 900 OORKs from August 3, 2020, to January 4, 2022, first by word of mouth and then through social media advertising that began on February 13, 2021. Of the 657 respondents who agreed to participate in research, the majority identified as white (76.0%, n = 400), did not identify with any specified ethnicity group (60.2%, n = 318), were female (60.8%, n = 356), were between the ages of 18 and 22 (35.4%, n = 209), had not been previously incarcerated (95.6%, n = 564), and did watch the hyperlinked video detailing how to respond to an overdose (74.7%, n = 438). Additionally, several kit recipients (2.8%, n = 19) responded to a follow-up survey. Of those, 7 people reported using the IN provided by TLP to reverse an overdose (36.8%, n = 7). TLP, a nonprofit organization founded by college students, shows potential for informing other student-run organizations about naloxone distribution programs using social media advertising.

Prospective evaluation of extended reality for neonatal intubation education

Purpose360° immersive videos may be useful in procedure-based healthcare settings. We hypothesized that extended reality (XR) neonatal intubation education is a feasible alternative to live demonstration in skill and knowledge transfer.MethodsThis was a prospective single center evaluation of an educational XR intubation video using Premature Anne™ (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway) comparing to a live demonstration. Participants were randomly allocated to either live demonstration or XR group. Each group received 20 min of teaching from the pediatric respiratory care education specialist, either in person or in video format. Intubation success, knowledge and skill acquisition were measured using a questionnaire and checklist.ResultsWe had a total of 23 participants, XR (n = 11) and live demonstration (n = 12). The groups were heterogeneous in experience level.The XR group was successful at intubating 73% of the time (n = 8), which was not significantly different to the live demonstration group 58% (n = 7) (p = 0.667). For patients who achieved intubation, there was no difference between groups in the mean time to successful intubation; 98 s (SD 73) for the XR group and 65 s (SD 22) for the live demonstration group (p = 0.685).When comparing scores between groups there were no statistically significant differences regarding knowledge scores (p = 0.514), skill scores (p = 0.826) and total scores (p = 0.926).ConclusionThese preliminary findings indicated no significant differences between the XR and live demonstration groups in terms of intubation success, knowledge acquisition, skill performance, total scores or time to successful intubation.

An overview of maglev trains

This paper provides a detailed review of maglev (magnetic levitation) trains, explaining the technology and underlying principles behind it. It also covers the history of this evolving mode of transport. Moreover, it addresses and analyzes the advantages and challenges of maglev trains compared to the traditional rail system: technical, infrastructural, and economic factors have been taken into consideration. Further, it explores the potential improvements to the technology to make it more efficient and cost-effective. The paper will focus slightly more on the Japanese maglev trains as they are the most developed. This paper aims to become a one-place resource for readers to gain knowledge about maglev trains. The author was motivated by the fact that this field, despite being so heavily researched, has a lack of research papers or articles published for readers and inquirers to easily learn about the whole concept; the majority of papers found were published in the early 2000s. Therefore, this paper also intends to include the latest advancements. It is an overview, written after going through multiple past research papers, websites, informative videos and videos of interviews from reliable and credible sources.

“I’ll Change My Beliefs When I See It”: Video Fact Checks Outperform Text Fact Checks in Correcting Misperceptions Among Those Holding False or Uncertain Pre-Existing Beliefs

Widespread concerns about the pervasiveness of misinformation have propelled one antidote to the center of scholarly attention: the journalistic fact check. Yet, fact checks often do not work as intended. While most fact checks are text only, a compelling theoretical argument can be made for using a video format instead. In this pre-registered experiment conducted in Germany ( N = 1,093), we investigated whether using video versus text can improve fact checks’ ability to correct misperceptions about transgender women, cannabis consumption, migration, and climate change. Video fact checks outperformed text fact checks, with those holding false or uncertain pre-existing beliefs benefiting the most. We contribute to motivated reasoning theory the idea that visual information can override directional reasoning better than textual information, and that processing fluency is the mechanism by which this occurs. Our findings paint an optimistic picture for the ability of fact checks to debunk misinformation, especially for those holding misperceptions.

