Information Communication Industry Research Articles

Развитие науки и технологий: посткризисные оценки

The COVID 19 pandemic, which dragged on for more than two years, led to large-scale shifts in the major sectors of the world economy and affected the S&T sphere. The paper considers the main factors that have influenced innovative development, the choice of S&T priorities by major countries and corporations, as well as the crisis phenomena aggravated in the S&T sphere. It shows the growth of research and development costs in a narrow group of corporations in the biopharmaceutical and information and communication sectors with stagnating costs in other sectors, the large-scale growth of publication activity, the uneven growth of tax incentives from the states, the importance of “open innovations” in modern science. It is noted that the intensity of researches and developments all over the world grew in 2020–2021 even in those companies where the total expenses on science and innovations decreased, thus the consequences of the crisis will be appreciable up to the end of the current decade. Legislative innovations in the technological sphere in the USA were especially noted, comparative estimations with innovative development of China were carried out, and the prospects of technological confrontation between the two countries were outlined. The questions of tax stimulation of innovative activity and ambiguity of definition of expenses on research and development in corporations of information-communication industry were also considered. The trends in the most science-intensive industry, biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, which occupies the first place in the world both in terms of spending on science and innovation, and the number of highly qualified jobs, are considered separately. The processes holding back the industry that could not be overcome during the pandemic are shown. Given the fundamental importance of patenting (a strict intellectual property control regime), initiatives to relinquish some of the rights to medicines (including vaccines) associated with the coronavirus and weaken the intellectual property protection regime in the next decade look unpromising. By the end of 2022, we should expect a decline in investor interest in vaccines and a return to the traditional focus of industry companies on rare diseases and the development of drugs against them.

Does Workfrom Home Increase Employee Job Satisfaction? Evidence from Information Communication Technology Industry in Sri Lanka

The corporate world was undergoing a phase of digital transformation overrecent past years which led to adopt the work from home practice in different industry contexts and this practice had been accelerated due to the COVID-19 outbreak. To obtain the optimum outcome from employees, it is the major responsibility of the organizations to ensure that they are satisfied enough with the new work settings since employee job satisfaction is one of the significant elements of an effective workforce. Therefore,the main objective of this study was to examine the impact of work from home on employee job satisfaction in Information Communication Industry (ICT) industry in Sri Lanka. Using the survey strategy, responses were collected through questionnaires from 384 employees from the ICT industry in Sri Lanka. The findings of this study concluded that there is a positive impact of work from home on employee job satisfaction in the ICT industry in Sri Lanka as work from home gives more freedom, autonomy, and work-life balance. Further, it identified that the ICT organizations in Sri Lanka use a high level of work home practice and their employees’ job satisfaction level is also relatively high. The theoretical contribution of this study is that it extends the employee job satisfaction literature by empirically testing and validating the work from home in a new context. Also, the findings of this research are useful for all the practitioners to increase employee job satisfaction by developing flexible and unique work from home practices. Accordingly, work from home could be used as a strong motivational strategy in the ICT industry as well as in other contexts.

Influence of Substituted Elements on Reflection Loss of Ba-Ferrite Nanoparticle

Abstract Due to the rapid development of the information communication industries, it is expected that next-generation mobile communication devices in the data communication environment will be used at the same time in the L~X band (1–12 GHz). To mutual electric wave interference prevention, research on wave absorbers in L~X band is needed. In this paper, barium ferrite was researched as L~X band wave absorber. The Barium ferrite (BaM, Ba ferrite) substituted by divalent ions (Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+) and tetravalent ion (Ti4+). The substituted Ba ferrite nanoparticles were fabricated by sol-gel process. Lattice parameter, particle size, magnetic properties, and reflection loss were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (X-RD), a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), and a Network Analyzer. Lattice parameter of Ba ferrite was changed 0.0005 to 0.0078 Å in a-b direction, and 0.0187 to 0.0445 Å in c-direction by substituted elements, and it influenced on magnetic anisotropy. In addition, Co-Ti substitution elements influenced that coercive force decrease 5,739 to 2,240 Oe. Moreover, reflection loss frequencies were shifted from 16.3 GHz to 14.4 and 17.4 GHz by substituted elements Co-Ti and Zn-Ti.

DISCRIMINAÇÃO SALARIAL FEMININA E O PRÊMIO SALARIAL DE TI NA INDÚSTRIA DE TECNOLOGIA DA REGIÃO SUL

Este artigo fornece uma análise do perfil de salário, produtividade e gênero da força de trabalho nas indústrias de transformação e de informação e comunicação, nos polos tecnológicos da região sul brasileira. Aos dados da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS), 2011, é aplicada uma metodologia baseada na economia da discriminação e método de decomposição de Oaxaca. Os resultados da análise econométrica sugerem que existe discriminação salarial feminina na indústria enfocada, nos três estados da região, sendo o Rio Grande do Sul o estado com maior desvantagem salarial feminina e o Paraná, com a menor desvantagem. Além disso, o recorte ocupacional, que separa os analistas de TI de um conjunto mais amplo de 726 ocupações, evidencia que a média salarial dos analistas de TI é maior do que a média das demais ocupações, indicando a vantagem salarial da carreira de analista de TI. Também é evidenciado que os empregos de analistas de TI constituem um território predominantemente masculino, uma vez que a participação feminina é de apenas 22%, na média da região sul. Porém, a vantagem salarial dos analistas de TI é maior para as mulheres do que para os homens, o que implica um menor grau de discriminação feminina para as analistas de TI. Esse resultado, encontrado nos três estados da região sul, se alinha à evidência reportada na literatura para os países da OCDE e é inédito em termos da literatura para a economia brasileira.

