Effect Of Information Technology Research Articles

Attention Among Health Care Professionals : A Scoping Review.

The concept of attention can provide insight into the needs of clinicians and how health systems design can impact patient care quality and medical errors. To conduct a scoping review to 1) identify and characterize literature relevant to clinician attention; 2) compile metrics used to measure attention; and 3) create a framework of key concepts. Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline (PubMed), and Embase (Ovid) from 2001 to 26 February 2024. English-language studies addressing health care worker attention in patient care. At least dual review and data abstraction. Article information, health care professional studied, practice environment, study design and intent, factor type related to attention, and metrics of attention used. Of 6448 screened articles, 585 met inclusion criteria. Most studies were descriptive (n = 469) versus investigational (n = 116). More studies focused on barriers to attention (n = 387; 342 descriptive and 45 investigational) versus facilitators to improving attention (n = 198; 112 descriptive and 86 investigational). We developed a framework, grouping studies into 6 categories: 1) definitions of attention, 2) the clinical environment and its effect on attention, 3) personal factors affecting attention, 4) relationships between interventions or factors that affect attention and patient outcomes, 5) the effect of clinical alarms and alarm fatigue on attention, and 6) health information technology's effect on attention. Eighty-two metrics were used to measure attention. Does not synthesize answers to specific questions. Quality of studies was not assessed. This overview may be a resource for researchers, quality improvement experts, and health system leaders to improve clinical environments. Future systematic reviews may synthesize evidence on metrics to measure attention and on the effectiveness of barriers or facilitators related to attention. None.

Examines the value of cloud computing adoption as a proxy for IT flexibility and effectiveness

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the value of cloud computing adoption (CCA) as a proxy for information technology (IT) flexibility (ITF) and IT effectiveness (ITE) among Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Jordan.Design/methodology/approachA research framework with five hypotheses has been developed based on the results of previous studies. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling has been used for data analysis.FindingsThe results revealed that elements of ITF in two domains, IT technical resource (connectivity, modularityand compatibility) and IT human resource (IT personnel skills) specific to CCA, were significantly correlated with ITE.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings have crucial implications: they contribute to the research community, administrators and cloud computing providers (CSPs) concerning the framework-improved procedure for CCA. The proposed model can enhance the awareness of service providers about why some SMEs accept cloud computing services, whereas actually the same ones having the same type of business do not. In addition, the above providers should enhance their interaction with the SMEs that contributed to the cloud computing knowledge to make a well-organized setting for the CCA, specifically, SMEs need that adopt an on-premise private cloud architecture. Moreover, necessary to determine the challenges in deploying solutions from the perspective of CSPs. The sample has been limited to Jordan respondents.Practical implicationsThe research studies about the usage of cloud computing have shown its effects on SMEs today. Also, the different impacts of cloud computing on other sectors are at the center of attention. SMEs could get significant advantages by carefully considering and managing CCA from the ITF and ITE perspective.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to develop a framework for CCA based on the standpoint of ITF in two domains, IT technical resources (connectivity, modularity and compatibility) and IT human resources (IT personnel skills) and effectiveness.

Assessing the Connections among Top Management Support, IT Assimilation, and the Business Value of IT: A Meta-Analysis

Scholars and practitioners have long tried to understand the antecedents and consequences of information technology (IT) assimilation. Studies suggest that top management support is an important driver of IT assimilation; however, this broad takeaway provides little substantive guidance to researchers and practitioners. We also have a limited understanding of whether and when IT assimilation creates business value. We take stock of this literature with a meta-analysis. We found that top management support is positively related to IT assimilation, and assimilation is in turn positively related to the business value of IT. We also found that explicit support does not have any special effect on IT assimilation (compared to implicit support) and may not be related to business value at all. However, our results indicate that IT assimilation has a stronger effect on business value at the process level (versus firm level) and for enterprise IT innovations (versus function IT innovations). Finally, we found that support-assimilation and assimilation-value relationships are stronger in high (versus low) power distance cultures. Our collective findings can facilitate future research and help practitioners navigate IT assimilation initiatives.

