Information Search Strategies Research Articles

Leader Attention to Information and Sustainability Performance

In contemporary business practice, sustainability has emerged as a focal point for understanding value creation. This study examines how leader attention influences sustainability performance. Specifically, it investigates two dimensions of leader attention: search intensity, which pertains to the depth and thoroughness of exploration, and search selection, which involves the criteria used to prioritize sustainability issues. This study employed a quantitative approach utilizing a survey methodology. Data collection of 30 SMEs was conducted through a postal survey, targeting the Malaysian service sector listed in the directory of the Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM). Data is analyzed using PLS-SEM to investigate perceptions regarding leader attention towards corporate sustainability performance. Employing the ABV theory, the findings indicate that search intensity positively impacts both corporate financial and non-financial performance, highlighting the importance of comprehensive information-gathering and analysis processes. However, the study does not find a significant relationship between search selection and financial performance, suggesting a limited impact of specific information search strategies. These results underscore the pivotal role of leader attention in shaping organizational sustainability performance. The study contributes to understanding how leader attention enhances sustainability and provides valuable insights for organizations. Despite its contributions, future research could explore mechanisms through which search intensity influences financial outcomes and consider moderating factors across industries and regions. In conclusion, this research emphasizes the importance of data-driven decision-making and comprehensive information search processes for corporate financial and non-financial performance in today's information-rich environment.

Informed Search Strategy for Synchronous Recognition of Groundwater Pollution Sources and Aquifer Parameters Based on an Improved DCN Substitute

Informed Search Strategy for Synchronous Recognition of Groundwater Pollution Sources and Aquifer Parameters Based on an Improved DCN Substitute

Study on the relationship between fixation characteristics and hit rate in psychological procedure training of free throw.

Free throw is an important means of scoring in basketball games. With the improvement of basketball competition level and the enhancement of confrontation degree, the number of free throws in the game gradually increases, so the score of free throw will have an important impact on the result of the game. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between visual attention characteristics and hit rate of basketball players in free throw psychological procedure training, so as to provide scientific basis for basketball teaching and training. Forty players with similar free throw abilities were randomly assigned to the experimental group (10 males, 10 females) and control group (10 males, 10 females). The experimental group was free throw psychological procedure training, while the control group was trained with routine training, Eye movement indices (number of fixations, fixation duration, and pupil dilation) and the free throw hit rate and analyzed before and after the experiment. Group differences were examined using t-tests, while paired sample t-tests were conducted to compare pre- and post-test results within each group. The training time and training times of the two groups were the same. There were significant differences in fixation duration, number of fixations, pupil diameter and free throw hit rate between pre-test and post-test in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Post-test, there were significant differences in number of fixations, fixation duration, pupil diameter and free throw hit rate between the two groups (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between number of fixations and free throw hit rate in top (P < 0.01), and there was a significant positive correlation between fixation duration and hit rate in front (P < 0.01). The psychological procedure training can improve the visual information search strategy and information processing ability of free throw, and significantly improve the free throw hit rate. There was a positive correlation between the front fixation time and the free throw hit rate, and there was a positive correlation between the top number of fixations and the free throw hit rate.

The differential impact of active learning on children's memory.

Successful active learning has often been quantified with respect to either the efficiency of information search or the accuracy of subsequent recall. In this article, we explored the hypothesis that children's memory is influenced by the types of information search strategies they implement, which may emphasize different aspects of the task stimuli. As a consequence, younger children's well-documented search inefficiency may turn out to be advantageous and result in better memory for some aspects of the task. In the current experiment, 5- to 10-year-old children (N = 124) played (active condition) or observed an agent play (passive condition) 20-questions games, and were then tested for their memory of several different aspects of the game both immediately after and a week later. Children showed overall improved recall in the active condition. Search efficiency was positively related to recall of the game's solution, but did not significantly impact performance on the other memory tests. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The predictors of academics' online information searching strategies: A structural model integrating cognitive absorption and digital literacy

Searching for information on online environments is a crucial part of today's academics' work. However, no published research has been identified that comprehensively focuses on academics' online information searching patterns. This study aimed to determine the predictor variables of academics' online information searching strategies. A structural model which seeks to explain the relationship between online information searching strategies and predictor variables was constructed. Data was collected with four different data collection instruments: “Personal Information Form”, “Online Information Searching Strategies Scales”, “Cognitive Absorption Scale”, and “Digital Literacy Scale”, which were collected from 501 academics from 18 different universities. SEM analysis techniques were used in the analysis of the data. Twenty-four hypotheses were tested through SEM analysis. The results of the analysis found that academics' online information search strategies can be predicted by digital literacy. Daily internet usage time has a significant effect on cognitive absorption. In addition, digital literacy has a mediating role between online information searching strategies and cognitive absorption.

