Disaster Management Information System Research Articles

A Study on Establishing Procedures and Display Design for the Development of the Disaster Management System using Satellite Imagery

Recently, the escalating occurrence of disasters with abnormal characteristics poses challenges to disaster management. As a result, effective disaster management and response strategies have become crucial. In this study, the disaster management system using satellite imagery was developed and constructed as a dashboard. For this study, the National Disaster Management Information System (NDMS) of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety (MOIS) was analyzed. Crisis management activities were examined in accordance with the disaster phase of the crisis management standard manual. Relevant components from the integrated multisource data in NDMS were selected to enhance technology effectiveness. A disaster management officer's requirements were analyzed to improve user usability. Disaster response procedures using satellite imagery were derived by synthesizing this information. Based on these procedures, key elements and system procedures were established for system design and visualization, and the system display was presented. The technology was proactively developed for immediate implementation after establishing legal and institutional procedures. Utilizing satellite imagery in the disaster management system is expected to enhance prompt and efficient disaster management.

Blockchain Disaster Management for Humanitarian Logistic as Post-Disaster Response Measures

Indonesia has a high risk of earthquake and tsunami disasters because there's many tectonic plates meet. This also causes Indonesia to have many geological changes compared to other countries. Therefore, an explicit scheme to provide information related to disasters, like an information system in post-disaster management is important. The purpose of this research is to provide transparent information regarding the data on the goods needed and the data on goods to be distributed to ensure the amount used and not used, so that victims affected by disasters can be handled quickly and appropriately. The method used in this research is a literature review. The results of this study indicate the existence of a Blockchain Disaster Management Information System as a form of a new scheme in the post-disaster management process and is an upgraded form of information system that has been developed previously. This scheme uses the blockchain concept to provide transparency and data immutability. This scheme coordinates with various institutions such as BPBD (Regional Disaster Management Agency), BNPB (National Disaster Management Agency), BASARNAS (National Search and Rescue Agency), PMI (Indonesian Red Cross Society), the nearest hospital, and other related institutions. © 2023 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Management of Information and Communication Technology for Earthquake Disaster Management in Jayapura City

This study aims to analyze ICT management in the earthquake disaster in Jayapura Regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive design. Sources of data come from secondary sources, which include books, journals, online news, and various documents according to the research theme. Based on research results, comprehensive and clear handling of natural disasters has been regulated in Article 5 of Chapter 3 of Law 24/2007 concerning disasters. In ICT management, Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) and Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) use official websites as information channels. Regarding disaster management information and communication systems, BNPB and BPBD themselves have a Disaster Management Operations Control Center, hereinafter abbreviated as Pusdalops PB. The people of Jayapura City mostly access information independently through social media.

DISASTER RESPONSE MODELING BASE ON LANDSLIDE EARLY WARNING USING CASE MANAGEMENT MODEL AND NOTATION

There are a few handling steps in the emergency response to landslides that need thorough explanation. The flexibility of emergency response situations is ineffectively supported by traditional modeling methodologies because they are excessively inflexible. Companies have traditionally modeled their business processes using the Business Process Management Approach and Notation (BPMN) model. For design case management, such as the emergency reaction to a landslide disaster, BPMN modeling is unsuitable. because the BPMN modeling focuses how business processes flow inside a company. The Case Management Model and Notation (CMMN), the newest modeling approach from the Object Management Group (OMG), was launched in 2013 with the purpose of completing the BPMN modeling approach. The unstructured and adaptable CMMN claims to be able to handle urgent situations. This study's intention is to develop a CMMN model of a landslide emergency reaction scenario based on an emergency alert from an Early Warning System (EWS) sensor. In order to acquire the qualitative data for this study, the researcher first conducted a literature review. Then used the interview and observation methods to gather data, and from this data, we created the model using the CMMN modeling approach. The Yogyakarta Special Region Disaster Management Agency's (BPBD DIY) data flow of a disaster management information system, which was already operational, was analyzed by researchers. Then, the researchers used CMMN to model the data in order to find out opportunities to improve the disaster management information system already in use at BPBD DIY. Two CMMN models—the BPBD DIY disaster management information system model and the recommendation model for system improvements—were created in this study. The analysis of the current disaster management information system model resulted in the recomendation of this model. A prototype of feature recommendation is created as part of this research and given to specialists in natural disasters for model validation.

