Information Expert Systems Research Articles

A Review of Pakistan’s National Spatial Data Infrastructure Using Multiple Assessment Frameworks

Efforts to establish Pakistan’s National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) have been underway for the past 15 years, and therefore it is necessary to gauge the current progress to channelize efforts into areas that need improvement. This article assessed Pakistan’s NSDI implementation efforts through well-established approaches, including the SDI readiness model, organizational aspects, and state of play. The data were collected from Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) and Geographic Information System (GIS) experts. The findings underscored challenges related to human resources, SDI education/culture, long-term vision, lack of awareness of geoinformation (GI), sustainable funding, metadata availability, online geospatial services, and geospatial standards hindering NSDI development in Pakistan. However, certain factors exhibit favorable standings, such as the legal framework for NSDI establishment, web connectivity, geospatial software availability, the unavailability of core spatial datasets, and institutional leadership. Thus, to enhance the development of NSDI in Pakistan, recommendations include bolstering financial and human resources, improving online geospatial presence, and fostering a long-term vision for NSDI.

Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation: Challenges and Barriers

The goal of this study is to ascertain how Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) adoption software is affected in small and medium-sized businesses in Jordan by the problems and barriers represented by (low knowledge of ERP, misperception, lack of resources, financial worries, and employee resistance). The following titles of employees in Jordanian small and medium-sized businesses' departments of information technology made up the study population: (Department Manager, Assistant Department Manager, Head of Department, and Software Officer). To accomplish the goals of the study, the investigator employed a basic random sample of the study population, wherein (160) questionnaires were distributed and (152) were retrieved. The descriptiveanalytic approach was employed in conjunction with various statistical techniques, the most notable of which was the "T" test for one sample (One SampleT–test), and the statistical package program was utilized for statistical analysis and testing of hypotheses. Use SPSS. The study's conclusions include the existence of a statistically significant relationship between Jordanian SMEs' software implementation and their lack of resources, financial concerns, and inadequate ERP understanding. On the other hand, misperception and employee resistance had no statistically significant effect on the implementation of software in Jordanian SMEs. In light of this, the study made several recommendations, the most significant of which is the establishment of an independent committee of senior management experts in information systems and information technology to monitor a variety of data regarding the readiness and effectiveness of the software. As well as involving the user in the ERP implementation from the beginning, because operations management may clearly and effectively benefit from the end-user's assistance in formulating operations that accurately and firmly fulfil daily work needs

Preventing Practices of Manipulating Accident Data in the Coal Mining Sector Using Mobile Applications in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Objective: The practice of manipulating data on work accidents and potential hazards still occurs, especially in the coal mining sector. A mobile application for reporting work accidents and potential hazards is required so that data manipulation practices can be prevented.Material and Methods: The research design used was exploratory, which aimed to introduce and explore the capabilities of the SIKAP mobile application (Information System for Occupational Accidents, Occupational Diseases and Potential Hazards) to prevent data manipulation practices. Researchers involved thirty coal mine workers, using the SIKAP application, which had been tested on three information systems experts using the black box testing method. Results: Every worker had the opportunity to report work accidents and potential dangers via the SIKAP application on the worker’s account. Companies can receive and follow up on worker reports via the company account. Regional governments in the field of labor development and inspection can monitor reports through government accounts. The SIKAP application is integrated and synchronized between workers, companies and the government.Conclusion: The SIKAP application is able to prevent the practice of manipulating work accident reporting data and potential hazards in the coal mining sector.