Oral Diabetes Medication Videos on Douyin: Analysis of Information Quality and User Comment Attitudes.

Oral diabetes medications are important for glucose management in people with diabetes. Although there are many health-related videos on Douyin (the Chinese version of TikTok), the quality of information and the effects on user comment attitudes are unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of information and user comment attitudes related to oral diabetes medication videos on Douyin. The key phrase "oral diabetes medications" was used to search Douyin on July 24, 2023, and the final samples included 138 videos. The basic information in the videos and the content of user comments were captured using Python. Each video was assigned a sentiment category based on the predominant positive, neutral, or negative attitude, as analyzed using the Weiciyun website. Two independent raters assessed the video content and information quality using the DISCERN (a tool for assessing health information quality) and PEMAT-A/V (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials) instruments. Doctors were the main source of the videos (136/138, 98.6%). The overall information quality of the videos was acceptable (median 3, IQR 1). Videos on Douyin showed relatively high understandability (median 75%, IQR 16.6%) but poor actionability (median 66.7%, IQR 48%). Most content on oral diabetes medications on Douyin related to the mechanism of action (75/138, 54.3%), precautions (70/138, 50.7%), and advantages (68/138, 49.3%), with limited content on indications (19/138, 13.8%) and contraindications (14/138, 10.1%). It was found that 10.1% (14/138) of the videos contained misinformation, of which 50% (7/14) were about the method of administration. Regarding user comment attitudes, the majority of videos garnered positive comments (81/138, 58.7%), followed by neutral comments (46/138, 33.3%) and negative comments (11/138, 8%). Multinomial logistic regression revealed 2 factors influencing a positive attitude: user comment count (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.00, 95% CI 1.00-1.00; P=.02) and information quality of treatment choices (adjusted OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.09-2.04; P=.01). Despite most videos on Douyin being posted by doctors, with generally acceptable information quality and positive user comment attitudes, some content inaccuracies and poor actionability remain. Users show more positive attitudes toward videos with high-quality information about treatment choices. This study suggests that health care providers should ensure the accuracy and actionability of video content, enhance the information quality of treatment choices of oral diabetes medications to foster positive user attitudes, help users access accurate health information, and promote medication adherence.

Arabic Script Television Formats between Adaptation and Cultural Identity: A Case Study of The Killing

This paper discusses a comparative qualitative cultural study, using the content analysis approach. It examined the pattern of Script Television Formats (STF) in two versions of the Danish detective series Forbrydelsen, i.e. the Arabic version, named Dangerous Curve, and the American version, The Killing. It aimed to identify the localization of the adapted script versus the source material to accord with the needs of the two contrasting cultural identities, 42.48 hours of programming were viewed, eighty-nine episodes (44 of The Killing and 15 of Dangerous Curve) in total. The study focused exclusively on the elements that are emphasized or altered in the two versions, demonstrating how STFs of American and Arabic versions differ about their cultural identities. Results identified three significant elements displaying differences and similarities: characters, narrative structure, and length of the broadcast series.

Reality Show in the context of “Post-Documentary” Culture: Critics of Textual Approach

The purpose of the article is to review important aspects of the critical studies in foreign scientific discourse aimed at textual analysis of reality show as a genre and television format, which helps to reconsider its status as a phenomenon of “post-documentary” culture. The research methodology. The work uses, firstly, critical discourse analysis, which allows us to understand the limitations and counterproductiveness of textual analysis of reality show and helps to reveal the constitutive potential of television and cultural production practices, and, secondly, a cultural approach, which allowed us to identify the media-cultural features of reality show and show them as an element of “post-documentary” audio-visual culture in the XXI century. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time, through the prism of criticism of the textual approach, the peculiarities of reality show as a phenomenon of “post-documentary” audio-visual culture are revealed. Conclusions. It is proved that the counterproductiveness of the textual approach to the conceptualisation of reality show as a genre, since its production contradicts the general logic and the established perception of what a text should be. This genreform has more common with no certain genre traditions or textual features, but with the “processing of reality” at the intersection of fact and fiction, shifting attention from the text to its production. The proliferation of reality TV programmes illustrates the industry’s dependence on “reality” as a tool for advertising marketing and the logic of cultural production. It is affirmed that during conceptualising TV reality texts, it is necessary to pay attention to a number of industrial and market conditions and needs, which prioritises textual production practices and contexts that shape practical decisions, and allows for empirical access to the evolving and mutating genreform of reality show.