A South African disaster legislative perspective of information management and communication systems

Background: Establishing a disaster information management and communication system (IMCS) is a mandate of the South African National Disaster Management Framework of 2005 (NDMF). The inception of such systems is supposed to be at the initial set-up of disaster management centres. The comprehensive functioning of a disaster centre will require an interoperable system that can collect, process, store and disseminate data. The lack of such a system might result in poor disaster risk reduction (DRR) and ineffective response.Objective: This article identified and described IMCSs from the South African disaster policy perspective.Methods: Qualitative in-depth interviews were used to investigate the status quo of all nine provincial disaster management centres (PDMCs) regarding the existence, functioning and understanding of IMCSs. The NDMF informed the interview questions administered to 29 purposively selected participants. Themes from descriptions by informants were used to analyse the data.Results: All the centres operating for more than 10 years lack integrated IMCSs. The disaster managers perceive IMCSs as more information technology, computers and other physical devices and less human input systems and governance capabilities. The lack of integrated and well-governed disaster information and communication affects disaster management operations and service delivery mandate.Conclusion: To date, no studies have explored the establishment and management of interoperable IMCSs in disaster management centres. Therefore, this study contributes to the literature on disaster information and communication discourse and practical contributions to improve the capacity of PDMCs. This article provides insight into the significance of IMCS for building resilient communities and recommendations for establishing and maintaining the systems.

Determination of Ayancık Stream Basin and its morphometric parameters

As a result of the increase in the negative effects of climate change, many natural disasters such as drought, forest fires, and floods are experienced all over the world. In Türkiye, especially in the Black Sea region, floods and overflows are frequently seen due to excessive precipitation. The use of current data obtained from the land management information system in the disaster management information system increases the accuracy of the predictability of disasters and ensures their sustainability. For this reason, the accuracy and up-to-date data obtained from the land management information system are important. Storage, modeling, querying, analysis, and tracking model has created for local and private administrations thanks to the acquisition of data by remote sensing and photogrammetry methods and their integration with GIS. Thus, natural disasters caused by the negative effects of climate change can be prevented. It is necessary to model the basin in terms of geological, geomorphological, and hydrographic and to create a basin management model, especially to predict, monitor, and take precautions for flood and overflow events. In this study, the boundaries of the Ayancık Stream Basin, which is located on the Sinop Plateau and flows into the Black Sea by mostly flowing in the north-south direction, were determined and morphometric analyses of the basin were made. With the help of morphometric analysis, the hydrographic features of the Ayancık Stream Basin were determined.

A review of challenges and solutions in adopting a participatory geographical information system for disaster management

Disaster management is a critical component in mitigating the impacts of various natural, and other disasters such as floods, cyclones, forest fires, earthquakes, disease spreading etc. The primary aim of disaster management in a specific region is to empower the local neighborhood to higher determine its natural danger instincts and therefore migrate closer to options for lowering that risk. Conventional techniques of disaster management are majorly driven by the quantitative information collected from various events. Some of the recent techniques have used more advanced data-driven and non-linear approaches such as machine learning, and spatial analysis tools such as GIS for making more informed decisions. However, these techniques cannotoften represent the dynamics of demographic units, and event impact in small regions due to a multitude of reasons such as lack of data, equipment, more generalized approaches, etc. Participatory Geographic Information System (PGIS) overcomes some of the limitations present in the traditional techniques by incorporating local communities as stakeholders in making various policies, distributing risk information etc. PGIS has been adopted in various fields such as land cover planning, agriculture information systems, data collection systems etc. Other than these applications, the effectiveness of PGIS in disaster management in handling various natural disasters such as floods, cyclones, forest fires, and disease spread has been demonstrated in several studies. However, in manyplaces, PGIS is not yet evolved and its implementation is still at the infancy level due to several reasons. Despite many advantages, PGIS presents many problems comprising insufficient infrastructure, training facilities, engagement and education of the community members towards a combined decision, etc. therefore provision of necessary infrastructure can improve the overall impact of implementing PGIS. Involving the local community and educating them on the right approach for the success of PGIS is a complex task. Further, the conflict of opinions between technical personnel and locals can be another factor that limits the usage. However, from the results of various studies, the advantages of PGIS implementation can outweigh the limitations of implementation.

