Routes Of Information Processing Research Articles

Modeling the Effects of Streamer Characteristics and Platform Affordances in Livestreaming E-Commerce: A Mixed-Methods Approach

While livestreaming e-commerce is drawing increasing attention from advertisers, insights into the effects of streamer characteristics and platform affordances are discrete. This research adopts a sequential mixed-methods design that combines in-depth one-on-one interviews and a cross-sectional survey to (1) qualitatively map out crucial streamer characteristics and platform affordances from the perspectives of consumers and (2) delineate the underlying mechanisms through which these factors enable online purchases. In Study 1, guided by the frameworks of source credibility, personality, and the MAIN (modality, agency, interactivity, and navigability) model of affordances, we extracted five streamer characteristics (expertise, trustworthiness, attractiveness, sincerity, and excitement) and four affordances of livestreaming e-commerce platforms (synchronicity, network association, metavoicing, and searchability) that facilitate online purchases. In Study 2, drawing on dual processing theory, we exemplified two information-processing routes (i.e., experiential route and rational route) and identified perceived pleasure and product trust as parallel mechanisms predicting purchases. Results revealed that a steamer’s attractiveness, sincerity, and excitement, as well as a platform’s searchability affordance, significantly facilitate purchase intentions via perceived pleasure. Meanwhile, a streamer’s expertise, trustworthiness, and sincerity, as well as a platform’s network association and metavoicing affordance, significantly shape purchase intentions via product trust.

An Eco-Label Can Matter More Than Buying Green: An Experiment on Consumers' Recycling Behaviour After Tasting Eco-Labeled Coffee

An experiment was conducted to test whether a coffee package bearing a Rainforest Alliance Certified (RAC) label triggered affective responses favoring the coffee and further influenced the pro-environmental behaviour of participant consumers in convenience stores. One group of customers viewed an RAC-labeled package and tasted the coffee while the other group viewed a non-labeled package and tasted the coffee. Both groups filled out a questionnaire collecting Likert-type scale data on their affective responses to, perceived flavors of, and willingness to pay for the coffee during the tasting and viewing. Whether they disposed of the paper cup for the trial taste in a recycling box or a trash box was observed. A logit model was employed to estimate the probabilities of their recycling the cup over discarding the cup. Results revealed that more positive feelings were expressed and recycling behaviour was increased among customers exposed to the package with an RAC label, although the two groups did not differ significantly in their perceived flavors and willingness to pay. It was estimated that the probability of the RAC-labeled group to recycle the paper cup was 2.89 times higher than that of the non-labeled group. Based on the theory of central and peripheral routes of information processing, the mechanisms of the behavioural influence of the label are discussed with a few possible factors such as involvement and self-identity. This study contributes to the advancement of eco-label research by shifting the focus to the non-purchasing behavioral effects of eco-labels on consumers and observing the behaviors in real, rather than laboratory, settings. It might also inform the promotion of sustainable consumption of the merits of employing experiential marketing.

Efektivitas Iklan Layanan Masyarakat PSBB Terhadap Niat Melakukan Social Distancing di Masa Pandemi Covid 19

This research describes how Advertising Response Modelling (ARM) provides a framework to measure advertising performance by integrating several multiple measures used in copy research. The author reports the study examining how social distancing policy advertising can effect of three variables: attitude toward ads, attitude toward brand, and social distancing intention. The aims of this research were to measure the influence of cognitive response and attitude toward social distancing intention in advertising and to analyze consumer’s information processing route of an ad. Survey design research was prepared in this study. The participants in this research are consumers who social distancing intention. There are 138 participants in this research. Those participants were exposed an advertisement of social distancing policy. Then, those participants filled out the self-administered and the structure questionaire. By using ARM and One way ANOVA analysis, this research shows that advertising has influenced positively thparticipants. However, there are not significantly diffrerent between men and women participants to response the advertising.