Implementation of a Telehealth Smoking Cessation Program in Primarily Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Black Patients: Courage to Quit Rolling-Virtual (CTQ-RV).

Preliminary data indicate that smoking cessation offered in a rolling group format is feasible and effective. The current study evaluated theimplementation and outcomes of the remote Courage to Quit-Rolling Virtual (CTQ-RV) smoking group treatment compared to its precursor in-person format (Courage to Quit-Rolling, CTQ-R). Virtual materials for CTQ-RV were adapted from in-person evidence-based programming, thus content in both groups was similar but delivered via videoconference or in-person. We used an interrupted time series design to examine feasibility by comparing attendance, monthly enrollment, and program completion between those who attended CTQ-R (July 2018-March 2020) versus CTQ-RV (April 2020-December 2022). There were 611 patients enrolled in tobacco cessation (N = 221 CTQ-R, N = 390 CTQ-RV). The average age was 59.4 years and most patients reported Black/African American race (81%) and female sex (69.5%). CTQ-RV proved feasible relative to CTQ-R, with higher rates of attendance (5.5 vs. 2.7 sessions, respectively), program completion (39.4% vs. 19%) and increased enrollment across each year (from 44.6 sessions per month in CTQ-R vs. 72.3 in CTQ-RV). CTQ-RV patients requested nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) at substantially higher rates (81.4%) than CTQ-R members (42.1%). Self-reported smoking abstinence at final session was higher in CTQ-RV compared with CTQ-R (33.3% vs. 15.7%). Within CTQ-RV, more than half (57%) of patients attended by video format, with outreach improving rates of video attendance each year. Results show that a transition to virtual rolling enrollment smoking group treatment is feasible and can augment treatment outcomes, such as engagement, NRT use, and self-reported cessation.

FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FOREIGN STUDENTS AT THE DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN INFECTIOUS DISEASES

The article highlights the experience of professional competence formation of foreign medical students with an English-language form of education at the Department of Children Infectious Diseases of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University. Traditional and interactive teaching methods used during classroom work with students are described. Professional competence involves the ability to use knowledge, skills and abilities in practice effectively. For future doctors, it includes mastering diagnostic methods, emergency situations management, and using modern technics of diagnosis and treatment. Aim. The aim is to describe and analyze methods of professional competence formation of foreign students at the Department of Children Infectious Diseases during classroom work. Research results. At the Department of Children Infectious Diseases, foreign students study children infectious diseases and elective disciplines - immunoprophylaxis of infectious diseases, clinical parasitology and tropical medicine. When teaching medical disciplines to foreign students, it is necessary to take into account their insufficient level of Ukrainian language proficiency, which is an obstacle to communicating with patients and fully mastering the method of taking anamnesis when working in the hospital near the patient’s bedside. Therefore, the teacher also plays the role of an interpreter. During practical classes control of the input level of knowledge is carried out with the use of multiple choice questions. The final level of knowledge is monitored using situational tasks. Work with the theoretical material takes place in the form of a discussion, the "round table" method with "brainstorming". The main part of the practical class is conducted at the patient's bedside in the departments of the infectious disease hospital. The teacher translates during direct communication between students and patients, corrects the techics of the examination. During classes, students receive structured mini-cases with a description of a clinical case and work in small groups. During case discussions, the teacher is liberal, ready to listen to various opinions and ways of solving a problem situation. Students of the fifth year visit lectures, during which teachers demonstrate multimedia presentations with graphs, schemes of pathogenesis, photos of patients. Combining the lecturer's comments with video information and animation greatly enhances the attention of the audience. Demonstration of clinical cases during the lecture, followed by a discussion in a dialog mode, is valuable. During the lectures, information about the epidemiological situation regarding a particular disease in the countries from which the students came is presented and discussed. Conclusion. For professional competence formation of future doctors, a combination of traditional and interactive teaching methods is effective. In the process of the professional competence formation, all its components should be taken into account: cognitive, motivational and personal. The use of the case method increases cognitive interest, promotes the development of communication skills and clinical thinking. A competent, highly qualified teacher who is fluent in English and uses modern information sources, is an active organizer and participant in the educational process.