Analysis on the Dead Zones of Disaster Management Following Urban Characteristics

To reduce the property and life damages caused by the hazards, it is critical to develop an integrated and complete Disaster Management Information System (DMIS) to identify potential dead zones of disaster management based on urban characteristics. An ideal DMIS should integrate GIS tools with internet technology, dynamic hazard modeling and graphical user interface, and operate through the four phases of disaster management including mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Disaster prevention and hazard response system have been actively studied in many developed countries such as Taiwan, but there is still a need of an integrated information system to better and faster implement the results of the system to the real practices. I n this paper, we f irst described the system framework in Taiwan using GIS and internet technology and then suggested a decision support system for emergency response within the framework identifying dead zones which could be implemented in South Korea. This system is designed to integrate the real-time monitoring data with dynamic hazard models and GUIs to provide disaster management decision support tools for emergency response, which could be useful for policy making in the future.

A Study on How to Expand the Role of MILITARY Mobilization Forces in the Event of a National Disaster -Focusing on the Local Government and Regional Reserve Forces-

Purpose: This pater proposes a plan to expand the role of Regional Reserve Forces(RRF) as a key mobilization force for regional defense, in the event of a national disaster, and to more effectively support the disaster re-sponse of the local community. It also proposes a desirable policy direction for the advancement of cooperative governance of local communities on disasters toward international cooperative security against non-traditional threats. Method: Firstly, it analyzed laws and regulations related to disaster and RRF, and then reviewed the reality of the organization and formation of Regional Defense Battalions(RDB), Local Government’s Disaster & Safety Countermeasures Headquarters(DSCHQ), Defense Integrated Disaster Management Information System(DID-MIS), and compensation costs, etc. In addition, the analysis of Disaster Mobilization cases and the opinions of experts were reflected. Results: ‘The disaster mobilization of RRF must be clearly and concretely presented in relevant laws and reg-ulations. Mobilization requirements give flexibility to mobilize from the beginning of the disaster, but the dead-line must be strictly specified. If Part-time Reservist are employed as liaison officers, disaster officers, and military affairs cooperation officers of local governments, it is possible to expect not only the disaster management of local governments but also the development of the Regional Integrated Defense System(RIDS). Conclusion: One of the important missions of the reserve forces is to protect the lives and property of the people from disasters and to support the local community. The disaster management of local governments in the future will require more military support. Therefore, the disaster management should be given high priority to national policy. Furthermore, a disaster management agenda that can lead the international community should be drawn up, and the role and contribution of the RRF to the international community should be sought.

Designing an Indonesian Disaster Management Information System with Local Characteristics: A Case Study of Mount Merapi

Effective preparation can help minimize the number of victims and the amount of damage caused by volcanic eruptions, as well as facilitate the recovery of victims’ livelihoods after such disasters. Hence, it is crucial to coordinate and integrate all stakeholders in a management information system in which each stakeholder is interrelated but has different roles and functions. This paper presents the design of a disaster management information system (DMIS) with consideration for the volcano’s location and characteristics. This includes identifying disaster management stakeholders and their respective roles and the volcano’s location and characteristics combined with accessible databases. To validate the design, the results of the DMIS calculations of the needs of refugees from the eruption of Mount Merapi in November 2020 in Kalitengah Lor, Glagaharjo Village, Sleman were compared with the number of real items distributed by the government and donors. The results of this comparison showed that the needs of refugees were fulfilled at a percentage ranging from 66–99%.

