Information Provision System Research Articles

Електронне урядування як невід’ємний атрибут публічних комунікацій громадянського суспільства

Ukraine has identified the digital transformation of public communications as a priority policy for developing civil society. After the Association Agreement of Ukraine with the European Union, the introduction of European norms and standards in establishing electronic democracy as the basis for further developing the digital public space is of great importance. The study aims to justify measures to improve the mechanisms of civil society’s public communications in the conditions of electronic democracy in Ukraine, considering foreign experience. The content of the theoretical foundations of electronic governance in the context of functional support is disclosed; the level of information and communication technologies in the system of public management and administration was analyzed; the system of electronic government was investigated in the context of the development of public communications and the renewal of the regulatory and legal framework of Ukraine; trends of state policy in the field of e-governance were monitored; ways of further development of the information and digital space in the system of public communications of Ukraine are proposed. Based on the aspect analysis, a conceptual model of the system of information and communication provision of e-governance is proposed, which is built based on the analysis of the subject area and the selection of priority electronic resources that consider the interests of the state and individual subjects of civil society. In modern conditions, the system of electronic public communications must be fully adapted to the needs and requirements of civil society, in which modern information and communication technologies are the main driving forces of social and economic transformations. Information technology innovations in public administration must be complex, simultaneously, and coherently combining informational, organizational, legal, socio-psychological, personnel, technical, and other factors. Keywords: electronic governance, communications, information and communication technologies, public administration, civil society.

Smartphone usage and daily trips: an empirical study of small and rural communities in Texas

ABSTRACT This study investigated stated trip changes related to smartphone usage among the residents in nine small and rural communities in Texas, based on a 419-respondent online survey. The survey results showed that most participants always used smartphones to perform tasks. After controlling for socioeconomic status, perceived adaptability to technology, and population density, smartphone usage was generally positively associated with the stated impact on daily trip frequency. High-income participants were less likely to report a positive impact of smartphone usage on work-related trips. Compared to younger adults, smartphone use among older adults (aged 50 years or older) was less likely to influence trip-making. Based on the study findings, policy recommendations about smartphone-based information provision systems and information accessibility were discussed. The findings could help policymakers and practitioners design planning protocols that encourage sustainable travel and build the next-generation small and rural communities.

블록체인과 영지식 증명에 기반한 프라이버시 보호 기술 연구

As the utilization value of personal information increases, discussions on how to provide personal information are active, but information required by institutions to utilize personal information is being exposed more than necessary. Therefore, personal privacy protection is essential to overcome the problems and limitations of personal information protection. In this study, a decentralized identity information management model that overcomes the problems and limitations of the centralized identity management method of personal information and manages and selectively provides personal information by the information owner himself and demonstrates the excellence of personal information by implementing the Smart Personal Information Provision System (SPIPS) in the PBFT consensus algorithm through experiments.

Information provision, accounting and analysis of food losses and waste: EU experience for Ukraine