Exploring strategies to mitigate Internet's environmental damage: An investigation of intrinsic, extrinsic, and price‐based strategies

AbstractThe internet infrastructure, for example, the data centers, is purported to be making substantial damage to the environment. While there are many studies on the national or global interventions and technology developments to minimize environmental damage from the internet, very few have investigated the individual level strategies. This study examines individual‐level strategies, including intrinsic motivation (IM), extrinsic motivation, and price‐based interventions, that internet‐based organizations can implement to minimize the environmental impact of internet usage. The research aims to identify the most effective strategy for reducing individual internet usage after individuals become aware of the environmental consequences. The survey experiment results demonstrate that combining all three strategies proves most effective in mitigating the environmental damage caused by internet usage. Extrinsic motivation is particularly effective, both in combination with other strategies and when utilized independently after raising awareness. The results also depict that when taken individually, price‐based strategies (PPSs) show a lower impact, while IM exhibits the lowest impact on behavior change. Additionally, males exhibit a higher inclination towards extrinsic motivation strategies based on the multi‐group analysis. Remarkably, individuals, regardless of gender, age, income, or level of internet activity, show a willingness to adopt PPSs to decrease internet usage after exposure to an informational video. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of strategies to minimize the environmental impact of individual internet usage.

Risk communication and public response to potential radiation emergencies in New York City.

Public knowledge and awareness about radiation (both natural and manmade) tend to be low, while perceived risk of radiation tends to be high. High perceptions of risk associated with radiation have been linked to the affect heuristic and general feelings of dread, which are often not proportionate to actual risk. For example, studies routinely show that members of the public rate the risk of radiation from nuclear power plants as significantly higher (and riskier) than radiation from medical X-rays. This disconnect can have implications for adoption of protective actions during a potential radiation emergency and the perceived efficacy of these actions. This study explores how risk communication efforts influence public risk perceptions, intended protective action, and perceived efficacy of those actions. Using unique data from a survey of New York City adults, we analyze how information provision using different formats-no information, an infographic, an informational video-impact perceptions and response to a hypothetical radiation emergency. We hypothesize that respondents who receive some information, either through the infographic or the video, will have higher perceived efficacy and are more likely to take protective action. Findings suggest that providing information about what to do during a radiation emergency has a statistically significant impact on both perceived efficacy and adoption of protective action. Respondents who saw the informational video were most likely to say that they would take the correct protective actions and had the highest perceived efficacy, followed by those who saw the infographic.

TikTok and Bilibili as health information sources on gastroesophageal reflux disease: an assessment of content and its quality.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a global chronic disease. Short video platforms make it easy for patients with GERD to obtain medical information. However, the quality of information from these videos remains uncertain. This study aimed to systematically assess videos related to GERD on TikTok and Bilibili. We conducted a search and gathered 241 Chinese videos related to GERD and recorded the essential information. Two independent evaluators assessed each video based on the completeness of six components of the GERD guidelines, and assessed the quality and reliability of the information in the videos using recognition tools. Finally, videos from different sources were compared. The uploaders of most videos were medical professionals (86.7%, n = 209). The content was mainly about symptoms and treatment. The quality of the videos information varied depending on the sources. Among videos posted on Bilibili, those posted by medical professionals had a lower content score for definition (P < 0.001). Videos produced by non-gastroenterologists had the highest mean modified DISCERN. (The DISCERN scoring tool was initially created for assessing written publications, but nowadays, it is frequently leveraged for appraising various health-related videos. Details can be found in the text) quality of the videos information was acceptable; however, the content varied significantly depending on the type of source used. Videos with broad content should be carefully screened to meet more needs.