An information management system for effective disaster relief operations

During an emergency situation, there is often confusion in information that can complicate disaster management efforts. For this reason, it is necessary to design an information system that can support emergency response operations. The purpose of designing this information system is to design a disaster management information system to strengthen emergency response operations quickly, precisely, and dynamically, and can be a decision supporter to facilitate emergency response operations. The system was developed using the waterfall method using the Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) approach. The design of information systems uses the PHP programming language and uses MySQL as a database. Then the system that has been designed is verified and validated using the Black Box method. The results of the information system design can provide dynamically needed information so that it can assist in scheduling and allocating volunteers, verifying data from donors, making TRC reports, collecting data and refugee needs, and estimating the distance between posts and evacuation sites

Role of ICT to Meet the Local Demands of Information Services: A Case Study of Ghorjan and Rajapur Union, Sirajganj

The study aims to analyze local needs/demands of information services in two Char-based Unions (i.e. Ghorjan and Rajapur) of Sirajganj district to address shortcomings of information requires for sustaining people’s lives and livelihood and contributing to the development of a Disaster Information Management System in Char-land areas of Bangladesh. It is a fact that a large section of Char communities is staying out of access to information at present due to their geographical isolation, lack of appropriate communication mechanisms, and initiatives - placing them in a difficult situation to survive. From this point of view, the focal theme of this study was the assessment of local needs/demands of information to develop “sustainable information communication and services mechanisms” by which the Char-land people get available access to such information. Based on this theme, the study adopted a participatory research approach to allow a cross-section of some selected stakeholders groups (farmer, fisherman, and migrant workers) along with Union Digital Center (UDC) and Char Digital Center (CDC) entrepreneurs, Union Parishad representatives, local NGOs, technical institutions, community volunteers, Government officials and community-based civil society organizations in selected Char-land areas to share their information needs and possible ways for channelizing it in long term perspectives and prioritize it in line with the people’s necessity and emergency, and finally tried to shape a framework for sustainable use of such information and communication services by using existing UDC, CDC, and community volunteers.

Evaluation of the Disaster-related Information Process from the Perspective of Managers in the Iranian Red Crescent Society

INTRODUCTION: Information is known as the main source of power over others. In this respect, the use of correct, accurate, and timely information in decision-making, planning, and other related issues can be effective in the outcome of activities and services provided by organizations. In times of crisis and disaster incidence, information plays a key and crucial role and affects various disaster response processes. This study was conducted to investigate the communication and information processes and information analysis in the Iranian Red Crescent Society at the time of disasters in 2019. METHODS: This qualitative study with a content analysis design was carried out on 17 experts and managers in the Iranian Red Crescent Society. The necessary data regarding the existing information processes were collected through performing interviews with the participants. The collected data from conducting and implementing the interviews were then coded in MAXQDA software using qualitative analysis method and subjected to analysis. FINDINGS: Based on the findings, the majority of the activities of this organization were carried out by holding meetings to make the necessary arrangements. Measures, such as public education and reports to journalists, media, and social networks were provided in the form of written instructions and protocols. It was revealed that such communication means as media, newspapers, 112 emergency SMS system, and Thuraya satellite network were used for information. The tool utilized in the information process in the Iranian Red Crescent Society was the Disaster Management Information System to record information and the history of crises. This system was located and used in the Control and Coordination Center, and recorded all documents related to the events, including photos, videos, and reports and information of rescuers. CONCLUSION: The most significant problems that crisis management is consistently confronting are the delays in realizing the dimensions of a crisis, lack of information needed to make decisions, and commencement of recovery activities. In addition, it is highly important to have accurate information to be able to respond properly. The acquisition, storage, retrieval, and analysis of information can be the most prominent factors in the success of crisis management.