The Consequences of Information Technology, Information Sharing and Supply Chain Integration, towards Supply Chain Performance and Firm Performance

This paper presents the concerns in manufacturing supply chain. Further this study investigates the role of information technology (IT) and information sharing (IS) in manufacturing supply chain and determines its impact towards supply chain integration (SCI), supply chain performance (SCP), and manufacturing firm performance (FP) in Malaysia. The theoretical framework was proposed for the study on the basis of existing literature. The study administered a survey questionnaire to collect data from manufacturing firms in Malaysia with 112 respondents. A multiple regression analysis is conducted to establish the relationship between IT, IS, SCI, and FP. The study finds that IT and sharing has significant positive effect towards and performance. Firms that use IT and practice IS across partners in the supply chain are more likely to integrate their internal and external value chain for better performance both within and across the manufacturing firms in the supply chain. This study can be of interest to the manufacturing industry as well as other industry practitioners interested in improving the performance of the organization and supply chain in total. For supply chain practitioners, this results indicate that the firms should adopt IT and IS practices to strategically improve SCI. This in turn will also improve the supply chain network and firm’s performance. This study employs a newly developed framework which depicts the causal relationship between IT, IS, SCI, Supply Chain Performance, and FP in Malaysia. Furthermore, it closes a gap in existing literature by examining the effect IT and communication (ICT) practices toward manufacturing firms’ performance and SCP in a single setting. In addition, the current study attempted to construct a model which would estimate and interpret SCP and FP simultaneously, and to evaluate this model in an empirical fashion.

MANAJEMEN DAKWAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU BERIBADAH SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN DARUN NAJAH PETAHUNAN KECAMATAN SUMBERSUKO LUMAJANG

Behavior of santri worship at Darun Najah Islamic Boarding School PetahunanSumbersuko Lumajang, which lacks religious behavior such as a number of santri who stilldo not pray on time like dawn prayers, do not follow the activities of routine dhikr, do notread the Koran according to the specified schedule and other worship activities, areseparate problems for da'wah which need to be managed systematically through Da'wahmanagement so that they have good worship behavior. This study uses a qualitativemethod with the case study approach. The results of the study show that 1) Theimplementation of preaching management in the Islamic boarding school of Darun NajahPetahunan, Sumbersuko Subdistrict, Lumajang in improving santri worship behavior, iscarried out by planning, organizing, actualizing and overseeing the preaching program ofsantri worship behavior through the study of the yellow book material, the pesantrenculture developed is both mahdla and and ghairu mahdha. By upholding the culture ofta'dzim and polite behavior towards others and seniority created worship behavior on thestudents who not only know the teachings of Islam but also carry out the teachings ofIslam with their own awareness. 2) Supporting factors for the management of Islamicboarding school Darun Najah Petahunan Sumbersuko District Lumajang in improving thebehavior of students of religious worship include factors that desire students who havehimmah (enthusiasm) for learning, the participation of parents, awareness of runningworship services and reciting the mosque, the location of the mosque in front of theboarding school and the caregivers and religious teachers who always provide role modelsand have a good society. While the inhibiting factors are lack of discipline, the effect ofinformation technology development, increasingly negative association, theinconvenience of students to regulations, so that they require the involvement ofstudents, more affirmation of caregivers and better management of funding, increasedintensity of meetings and performance of administrators and caregivers who are closer tostudents to overcome the negative effects of information technology.

Effects of Information Technology (IT) on Internal Audit in Southwest Nigeria Universities

Abstract: This study examined the effects of information technology on internal audit in Southwest Nigeria Universities. Primary data were employed and questionnaires were distributed to the selected Universities. Out of 180 questionnaires, 152 questionnaires were filled and returned by the respondents. The study employed factor analysis and binary logit regression analysis as estimation techniques. The findings from factor analysis showed that Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett’s tests value was 0.786(78.6%) implying that the variables have a 78.6% variation in the data. The value of components variance revealed 62.750 on component 4 indicating that at component 4 there was 62.8% factor variation in the data. Nonetheless, the logit regression equation revealed that fraud discovery of IT (FD) has a positive and insignificant effect on internal audit. Also, IT effectiveness (ITE) revealed that ITE has a negative and significant effect on internal audit. Equally, asset recovery (AR) exhibited a negative and insignificant effect on internal audit. Furthermore, the external audit (EA) has a positive and insignificant effect on internal audit. This study concluded that a significant relationship exists between information technology and internal audit in Southwest Universities. It was recommended that Universities in Southwest should promote and encourage information technology in the internal audit department and also encourage the external users.