A good dentist or not: understanding the role of storytelling in online dentist reviews

PurposeNarrative comments about dentists on physician review sites have been documented to increasingly influence people's selection of their dentists. From a communication standpoint, these comments are a type of narrative communication that people share their experiences with dentists by telling stories. Based on the frameworks of rhetoric structure theory and extended elaborated likelihood model, this study aimed to examine the effects of such storytelling from two perspectives including narrative structure and narrative focus.Design/methodology/approachA 4 (narrative structure) × 2 (narrative focus) between-subjects experiment was conducted to examine the proposed hypotheses and research questionsFindingsThe results showed that a one-sided comprehensive comment focusing on technical competence generated the strongest persuasion effects measured by attitude and behavioral intention. These effects were mediated by perceived narrative credibility and enjoyment.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the extant literature in two ways. First, it extends previous studies of online narrative comments by showing which narrative structure and focus are deemed to be more persuasive when selecting a dentist. Second, it offers a test of two routes of information processing (i.e. cognitive and experiential) to understand the mechanism underlying the effects of narrative comments.Peer reviewThe peer-review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-08-2020-0359

Beyond pairwise network similarity: exploring mediation and suppression between networks

Network similarity measures quantify how and when two networks are symmetrically related, including measures of statistical association such as pairwise distance or other correlation measures between networks or between the layers of a multiplex network, but neither can directly unveil whether there are hidden confounding network factors nor can they estimate when such correlation is underpinned by a causal relation. In this work we extend this pairwise conceptual framework to triplets of networks and quantify how and when a network is related to a second network (of the same number of nodes) directly or via the indirect mediation or interaction with a third network. Accordingly, we develop a simple and intuitive set-theoretic approach to quantify mediation and suppression between networks. We validate our theory with synthetic models and further apply it to triplets (multiplex) of real-world networks, unveiling mediation and suppression effects which emerge when considering different modes of interaction in online social networks and different routes of information processing in the nervous system.

Spin-polarized plasmon in ferromagnetic metals

We exploit the spinor Boltzmann equation associated with Poisson equation to study the excitation of plasmons induced by electron–electron interactions in a ferromagnetic metal. Besides the collective excitation of spin-polarized charge density, we demonstrate the decoherence of such spin-polarized plasmons. By applying a rotating resonant magnetic field to the system, we obtain the long-lived coherent superposition state of spin-up and spin-down electrons, which can be used to construct qubits. We also investigate the interference of several spin-polarized plasmons controlled by their corresponding rotating magnetic fields, and find the entanglement between qubits. Our results show that a new quantum information processing route based on spin-polarized plasmons may be feasible.

A Causal Configuration Analysis of Payment Decision Drivers in Paid Q&A

Abstract Purpose This paper examines factors of payment decision as well as the role each factor plays in casual configurations leading to high payment intention under systematic and heuristic information processing routes. Design/methodology/approach Based on heuristic-systematic model (HSM), we propose a configurational analytic framework to investigate complex casual relationships between influencing factors and payment decision. In line with this approach, we use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to analyze data crawled from Zhihu.com. Findings The number of previous consultations is a necessary element in all five equivalent configurations which lead to high intention in payment decision. The heuristic processing route plays a core role while the systematic processing route plays a peripheral role in payment decision-making process. Research limitations Research is limited in that moderating effect of professional fields has not been considered in the framework. Practical implications Configurations in results can assist managers of knowledge communities and paid Q&A service providers in the management of information elements to motivate more payment decision. Originality/value This paper is one of the few studies to apply HSM theory and fsQCA method with respect to the payment decision in paid Q&A.

What drives the helpfulness of online reviews? A deep learning study of sentiment analysis, pictorial content and reviewer expertise for mature destinations

Tourist destinations are increasingly affected by travel-related information shared through social media. Drawing on dual-process theories on how individuals process information, this study examines the role of central and peripheral information processing routes in the formation of consumers' perceptions of the helpfulness of online reviews of mature destinations. We carried out a two-step process to address the perceived helpfulness of user-generated content, a sentiment analysis using advanced machine-learning techniques (deep learning), and a regression analysis. The database was 2023 comments posted on TripAdvisor about two iconic Venetian cultural attractions, St. Mark's Square (an open, free attraction) and the Doge's Palace (which charges an entry fee). Using deep-learning techniques, with logistic regression, we first identified which factors influenced whether a review received a “helpful” vote. Second, we selected those reviews which received at least one helpful vote to identify, through linear regression, the significant determinants of TripAdvisor users' voting behaviour. The results showed that reviewer expertise is influential in both free and paid-for attractions, although the impact of central cues (sentiment polarity, subjectivity, pictorial content) differs for both attractions. Our study suggests that managers should look beyond individual ratings and focus on the sentiment analysis of online reviews, which are shown to be based on the nature of the attraction (free vs. paid-for).

