Information Architecture Model Research Articles

Fundamentals for formalizing the problem of information analysis architectures of intelligent training systems

Formulation of the problem. An analysis of the construction of information systems was carried out and the requirements for the appearance of intelligent training systems were determined. Model support for the analysis of an intelligent training system (ITS) is based on the use of modeling methods, their integration with existing methods and tools, providing dynamic modeling of the functional and structural properties of its information architecture. Target. To propose a new approach to formalizing the process of developing an ITS information architecture. Results. From the analysis of the content of educational and training tasks, general patterns have been identified that make it possible to apply system-forming principles to represent ITS, which comprehensively characterize the information process of modeling its information architecture based on the functional (F), structural (S) and information (I) aspects . The principles represent hierarchical categories, each of which reflects one of the levels of information interaction of models that make up the functional, structural and information levels of the interprogram interface, taking into account their level-by-level interaction. Each aspect of the consideration of models is characterized by content that generally reflects one of the aspects of the modeling object. In general, the principles reflect the paradigm of three-level information interaction of information objects, which uses for analysis existing approaches to modeling information architecture in the interests of implementing the invariant process of ITS functioning in relation to its pragmatic field. Information interaction between information objects represents the implementation of functional, structural and information relationships between objects and in their structure. Information relations in an ITS are determined by the presence of open ISF interfaces among information objects that form its information structure. The integrated model of these structures is a dynamic model of ITS, since informational and structural properties determine the conditions, and functional properties determine the nature of possible actions. Since the interaction levels are hierarchically coupled, the dynamic ITS model has a hierarchical structure. The implementation of interaction of information objects through ISF interfaces determines the transition of ITS to simulated states. The ITS information architecture model is presented in the form of a modular-cluster network structure. It is based on the principle of stratification of ITS into functional information models that implement the introduced aspects of the analysis of information interaction with grouping into clusters, reflecting the functional and structural properties of its information architecture. Practical significance. The functional and structural properties of the ITS information architecture were formalized on a variety of models (modules), their interfaces and information relationships, ensuring the development of a formal formulation of the problem of analyzing the ITS information architecture.

Penerapan User Centered Design Pada Desain Interaksi dan Arsitektur Informasi Prototype Aplikasi Asisten BasketMu

Coaches have a very important role in the achievements of sports athletes. The coach has the responsibility to organize training methods that suit the athlete's needs and goals. Coaches generally record the performance of team members during training. Recording athlete performance can be used to measure athlete development and improve athlete abilities. Based on the results of interviews and observations with several basketball coaches, they still record on paper forms. The main contribution of this research is to produce an application design that has an information architecture and interaction model to help improve the coach's user experience in recording and monitoring anthropometric developments, physical development, and athlete skill development during training and recording player statistics during matches. Apart from recording the resulting application, it is hoped that it can improve the user experience of coaches and players in analyzing performance data during training and matches. This research uses the User Centered Design method. This research has produced a prototype in high fidelity form. Based on functionality testing using the black box testing method, it shows that the prototype feature can be successful as expected. The User Experience test results show that the average Task Success value from testing the player's user interface is 77%, while the average Task Success value from testing the trainer's user interface is 82%.

Design Recommendation Information Architecture of Hospital Website Using Bottom-Up Approach on Card Sorting Method

<p>One of the public facilities that use websites is the hospital. However, there are some shortcomings complained by users related to the hospital website, which is the lack of information, confusing view of the menu, etc. Therefore, we need the information architecture to manage related content and website structure. The build of information architecture is done by using a bottom-up approach in card sorting. There are five stages in the research, which the first stage is a strategy to equalize the goal in the development of the hospital website either from the point of view of the organization or company and the user's point of view of the hospital website. The second stage is a scope to find out what are the needs of the user in order to build the hospital website. The third stage is structure, which is the formation of the initial structure of information architecture by using a bottom-up approach to the card sorting method. The type of card sorting that is commonly used is the open card sorting. The fourth stage is the skeleton stage, which is used to make information architecture model design using wireframe and prototype. The fifth stage is the test using findability testing and usability testing. From the test, the design of information architecture is made to fulfill the desires and needs of users, as proven by the results of findability testing achieved 15.9 seconds, and the results of usability testing achieved 80.33. Hence, by the results of these tests, it can be concluded that the design of information architecture at the hospital website has a good value from findability testing and usability testing.</p>