Technology use and constituting structures: accounting for the consequences of information technology on police organisational change

ABSTRACT The influence of information technology on organisational change has long been a concern in policing. Despite the assumption that technology holds great potential for improving police performance, studies suggest that technology delivers mixed results. In this article, we use a theoretical model well-known in studies on organisations and information systems but less familiar in criminal justice. The structurational model of information technology helped explain the complex processes underlying the organisational effects of a new records management system (RMS) in a single police agency. Using interviews, focus groups, and an agency-wide survey, we found that various designer and user groups interpreted and interacted with the RMS differently. Thus the same type of information technology led to the development of different ‘technologies-in-practice.’ Despite the agency’s concerted efforts to facilitate the RMS’s acceptance, these differences between groups led to unintended consequences, including reinforcing the traditional divide between street cops and management cops.

Impact of Information Technology on the Supply Chain Performance of the Car Segmentation Companies with Emphasis on the Integrity and Flexibility

Companies are struggling in a highly competitive environment to accelerate their operations and operations. Discussions such as globalization and the expansion of networks such as the Internet are important issues that affect the resources, marketing, and other issues that companies engage with. The effects of information technology in industries, in the supply chain areas and in the value chain, are evident from the relationship with suppliers to production and communication with customers, including the impact of information technology on the supply chain performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between information technology variables, integration and flexibility function in the automotive supply chain and the effect that information technology has on the supply chain performance. After collecting the data through a questionnaire from automobile manufacturers and analysis of the obtained model, the results show that the information technology which in this research includes the Internet, the organization’s network systems and combine system has a positive and direct effect on integration and flexibility. These results indicate that the use of information technology increases the integrity and flexibility of supply chain components and improves communication between them.

The use of ICT tools for teaching foreign languages in the military sector

<i>The article explores the issue of foreign language teaching using commercially available new technology tools that are becoming more and more active in the everyday life of the learner and the teacher, especially in the military sector. Interactive teaching has become an integral part of the process of learning and teaching the language. Interactive ICT education is a modern and effective form of education. It maximises students’ commitment and activity and gives them the opportunity to choose their own paths of learning and development, tailored to their abilities. By participating in the classes, students develop a learning style similar to the research process that improves teaching effectiveness. Using electronic information resources requires the use of modern IT tools, information and multimedia techniques. Experimental research into the effectiveness of information technology in a military school education has demonstrated that the use of these technologies is conducive to: high efficiency in the transmission of didactic content and skills by combining education and entertainment in one act, enabling simultaneous activation of several perceptual channels simultaneously. The learning process takes into account the individual pace and degree of real autonomy of learning foreign languages ​​in an active and creative way, increasing the motivation of students to develop the learner’s cognitive abilities. It can also contribute to national safety to a great extent.</i>

A Sociology of Power: My Intellectual Journey

This is an autobiographical review of the published research that I did over five decades of my academic life, from 1965 to 2015. It highlights the common thread that brings together my intellectual project through a great diversity of topics: the quest for a grounded theory of power. The review presents the gradual emergence of this theory without disguising the difficulties and contradictions in its development. I consider power relationships to be the foundational relationships of society in all domains. Here, I show how my research used this approach to study urban structure and spatial dynamics; the uses and consequences of information technologies; the process of globalization; the formation of a new social structure, the network society; and the interaction between communication and power in a digital environment. Finally, I propose a network theory of power in the network society, the society we are in.