Planning Sungang-Quingshuihe neighbourhood for a new innovative growth centre of Shenzhen

Shenzhen is one of the most dynamically growing cities in the world with a population of more than 10 million. Situated in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in China it is in the powerhouse of the global economy. Some decades ago Shenzhen was a small fishing village only, however, after its designation as a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) the city has gone through rapid urbanization and industrial development. Therefore, currently, Shenzhen is one of the leading economic hubs of China, an important gateway of the large Chinese economy, and a sub-provincial administrative centre in the PRD. Sungang-Quingshuihe (SQ) is a neighbourhood of 2.5 square kilometres, in Louhu district in the east of Shenzhen. The landscape system of SQ has been largely destroyed and fragmented by developments. Our main goal is to redesign SQ neighbourhood for an innovative growth centre of Shenzhen. We envisage SQ as a liveable area with new and modern functions for international residents who work in higher education, information communication industry, medical services, R&D facilities of multinational corporations, and research-oriented start-up companies. In order to accomplish this vision it is required to design new transportation system, public buildings, housing, green corridors and parklands.

Relationships between Working Hours and Productivity: The Case of Food Services and Information Communication Industries in Hong Kong

This paper aims to study the relationships between working hours and productivity in food services and information communication industries in Hong Kong. Though the discussion on productivities determinants and the analysis of opinions provided by management and the non-management staff members in these two industries, the study concludes with a recommendation on a productivity enhancement scheme. In total, 312 employees responded to the questionnaire, the demographic characteristics of two industries' employees were very similar, but the working information was different due to different workplace requirements. Statistical results revealed that the correlation between duration of working hours and productivity are not statistically significant in these two industries. However, the ideas from the management and the non-management level were different on the correlation between critical factors in these two industries. Moreover, statistical results also indicates that the correlation between working environment and personal health with stress and job satisfaction is positive and statistically significant in the food services industry, while the correlation between the job content and information technology skills is also positive and statistically significant in information communication industry. Management should focus on these critical factors for the improvement and enhancement the productivity of employees, thereby benefitting the organization.

The security service rating design for IT convergence services

There has been damage to users due to security problems such as personal information leaks and spam etc. by IT convergence in various information communication industries. Since where the responsibility for this damage lies, compensation systems and damage estimation criteria have not been prepared yet, its compensation is solved by civil litigation between service providers and users. In addition, for security services provided, the standardized clauses of a contract with consumers are provider-oriented articles to be disadvantageous to service users, and detailed compensation criteria have not been prepared in reality. Therefore, it is time to need to prepare a damage compensation system and an estimation criterion for protecting users against technical and legal troubles that could arise when providing security services. In order to solve these problems, this paper developed a damage compensation index for sustainable security service. In detail, by analyzing damage compensation criteria and cases for general information communication services, a damage compensation index on security services was developed for a goal of VoIP services. It could offer voluntary improvement of service quality for service providers, and simplicity of damage compensation for users. Additionally, it could socially give benefits of increasing the number of companies to apply the security SLA and mitigating legal disputes.

Divergent engagements: roles and strategies of Taiwanese and mainland Chinese returnee entrepreneurs in the IT industry

AbstractProfessionals and entrepreneurs returning to developing countries from developed countries play key roles in the technological ‘catch‐up’ of their home countries, but they are rarely well‐conceptualized by the theories of globalization. This is especially the case in Asia. The American‐trained Chinese engineers who returned to Taiwan were instrumental in creating Taiwan's excellent semiconductor industry during the 1980s and 1990s. In a similar vein, since the late 1990s, Chinese professionals returning to the mainland have also emerged as the most innovative industrial and capital agents in the technological industry. In this article we compare the roles and business strategies of transnational entrepreneurs on the two sides of Taiwan Strait in the information communication industry (ICT). While these Chinese returnees share striking similarities in their educational and personal trajectories, we identify major structural differences underlying their particular resources and commercial strategies. These empirical findings move beyond the assumptions of common behaviour by overseas Chinese, for they highlight the different political economic dynamics between mainland China, Taiwan and the United States in shaping the divergent engagements of these entrepreneurs in the emerging global technology industry.

Construction and View of Chain Integration Key System for Cost Control

The decrease of the total cost from the design to construction and the maintenance control is strongly requested in the construction industry in recent years.Moreover, in accordance with the reformation of the tender and the contract system and internationalization of construction market, it is expected that the decrease of construction cost will become one of most important problems to be solved.On the other hand, progress of information communication industry is marvelous and these information communication technology is indispensable in the construction industry for the efficiency improvement of the production system. This report describes the theory of new cost control (introducion of “construction budget classification code”), paying attention to consistency and sharing of the data, which aims at the decrease of the cost and its systematization and construction as for the cost control in the production system.

International cooperation in information systems and services

AbstractThis article considers information exchange as an essential element in international cooperative arrangements. It examines in some detail the information systems of the United Nations and its specialized agencies and their impact on and contribution to international cooperation. The library, archives, and information programs of Unesco are described. The article considers recent trends observed in the establishment of a global information network, under the auspices of the United Nations, in order to facilitate a more equitable distribution of technological information and promote technical cooperation among developing countries. Certain features of Unesco's regional approach to information network development are reviewed and their advantages are described. The impact, both beneficial and disadvantageous, of information technology on international cooperation in the information area is examined. The special problems faced by developing countries wishing to benefit fully from international (cooperative) information systems are discussed as well as some of the strategies adopted in an effort to find solutions to some of these problems. The authors conclude that in the coming years the transfer of information will have to be considered as a whole encompassing the production, recording, processing, distribution and use of information, the economic aspects of related industries, the sociopolitical and socioeconomic characteristics of the countries participating in a given information system, and the contribution of the information communication industry to the economic development of nations.