Artificial intelligence in accounting

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies open up broad horizons for enhancing business efficiency and advancing various professional domains, boosting their productivity and compe­titiveness. There is an active exploration of approaches to incorporating AI technologies in the accounting sphere, promising a seamless transition from human to machine involvement. The aim of this article is to summarize the acquired experience, identify perspectives, constraints, and risks associated with the use of AI technologies in the professional activities of accountants. The research is based on the hypothesis that widespread use of AI in the professional activity of an accountant with an insufficient level of professional skepticism and caution carries significant threats and risks for both the accountant and the business as a whole. Scientific search methods, comparative and critical analysis, theoretical generalization, and synthesis were used. A prerequisite for imple­menting AI technologies in accounting is expert information systems and ERP systems. The analysis of AI technology implementation experience in various industries demonstrates their relevance in the accounting field for performing routine tasks (automated recognition of primary documents, processing incoming signals, and other standard operations with a simultaneous reduction in the probability of errors), analyzing large datasets, and providing information support for decision-making (pro­ces­sing business data and regulatory docu­ments), training professionals, and organi­zing internal and external communication (parti­cularly between humans and machines). Identi­fied potential risks include breaches of privacy and data security, misinterpretation of output data, and the disregard of activity context, external and internal environments, especially due to the absence of emotional intelligence, which influences the trust level in integrated information systems. The requirement for the application of professional assessments and judgments, mandated by regulatory documents, limits the scope of AI technology utilization in accounting. Future research should focus on exploring the possibilities of widespread integ­ration of AI technologies in information systems for accounting and improving legislation based on the principle of risk assessment.

Improving access and use of climate projections for ecological research through the use of a new Python tool

Over the past decade, the use of future climate projections from the coupled model intercomparison project (CMIP) has become central in biodiversity science. Pre‐packaged datasets containing future projections of the widely used bioclimatic variables, for different times and socio‐economic pathways, have contributed immensely to the study of climate change implications for biodiversity. However, these datasets lack the flexibility to obtain projections to other target years, and the use of raw data requires coding and spatial information systems expertise. The Python tool, ‘chelsa‐cmip6', developed by Karger et al., provides the flexibility needed by allowing users to generate bioclimatic variables for the time of their choice provided the selected general circulation model and socioeconomic pathway combination exists. This is a fantastic step forward in bringing flexibility to the use of climate datasets in biodiversity and will allow for more widespread use of data provided by CMIP6. We hope it also will prompt the development of more user‐friendly tools for the study of the effects of climate change on biodiversity.

Implementation of IoT-Based Smart Tourism Destination Tools as Tourism Leisure 5.0

Due to its ability to create commercial opportunities that local communities can manage, tourism is a well-known industry with significant development potential. Information technology has had significant advancements in its application within the tourism industry, and its implementation is now commencing in Indonesia. The use of IoT technology in the tourism industry necessitates a series of sequential stages, culminating in the establishment of a comprehensive information platform that facilitates the monitoring and administration of tourism activities. Utilizing IoT technology to construct a tourist platform helps expedite the process of integrating information and infrastructure while effectively leveraging smart technology in the tourism sector. The research methodology employed is a hybrid approach. The data outputs are processed and evaluated using a strategy that caters to the interests of the community and parties involved in the collaborative development of smart tourism, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The analysis stage uses the theory of visual perception as a way to understand what the desired implementation of IoT-based smart tourism looks like. This is shown in the selection stage. Meanwhile, this investigation concluded with a technological readiness level of five. The research was conducted without any prior investigation that aligned with the themes, tools, and objects employed by the researchers, representing the current state of the art. Furthermore, the research team comprises specialists in the domain of information systems, including two members who possess expertise in information systems and languages. This ensures a comprehensive grasp of the tools utilized in model development, collaboration, and the potential for technological advancement. In addition to the desired outcome, this is an Internet of Things (IoT)-based intelligent tourism system that may be utilized as a tool in many tourist destinations across Indonesia.