Retailers, You Can Get Omni-Shopper's Satisfaction!

This paper evaluates the influence that information processing routes have on omni-shopping behavior, as well as analyzing the consequences of this behavior for retailers through a cognitive-affective approach. A sample of 705 mobile phone users was used for this purpose. The results obtained using the binomial logit model in a first phase and later with an application of structural equations, reflect that omni-shoppers have a more planned purchasing behavior than those who develop a one-stop shopping behavior. They search for information in a rational and deep way, spending time and effort. As for the consequences that the omni-channel behavior has for retailers, it has been found that those omni-shoppers who experience negative emotions with the retailer, have a low perceived value of the company and their satisfaction will also be negative.

Word‐of‐mouth information processing routes: The mediating role of message and source characteristics

AbstractThis study investigates word‐of‐mouth (WOM) information processing routes from active WOM seeking behaviour. Employing the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), the direct and indirect effects of factors within information processing routes are examined in a credence service context. A deeper exploration of the causal chains of each route was conducted using serial mediation models of message quality and source characteristics. Data were collected in the higher education context from a survey of 509 high school students applying for tertiary study. Findings indicate that active WOM seeking and the serial mediation effects elicit two routes of information processing: central and peripheral. This study is amongst the first to intensively reveal the underlying causal chains of WOM processing and supports the application of ELM theory in WOM research.

Attitudes Toward Health Care Virtual Communities of Practice: Survey Among Health Care Workers.

BackgroundVirtual communities of practice (VCoPs) have been shown to be an effective means for knowledge and research uptake, but little is known about why health care workers choose to use them. The elaboration likelihood model (ELM) is a theoretical model of persuasion that distinguishes between different routes of information processing that influence attitude formation and change. To date, no research has investigated the antecedents to these processing routes for VCoPs within a health care setting. In understanding these determinants, VCoPs can be appropriately designed to increase their chances of use and value among health care professionals.ObjectiveOur aim is to explore how motivation and ability affect attitudes toward using VCoPs for those working in health care.MethodsData were collected from 86 health care workers using an online survey at two Canadian health care conferences. Participants were shown a mock VCoP and asked about their perceptions of the online platform and related technologies. The survey instrument was developed based on previously validated scales to measure participants’ ability and motivation toward using a VCoP. Attitudes were assessed both at the beginning and end of the study; intention to use the platform was assessed at the end.ResultsAbility (expertise with CoPs and VCoPs) was found to directly affect intention to use the system (P<.001 and P=.009, respectively) as was motivation (P<.001). Argument quality had the greatest effect on formed attitudes toward VCoPs, regardless of the user’s level of experience (lower expertise: P=.04; higher expertise: P=.003). Those with higher levels of CoPs expertise were also influenced by peripheral cues of source credibility (P=.005 for attitude formation and intention to use the system) and connectedness (P=.04 for attitude formation; P=.008 for intention to use the system), whereas those with lower levels of CoP expertise were not (P>.05). A significant correlation between formed attitude and intention to use the VCoPs system was found for those with higher levels of expertise (P<.001).ConclusionsThis research found that both user ability and motivation play an important and positive role in the attitude toward and adoption of health care VCoPs. Unlike previous ELM research, evidence-based arguments were found to be an effective messaging tactic for improving attitudes toward VCoPs for health care professionals with both high and low levels of expertise. Understanding these factors that influence the attitudes of VCoPs can provide insight into how to best design and position such systems to encourage their effective use among health care professionals.

Informational or emotional appeals in crowdfunding message strategy: an empirical investigation of backers’ support decisions

Different types of crowdfunding backers adopt various social and economic roles, beyond just financial support. Yet the most appropriate message strategy for attracting these different types of backers remains unclear. To fill this gap, using insights into advertising appeals and the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), we propose a conceptual framework reflecting how the emphasis of the appeals in a crowdfunding message might influence support decisions by two types of backers: consumers and investors. Objective data from a crowdfunding website reveal that appeals that emphasize information (emotion) exert more positive persuasive effects on consumer (investment) backers than on investment (consumer) backers. When devising the appeal emphasis, entrepreneurs thus must make a trade-off while also considering contingent factors such as decision control, social orientation, and reward tangibility. The practical implications of these findings suggest that entrepreneurs should activate backers’ information processing routes differentially, using distinct appeal emphases, rather than relying on an undifferentiated message strategy.