Hubungan literasi informasi dengan self-directed learning mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Komunikasi

The creation of a thesis, which is the outcome of student research, is one of the requirements for graduation in higher education. In the thesis completion process, students are required to have adequate information literacy and self-directed learning skills. Students of Fikom Unpad, class of 2016, were introduced to the concept of information literacy during the new student orientation and in the TPB (Preparation Stage for Learning) program in the KBLI (Information Literacy Learning Activities) course. This research aims to identify the relationship between information literacy and self-directed learning among Fikom Unpad students of the 2016 class in the thesis preparation process. The research method used is quantitative, utilizing Chi-square and Pearson Product Moment analysis. The theoretical foundation refers to the ACRL (Association of College, Research, and Library) standards of 2000, covering aspects of information needs, information search strategies, information evaluation, information usage, and ethics and law in information use. This study involved 209 students of Fikom Unpad, class of 2016, with a sample size of 136 individuals. The results show a significant relationship between information literacy (X) and self-directed learning (Y), with a high correlation between sub-variable X (information needs, information search strategies, and information usage) and variable Y. Meanwhile, other sub-variables of X (information evaluation, ethics, and the law of information use) have a moderate relationship with variable Y. It was found that students' motivation and self-directed learning ability can increase with improved information literacy skills, considering the interrelation between the indicators of information literacy and self-directed learning. The higher the level of students' information literacy, the better their self-directed learning abilities.

Investigation of eye movement characteristics during free throws at varying intensities among basketball players and its correlation with free throw percentage.

Free throws serve as a crucial scoring mechanism in basketball games. As the level of basketball and the intensity of competition continue to improve, the frequency of free throw attempts gradually rises. However, with heightened game intensity, maintaining a consistent free throw success rate becomes increasingly challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate the eye movement characteristics exhibited by basketball players during free throws of varying intensities, as well as explore the relationship between these eye movement characteristics and free throw percentage. Twenty elite female basketball players were recruited to perform free throws at varying exercise intensities (low, moderate, and high) while wearing an eye tracker device. Eye tracking data was collected using the Tobii Glasses 3 eye tracker. Additionally, the Polar team pro, a heart rate monitoring system manufactured in Finland, was utilized to monitor participants' heart rates during different exercise intensities. The average number of fixations on the hoop and net during free throws of varying intensities exhibited statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The fixation durations of the hoop, backboard, and net exhibited statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Notably, the hoop accounted for the highest proportion of the overall average fixation duration. high-intensity free throws necessitate lengthier processing durations compared to low-intensity and medium-intensity free throws. Furthermore, for free throws of moderate intensity, there was a significant negative correlation between the number of fixations on the hoop and free throw percentage (P < 0.05). Conversely, for high intensity free throws, there was a significant positive correlation between the fixation duration on the hoop and free throw percentage (P < 0.05). Under the three kinds of sports intensity, the players mainly focus on the hoop position, the moderate intensity free throw has the best stability, and the information search strategy and information processing efficiency are the highest. In high intensity free throws, the longer the fixation duration at the hoop, the higher the free throw percentage; The higher the number of fixations at the hoop, the lower the percentage of free throws.

Öğretmen Adaylarının Dijital Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri ile Web Ortamında Bilgi Arama ve Yorumlama Stratejileri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

The purpose of this study is to investigate, in terms of certain characteristics, the relationship between pre-service teachers' digital literacy levels and their methods for looking up and analyzing information on the internet. During the 2019–2020 academic year, 500 teacher candidates at Necmettin Erbakan University Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education were given the Information Search and Interpretation Strategies Scale. A statistical program was utilized to analyze the research data. Gender, grade level, weighted grade averages, daily internet usage, daily social media usage, prior digital literacy education, mother and father education levels, and the most preferred device for Internet access were all identified as a consequence of the statistical analysis. The degree of digital literacy and the methods used to find and analyze information online did not appear to be significantly correlated. The digital literacy levels, information search and interpretation tactics used in the online environment, and the most frequent internet use characteristic of pre-service teachers were found to differ significantly.