Challenges in the adoption of sustainability information systems: A study on green IS in organizations

Economic, social and ecological sustainability presents one of the greatest challenges of our society. As a result, there is growing pressure on a variety of organizations to implement sustainability programs, such as inclusion training related to social sustainability, cost management programs related to economic sustainability, and perhaps most importantly, green (information) systems related to environmental sustainability. Not only is multi-faceted sustainability most beneficial to organizations at large, but also there are several categorical thresholds that organizations must meet in order to be certified. For these reasons, companies are increasingly adopting information systems (IS) for sustainability in their operations. Specifically, programs designed to influence employee motivation, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors are gaining attention. While there is a long tradition of research on technology adoption, such sustainability systems harbor several new phenomena, both with respect to individual and organizational adoption. Therefore, in this study, we explore the challenges of adopting sustainability systems in organizational contexts. Using activity theory and innovation diffusion theory, and with technology adoption theory as the backdrop of our investigation, we conduct a qualitative field study in four small- and medium- sized companies. Using both theory-guided deductive and inductive interpretation phases, we illuminate adoption challenges through combined intersections of adoption stages (knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation) and activity domains (subject, instrument, object, community, rules). We then shed light on the severity and importance of these challenges through an expert validation study with green IS experts. In discussing the challenges in light of motivational and green IS design, we posit four dilemmas in green IS adoption that arise from tensions in the specific context of sustainability in organizations. Our findings expand existing knowledge in research on green IS, motivational IS design and sustainable behavior change interventions and yield several theoretical and practical avenues for future inquiry and endeavour.

The Automatic Context Measurement Tool (ACMT) to Compile Participant-Specific Built and Social Environment Measures for Health Research: Development and Usability Study.

The environment shapes health behaviors and outcomes. Studies exploring this influence have been limited to research groups with the geographic information systems expertise required to develop built and social environment measures (eg, groups that include a researcher with geographic information system expertise). The goal of this study was to develop an open-source, user-friendly, and privacy-preserving tool for conveniently linking built, social, and natural environmental variables to study participant addresses. We built the automatic context measurement tool (ACMT). The ACMT comprises two components: (1) a geocoder, which identifies a latitude and longitude given an address (currently limited to the United States), and (2) a context measure assembler, which computes measures from publicly available data sources linked to a latitude and longitude. ACMT users access both of these components using an RStudio/RShiny-based web interface that is hosted within a Docker container, which runs on a local computer and keeps user data stored in local to protect sensitive data. We illustrate ACMT with 2 use cases: one comparing population density patterns within several major US cities, and one identifying correlates of cannabis licensure status in Washington State. In the population density analysis, we created a line plot showing the population density (x-axis) in relation to distance from the center of the city (y-axis, using city hall location as a proxy) for Seattle, Los Angeles, Chicago, New York City, Nashville, Houston, and Boston with the distances being 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 m. We found the population density tended to decrease as distance from city hall increased except for Nashville and Houston, 2 cities that are notably more sprawling than the others. New York City had a significantly higher population density than the others. We also observed that Los Angeles and Seattle had similarly low population densities within up to 2500 m of City Hall. In the cannabis licensure status analysis, we gathered neighborhood measures such as age, sex, commute time, and education. We found the strongest predictive characteristic of cannabis license approval to be the count of female children aged 5 to 9 years and the proportion of females aged 62 to 64 years who were not in the labor force. However, after accounting for Bonferroni error correction, none of the measures were significantly associated with cannabis retail license approval status. The ACMT can be used to compile environmental measures to study the influence of environmental context on population health. The portable and flexible nature of ACMT makes it optimal for neighborhood study research seeking to attribute environmental data to specific locations within the United States.

Evaluation of Pandanrejo website content using a copywriting approach in Pandanrejo Tourism Village, Central Java

The website is a media that acts as the backbone of digital marketing in a tourism village. As the spearhead of digital media and sales channels, the tourism village website must always be optimized so that it always has a high conversion rate. Copywriting is a technique for writing content in digital media that is widely used practically in increasing conversion rates. This study aims to evaluate the Pandanrejo Tourism Village website as an information base for formulating conversion rate optimization (CRO) at a later stage. This study uses a qualitative approach with several collection methods, namely by conducting interviews with website managers, copywriting experts and website-based information system experts, making direct observations of the Pandanrejo’s website, and reviewing the literature. To produce valid information and results, the data was analyzed by confirming between informants and references to the literature. The results obtained from this study indicate that the Pandanrejo Tourism Village website content does not yet have a touch of copywriting elements through the AIDA formula.