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical, methodological and methodical foundations for the formation of the system of accounting, analysis and information base of food losses and waste in Ukraine.
 Methodology / approach. The collection of information for conducting a scientific study was carried out using qualitative (literature review, research of ideas and experience on research issues) and quantitative (study of quantitative indicators of food losses in production and sales chains in Ukraine) methods based on the description of secondary research (synthesis of existing knowledge and analysis of established trends). Data analysis was carried out using thematic analysis (systematization of scientific results from research issues), statistical method (construction of a trend line and determination of forecast data), the method of comparisons (selection of a specific system based on qualitative analysis) and generalizations (substantiation of proposals and formation of conclusions).
 Results. The need to introduce in Ukraine the accounting methodology for food losses and waste, recommended by FAO is determined; the expediency of using the mass flow analysis method is substantiated; systematized data sources of information provision for food losses and waste monitoring. As a result of a critical analysis of theoretical, methodological and methodical principles regarding the formation of a system of accounting, analysis and information base of food losses and waste in Ukraine, the authors proposed a system of accounting, analysis and information provision of food losses and waste in Ukraine. The proposed system includes 1) a methodological basis for accounting for food losses and waste, 2) a method of analysis in the accounting system food losses and waste, and 3) information support for accounting and analysis of the process of food losses and waste.
 Originality / scientific novelty. For the first time, a study of the methodology of accounting for food losses and waste, methods of analysis and information provision of this process in the EU was conducted, based on the results of which approaches to the formation of a corresponding system in Ukraine were proposed.
 Practical value / implications. The application of a unified methodology of the food losses and waste accounting system will allow accurate quantitative assessment of food losses and waste in Ukraine, which will be suitable for international comparison, tracking progress in achieving the target indicators of the SDG12, developing relevant policies and applying effective frameworks for reduction of food losses and waste in Ukraine. This work emphasizes the need for further empirical research aimed at the quantitative analysis of food losses and waste in Ukraine, as well as the assessment of the losses caused by the russian federation in the agricultural sector and the reduction of the food potential of our country, which is a significant component of reparations and contributions from the aggressor state.

A Design Theory for Transparency of Information Privacy Practices

Public policy initiatives demand transparency of information privacy practices (TIPP) since the 1970s, at least, when a first version of the fair information practice principles (FIPP) was published. Decades later, information system (IS) providers are still struggling to meet this demand. Apparently, there is a tension between socially desirable guardrails for privacy practices (e.g., allowing for anonymity) and economic value creation (e.g., exploiting personalization surplus). To inform IS designs that can change such avaricious states to the benefit of consumers, we present a theoretical foundation (TIPP theory) explaining and prescribing what needs to be built to establish TIPP in the real world. On the one hand, TIPP theory explains why IS providers, who have privacy practices to hide, should not go beyond IS designs that meet legal demands. More importantly, TIPP theory explains and prescribes what IS providers need to build to actually establish TIPP and be able to differentiate from competitors by doing so. TIPP theory will be useful for all involved parties: IS providers are enabled to avoid privacy notice fallacies, public policy makers can give more details in their related guidance and laws published, and consumers can, ultimately, interact with IS that actually establish TIPP.

The Transdisciplinary Approach to Developing an Integrated Water-Related Disaster Information System for Municipalities

Although the transdisciplinary approach (TDA) is becoming popular during the implementation of disaster management facilities in recent years, there are few examples of the research and development phase of disaster management technology. The Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP) Phase 2, financed by the Government of Japan, emphasizes the need for industry-academia-government cooperation, and is undertaking the research and development of a disaster information provision system. As part of this program, since 2018, Kyushu University, as an academic participant, and Foundation of River & Basin Integrated Communications (FRICS), as a practitioner, are developing the “Integrated-System of Disaster Reduction for Municipalities” (IDR4M) in collaboration with municipalities across Japan. This article introduces IDR4M’s development process, especially the collaboration between academia and municipalities, who are the system’s actual users.

Development of a novel drug information provision system for Kampo medicine using natural language processing technology

BackgroundKampo medicine is widely used in Japan; however, most physicians and pharmacists have insufficient knowledge and experience in it. Although a chatbot-style system using machine learning and natural language processing has been used in some clinical settings and proven useful, the system developed specifically for the Japanese language using this method has not been validated by research. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel drug information provision system for Kampo medicines using a natural language classifier® (NLC®) based on IBM Watson.MethodsThe target Kampo formulas were 33 formulas listed in the 17th revision of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. The information included in the system comes from the package inserts of Kampo medicines, Manuals for Management of Individual Serious Adverse Drug Reactions, and data on off-label usage. The system developed in this study classifies questions about the drug information of Kampo formulas input by natural language into preset questions and outputs preset answers for the questions. The system uses morphological analysis, synonym conversion by thesaurus, and NLC®. We fine-tuned the information registered into NLC® and increased the thesaurus. To validate the system, 900 validation questions were provided by six pharmacists who were classified into high or low levels of knowledge and experience of Kampo medicines and three pharmacy students.ResultsThe precision, recall, and F-measure of the system performance were 0.986, 0.915, and 0.949, respectively. The results were stable even with differences in the amount of expertise of the question authors.ConclusionsWe developed a system using natural language classification that can give appropriate answers to most of the validation questions.