YouTube videos on gingival grafting procedures: Content and quality analysis

BackgroundPeriodontal surgery for gingival defects is widely recognized by dental care professionals and researchers for its effectiveness in treating gingival recession and improving oral health outcomes. YouTube (Google LLC) is 1 of the health information sources patients and clinicians use, and assessing its content quality is crucial. The authors aimed to examine the content and quality of YouTube videos on gingival graft procedures. MethodsThe online video streaming platform YouTube was searched using the key word gingival graft. Two independent examiners analyzed a total of 120 videos; a third examiner assessed interrater reliability. Fifty videos that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The assessed content topics for these YouTube videos consisted of 13 different categories, and their overall quality was evaluated using the Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI). Statistical analyses were performed using SAS software, Version 9.4 (SAS Institute). ResultsThere were 23 videos in the high-quality content groups and 27 videos in the low-quality content group. Hospitals and universities uploaded most of the included videos. The most commonly discussed topics in the included videos were the patient’s condition (36 [72%]) and area of tissue graft (34 [68%]). The total VIQI score and flow had a significant impact on the overall content score (P < .05). ConclusionsThere was a direct correlation between total VIQI scores and total content scores and an inverse relationship between viewing rate and total content scores. Practical ImplicationsTo ensure patients receive accurate and up-to-date information about treatment, the authors recommend guiding them toward reliable resources by means of providing direct links to trustworthy websites, creating and sharing playlists of reliable educational videos, and offering printed materials with quick-response codes linking to verified sources. These actions will help patients easily access and trust the information they need for their treatment decisions.

School based inclusive mentoring within the scope of an experiential learning model (IEM) for teacher education

This research employed school-based Inclusive Experimental Monitoring (IEM) mentoring within the scope of Kolb's (1984) experiential learning model. This was used to support pre-service teachers, combined with their existing undergraduate education at a Turkish university. The study undertook a mixed research approach, using the pre- and post-test experimental group (n=11) and control group (n=11). Various quantitative and qualitative data collection tools were used, including a personal information form, scales, questionnaires, video recordings, and unstructured observation. The results indicate that IEM has several positive outcomes for self-efficacy in inclusive education and readiness for the teaching profession. However, the study did not find any substantial changes in attitudes towards individuals with special educational needs, despite some observed positive impacts. It is believed that integrating IEM into the entire undergraduate education process can lead to further development in this regard.

A Joanna Briggs Institute Framework Approach to Shared Decision Making in End-of-Life.

To implement shared decision-making (SDM) through a patient decision aid (PtDA) for the initiation of palliative care (PC) in end-of-life (EOL) cancer patients. A comprehensive Scoping Review was conducted on SDM in PubMed, CINAHL and PsycInfo. An evidence-based implementation of PtDAs was created using the Joanna Briggs Institute framework, which followed rigorous pillars: (1) context, (2) facilitation and (3) evaluation. Fifteen studies were identified and categorised into (1) Implementation characteristics and (2) Strategies for implementing SDM in terminally ill cancer patients. SDM should consider the decision-making location, optimal timing, participants and decision type. Strategies include professional training, PtDAs and implementation programmes. A PtDA implementation protocol in video format for deciding to initiate PC is proposed, following International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) and Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG). SDM implementation should be guided by evidence-based methodological models justifying and structuring its execution, especially in complex and interdisciplinary contexts. National or international frameworks facilitate the adoption of health innovations, such as PtDAs, benefiting patients and improving their usage. SDM is not just a concept but an important approach to the Care of cancer patients at EOL, enhancing patient satisfaction and improving care quality. The success and sustainability of SDM hinge on the fundamental aspects of staff training, interdisciplinary collaboration and ongoing evaluation. The lack of specific aid in Spanish underscores the immediate need for local development. Further research is needed in this area, as most reviewed studies did not measure SDM effectiveness in diverse hospital settings. This proposal was developed based on the experience and input of the nursing staff from the healthcare service where it is intended to be implemented.