Information Outlets Research Articles

Determinants of smallholder farmers' choices of agricultural information sources and outlets: Evidence from East Gojjam zone, Amhara, Ethiopia

This investigation examines the various factors that impact the decision-making process of small-scale farmers in utilizing agricultural information outlets within the designated research area. A total of 403 farmers was surveyed, and the obtained data were meticulously analyzed through the implementation of a multivariate probit model. The model's analysis reveals a significant and positive correlation between farm size, membership status, credit accessibility, market proximity, extension services, total income, and willingness to share information in relation to the farmers' preference for electronic information channels. Moreover, the projected Most Valuable Player for the selection of printed outlets is favorably influenced by the level of education, farm size, total income and membership status. Conversely, frequency of market visits and proximity to development centers all adversely impact the preference for electronic outlets. Furthermore, membership status exerts a beneficial influence on the choices pertaining to outlets centered around human interaction, while family size has a detrimental effect on such choices. In addition, membership status, total income, distance to market, and extension services all exert positive influences on the selection of outlets associated with organizational entities, whereas marital status and educational attainment levels exert negative influences. Consequently, if farmers are provided with access to multiple information outlets, they are able to selectively choose the most advantageous combination of information sources to optimize their agricultural outputs. It is therefore recommended that equitable access to information outlet choices be enhanced in potential production sites, as well as in the development of rural-urban infrastructure.

Reliance on sources of immunization information and vaccine uptake among older adults in a rural state: The mediating role of trust

Older adults are more vulnerable to the negative impacts of infectious diseases than younger individuals. However, regardless of the importance and effectiveness of vaccines to reduce morbidity and mortality, issues remain with vaccine hesitancy among this population. Older adults’ sources of immunization information and their level of trust in those sources may play a role in their vaccination behaviors. This research aimed to better understand the role of information sources and related issues of trust as related to vaccine uptake among older adults. A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 901 older adults in North Dakota in May-July 2022. Measures included extent of reliance on specific sources of immunization information, levels of trust, and uptake for influenza, pneumonia, shingles, and COVID-19 vaccinations. Immunization information sources were grouped into medical experts, informal, and public outlets. Results indicated older adults were more likely to rely on medical experts than informal sources or public outlets for immunization information. Greater reliance on medical experts was associated with a greater likelihood of vaccine uptake for all vaccines, while reliance on public outlets was associated with a greater likelihood of vaccine uptake only for COVID primary series and boosters. Reliance on informal sources for immunization information was associated with a reduced likelihood of vaccine uptake for all vaccines except shingles. Nearly half of respondents were uncertain who to trust for vaccine information. Uncertainty who to trust for immunization information significantly mediated the associations between reliance on medical experts and uptake for most vaccines indicating that trust in medical experts fosters vaccine uptake. Increasing reliance on medical experts as sources of immunization information is vital to increasing vaccine uptake among older adults. Additionally, this population must be assisted in increasing their ability to successfully assess the trustworthiness of immunization information sources.

Between Disinterest and Enthusiasm? Promotion of the Atlantic Cause in Norway in the 1950s

When NATO’s Information Service (NATIS) was established in 1950, campaigns in Norway to increase public support for the alliance were intensified. Domestic and foreign Government agencies, and other actors that were already active in this field, were supplemented by voluntary organisations working to promote the Atlantic cause. These organisations gradually became the main outlets for information on NATO in the country and cooperated closely with the Government, NATIS and the information services of allied countries. This article analyses the means and methods used to bolster Norwegian public support for transatlantic security cooperation, and for the political and ideological values this cooperation was based on. Norwegian attitudes to NATO were relatively positive from the outset, but expressions of neutralism and a relative lack of interest in foreign and security policies in parts of the population caused concern. Gradually, Atlanticism became the dominant position in Norwegian public opinion. The activities and campaigns analysed here were among the reasons for this. The article also argues that the scrutiny of formal and informal structures relevant for pro-Atlantic information increases our understanding of this subject and illustrates that even if information on NATO’s significance was left to each member country, NATIS had a role to play.

