Information Retrieval Resources Research Articles

Construction of Amharic information retrieval resources and corpora

Construction of Amharic information retrieval resources and corpora

Analysis of the main trends of the domestic market of contraceptive medical products in the context of increasing the country’s national security

The availability of high-quality and reliable information due developing and making managerial decisions process is the key to its effective functioning in the medicines and medical devices supply systems for any population groups. Аims. Conducting a comparative retrospective marketing analysis of the contraceptive medical devices market for the period 2020-2022 with the subsequent formation of an information array to assess the contraceptives suppling to female consumers. Materials and methods. The research materials are data from the State Register of Medical Equipment and Medical Devices of Ukraine, the Compendium Online information retrieval system, the Regulatory Documents of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine database, publications in scientific and practical publications in the direction of the study, data from the «Compendium» online information resource and an Internet resource for finding drugs in pharmacies of Ukraine «Tabletki.ua». Methods: content analysis, comparative and analytical methods, marketing research. The results of the research. The main assortment changes in contraceptive medical devices (CMD) for the period 2020-2022 were established: fullness and width. Changes in the corporate structure and market segmentation by producing countries were determined. The indices of the level of market monopolization were calculated and compared. Conclusions. As a result of a comprehensive study, the existing registries, information retrieval resources were analyzed and an assortment of modern CMD was formed, which has decreased by 20% over the past two years and is represented by male condoms - 80% and IC (intrauterine contraceptives) - 20%. It was established that there are no contraceptives such as the female condom, cervical cap and diaphragm on the Ukrainian CMD market, which significantly limits the choice of a female consumer. The general and segment indices of market monopolization in 2020 and 2022 were calculated. Based on them, progressive monopolistic tendencies were traced.

Heavy and light media multitaskers employ different neurocognitive strategies in a prospective memory task: An ERP study

Multitasking with several media streams is pervasive. Converging studies have investigated whether and how frequent media multitasking affects cognition. The present study explored the potential behavioral and neurocognitive differences between heavy media multitaskers (HMM) and light media multitaskers (LMM) in prospective memory (PM). The event-related potentials (ERPs) recorded the prospective memory task's underlying processes. Participants needed to perform a PM task (detecting the PM cue and retrieving the PM intention) during an ongoing task. The behavioral results showed a comparable accuracy but a faster response time for HMM than for LMM. ERP results revealed that the two groups employed different neurocognitive strategies. HMM recruited more cognitive resources to monitor the occurrence of the PM cue, whereas LMM spontaneously detected the PM cue when it appeared. Moreover, HMM allocated equivalent cognitive resources for information retrieval in the PM and ongoing trials, whereas LMM could concentrate on the PM trials. The results supported the scattered attention hypothesis and the trained attention hypothesis and indicated that HMM employed a more resource-demanding strategy than LMM. Moreover, our results suggest that the neurocognitive investigations could serve as valuable supplements to behavioral results.

Using Data Mining Techniques for Detecting Dependencies in the Outcoming Data of a Web-Based System

The increasing amount of data from web systems data is becoming one of the most valuable resources for information retrieval and knowledge discovery. The huge content of information makes it an important area for data mining research. To analyze the dependencies of the outcoming data, expressed as query scenarios, we present a new approach for evaluating the behavior of interactive web systems by applying different data mining techniques to solve the problem. We propose tools that take outcoming logs as input, analyze them, and provide information about web client actions. Qualitative and quantitative automatic evaluation of the data can explain the connections between the most significant parameters of the system in particular scenarios. In this paper, we propose a new method, which can be used to efficiently verify the type of client behavior of a web system or design of the system. The analysis of results demonstrates the possibility of efficient pattern search.

Arabic Word Sense Disambiguation for Information Retrieval

In the context of using semantic resources for information retrieval, the relationship and distance between concepts are considered important for word sense disambiguation. In this article, we experiment with Conceptual Density and Random Walk with graph methods to enhance the performance of the Arabic Information Retrieval System. To do this, a medium-sized corpus was used. The results proved that Random Walk can enhance the performance of the information retrieval system by achieving a mean improvement of 13%, 16%, and 12% in terms of recall, precision, and F-score, respectively.