Co-design of a Mobile App for Engaging Breast Cancer Patients in Reporting Health Experiences: Qualitative Case Study.

The World Health Organization recommends incorporating patient-reported experience measures and patient-reported outcome measures to ensure care processes. New technologies, such as mobile apps, could help report and monitor patients' adverse effects and doubts during treatment. However, engaging patients in the daily use of mobile apps is a challenge that must be addressed in accordance with the needs of people. We present a qualitative case study documenting the process of identifying the information needs of breast cancer patients and health care professionals during the treatment process in a Chilean cancer institution. The study aims to identify patients' information requirements for integration into a mobile app that accompanies patients throughout their treatment while also providing features for reporting adverse symptoms. We conducted focus groups with breast cancer patients who were undergoing chemotherapy (n=3) or who completed chemotherapy between 3 months and 1 year (n=1). We also surveyed health care professionals (n=9) who were involved in patient care and who belonged to the oncology committee of the cancer center where the study took place. Content analysis was applied to the responses to categorize the information needs and the means to satisfy them. A user interface was designed according to the findings of the focus groups and was assessed by 3 trained information system and user interaction design experts from 2 countries, using heuristic evaluation guidelines for mobile apps. Patients' information needs were classified into 4 areas: an overview of the disease, information on treatment and day-to-day affairs, assistance on the normality and abnormality of symptoms during treatment, and symptoms relevant to report. Health care professionals required patients to be provided with information on the administrative and financial process. We noted that the active involvement of the following 4 main actors is required to satisfy the information needs: patients, caregivers, social network moderators, and health professionals. Seven usability guidelines were extracted from the heuristic evaluation recommendations. A mobile app that seeks to accompany breast cancer patients to report symptoms requires the involvement of multiple participants to handle the reports and day-to-day information needs. User interfaces must be designed with consideration of the patient's social conventions and the emotional load of the disease information.

Evaluation of Website Based Information System To Monitor Student Learning Progress In Schools Using ISO/IEC 9126 Standards And GTMetrix

This study aims to evaluate website based information systems that have been developed previously using ISO/IEC 9126 Standards and GTMetrix. Testing of website based information systems using ISO/IEC 9126 is carried out by information system expert, users, and testing using GTMetrix, the user referred to in the test these are administrators, teachers, and student parents. Testing of information system experts takes four measures of quality including functionality, reliability, usability, and portability, while testing on users takes three measures including functionality, usability, and portability, and testing using GTMetrix takes a measure of quality efficiency and serves to assess the performance of the website-based information system developed. The results obtained from the evaluation were testing of information system expert getting a score of 91.17%, administrator user getting a score of 95.11%, teacher user getting a score of 91.35%, student parents getting a score of 83.4%, and testing using GTMetrix getting a score of 86.13% or Grade B. Based on the results of the evaluation using ISO/IEC 9126, it was found that the testing using ISO/IEC 9126 for the tested website-based information system has been meet the expectations of users, especially parents and the school.

Artificial intelligence: The blind spot of info-communication platform policy-making and regulation in Latin America

The social dimension of artificial intelligence is a strategic line of research that has been barely addressed to date in relation to information and communication technology policy-making. Debates on new expert information systems have generally revolved around taxation, content moderation, security, privacy and transparency, in addition to new forms of assessment that artificial intelligence assumes in platform capitalism. The existing theoretical and regulatory gaps require, however, a comprehensive approach to the economic, political, philosophical, geopolitical and ecological aspects of communication in the relations between states, international bodies and global corporations. Accordingly, the aim here is to review the state of the art of policy-making on artificial intelligence in Latin America as well as to draw a number of parallels with the current situation in the European Union for the purpose of performing an exploratory analysis on the main regulatory challenges facing public policy-makers from a practical and theoretical perspective.