CONNECTING THE HEALTH CARE WORKFORCE THROUGH A VIRTUAL LEARNING COMMUNITY

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for online and virtual educational opportunities and resources. While many healthcare organizations, hospitals and academic medical institutions were forced to quickly pivot from face-to-face training modalities, the Virtual Learning Community (VLC) of the Geriatric Scholars Program, was ahead of the curve. Established in 2014 by the VA Geriatric Scholars Program and the VHA’s Office of Rural Health, the VLC is the primary outlet for information on geriatrics and gerontology for healthcare professionals and staff. The VLC provides webinars, discussion forums, case studies, continuing education accredited programs, and resource materials on a myriad of topics related to aging. During the pandemic, the VLC provided up-to-date information on COVID and continued to augment its virtual offerings, which was vital to providers and staff working remotely. The VLC currently has approximately 5,000 registered users, with 1700 users registering since the pandemic began in March 2020. Many of these users come from rural and highly rural areas, where there is often a lack of geriatric knowledge and expertise. The presentation will present findings about the connections and impact made possible by a pre-existing web-based virtual learning community.

How Do Religious “Ask the Expert Sites” Shape Online Religious Authorities? From Clerics to Online Influencers

Over the past two decades, religious websites have gained immense popularity and have become dynamic platforms for sparking discourse, practice, and modes of leadership. The internet has allowed religious leaders to reach more believers than ever before and compete for online followership. How do religious leaders negotiate their authority through online information outlets? This study explores religious “Ask the Rabbi” websites specializing in religious Jewish knowledge. The corpus is composed of 50,799 Q&A public messages between rabbis and laypeople, asked and posted from 2005 to 2019. The findings point to a shift in the authority of religious Q&A websites from the initial authority endowed to the websites through the institutionally well-known rabbis who participated on the platform. Over time, however, these websites became public spheres of learning where little-known rabbis could establish their popularity. Textual analysis revealed that the writing style evolved from short answers with few cited sources to richly sourced essays. This may suggest that online religious Q&As have shifted from being viewed as a way to contact well-known rabbis to a legitimate forum for religious discourse and selecting spiritual guidance. The discussion centers on this socio-religious change in the information age where clerics harness the web to hone their craft, recruit their flock, and ultimately, constitute their authority.

Implementing a Grandfamily Intervention During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Responses and Adaptations

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic complicated efforts to deliver interventions to marginalized populations at risk of contracting COVID-19. Grandfamilies are one such group. GRANDcares Plus (GC+) is an intervention designed to help grandfamilies build resilience. It was scheduled to launch shortly after the COVID-19 pandemic began and consequently was heavily influenced by the pandemic. This paper discusses responses and adaptations made in implementing GC+ during the pandemic. Primary information sources included facilitators, COVID-19 information outlets, grandfamilies, and the project site coordinator. As a result, adaptations were made to facilitator training, CDC guidelines/recommendations were employed, potential participants needs and concerns were considered, and additional strategies were incorporated to support grandfamilies. This knowledge translational article contributes to social work by providing insights into identifying, managing, and responding to unexpected challenges. Given the increasing occurrences of unanticipated crises, it is crucial to develop and maintain effective tools for sustainable deliveries of services during difficult times.

Barriers and Gaps in Effective Health Communication at Both Public Health and Healthcare Delivery Levels During Epidemics and Pandemics; Systematic Review.

To assess gaps and barriers to effective health communication during epidemics, pandemics, and mass health emergencies. A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed (National Library of Medicine, Maryland, USA), SCOPUS (Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands), Cochrane (Cochrane, London, UK), and grey literature between 2000 to 2020. 16043 of 16535 identified citations were eliminated through title/ abstracts screening, 437 through full-text review and 55 articles were assessed qualitatively. Key barriers to effective health communication included misinformation, distrust, limited collaboration, and messaging inconsistency. Lack of information/ research was not the primary challenge. Major gaps were in mass and social media strategies, characteristics of messages, sociocultural contexts, digital communication, rapid response, providers' attitude and perception, and information source characteristics. Health messaging should be adaptable to information outlets and tailored for the most vulnerable. Denigration of individuals with inaccurate beliefs increases misinformation and baseline knowledge differences and fears should be addressed without polarization. Involving frontline providers in health communication strategies is crucial. Primary reason for misinformation is the failure of health sector to convincingly convey accurate information. With input from all stakeholders, especially trusted members of communities and providers, health communication should include reinvestment in methods, multidimensional and multidisciplinary approaches, consistent frameworks, improved social media usage, clear, simple, and targeted messaging, and addressing systematic disinformation and misinformation with intention.