Comparative Analysis of Information Retrieval Behavior of Scientific Bibliographic Databases Users

Statistical study of the information retrieval behavior of information resources users, generated by Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of RAN (INION RAN), in the search for scientific information over the past decade for two groups of users: guests and registered users, has been carried out. The results of the study are compared with that of the similar studies made in earlier periods to detect changes and trends. Comparative analysis showed a decrease in the search activity of users with the status of a guest, both in terms of the duration of the search session and the use of unique search operations, while the behavior of registered users has not changed. For the analysis, the following indicators were used: search session duration, number of unique operations per session, use of various databases and interfaces types. Such analysis of the information retrieval behavior is relevant for understanding effectiveness of information retrieval resources. The statistical data can be used to design new search interfaces for various categories of users.

Instagram and hashtags as a resource for information retrieval

Pesquisa exploratória e descritiva que tem como objetivo examinar a natureza das hashtags como um recurso informacional para a nomeação e recuperação da informação do Instagram. O tagueamento é abordado como um processo que é realizado para a nomeação livre de fotos e vídeos pelos usuários mediante o uso de tags (etiquetas) na rede social estudada. O Instagram é compreendido como uma rede social de grande popularidade, que vem sendo cada vez mais aderido pela sociedade como fonte de informação, mas, por outro lado, aponta-se também a questão da desinformação. Apresenta as hashtags como uma forma de gestão de conteúdo, justificando seu uso como uma representação da informação que pode se beneficiar das técnicas de indexação. Utilizam-se como procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa bibliográfica para levantamento da literatura referente ao tema em bases de dados e a pesquisa empírica que é realizada no ambiente do Instagram a fim da coleta da amostra e objeto de investigação. A abordagem adotada no estudo é quantiqualitativa, em que são examinadas as hashtags de fotos e vídeos empregadas em trinta e três perfis de viagens e turismo, resultando em 330 publicações, entre fotos e vídeos, e 945 hashtags diferentes. Estas são identificadas e examinadas conforme categorias de análise derivadas da literatura de Ciência da Informação. Os resultados são apresentados estatisticamente e comentados. Concluiu-se que as hashtags cumprem parcialmente a função de meio de busca de informação, mas a relação entre a fonte de informação (fotos e vídeos) e sua nomeação por meio de hashtags intuitivas apresentam problemas: entre outros, inconsistências em relação ao conteúdo. É preciso considerar a possibilidade da criação de orientações para o uso de hashtags no Instagram.

Intrainstitutional EHR collections for patient‐level information retrieval

Research in clinical information retrieval has long been stymied by the lack of open resources. However, both clinical information retrieval research innovation and legitimate privacy concerns can be served by the creation of intrainstitutional, fully protected resources. In this article, we provide some principles and tools for information retrieval resource‐building in the unique problem setting of patient‐level information retrieval, following the tradition of the Cranfield paradigm. We further include an analysis of parallel information retrieval resources at Oregon Health & Science University and Mayo Clinic that were built on these principles.

Do engineering students perceive that different learning and teaching modes improve their referencing and citation skills?

The present work explores the research question: do capstone engineering students perceive that different learning and teaching modes improve their referencing and citation skills? Two different teaching and learning modes of instruction were implemented for demonstration and training on the use of engineering databases and bibliographic information retrieval resources: i.e. small group and large group. A survey was conducted of students’ perception of the mode of instruction in both a large class format and the small-class hands-on environment. Analysis of the survey data yielded an overall positive response from students to the implementation of computerised bibliographic software for both class formats. However, this study found compelling evidence that students highly value the intensive instruction in a small group to assist them in improving their use and understanding of citations in written documentation.

Soybean Knowledge Base (SoyKB): a web resource for soybean translational genomics

BackgroundSoybean Knowledge Base (SoyKB) is a comprehensive all-inclusive web resource for soybean translational genomics. SoyKB is designed to handle the management and integration of soybean genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics data along with annotation of gene function and biological pathway. It contains information on four entities, namely genes, microRNAs, metabolites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).MethodsSoyKB has many useful tools such as Affymetrix probe ID search, gene family search, multiple gene/metabolite search supporting co-expression analysis, and protein 3D structure viewer as well as download and upload capacity for experimental data and annotations. It has four tiers of registration, which control different levels of access to public and private data. It allows users of certain levels to share their expertise by adding comments to the data. It has a user-friendly web interface together with genome browser and pathway viewer, which display data in an intuitive manner to the soybean researchers, producers and consumers.ConclusionsSoyKB addresses the increasing need of the soybean research community to have a one-stop-shop functional and translational omics web resource for information retrieval and analysis in a user-friendly way. SoyKB can be publicly accessed at http://soykb.org/.