Identification of optimal locations of adaptive traffic signal control using heuristic methods

Adaptive Traffic Signal Control (ATSC) adjusts signal timings to real-time traffic measurements, increasing operational efficiency within a network. However, ATSC is both expensive to install and operate making it infeasible to deploy at all signalized intersections within a network. This study presents a bi-level optimization framework that applies heuristic methods to identify a limited set of locations for ATSC deployment within an urban network. At the upper-level, the Population Based Incremental Learning (PBIL) algorithm is employed to generate, evaluate, learn, and update different ATSC configurations. The lower-level uses the delay-based Max-Pressure algorithm to simulate the ATSC configuration within a microsimulation platform. The study proposes improvements to the PBIL algorithm by considering constraints on the maximum number of intersections for ATSC deployment and incorporates prior information about the intersection performance (i.e., informed search). Simulation results on the traffic network of State College, PA reveal that the proposed PBIL algorithm consistently outperforms baseline methods that select locations only based on queue-lengths or delays in terms of reducing overall network travel times. The study also reveals that intersections experiencing the highest delays or longest queues are not always the best candidates for ATSC. Moreover, applying ATSC at all intersections does not always provide the best performance; in fact, ATSC applied to some locations could increase travel times by contributing additional congestion downstream. Additionally, the modified PBIL algorithm with the informed search strategy is more efficient at identifying promising solutions suggesting it can be readily applied to more generalized optimization problems.

A Meta‐Analytic Assessment of the Effects of Emotions on Political Information Search and Decision‐Making

AbstractWith increasing interest in the role of emotions in politics across the discipline, we review theoretical and methodological approaches utilized by political psychologists. Although theorists have been highlighting the role of emotions in politics for thousands of years, modern political psychologists primarily employ Marcus, Neuman, and MacKuen's (2000) affective intelligence theory to grapple with the consequences of emotions for political attitudes and behavior. We present results from a formal meta‐analytic assessment exploring the strength of the empirical evidence for the relationship between emotions and political information search and decision strategies. Overall, we find weak but statistically reliable evidence linking anger, anxiety, and enthusiasm to information search when search is self‐reported, but when information search is objectively measured, we find no link between it and anxiety or enthusiasm. Surprisingly, we also find little reliable evidence linking emotions to differential reliance on heuristics or more evidence‐based criteria in voter decision‐making.

Influence of technical, cognitive and socio-emotional factors on digital literacy in nursing students assessed using structural equation modeling

BackgroundDigital literacy is one of the 21st-century skills that nursing students should develop and acquire. Several factors influencing digital literacy have been identified, but the predictive role of technical, cognitive, and socio-emotional factors in digital literacy remains unexplored in nursing students. ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the digital literacy level and determine the predictive role of technical, cognitive, and socio-emotional factors in digital literacy among nursing students in Turkey using a structural equation modeling (SEM)–based approach. DesignA web-based, predictive, cross-sectional study. SettingsThis study was conducted among first-, second-, third- and fourth-year students in a nursing faculty located in the capital of Turkey in the academic year 2021–2022. ParticipantsOverall, 210 nursing students were recruited for this study. MethodsThe use of a digital literacy model guided data collection. Data were collected between 8 and 28 June 2022 using online Google Forms. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SEM. ResultsNursing students' digital literacy mean score was 67.29 (13.60). Internet self-efficacy (β = 0.31, p < 0.001), online information search strategies (β = 0.20, p = 0.003), and online privacy concerns (β = 0.14, p = 0.024) were positive predictors, whereas social media use (β = −0.13, p = 0.032) was a negative predictor of digital literacy. Among these variables, Internet self-efficacy had the most significant influence on the digital literacy level. The four variables contributed to 22 % of variance in the digital literacy level. ConclusionsThis study shows nursing students' digital literacy level is above average. Our findings suggest that technical, cognitive, and socio-emotional factors influence digital literacy.

Evaluating the quality of health technology assessment reports in a developing country.