Hierarchical Structure Objects Information Systems Decision Support Developing Process

Application of methods for designing decision support information systems for hierarchical systems is considered. Determining the interaction parameters of methods for designing decision support information systems for managing hierarchical production and technical systems is an urgent scientific problem, the which solution makes a significant contribution to the development of technologies for designing decision support systems. The process of operation of a decision support system for the analysis of hierarchies using the full graphical interface technology, a functional model of an expert information system for the analysis of hierarchical structures is presented. Hierarchical production and technical systems are complex, which entails great complexity in the development of decision support information systems to manage them. This complexity creates the problem of 'crisis' in the development of such systems for hierarchical production and technical systems. Despite many advantages and a long history of successfully applying the unified design method to the development of information systems, it does not completely overcome the problem of this crisis. To overcome this problem for hierarchical production and technical systems, it is proposed to modify the unified design method and use the synergistic effect from the combined use of structural, object and visual modelling methods in the form of a new design method - a modified system design process. The article presents the scheme and algorithm of the proposed method, the results of the analysis of its application. The possibility of its application to systems with a hierarchical structure is established. Unlike traditional models of information systems, the decision support information system model built according to the new method successfully integrates various subject areas of knowledge due to its visibility and support for object-oriented design technologies, which allows it to be effectively used to create an expert information system model for complex technical systems.

Fuzzy expert system and information systems auditing: an approach for risk assessment in audit pre-planning

Fuzzy expert system and information systems auditing: an approach for risk assessment in audit pre-planning

Fuzzy expert system and information systems auditing: an approach for risk assessment in audit pre-planning

Fuzzy expert system and information systems auditing: an approach for risk assessment in audit pre-planning

The task of technological adjustment of an axial-rotor type grain combine

One of the promising approaches to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the harvesting process of grain crops using a combine method is the use of an intelligent information system in the form of a decision support system. The expansion of the use of high-performance rotary-type combines in production conditions puts the task of optimal technological adjustment of the working bodies and the entire combine as a whole into the category of topical ones. When performing harvesting work with an axial-rotary threshing and separating device (ARTSD), as a result of continuously changing external harvesting factors, deviations in the values of work quality indicators from acceptable values are possible. For their timely elimination, it is important to know the relationships between the groups of signs: “environmental factors - parameters of the working bodies - indicators of the quality of work.” The lack of knowledge leads to non-optimal decisions on the choice of specific values of the controlled parameters and, as a result, to the loss of grain and other resources. To select the optimal strategy for managing the technological process of harvesting using a rotary harvester, we propose a new approach based on the use of an intelligent information system (expert system), which corresponds to the concept of intellectualization of a new type of machine. The article presents the results of research into the process of technological adjustment of a rotary harvester, as well as an analysis of the empirical knowledge of experts with extensive production experience in operating combines of this type. The concepts of parameters, causes and methods for eliminating violations of the technological process are introduced. As a result of expert analysis, decision trees were formed for the first time, on the basis of which the rules of the knowledge base are formulated. To create a knowledge base, it is proposed to use a production model of knowledge. An example of constructing a decision tree when searching for the cause of the appearance of one of the external signs of a violation of the quality of the work of a rotary harvester is given. A fragment of the system of production rules for solving the problem of adjusting the values of control parameters is presented.

About the need to develop an intelligent information system to evaluate investment project environmental effectiveness

The evaluation of the efficiency of an investment project implemented in the real economy is impossible without assessing its environmental implications. The justification of investment projects may apply modern specialized software. Such software products do not provide an opportunity to fully automate the preparation of the environmental section of the business plan. The authors believe that it is wise to introduce automation into the development of the environmental section of the investment project business plan through an appropriate intelligent information system (expert system). Processing input data requested by the system with various prompts and explanations, the expert system should form the environmental section of the business plan. The proposed system should play the role of a consultant in the field of environmental legislation. It should offer the user a list of environmental protection measures corresponding to their project. The design and application of the expert system will lead to several positive effects: faster development of project materials, improved quality of planning, reduced number of mistakes, lower cost of assessment, increased confidence in the environmental section of the business plan by third-party participants, increased literacy of users of the expert system in the field of environmental protection.