Does information source interact with information content and valence in influencing employer attractiveness and job pursuit intention?

PurposeWhile the information source is likely to affect job search process, it is still unknown how the information source interacts with the information content and information valence. In this study, first, the authors examine the influence of information source, information content, and information valence on employer attractiveness and job pursuit intention; and second, the authors estimate the interaction of information source with content and valence of information on employer attractiveness and job pursuit intention.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted a 2 (information source: company-independent vs company-dependent) x 2 (information content: instrumental vs symbolic) x 2 (information valence: positive vs negative) between-subject factorial design to achieve the study’s research objectives, using a sample of 240 job applicants; and applied multivariate analysis of covariance for estimating the main and interaction effects.FindingsThe authors find a significant interaction of information source with the content and valence of information, indicating a differential effect of content and valence, depending on the information source. The study reveals that the effect of information content (i.e. symbolic vs instrumental) on employer attractiveness varies depending on the source of information (i.e. company-independent vs company-dependent), with the company-independent source having a higher effect than the company-dependent source.Practical implicationsConsidering that the information source has a differential effect on job seekers, it would be useful to account for such differences in designing recruitment communications. Results guide managers in deciding the appropriate recruitment information outlet for communicating symbolic and instrumental attributes. The use of symbolic attribute content is recommended for generating favourable evaluations about an employer.Originality/valueThis study is a novel attempt to examine on how information source interacts with information content type and information valence in influencing recruitment outcomes. The authors provide valuable insights to human resource managers or employer brand managers to design effective recruitment communications and leverage the company-independent information sources appropriately.

Environmental information disclosure and public choice decisions for urban river restoration: A comparative study between Brussels (Belgium) and Guangzhou (China)

Worldwide environmental information disclosure (EID) has been widely promoted as a policy approach to establish transparent governments, enhance public environmental awareness, and foster participatory environmental governance. While information disclosure and transparency are inherently incentivised within democratic regimes, how and through what pathways an increased flow of environmental information in the absence of democracy could lead to favourable public support for environmental/ecological projects remain under-investigated. Particularly, there exists very limited literature which compares how EID is associated with public environmental choices between different sociopolitical contexts. Taking Brussels (Belgium) and Guangzhou (China) as a comparative case, this study examines the association between citizens' perceived trustworthiness of various environmental information sources and their choice decisions regarding urban river restoration initiatives in contrasting socialpolitical contexts. Latent class modelling of two paralleled discrete choice experiments unveils a consistent classification of three distinctive groups for each city and also the combined sample, including Enthusiastic Supporters (Class 1, who are cost-insensitive and supportive of all proposed changes), Pragmatic Supporters (Class 2, who are cost-sensitive, prefer some changes they favour), and Non-Supporters (Class 3, who are unwilling to support the proposed initiatives). Incorporating respondents' trustworthiness in information sources as covariates in class membership likelihood function, respondents' membership is found to be associated solely with the most trusted information source, i.e., social contacts in Guangzhou, third parties in Brussels, and social contacts for the whole sample. Holding trust toward the most-trusted information source can increase the probability of being a member of Class 1, otherwise, more likely being a member of Class 3. Taken together with the insignificance of the variable denoting a respondent's city in explaining class membership, this study reveals that the variations in the EID levels (matured vs. emerging) and sociopolitical contexts (democratic vs. non-democratic) cannot significantly shape citizens' environmental decisions. Instead, it is respondents' perceived trustworthiness of information outlets that plays a positive role in their supportive decisions. These analytical results offer new insights about the role of EID in environmental governance and call for instilling institutional trust in China and relational trust in Belgium for facilitating effective communication and pro-environmental behaviours across the whole community.

The power of rank information.