Development of an Information Provision System for Attention Disorder Symptoms

Spatial attention disorder, also known as unilateral spatial neglect (USN), and non-spatial attention disorder often co-occur after stroke. In previous studies, the development of an electronic USN test system has made it possible to record detailed test data that are impossible with paper-based testing. However, the method of providing information on the test data has not been investigated, and the USN test system is exclusively used for research purposes. Therefore, we developed a system to provide information on the models of attention disorders in different formats, such as numerical, graphical, and superimposed images. The developed information provision system can provide information according to the characteristics of the users. Evaluation experiment was confirmed that the system is effective to change the information provision format according to the subject.

The role of information technologies in education

In the article we find out the possibilities of using information technologies to modernize the educational process in higher education institutions. The article reveals the content of information technologies, describes the possibilities of their application, and shows their role in higher education institutions for the modernization of education. It is noted the functions inherent in the system of information provision of monitoring and quality control of education. The article distinguished the components of information technologies (hardware and software; applied information; the end user of information and the components of the national information system (modern telecommunications infrastructure; distributed computer network; system of national information resources); system-methodological. Information technologies are classified according to several features: the method of process in the information system; the step of treatment of organization tasks; the classes of hi-tech actions carried out; the kind of user interface). Priority directions in the field of informatization of education (introduction of multimedia technology, use of multimedia products in higher education institutions) have been identified. Aspects of information inequality are described (physical access, financial access, cognitive access, access to significant information, and political access). The significance of distance education for today is shown, and its principles are considered.

Analysis of the Effect of Providing Pedestrian Crossing Information at the Blind Spots of Intersections on Vehicle Traffic

In this study, we conducted an analysis of the pedestrian safety system for crosswalks introduced in Korea to improve sustainable traffic safety. The pedestrian crossing information provision system provides information to a driver in advance when a pedestrian is detected in the driver’s blind spot when the latter is turning right at an intersection. The location analyzed was the three-way intersection in front of Yungheung Elementary School in Jeollabuk-do, and vehicle speed information for 150–160 min before and after system installation was collected. As a result of comparing and analyzing the change in the compliance rate of the spot speed and the speed limit, it was found that there was no statistical difference in the change in the spot speed, but in the absence of pedestrians, the speed increased slightly compared with that before installation. The change in the speed limit compliance rate was found to improve when pedestrian crossing information was provided. In addition, a chi-square test found that there was a difference in the speed limit compliance rate before and after system installation where pedestrians existed (when information was provided), while there was no difference in the situation where pedestrians did not exist (when information was not provided).

The current situation of stroke patients and their families' problems and how to provide support in the future

Stroke is a disease that requires not only acute treatment but also long-term continuous cooperation between medical care, nursing care, and welfare, including rehabilitation, life support, and support for returning to work and school. Therefore, it is necessary to build a one-stop information provision and consultation support system from acute care hospitals. At the stroke consultation desk, a stroke specialist is in charge, and each professional who is familiar with stroke, such as certified nurses, medical social workers, physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, pharmacists, registered dietitians, and clinical psychologists (certified public psychologists), collaborate as counselors for stroke care and support. Those team provide information and support to their families on medical care, welfare, nursing care, etc., and share information with collaborating medical institutions.