Disaster preparedness of local governments in Panay Island, Philippines.

Disaster preparedness plans reduce future damages, but may lack testing to assess their effectiveness in operation. This study used the state-designed Local Government Unit Disaster Preparedness Journal: Checklist of Minimum Actions for Mayors in assessing the readiness to natural hazards of 92 profiled municipalities in central Philippines inhabited by 2.4 million people. Anchored on the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015, it assessed their preparedness in 4 criteria—systems and structures, policies and plans, building competencies, and equipment and supplies. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences, frequency count, percentage, and weighted mean. The local governments were found highly vulnerable to tropical cyclone and flood while vulnerable to earthquake, drought, and landslide. They were partially prepared regardless of profile, but the coastal, middle-earning, most populated, having the least number of villages, and middle-sized had higher levels of preparedness. Those highly vulnerable to earthquake and forest fire were prepared, yet only partially prepared to flood, storm surge, drought, tropical cyclone, tornado, tsunami and landslide. The diverse attitude of stakeholders, insufficient manpower, and poor database management were the major problems encountered in executing countermeasures. Appointing full-time disaster managers, developing a disaster information management system, massive information drive, organizing village-based volunteers, integrating disaster management into formal education, and mandatory trainings for officials, preparing for a possible major volcanic eruption and crafting a comprehensive plan against emerging emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to a 360° preparedness.

Towards coordinated self-organization: An actor-centered framework for the design of disaster management information systems

Traditionally, disaster management information systems have been designed to facilitate communication and coordination along stable hierarchical lines and roles. However, to support coordination in disaster response, disaster management information systems need to cater for the emerging roles, responsibilities and information needs of the actors, often referred to as self-organization. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a framework for disaster management information systems that embraces an actor-centered perspective to explicitly support coordination and self-organization. The framework is designed and validated to (i) analyze the current practice of disaster information management, including the way changes occur through self-organization, and (ii) study how to design disaster management information systems that support coordination and self-organization within the current practice. A case study in Jakarta is used to modify and validate the framework, and to illustrate its potential to capture self-organization in practice. The analysis showed that analyzing the actors’ activities through the framework can provide insights on the way self-organization occurs. Moreover, networking, preparedness and centralization were found to be key elements in the design of disaster management information systems with an actor-centered perspective.

Voices of rural people: Community-level assessment of effects and resilience to natural disasters in Odisha, India

Globally, natural disasters have caused a large scale of damage and destruction every year, affecting millions of people, the economy, and development – and developing countries are the most severely affected. Odisha is one of India’s most disaster-prone states. This study explores the effects of, and resilience to, cyclones, floods, droughts, and heatwaves in Odisha, and identifies government strategies that help mitigate these natural disasters. We mainly used primary data collected through a qualitative study undertaken from April 2017 to June 2017 in three districts of Odisha. We conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with community members and key stakeholders at different levels. In addition, our study analyzed secondary data on natural disasters using DesInventar, a disaster information management system data source. The findings show that floods, cyclones, and drought in recent years, along with heatwaves and lightning, have severely affected the people of Odisha. The impacts of these natural disasters are calamitous – particularly on livelihoods, food security, health, water, and sanitation. These natural disasters, which have affected agriculture, fisheries, prawn cultivation, roadside vendors, and daily wage laborers, have both short- and long-term effects on the livelihoods of people in Odisha, leaving them with scarce employment opportunities. The vulnerable and marginalized sections of the population have been the most severely affected, and common coping mechanisms have included selling off livestock, borrowing food, taking loans and mortgages, and migration. The government’s measures/programs, such as an Early Warning System, Public Distribution System, Multipurpose Cyclone Rehabilitation Centers, Seasonal Residential Care Centers, and Indira Awas Yojana, play a major role in mitigating the effect of disasters among rural communities. Our study indicates that natural disasters have impacted the population of the state socioeconomically, physically, and psychologically. The effect on livelihoods, directly and indirectly, exacerbates income, food security, and health. There is an urgent need to focus on reducing people’s underlying vulnerabilities by taking proactive measures, engaging the community in decision-making, and generating alternative and sustainable livelihoods.