People, organizations, and products are continuously ranked. The explosion of data has made it easy to rank everything, and, increasingly, outlets for information try to reduce information loads by providing rankings. In the present research, we find that rank information exerts a strong effect on decision making over and above the underlying information it summarizes. For example, when multiple options are presented with ratings alone (e.g., "9.7" vs. "9.5") versus with ratings and corresponding ranks (e.g., "9.7" and "1st" vs. "9.5" and "2nd"), the presence of rank information increases preference for the top ranked option. This effect of ranking is found in a variety of contexts, ranging from award decisions in a professional sports league to hiring decisions to consumer choices, and it is independent of other well-known effects (such as the effect of sorting). We find that the influence of ranks is explained by the extent to which decision makers attend to the top ranked option and overlook the other options when they are given rank information. Because they invest a disproportionate amount of attention to the top ranked option when they are given rank information, decision makers tend to learn the strength of the top ranked option, but they fail to process the strengths of the other options. We discuss how rank information may operate as one of the processes by which those at the top of the hierarchy maintain a disproportionate level of popularity in the market. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Exploring construction workers’ brain connectivity during hazard recognition: a cognitive psychology perspective

Monitoring brain activity is a novel development for hazard recognition in the construction industry. However, very few empirical studies have investigated the causal connections within the brain. This study aimed to explore the brain connectivity of construction workers during hazard recognition. Electroencephalogram data were collected from construction workers to perform image-based hazard recognition tasks. The Granger causality-based adaptive directed transfer function was used to simulate directed and time-variant information flow across the observed brain activity from the perspective of cognitive psychology. The results suggested a top-down modulation of behavioral goals originating from the dorsal attention network during hazard relocation. The sensory cortex predominantly serves as the information outlet center and interacts extensively with the frontal and visual cortices, reflecting a top-down attention reorientation mechanism for processing threatening stimuli. Our findings of brain effective connectivity supplement new evidence underpinning parallel distributed processing theory for workplace hazard recognition.

The impact of misinformation on the COVID-19 pandemic.

Since the inception of the current pandemic, COVID-19 related misinformation has played a role in defaulting control of the situation. It has become evident that the internet, social media, and other communication outlets with readily available data have contributed to the dissemination and availability of misleading information. It has perpetuated beliefs that led to vaccine avoidance, mask refusal, and utilization of medications with insignificant scientific data, ultimately contributing to increased morbidity. Undoubtedly, misinformation has become a challenge and a burden to individual health, public health, and governments globally. Our review article aims at providing an overview and summary regarding the role of media, other information outlets, and their impact on the pandemic. The goal of this article is to increase awareness of the negative impact of misinformation on the pandemic. In addition, we discuss a few recommendations that could aid in decreasing this burden, as preventing the conception and dissemination of misinformation is essential.

Data-driven inferences of agency-level risk and response communication on COVID-19 through social media-based interactions.

Risk perception and risk averting behaviors of public agencies in the emergence and spread of COVID-19 can be retrieved through online social media (Twitter), and such interactions can be echoed in other information outlets. This study collected time-sensitive online social media data and analyzed patterns of health risk communication of public health and emergency agencies in the emergence and spread of novel coronavirus using data-driven methods. The major focus is toward understanding how policy-making agencies communicate risk and response information through social media during a pandemic and influence community response-ie, timing of lockdown, timing of reopening, etc.-and disease outbreak indicators-ie, number of confirmed cases and number of deaths. Twitter data of six major public organizations (1,000-4,500 tweets per organization) are collected from February 21, 2020 to June 6, 2020. Several machine learning algorithms, including dynamic topic model and sentiment analysis, are applied over time to identify the topic dynamics over the specific timeline of the pandemic. Organizations emphasized on various topics-eg, importance of wearing face mask, home quarantine, understanding the symptoms, social distancing and contact tracing, emerging community transmission, lack of personal protective equipment, COVID-19 testing and medical supplies, effect of tobacco, pandemic stress management, increasing hospitalization rate, upcoming hurricane season, use of convalescent plasma for COVID-19 treatment, maintaining hygiene, and the role of healthcare podcast in different timeline. The findings can benefit emergency management, policymakers, and public health agencies to identify targeted information dissemination policies for public with diverse needs based on how local, federal, and international agencies reacted to COVID-19.