Determinants of users’ information dissemination behavior on social networking sites

PurposeAs a new communication paradigm, social networking sites (SNS) have boosted information diffusion and viral marketing. Prior researchers have identified various factors affecting information dissemination on SNS. However, they often focus on limited factors and there is a lack of an integrated theoretical framework that explains aspects of relevant factors. Besides, the research on the impacts of relationships on individual retweeting behavior is still controversial. The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical framework to systematically investigate the determinants of individual dissemination behavior on SNS based on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM). Moreover, the authors also examine the relative importance of those relevant factors.Design/methodology/approachThe authors randomly selected 1,250 members of Twitter and crawled posts published by each member since he/she created the Twitter account using Twitter API. The authors processed the data to create panel data and tested hypotheses with the panel logit model.FindingsFactors both on the central route and on the peripheral route of ELM have positive impacts on individual dissemination behavior. Among them, information receiver-related factor and relationships-related factors are the most influential. Contrastingly, source-related factors are the least influential. Furthermore, the authors find that social tie strength mediates almost 50 percent of the effect of value homophily on individual dissemination behavior.Originality/valueThe authors are the first to directly apply ELM to examine individual dissemination behavior on SNS. By integrating factors into the two information processing routes, They incorporate relevant factors into the model and systematically analyze their impacts on individual retweeting behavior on SNS. The research offers at least one explanation for the contradictory findings about the effect of homophily on individual sharing behavior in previous research. The authors propose new variables that gauge topical relevance and interpersonal value homophily on SNS.

Different Strokes for Different Teams: The Contingent Effects of Positive and Negative Feedback on the Creativity of Informationally Homogeneous and Diverse Teams

Feedback is a ubiquitous management tool. Employing this tool to meet the new challenge of enhancing team creativity, raises the important question of whether positive or negative feedback is more effective. Unfortunately prior research on feedback valence and creativity is limited to the individual level, neglecting team creativity’s interdependent and knowledge-intensive nature. We address this issue and advance the team information processing perspective on team creativity by integrating two heretofore separate research streams to develop a team-specific model about how negative and positive feedback enhance creativity via two alternative information processing routes, contingent on teams’ informational diversity. Negative feedback fuels teams’ systematic effort and attention to external, novel information. In informationally diverse teams, in which members hold different information and perspectives, these efforts promote team creativity through information elaboration. Conversely, positive feedback propels members to flexibly use their information and contribute the resultant divergent insights to the team. In informationally homogeneous teams, where these insights relate to others’ information and perspectives, these divergent insights trigger teams’ generative processing and in turn creativity. Results from a team experiment support the predicted feedback valence by informational diversity interaction on team creativity through elaboration and generative processing.

What Makes You So Sure? Dogmatism, Fundamentalism, Analytic Thinking, Perspective Taking and Moral Concern in the Religious and Nonreligious.

Better understanding the psychological factors related to certainty in one's beliefs (i.e., dogmatism) has important consequences for both individuals and social groups. Generally, beliefs can find support from at least two different routes of information processing: social/moral considerations or analytic/empirical reasoning. Here, we investigate how these two psychological constructs relate to dogmatism in two groups of individuals who preferentially draw on the former or latter sort of information when forming beliefs about the world-religious and nonreligious individuals. Across two studies and their pooled analysis, we provide evidence that although dogmatism is negatively related to analytic reasoning in both groups of individuals, it shares a divergent relationship with measures of moral concern depending on whether one identifies as religious or not. Study 1 showed that increasing levels of dogmatism were positively related to prosocial intentions among the religious and negatively related to empathic concern among the nonreligious. Study 2 replicated and extended these results by showing that perspective taking is negatively related to dogmatism in both groups, an effect which is particularly robust among the nonreligious. Study 2 also showed that religious fundamentalism was positively related to measures of moral concern among the religious. Because the current studies used a content-neutral measure to assess dogmatic certainty in one's beliefs, they have the potential to inform practices for most effectively communicating with and persuading religious and nonreligious individuals to change maladaptive behavior, even when the mode of discourse is unrelated to religious belief.