Fast Information Retrieval in the Open Grid Service Architecture

In research, grid computing is an established way of providing computer resources for information retrieval. However, e-science grids also contain, process and produce documents - thereby acting as digital libraries and requiring means for information discovery. In this paper, we discuss how distributed information retrieval can be integrated into the Open Grid Service Architecture (OGSA) to efficiently provide image retrieval for e-science grids. We identify two fundamental ways of performing information retrieval on the grid - as a batch job or as a distributed activity - and argue the case for the latter for reasons of efficiency. We give an analysis of the theoretic communication and computation complexity and demonstrate that bandwidth limitations provide a decisive argument to support our case. We describe further design decisions for our system architecture and give a brief comparison with other designs reported in literature. Lastly, we describe how the statelessness and isolation of web services impede data-intensive, distributed, cross-site activities in OGSA grids, and how to escape them.

Importance weighting and andness control in De Morgan dual power means and OWA operators

Importance weighted aggregation plays a central role in utilization of information resources for information retrieval and fusion, pattern and object recognition, decision making, etc. A class of aggregation operators of particular interest is formed by the aggregation operators between the min (minimum) and the max (maximum), the so-called averaging operators. Two key issues in the choice of such an operator for a given application are the kind of importance weighting and the andness (“minness”) of the operator. Two main kinds of importance weighting for such operators, namely multiplicative and implicative, are proposed and discussed. The purpose of this paper is to facilitate the choice and application of such operators through providing a systematization of their classes according to their behavior and equipping some classical averaging operators, namely the power means and the OWA operators, with importance weighting schemes and direct parametric andness control for both kinds of importance weighting. For increased efficacy and for symmetric behavior by andness and orness (=1−andness) at the same degree of both measures, the two classes of averaging operators are applied in a De Morgan dual form. The main issue in the choice of underlying the classical averaging operator appears to be the computational cost of its application.

Teaching online information retrieval to students of journalism

In the beginning of the 1990s it was decided to start educating journalists at two Danish universities. This was decided in the hope that such academic journalists would carry greater insight into that work. Therefore for the curricula of these students of journalism some traditional academic disciplines were introduced. One such academic discipline was information retrieval. It was clear, however, that the information retrieval course had to be designed specifically for the students of journalism, as the information needs of journalists differ from the information needs of more traditional academic disciplines. Thus, this article describes the work done in order to develop such a course for students of journalism. Firstly, it analyses the information needs of journalists on a theoretical basis. Secondly, an empirical study analyses which information retrieval resources are available to Danish journalists. Finally, it combines the theoretical and the empirical findings in arguing that it is necessary to provide students of journalism with a theoretical understanding of how online information retrieval works, and also practical experience with several information retrieval resources that they are supposed to use in their daily work.

The literature of women and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): implications for collection development and information retrieval.

The purpose of the study was to identify the pattern of publication about women and AIDS in scientific journals. Bradford zones were identified in each of six databases. The study determined that journal scatter for this subset of AIDS literature differed from the scatter in the general literature; further, the information indexed in the six electronic sources demonstrated little overlap. Consequently, key journal and newsletter titles identified by this study should form the core of any collection focusing on women and AIDS. The assurance of quality patient care management demands that librarians consult multiple resources for information retrieval that can assist health care providers, patients, and caregivers to enhance quality of life as well as to provide optimum care.

Challenges and Opportunities of Libraries as Online Search Environments

The purpose of this article is to look at the public libraries, university libraries and special libraries and information bureaus as online search environments in Finland at the beginning of the 1990s. Their challenges and opportunities are looked at by paying attention to their general and specific environments. The changes in the general environment of libraries are described briefly. The differences of specific online search environments are analyzed by paying attention to i) the age of organisations and the establishment of online searches, ii) the size of organisations and the division of labour in online searching, iii) the available online information retrieval resources, iv) the number of online searches, v) the online searching policies, i.e. the participation of the clients in the search process and the adopted fee policy, and vi) the clients of online searches

Systematic utilization of human resources as an integral part of information science work

AbstractIt is difficult to consistently remember the names of business acquaintances and draw upon their particular subject knowledge as a help in enquiry answering. The place of formal ‘indexes to people’ as a part of information science work is considered in relation to informal communication networks and existing formal information retrieval resources. Examples of some of the ‘indexes’ in existence or planned are given and some suggestions made as to what could be done. Additionally, some ideas are put forward as to what an information scientist should do in his everyday work to ensure that, when it is appropriate, he will exploit available human resources.