Social informatics: Now and then

A decade after passing of Rob Kling, social informatics scholars come together on this panel to discuss past and current state of social informatics research. This panel will provide an overview of trajectory of social informatics from its emergence in Norway in early 1980s to its current status as a scientific and intellectual movement uniquely positioned to investigate computerization and society. From late 1970s, Kling and his colleagues engaged in study of social aspects of computing (Dutton, 2005) that would become arguably most significant version of social informatics when labeled as such in 1996. Social informatics was defined as the interdisciplinary study of design, uses and consequences of information technology that takes into account their interaction with institutional and cultural contexts (Kling, 1999). At that time, call to incorporate social, political, and cultural dimensions of ICT design and use threw down gauntlet, moving study of computerization and society in a decidedly social direction. Early social informatics research was primarily ethnographic and site specific or based on limited discourse analysis involving smaller case studies. However, in last decade, rise and pervasiveness of social media, has intensified need to understand interaction between social and technical making social informatics more relevant than ever. Recently, some social informatics scholars have heeded call and have become engaged more intensively in case studies and comparative analysis while others are conducting large-scale research, involving big data and quantitative techniques. Both types of research are driving social informatics into next stage of its evolution.

Teaching Cyberethics

The discussion of moral dilemmas is often proposed as one way to teach ethics. But can ethics be taught to everyone? Do participants’ value orientations predict the acquisition of moral competence in an educational context? This study presents data from an evaluation of a course on the social consequences of information technology (IT). IT-related dilemma discussions were used extensively in the course. The participants answered questionnaires at the beginning of the course and before their final exam at the end of term. Moral competence was measured with the Moral Judgment Test (MJT). A questionnaire on individual reflexive values was used for the assessment of value orientations. Although the participants’ average level of moral competence did not change significantly, there was evidence that participants with a high degree of materialistic values were less likely to acquire moral competence during the course.

Information Technology's Effect on Turkey's Foreign Trade: An Investigation for the Last Decade

The perception is widely held that the growth of the IT sector has become a major contributor to the recent economic growth and improvement of the productivity. Productivity is a concept that affects domestic economy and foreign trade volume of a country directly. Although it requires a painstaking effort to pin down all the variables that the production and productivity depend on, it is be possible to establish a relationship between IT investment, productivity, economy and foreign trade volume. This paper seeks to investigate the impact of IT on Turkey's foreign trade volume by using correlation method.

Commentary: Response to Hofer Commentary

We appreciate Dr. Hofer's thoughtful comments about our article as well as his well-researched commentary on the more general issue of the usefulness of statistical discrimination as a conceptual framework in disparities research. In response to his suggestion for additional analyses of our data, we have conducted two analyses to examine cross-level interactions between the physician estimate of coronary heart disease (CHD) prevalence and patient gender, with the outcome of certainty of the CHD diagnosis. As noted in our paper (Maserejian et al. 2009), physicians were more certain of the CHD diagnosis for male patients, even when we adjusted for their assessment of the CHD prevalence in the statistical model. We now add that a multiplicative interaction term, consisting of the three-level categorical variable reflecting the physician's belief about CHD prevalence (higher in men, higher in women, or no gender difference) by two levels of patient gender, was not statistically significant (p=.82). This nonsignificant finding supports our paper's findings that prior prevalence estimates did not explain (nor modify) the effect of gender on diagnostic certainty. We also conducted a stratified analysis, which we present in Table 1. Consistent with results of our paper, the gender effect persisted across all categories of physicians' beliefs of the CHD prevalence for men versus women. Interestingly, the gender difference slightly decreased in accordance with physicians' beliefs about the relative prevalence of CHD, but it must be noted that only a small number (n=18) of physicians assessed the prevalence as higher in women. Overall, prior belief about the relative prevalence of CHD did not meaningfully modify gender disparities in CHD certainty. Table 1 Stratified Analysis of Physicians' Assessments of Population Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Prevalence and Patient Gender, for the Outcome of Certainty of the CHD Diagnosis Beyond our empirical analysis, Hofer comments more broadly on the conceptual framework of “statistical discrimination” that we used to frame our results, but which has its origins in previous research. Hofer expresses concern that the “statistical discrimination” terminology has disadvantages, primarily in that it lumps together beneficial and detrimental reliance on prior data. We agree that the terminology casts a broad net and may be confusing; we observe informally that the term is used in an increasingly wide array of contexts and often with different interpretations of meaning. We also share some of Hofer's concerns about the importance of identifying and specifying mechanisms and hypotheses to facilitate interpretation of results and allow a clear understanding of the roots of disparities. At the same time, we recognize that the many nuances of statistical discrimination reflect the inherently complicated process of balancing individual patient-level data with prior data (including prevalence or personal experience) when both are needed for clinical decision making. We are therefore concerned that discarding all that statistical discrimination encompasses to simplify disparities research may impede the understanding of clinical decision making processes, by obscuring the often necessary tension between sources of data and the opposing ways in which they can influence clinical outcomes. For example, relying on existing prevalence data to help diagnose a patient of a particular group may be beneficial to the patient at hand, but in the aggregate continued reliance on population-level prevalence data could eventually be detrimental to patients of that group if such reliance substitutes for greater physician effort to derive individual estimates. Hofer's suggestion that clinical decision support can help correct some of these biases points toward some important next steps for research on quality of care, while also underscoring the enduring importance of the complexity involved in the statistical discrimination concept. In a separate analysis using data from the same study (Ketcham et al., 2009), we examined how information technology (IT), including clinical decision support, feedback, and electronic medical records, was associated with variation in clinical decision making. The observed gender disparities in CHD certainty were not lessened among physicians who reported using clinical decision support aids that provide disease prevalence data in their practice (clinical decision support was not provided during the experiment itself). Overall, IT's effects on disparities in diagnostic certainty and treatment were complex and multidirectional. Thus, current policies to reduce disparities by increasing IT adoption should proceed with caution, close monitoring, and process evaluation. Although clinical decision support is intended to be a step in the right direction, if physicians' preconceptions about the distribution of symptoms and conditions—whether accurate or inaccurate—interfere with their ability to receive, interpret, and diagnose patient-specific symptoms, then a central challenge to minimizing disparities remains. The complexity of the processes simultaneously operating in clinical decision making underscores the continued need for comprehensive decision making models.