Disaster management system on mobile environment

Disaster Information Management System (DIMAS) is used to reduce risk caused by disaster by manage information about the affected area by a disaster. It also manages aids, volunteers, and refugee data to measure the effect of disaster accurately. DIMAS controlled by the government and operated by admins and field officers to keep data integrity so it can be accounted for future purpose. In this paper, we propose to apply DIMAS to mobile environment because of advantages that can be utilized to simplify the usage of DIMAS like GPS integration, mobility aspect, real-time data capturing, etc. At the result, we hope it can be applied to mobile environment to help the government collect data from the community.

Satellite-based observation of lightning climatology over Nepal

The lightning climatology over Nepal is analysed in detail for the first time. For the analysis, we utilised the satellite-based lightning imaging sensor data for the period from 1998 to 2013. A comparison of these climatological results is also performed with two ground-based lightning detection networks, namely, the World Wide Lightning Location Network and the Global Lightning Network for 3 yr from 2011 to 2013. On analysing the data obtained from the three sources, we conclude that the months of April and May are extremely vulnerable in the perspective of lightning hazards in Nepal, in contrast to the results reported previously which indicated that the maximum lightning activity occurred in the month of June. The central and eastern regions of the country receive the majority of lightning strikes during the months of April and May. The present finding is supported by the thunderstorm frequency data obtained from the disaster Information Management System, Nepal and also from thunder-day data from NOAA.

Evacuation Planning for Disaster Management by Using The Relaxation Based Algorithm and Route Choice Model

Research in the field of disaster management is done by utilizing information and communication technology. Where disaster management is discussed is about evacuation planning issues. The evacuation stage is a very crucial stage in the disaster evacuation process. There have been many methods and algorithms submitted for the evacuation planning process, but no one has directly addressed evacuation planning on dynamic issues concerning time-varying and volume-dependent. This research will use the Relaxation-Based Algorithm combined with the Route Choice Model to produce evacuation models that can be applied to dynamic issues related to time-varying and volume-dependent because some types of disaster will result in damage as time and evacuation paths are volume-dependent so as to adjust to the change in the number of people evacuated. Disaster data that will be used in this research is sourced from Disaster Information Management System sourced from DesInventar. The results of this study are expected to produce an evacuation planning model that can be applied to dynamic problems that take into account the time-varying and volume-dependent aspects.

A comparative study of disaster management information systems

PurposeDisaster management information systems (DMISs) have been proposed in different parts of the world for effective response to a disaster. The purpose of this paper is to: compare design approaches of these DMISs; examine similarities in the design of databases and communication infrastructure; and draw conclusions. Based on the examination of the studies, future opportunities have been identified and discussed.Design/methodology/approachThe studies in the available literature on the designs of automated DMISs have been reviewed in the presented paper to identify similarities in design premise, conceptual design and design considerations.FindingsThe examination of the available studies indicates that the research on DMIS has increased significantly in different countries of the world since 2004. Data of baseline information and available resources are required by most of the presented studies, as these data are necessary for effective response to a disaster. The communication infrastructures suggested include local area network, wide area network and satellite communication for better coordination between the responders and different relief agencies at different locations. The connectivity to these networks is possible through Ethernet, Wi-Fi, general packet radio service or satellite.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the research on DMIS has increased significantly over the last one decade, the studies are still few in numbers. Similarly, only few of the proposed systems have been developed and tested during a real disaster.Practical implicationsThe presented review of available studies provides a holistic view of the proposed DMISs which could be useful to the disaster management authorities.Originality/valueThe paper provides valuable information on the differences in the proposed DMISs. This can help in identifying the gaps for future improvements for increased effectiveness of a DMIS. The future opportunities have also been identified in the presented paper and are discussed.