No single method of health technology assessment (HTA) can meet all the policy- and decision-making needs in a country. However, there should be minimum criteria for performing HTA worldwide, and many HTA agencies have reached a consensus on this. This study aimed to assess the quality of HTA reports in the Islamic Republic of Iran. We examined all the HTA research reports published by the Iranian HTA office up to 2020, using the International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment checklist for quality assessment. A total of 97 reports were examined, of which only 10.0% provided complete and appropriate contact details for further information and 5.6% clearly stated a conflict of interest. In 87.78% of the reports, the scope of assessment was clearly determined. The quality of the reports was relatively appropriate as well as details of the sources of information and text search strategies. Some 7.8%, 74.4%, 11.1%, 8.9%, and 4.4%, respectively, of the reports considered legal aspects, economic analysis, ethical implications, social implications, and other stakeholder perspectives. We recommend that minimum standards be established for the HTA process so that healthcare policy- and decision-makers can make reliable decisions on the basis of the HTA reports.

Kemampuan Literasi Informasi Mahasiswa Prodi Perpustakaan dan Ilmu Informasi Angkatan 2021 UIN Malang dalam Menyelesaikan Tugas Perkuliahan dengan Model Literasi Big Six

Students as academics in higher education need information to carry out assignments given by lecturers. Student interaction with information is certainly different from one another. This study was written to describe the information literacy abilities of students majoring in Library and Information Sciences at UIN Malang. The information literacy model used in this research framework is the big six literacy model. The method used is a qualitative approach and data collection techniques using interviews. The results of the study show that each student has different information literacy skills in completing their coursework. Several stages of information literacy that students have mastered are task definition, use of information, and synthesis. However, there are still stages that need to be improved, such as information search strategy, location and access to information, and evaluation

Relationship between Internet Self-efficacy, Information Literacy, and Digital Nativity, and Online Information Searching Strategies among Public University Students in Hebei, China

Relationship between Internet Self-efficacy, Information Literacy, and Digital Nativity, and Online Information Searching Strategies among Public University Students in Hebei, China

Computational Systems Design of Low-Cost Lightweight Robots

With the increased demand for customisation, developing task-specific robots for industrial and personal applications has become essential. Collaborative robots are often preferred over conventional industrial robots in human-centred production environments. However, fixed architecture robots lack the ability to adapt to changing user demands, while modular, reconfigurable robots provide a quick and affordable alternative. Standardised robot modules often derive their characteristics from conventional industrial robots, making them expensive and bulky and potentially limiting their wider adoption. To address this issue, the current work proposes a top-down multidisciplinary computational design strategy emphasising the low cost and lightweight attributes of modular robots within two consecutive optimisation problems. The first step employs an informed search strategy to explore the design space of robot modules to identify a low-cost robot architecture and controller. The second step employs dynamics-informed structural optimisation to reduce the robot’s net weight. The proposed methodology is demonstrated on a set of example requirements, illustrating that (1) the robot modules allow exploring non-intuitive robot architectures, (2) the structural mass of the resulting robot is 16 % lower compared to a robot designed using conventional aluminium tubes, and (3) the designed modules ensure the physical feasibility of the robots produced.

Online tourist information search strategies

Technological advances continue to significantly change tourist information search behaviour. This paper revisits online tourist information search strategies by reconceptualising them as a combination of goals, approaches and online sources. Based on pre-trip and post-trip interviews and trip planning diaries, the paper investigates how tourists search for information online. An online tourist information search strategy framework is developed by considering how tourists integrate approaches and sources to meet their information search goals. The key contributions of the study are the redefinition of tourist information search strategy in an online context, a classification of sources that more suitably reflects online information-scapes, and the identification of interesting and often complex search patterns that suggest changes in information search strategies over the course of trip planning.

Imagining futures: Cognitive processes of desirable or undesirable project prospections

The identification of plausible desirable and undesirable future events is fundamentally a cognitive process of prospecting possible futures. Yet, organizational practices designed for the identification and management of these uncertain futures, specifically project risk management, heed little attention to the role of cognition in these processes. Building on the theory of ‘pragmatic prospection’, we address this gap and examine the cognitive processes involved in prospection of desirable vs. undesirable project futures while identifying opportunities vs. risks. Empirically, we analyse the information search behaviour and post-hoc search verbalization in an experimental project risk and opportunity identification task. We find that risk identification relies often on simpler approaches with lower cognitive load, while opportunities triggered more explicit information search strategies and were more prone to evoke agency within the imagined futures. These findings challenge the assumption – widely held in risk management practice – that risks and opportunities can be approached by the same processes. We conclude with an outlook on how a better understanding of the involved cognitive processes can support foresight activities in project planning and beyond.