Investigative journalism and media capture in the digital age

This paper develops a model of investigative journalism and media capture in the market for news with the depreciation of the value of news over time and a limited exclusive supply period of original news due to copying by other media outlets. We make distinctions between traditional media outlets that engage in investigative journalism and fringe digital media that mainly copy and spread original news created elsewhere. We show that the quantity and quality of news with investigative journalism decrease and media capture is more likely as digital technologies induce a lower fixed cost of entry for the fringe firms and a shorter exclusive supply period of news. These results may explain why there is scant evidence for the conventional view that more media outlets lead to higher quality news and less political capture, despite proliferation of news and information outlets in the digital age.

LeadLag LDA: Estimating Topic Specific Leads and Lags of Information Outlets

Identifying which outlet in social media leads the rest in disseminating novel information on specific topics is an interesting challenge for information analysts and social scientists. In this work, we hypothesize that novel ideas are disseminated through the creation and propagation of new or newly emphasized key words, and therefore lead/lag of outlets can be estimated by tracking word usage across these outlets. First, we demonstrate the validaty of our hypothesis by showing that a simple TF-IDF based nearest-neighbors approach can recover generally accepted lead/lag behavior on the outlets pair of ACM journal articles and conference papers. Next, we build a new topic model called LeadLag LDA that estimates the lead/lag of the outlets on specific topics. We validate the topic model using the lead/lag results from the TF-IDF nearest neighbors approach. Finally, we present results from our model on two different outlet pairs of blogs vs. news media and grant proposals vs. research publications that reveal interesting patterns.

Knowledge, attitudes, and impact of COVID-19 pandemic among neurology patients in Jordan: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on health services offered to patients with non-communicable diseases, including chronic neurological illnesses, are diverse and universal. We used a self-reported questionnaire to investigate these impacts on neurology patients in Jordan and assess their knowledge and attitudes towards the pandemic.ResultsMost respondents had positive attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic, with 96% reporting they believed in the seriousness of the pandemic and adhered to prevention measures. Nearly 97% resorted to the internet and media outlets for medical information about the pandemic. About one in five clinic visitors had their appointments delayed due to interruption of health services. A similar portion of patients with MS, epilepsy, and migraine or tension headache reported medication interruptions during the pandemic. One in two patients reported new events or worsening illness since the start of the pandemic, and sleep disturbances were reported by nearly one in three patients who had epilepsy or headache.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic’s impacts on patients with neurological illnesses in Jordan were deep and diverse. Meanwhile, the majority of surveyed neurology patients demonstrated a positive attitude towards the pandemic.

Awareness of Career Prospects in Librarianship and Students’ Preparedness in Library Schools in South-East Nigeria

The paper focused on Awareness of Career Prospects in librarianship and students‟ preparedness in library schools, South- East Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design method was adopted in this study. A total population of 552 respondents covering only final year students of the Library and Information Science Department of library schools in South-East was used for this study, to which 112 were randomly selected. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire and handbook for undergraduate programmes from 2012 to 2019 in each university where Library and Information Science is offered. Findings showed that information networking, software package, and library automation are taught by ESUT, IMSU, NAU, and ABSU only. While literature searching skills is not taught by any of the universities understudied, Introduction to ICT & Internet in Library and information services courses are taught by ESUT, IMSU and NAU. In addition, Electronic publishing and IT tools and computer application are taught only in MOUAU. It was also revealed that students are aware of the following information outlets: libraries, schools, archives, banks, media houses, museums, education and training institutions for information personnel, among others. Results indicated that SIWES and school coursework were the major events put in place in preparing students for a career in librarianship. Recommendations were made based on the findings.
 Keywords: Awareness, Career prospects, Librarianship, Library schools

Psychological Impact, Early Behavioural Response to COVID-19 and Predictors Among Health Science Students in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia

Background: Psychological impact of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a serious mental health problem for everyone, including health science college students who spend most of their times at home due to the closure of colleges. Addressing needs of early behavioral responses to this pandemic virus in the affected community particularly for students are very important. However, In Ethiopia, there is a paucity of evidence on the addressing psychological impact, early behavioral response to COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the status of psychological impact, early behavioral response to COVID-19 and its associated factors among public health science college students, northwest, Amhara national regional State Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was employed among 317 respondents from October 16, 2020 to December 30, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique used to select the students who attending in public health science colleges in Amhara Regional state. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Epi-data version 4.6 and SPSS version 20.0 software were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Binary logistic regressions (Bivariable and multivariable) were performed to identify statistically significant variables. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was used to declare statistically significant variables on the basis of p-value < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression model. Results: The overall status of psychological impact and early behavioral response to the COVID-19 pandemic among participants were 51.4% with 95% CI (46%-57%) and 51.1% with 95% CI (45%-57%) respectively. Age 18-24 years old (AOR: 3.6; (CI: 1.14-11.39)), urban residence (AOR: 0.51; 95% CI: (0.31-0.84)), being male participants (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI95% CI: (1.04-2.84)), participants evolved in Debre Tabor health science college (AOR: 4.25; CI 95% (1.60-7.72)) were significant predictors of psychological impact of COVID-19, whereas being female participants (AOR: 3.4; 95% CI: (1.95-5.14)), and participant had psychological impact ofCOVID-19 (AOR: 1.9; 95% CI: (1.16-2-96)) were significant factors with early behavioral response to COVID-19. Conclusions: The psychological impact of COVID-19 was higher among diploma students and early behavioral responses to prevent COVID-19 were not satisfactory. Hence, it is crucial track to early responses to the COVID-19 preventive measures, through appropriate information outlets, mainstream media, and relying on updating information from TV, radio, and health care workers about COVID-19 provision of behavioral readiness to COVID-19 prevention are very important. The government should implement national programs for school based health and safety, promoting students' psychological well-being.

Social Media Use During COVID-19: Real and Fake News?

The outbreak of COVID-19 led the world into disarray as people were forced to isolate themselves. Being known to be social animals, humans developed a coping mechanism: Increased use of social media as a means to bridge the physical distance. This review article aims to assess the impact, both positive and negative, of increased social media usage on lives. The Pandemic made it clear that whilst social media is an important outlet for information, it is also the culprit since most of the websites spread false/fabricated information to increase their viewership. As a result, it amplified anxiety and depression in people’s lives. Tools to monitor social media information are a necessity to outweigh its drawbacks. This includes filtering misinformation, providing mental health support, and encouraging people to refrain from spreading dubious content that lacks strong evidence.

Adherence towards COVID-19 mitigation measures and its associated factors among Gondar City residents: A community-based cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia.

Considering its pandemicity and absence of effective treatment, authorities across the globe have designed various mitigation strategies to combat the spread of COVID-19. Although adherence towards preventive measures is the only means to tackle the virus, reluctance to do so has been reported to be a major problem everywhere. Thus, this study aimed to assess the community's adherence towards COVID-19 mitigation strategies and its associated factors among Gondar City residents, Northwest Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was employed among 635 respondents from April 20-27, 2020. Cluster sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Epi-Data version 4.6 and STATA version 14 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Binary logistic regressions (Bivariable and multivariable) were performed to identify statistically significant variables. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was used to declare statistically significant variables on the basis of p < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression model. The overall prevalence of good adherence towards COVID-19 mitigation measures was 51.04% (95%CI: 47.11, 54.96). Female respondents [AOR: 2.39; 95%CI (1.66, 3.45)], receiving adequate information about COVID-19 [AOR: 1.58; 95%CI (1.03, 2.43)], and favorable attitude towards COVID-19 preventive measures were significantly associated with good adherence towards COVID-19 mitigation measures. Whereas, those respondents who had high risk perception of COVID-19 were less likely to adhere towards COVID-19 mitigation measures [AOR: 0.61; 95% CI (0.41, 0.92)]. The findings have indicated that nearly half of the study participants had poor adherence towards COVID-19 mitigation measures. Sex, level of information exposure, attitude towards COVID-19 preventive measures, and risk perception of COVID-19 were factors which significantly influenced the adherence of the community towards COVID-19 mitigation measures. Therefore, it is crucial to track adherence responses towards the COVID-19 preventive measures, scale up the community's awareness of COVID-19 prevention and mitigation strategies through appropriate information outlets, mainstream media, and rely on updating information from TV, radio, and health care workers about COVID-19.