Penerapan Metode SImple Additive Weighting (SAW) Untuk Rekomendasi Prioritas Relationship Marketing Terbaik Berdasarkan Topik Pencapaian Di PT. Bank

PT. The Bank is a financial services company engaged in the banking sector, in carrying out operations it selects outstanding employees in each part of its work unit, especially the sales unit. Relationship Marketing is a person who takes an approach in managing corporate relationships with customers at the business level so that they can maximize communication and marketing through managing various different contacts. This research development for the Best Relationship Marketing Priority Recommendation will be recommended to Branch Managers by applying the SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) method and building a prototype with a Web-based system. Using 5 criteria that have been determined by PT. Bank, namely: AVG Performance, Attendance, Teamwork, Responsibility, and Loyalty. The system was tested with 5 RM data as testing data at PT. The bank with the highest-ranking score is RM B with a score of 1.00. The feasibility of the system was tested by the feasibility percentage given to information systems experts and users involved with the results obtained of 98%. The effectiveness of the application of the method was also tested using the Spearman Correlation Rank with the test results obtained at 0.9516

Penerapan Metode TOPSIS Dalam Penentuan Wali Kelas

The homeroom teacher has a function as a teacher who is responsible as a guardian or substitute for the parents of students while in the school area and also helps students in the academic field. As a teacher or homeroom teacher is one of the determining factors for the success of any educational effort. The teacher's ability to plan and implement learning is a major factor in achieving teaching objectives. Mastery skills in the learning process are closely related. Every year students who will enter higher education or junior high school (SMP), need to be guided and prepared carefully, so that these students can enter junior high school (SMP) according to their wishes and expectations. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a grade 6 homeroom teacher who can guide and prepare students as well as possible during preparation for entering junior high school (SMP). So far, the determination of the 6th grade guardian is still done subjectively, the subjective referred to is an assessment based on proximity to the principal, in this case the principal also does not have definite criteria in determining the 6th homeroom teacher. To overcome the problems that occur, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method will be applied as a tool in determining homeroom 6th graders in elementary schools. This method will determine the assessment criteria with the following criteria: Pedagogics (Knowing the characteristics of students, mastering learning theory and learning principles, assessing and evaluating learning), attendance and tenure. From the results of the application of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method, it is to determine the 6th grade homeroom teacher in elementary school with 3 names in the top positions who will become 6th grade homeroom teachers in elementary schools. With the percentage of eligibility for information systems experts of 95% and the percentage of user eligibility of 94%.

Penerapan Metode Forward Chaining Pada Aplikasi Daring Untuk Mendeteksi Penyakit Anemia

An important factor in carrying out daily activities is the fulfillment of good health conditions. Many people do not care about the condition of the body so that it can affect health where in the end the disease will easily come to cause conditions that threaten the body to death. This indifference is due to being late in anticipating the situation so that it is often handled too late. Anemia is one of the diseases that often come unnoticed by the community where if it is handled too late, it will be life-threatening. Symptoms of anemia suffered by the community are usually treated by going to the puskesmas for examination. Examinations carried out by visiting the puskesmas certainly take time and energy where not all people have free time. Overcoming this, this research can help the community to find solutions quickly and effectively when health conditions occur and treat anemia symptoms. The experimental method in this type of qualitative research is the choice in the current research. Data analysis was conducted to collect data by interviewing sources of information related to the research material. The system development method applied uses the waterfall model where each stage of development is carried out gradually downwards. The system development is then implemented in the form of a web-based system using PHP programming and MySQL as the database. The technical language of the system development itself uses UML tools such as activity diagrams, use case diagrams, sequence diagrams. This research produces an application in the form of an expert information system to detect anemia based on references from experts using the Forfard Chaining Method. The Forward Cahining method is a forward reasoning method that uses facts as knowledge representations to draw conclusions. This developed system produces output in the form of a diagnosis calculation for the user whether he is suffering from anemia or not.