Ultraviolet sterilization information provision system of baggage carts and arriving baggage for airports

In this study, we develop a system to provide information on the sterilization of baggage carts and arriving passenger baggage to airport (Hereafter referred as arrival baggage) by using ultraviolet (UV) sterilization and information communication technology as border quarantine measures at airports. This system sterilizes arrival baggage and baggage carts by UV irradiation, and allows passengers to easily view the sterilization information recognized by radio frequency indentation technology. This is to provide safety and security not only to passengers, but also to staff, who may come into direct contact with the arrival baggage, of airport, airline, customs, and so on. In addition, the passengers can be provided with baggage tracking information, such as the current location and estimated delivering time of the baggage. This makes it possible to keep social distancing at baggage claims as an infection prevention. Furthermore, we verify the feasibility of the developed system and identify the issues to be addressed for its practical application through a demonstration of proof of concept at Central Japan International Airport.

도심지 침수대응 시민안전 지원기술개발에 관한 연구

Recently, the frequency of flooding caused by abnormal weather has been increasing. Basically, the damage of flooding in urban areas is because the size of the outflow increases due to the increase in the impermeable surface due to urbanization. In addition, due to reasons such as problems with sewage pipes, there is a lot of damage from flooding in urban areas. This study developed a simulation technology for flood prediction in Daejeon Metropolitan City in areas at risk of flooding in urban areas. A system of flood prediction was established by applying the developed simulation. In addition, an information provision system was developed to determine evacuation and bypass routes linked to local traffic conditions. Also, it is an empirical study that minimizes damage to citizens in the event of flooding by developing a rapid real-time situation transmission system. This study created new technologies and services to solve problems in cooperation with experts and public officials through Living Lab for citizens' safety in case of flooding.

일본 오픈이노베이션 정부정책 및 기업활동과 한국에 대한 시사점

Purpose: The purposes of this research are to review Japanese government policies and business activities as to open innovation and to suggest implications for Korean government and firms.
 Research design, data, and methodology: Previous researches on open innovation in Korea were reviewed and the contribution of this research was discussed. Then, an analytical framework based on national innovation system was developed for this research. Referring to the framework, this article focused on the role of the Japanese government policies and the activities of Japanese large firms for promoting open innovation in Japanese society.
 Results: With the investigation of Japanese government policies and business activities related to open innovation, this article found the following things. At first, as to the overview of Japanese R&D situation, the R&D expenditure of Japan has stagnated since the global financial crisis and nowadays the R&D expenditure to GDP ratio of Japan is behind those of Korea and the U.S. In addition, the source and expenditure structure of R&D budget in Japan reflects the principle of self-sufficiency (Jimaesyugi) of Japanese firms. From 2000s, Japanese society began to realize environmental changes and the need for open innovation which emphasizes collaboration with outside organizations. Then, the Japanese government tried to develop and execute various policies to accelerate open innovation in Japanese society. In addition, Japanese large firms initiated diverse activities for open innovation, which are shown in the cases of two Japanese firms, Konica Minolta and Denso.
 Implications: This study tried to suggest implications for Korean government and firms, referring to Japanese experiences as to open innovation. As implications to the Korean government, it emphasized the following points: the need for pan-governmental endeavor to boost open innovation, introduction of a tax reduction system accelerating open innovation, implementation of open innovation policies based on the viewpoint of innovation ecosystem, and revitalization of open innovation with information provision and award systems. Implications to Korean firms were also suggested, such as the need for strong attention and effort to open innovation by top management with strategic viewpoint, and establishment of inside organizations specializing in open innovation and active utilization of human resources from outside.

Conservation and development of human resources through the return migration policy