Development of application-based mobile-service trust and online trust transfer: an elaboration likelihood model perspective

ABSTRACTMany firms are developing application-based mobile services (ABMS) as a complementary channel to their online service. Although perceptions of the ABMS determine trust in the ABMS, trust transfer from the online channel plays a role in the formation of ABMS trust. Applying the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) to the study, two objectives were pursued: (1) to investigate the role different influence processes play in the formation of ABMS trust and (2) to assess whether the effects of these influences vary across users, and if so, how. Data collected from 344 users of the online services of a price-comparison service also offering an ABMS were analysed. Based on the ELM, central and peripheral routes of information processing were identified in the formation of ABMS trust. The central routes of information processing that play a role are the influence of online-service trust and ABMS perceived usefulness on ABMS trust, while the influence of ABMS perceived ease-of-use on ABMS trust emerged as a peripheral cue. Furthermore, online-service trust is also a peripheral cue for ABMS perceived ease-of-use. Other theoretical contributions offered by this study are findings that show that ABMS self-efficacy and online-service use influence information processing, but use different ELM routes.

How service values influence the processing of word-of-mouth in the evaluation of credence beliefs

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of service values on the processing of word-of-mouth (WOM) information, and their impact on a complex belief in a high-involvement service context. Hypotheses are tested on survey data collected from 378 respondents facing a high-involvement service choice. The results suggest that two distinct information processing routes are active when consumers (here prospective students) evaluate complex beliefs. Furthermore, service values have distinct effects on the processing of WOM information. Self-oriented values foster more cognitive processing, whereas socially oriented values have the opposite effect. Considering the reasons as to why a service is needed (service values) should be a focus for marketers since they can be a powerful persuasion approach affecting the processing of WOM. This study contributes to earlier research on higher education marketing by incorporating service values into the pre-purchase phase of prospective students’ decision-making.

Trust in User-Generated Information on Social Media during Crises : An Elaboration Likelihood Perspective

Social media is increasingly being used as a source of information during crises, such as natural disasters and civil unrests. However, the quality and truthfulness of user-generated information on social media have been a cause of concern. Many users find distinguishing between true and false information on social media difficult. Basing on the elaboration likelihood model and the motivation, opportunity, and ability framework, this study proposes and empirically tests a model that identifies the information processing routes through which users develop trust, as well as the factors that influence the use of these routes. The findings from a survey of Twitter users seeking information about the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear crisis indicate that individuals evaluate information quality more when the crisis information has strong personal relevance or when individuals have low anxiety about the crisis. By contrast, they rely on majority influence more when the crisis information has less personal relevance or when these individuals have high anxiety about the crisis. Prior knowledge does not have significant moderating effects on the use of information quality and majority influence in forming trust. This study extends the theorization of trust in user-generated information by focusing on the process through which users form trust. The findings also highlight the need to alleviate anxiety and manage non-victims in controlling the spread of false information on social media during crises.

Exploring the role of health literacy on attention to and recall of text-illustrated health information: An eye-tracking study

Although the use of illustrations is often recommended for audiences with limited health literacy, it is unclear how health literacy impacts the use of different online formats. The aim of this paper is therefore to investigate how health literacy influences attention to text and illustrations in online health information, and whether such attention is related to recall of information. Sixty-one participants were exposed to either text-only or text-illustrated information. Using eye tracking, we recorded attention patterns on a health webpage after which recall of information was assessed. Results showed that health literacy influenced the attention–recall relationship. For people with limited health literacy, attention to the illustrations was positively related to recall, whereas attention to the text improved recall of information in the adequate health literate group. As attention to different parts of online health information leads to different information processing routes for people with different levels of health literacy, effective health communication should consider both text and illustrations that attract attention and improve understanding of the health message.

How to persuade adolescents to use nutrition labels: effects of health consciousness, argument quality, and source credibility

This study tested the utility of the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) in creating effective public service announcements (PSAs) of nutrition label use. Students (N = 169) from a secondary school in Hong Kong participated in a 2 × 2 × 3 (health consciousness: high vs. low × argument: informational vs. testimonial × source: expert vs. celebrity vs. ordinary person) factorial design experiment. Hypotheses were partially supported. Main effect was located for health consciousness. Adolescents with high health consciousness were more persuaded by the PSAs. There was an interaction effect between health consciousness and source. A dietitian as the source was most persuasive to people with high health consciousness, while low health conscious people were most influenced by a celebrity. The information processing route was biased by the match of argument and source. Informative argument made by an ordinary person was more likely to motivate adolescents to use nutrition label, while testimonial argument made by a celebrity was the most effective. The findings are discussed in light of ELM hypotheses. Recommendations are also offered for public health communication campaigns.