Mobile Phones, Farmers, and the Unsettling of Geertz's Moroccan Suq/Bazaar Economy

Abstract In this article, I first examine the ways Moroccan smallholder farmers deploy mobile phones to revise their relationships with markets and roving middlemen. Second, based on a mixed method of participant observation and survey data, I claim that mobile phone use has transformed farmers’ economic behaviour, resulting in deeper market participation and the gradual undoing of the role of middlemen in the agricultural value chain. Finally, I contend that farmers’ use of mobile phones to synthesise market information from different marketplaces does not only unsettle Clifford Geertz's arguments on information search strategies in the suq economy, but it also renders the centrality of his notions of intensive bargaining and clientilisation far less important than it used to be before the onset of mobile phones.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRINCIPAL POLICIES AND WORK MOTIVATION ON THE LEARNING PERFORMANCE OF MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH TEACHERS

This takes into account the decision points 1) There is a significant relationship between the director's approach to creative use of data and the academic performance of the faculty members at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Parung district . 2) There is a remarkable relationship between work inspiration and academic performance of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah instructors in Parung locality. 3) The relationship between the principal's disposition in the innovative use of data and work inspiration with the learning outcomes of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah faculty members in the Parung region. This examines the research strategies used and the methods of correlation. The test method uses a moderate test method such that a reasonable number of counts is 60 checks. Collect information about learning outcomes using reports and survey responses. At this stage, the information search strategy used expressive evaluation and inferential factual evaluation. It turns out that 1) There is a significant relationship between the approach of school principals to the use of information technology and the academic performance of instructors in essential schools in the Parung region . 2) There is a remarkable relationship between work inspiration and academic performance of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah instructors in the Parung region. 3) There is a general relationship between the director's arrangement for creative use of data and the inspiration for the work done by the instructors Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in the Parung region.

A284 DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF THE ABDOMINAL X-RAY IN CHILDHOOD CONSTIPATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Abstract Background Childhood constipation is a relatively common condition in pediatrics, with a global pooled prevalence of 9.5%. The most common form of constipation in children is functional in nature, a clinical diagnosis defined by the Rome IV criteria. Although available data discourage the use of the abdominal x-ray (AXR) for the evaluation of constipation in children due to its limited value, radiation exposure, as well as its possible misleading nature, a significant number of clinicians continue to use AXRs in children with constipation. Given that it has been 10 years since the last systematic review on this topic was published, an updated systematic review is now warranted. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the abdominal x-ray in children with functional constipation (FC). Method The protocol was registered (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022301833) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Eligibility criteria Study population included children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years with a clinical diagnosis of FC in whom AXR was performed. The radiographic parameters that were used to evaluate the AXR had to be specified by the authors. Exclusion criteria included children with organic causes of constipation and children younger than two years. Information sources, search strategy and selection criteria A reference librarian searched the Medline, Embase and Scopus databases from 2012 (year of last systematic review) to May 2022. The search was limited to English only. In addition, reference lists from selected papers were screened for relevant articles. Data collection Two authors independently screened eligible articles. Disagreements between investigators were resolved by consensus with a third investigator. Extracted data was inputted into a structured collection sheet by two authors working independently. Risk of bias assessment and applicability concerns To assess the risk of bias and applicability concerns, two investigators working independently applied six of the QUADAS-2 items to each of the included articles. Result(s) The search identified a total of 1,125 articles, of which only three were included in the final qualitative analysis. A quantitative analysis was not conducted due to clinical and methodologic heterogeneity. Two studies were conducted in the USA (case-control studies) and one study was conducted in Iran (cohort study), involving a total of 416 children. All three studies used different radiographic parameters to define constipation. The two case-control studies were deemed unclear-to-low risk of bias, while the cohort study was considered unclear-to-high risk of bias. Figure 1 shows the study findings. Image Conclusion(s) There is insufficient evidence to support the use of AXR for the diagnostic workup of FC. More methodologically rigorous studies are needed in order to determine the utility of the AXR in FC. The diagnosis of FC should be based on history and clinical findings. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below None Disclosure of Interest None Declared OBESITY, METABOLIM &amp; NUTRITION