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop the theoretical and methodological foundations for the study of return migration policy based on its information support, including regression analysis and authors’ sociological research on return intentions of Ukrainian migrants.
 Methodology / approach. The mathematical tools were used for the assessment of Ukraine’s economical losses, related to migration. With the help of the sociological method (survey) migrants’ intentions and main motives to return were investigated. Stepwise regression model was built for identification of main factors of Ukrainian population’s international migration. Besides, general scientific methods were used in the study, such as: analysis, generalization, systematization, tabular and graphical.
 Results. Analysis showed the lack of statistical and sociological information on international migration (particularly return migration) of Ukrainian population. It substantiates the need for improving the system of information provision of migration policy. The results of the survey of the migrants from the Carpathian region of Ukraine (conducted in 2020) show low level of their readiness to return. According to the answers to the questionnaire, there are two main circumstances that could motivate migrants to return: high level of wages and general improving of economic situation in Ukraine. Due to the regression model it was found that the emigration of the population is influenced by the following factors: average monthly wages, gross regional product per capita, foreign direct investment per economically active person and the share of the population with incomes below the subsistence level. The article provides main benefits and ways of implementation of the return migration policy. Particularly, circular migration is considered as a good way to slow down losses of human resources. It is beneficial for all institutional units of the migration process.
 Originality / scientific novelty. The methodology for the consequences of international migration study is improved. In particular, the formula for determination of migration losses through the calculation of economic activity losses is proposed and calculated for the first time. The theoretical foundation of return migration policy is developed. In particular, the model of return migration process on the individual level is elaborated. The sociological tool for the return migration investigation is developed and tested.
 Practical value / implications. The practical recommendations for the human resources conservation are worked out. The questions for the survey, developed by the authors, could be used in further investigations in this issue. The model of return migration process is useful for developing a comprehensive return migration policy, which could support migrants at all stages of this process: decisions making, movement and reintegration.

Conservation and development of human resources through the return migration policy

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop the theoretical and methodological foundations for the study of return migration policy based on its information support, including regression analysis and authors’ sociological research on return intentions of Ukrainian migrants.
 Methodology / approach. The mathematical tools were used for the assessment of Ukraine’s economical losses, related to migration. With the help of the sociological method (survey) migrants’ intentions and main motives to return were investigated. Stepwise regression model was built for identification of main factors of Ukrainian population’s international migration. Besides, general scientific methods were used in the study, such as: analysis, generalization, systematization, tabular and graphical.
 Results. Analysis showed the lack of statistical and sociological information on international migration (particularly return migration) of Ukrainian population. It substantiates the need for improving the system of information provision of migration policy. The results of the survey of the migrants from the Carpathian region of Ukraine (conducted in 2020) show low level of their readiness to return. According to the answers to the questionnaire, there are two main circumstances that could motivate migrants to return: high level of wages and general improving of economic situation in Ukraine. Due to the regression model it was found that the emigration of the population is influenced by the following factors: average monthly wages, gross regional product per capita, foreign direct investment per economically active person and the share of the population with incomes below the subsistence level. The article provides main benefits and ways of implementation of the return migration policy. Particularly, circular migration is considered as a good way to slow down losses of human resources. It is beneficial for all institutional units of the migration process.
 Originality / scientific novelty. The methodology for the consequences of international migration study is improved. In particular, the formula for determination of migration losses through the calculation of economic activity losses is proposed and calculated for the first time. The theoretical foundation of return migration policy is developed. In particular, the model of return migration process on the individual level is elaborated. The sociological tool for the return migration investigation is developed and tested.
 Practical value / implications. The practical recommendations for the human resources conservation are worked out. The questions for the survey, developed by the authors, could be used in further investigations in this issue. The model of return migration process is useful for developing a comprehensive return migration policy, which could support migrants at all stages of this process: decisions making, movement and reintegration.

Special Issue on Future Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) for Tomorrow and Beyond

Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has evolved into a system for provision of traffic information and traffic control with the help of advanced IT technologies [...]

Information Provision and Monitoring System in Road Tunnels

Information Provision and Monitoring System in Road Tunnels

Verification of Merging Support Information Provision System (DAY1 System) through Field Operational Test in the Tokyo Waterfront Area

Verification of Merging Support Information Provision System (DAY1 System) through Field Operational Test in the Tokyo Waterfront Area

Effect Analysis of Merging Support Information Provision System by Traffic Simulation

Effect Analysis of Merging Support Information Provision System by Traffic Simulation