Health Information Technology And Patient Safety: Evidence From Panel Data

The potential of health information technology (IT) to transform health care delivery has spurred health IT adoption and will likely contribute to increased investments in coming years. Although an extensive literature shows the value of health IT at leading academic institutions, its broader value remains unknown. We sought to estimate IT's effect on key patient safety measures in a national sample. Using four years of Medicare inpatient data, we found that electronic medical records have a small, positive effect on patient safety. Although these results are encouraging, we suggest that investment in health IT should be accompanied by investment in the evidence base needed to evaluate it.

Mapping Techno-Literary Spaces: Adapting Multiple Correspondence Analysis for Literature and Art Informatics

This paper describes the use of multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) for data exploration as part of a recently completed study of the use of information technology (IT) by literary authors. The study (Paling, 2005) discussed in this paper constitutes part of an ongoing effort to establish Literature and Art Informatics (LAI), the interdisciplinary study of the design, uses and consequences of information technologies that takes into account their role in the creative efforts of writers and artists (Paling, 2006; Kling, 1999). This paper is primarily methodological in nature, and has two goals:

Information Technology's Effects and Manufacturing Practices: An Empirical Analysis of Japanese Manufacturing Companies

Information Technology's Effects and Manufacturing Practices: An Empirical Analysis of Japanese Manufacturing Companies

Social informatics: A rubric with an identity crisis?

Abstract“A serviceable working conception of social informatics is that it identifies a body of research that examines the social aspects of computerization. A more formal definition is “the interdisciplinary study of the design, uses and consequences of information technologies that takes into account their interaction with institutional and cultural contexts” (Kling, 1999).

Changing perspectives on the organizational consequences of information technology

Early predictions of the impact of computers on organizations ranged from 'human - computer symbiosis' to automation and the collapse of jobs. The findings from impact research show that there was evidence for all predictions that were made. This demonstrated that the technology is very flexible and can be deployed to facilitate many different organizational outcomes. However, more recent research shows that the design processdespite significant progress in the adoption of user-centred methodsremains technocentric and organizational outcomes are often unplanned and unwanted. The paper concludes that current predictions about the development of virtual organizations are likely to be over simplistic and that the usage of methods to assess organizational options and design socio-technical systems are necessary if emerging forms of technology are to be effectively deployed.

Consequences of information technology on work in the twenty-first century

Consequences of information technology on work in the twenty-first century