Information architecture for the implementation of a technological platform that manages research production in higher education institutions

Scientific communication and diffusion is one of the challenges of higher education institutions, related to the implementation of strategies of free access to the scientific and technological productivity of the teachers and researchers of the institutions, which allow to increase the visibility and impact of the research, for which a model of information architecture of the technological platform for the management of the investigative production of teachers and researchers was designed, under an environment focused on satisfying the information needs of the users that allows to organize, to group and to visualize the information by means of metadata. The research is of exploratory-descriptive type, through which the products of science, technology and innovation that should be visible in the technological platform were identified, generating as a result an architecture model-view-controller, with data storage in a relational database, which has access through a RESTful API made in Java, the views and controllers were made in HyperText markup language and JavaServer pages respectively. MySQL was used as a relational database engine to store information and MYSQL Workbench as a platform for the construction of the relationship model between entities, tables and columns; which will be used as a framework for the design, planning and implementation of the technological platform.

An Information Architecture Framework for the Internet of Things

This paper formalizes an approach to the Internet of Things as a socio-technical system of systems and a part of the infosphere. It introduces a principle-based, human-centered approach to designing Internet of Things artifacts as elements of contextual cross-channel ecosystems. It connects the Internet of Things to the conceptualization of cross-channel ecosystems from current information architecture theory and practice, positing that the Internet of Things is both a formal, objective superset of any given ecosystem and a contextual, subjective subset of specifically instantiated ecosystems. The paper argues for the necessity of a transdisciplinary theoretical framework to promote a human-centered generative understanding of the Internet of Things phenomena and their consequences, in accordance with the Metamodel Methodology (M3). It proposes a phenomenology-grounded information architecture model detailing a set of 16 principles and secondary heuristics grouped according to an architectural perspective, which identifies guidelines that support the design of Internet of Things artifacts considering their objective characteristics; a human perspective, which identifies guidelines that support the design of Internet of Things artifacts considering subject/object relationships and the production of meaning; and a systemic perspective, which identifies guidelines that support the design of Internet of Things artifacts as relational parts of information-based ecosystems. These principles and guidelines are meant to provide the foundations for a practice-based approach to designing the Internet of Things–enabled information ecosystems.

Encontrabilidade da Informação na Câmara dos Deputados

Considerando a complexidade dos ambientes informacionais da atualidade, objetiva-se avaliar a ecologia informacional híbrida e complexa da Câmara dos Deputados quanto à encontrabilidade da informação. Para tanto, procede-se à descrição do ambiente informacional da instituição e sua avaliação por meio da utilização de instrumento de checklist, que considera atributos da Encontrabilidade da Informação e da Arquitetura da Informação Pervasiva. Desse modo, observa-se que a maioria dos atributos está presente na ecologia, porém, não de forma satisfatória, o que permite concluir que há necessidade de melhorias na implementação dos atributos, além de oportunidades de inovações para o alinhamento dessa ecologia com as tendências informacionais atuais.

Designing the information architecture of a complex website: A strategy based on news content and faceted classification

Information architecture (IA) is an essential component of a website, and its design significantly impacts the user experience. Within complex, large-scale organizational settings, the practice of IA must address a number of critical management issues. This paper describes a pilot action research project whose aim was to develop and test a model for designing the IAs of complex institutional websites. The resulting model is based on the strategic use of news content organized in accordance with a faceted classification approach. The model was piloted during the redevelopment of the website of the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), a large Italian healthcare and research organization. Based on the collected data, the proposed IA model was found to effectively manage the website and to greatly reduce the need for structural changes in the 12 months after the intervention. The model also permits the collection of web analytics data that can be useful for web content editors and organization managers. Further research will be needed to validate or improve the model.

Evolution of military information management: The transformation of military organisation often neglects the culture and maturity of its information management

<i>Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has made major advances in linking physical dimension through information to cognitive dimension as described by John Perry et al. (2004) in their model for Information Superiority. The information technology linkage between the physical and cognitive dimensions has created new ways of effect both for the red and blue force.</i><br><br> <i>The paper focuses on the information dimension and searches for better models to describe the structure of blue force information, especially from the Enterprise Architecture (EA) approach. Enterprise Architecture has been developed to better communicate the complex structures of military capabilities. Major EA frameworks (TOGAF, DODAF) recognise the layer of information between business and technology, but in practice, the focus turns more to the technology as has happened in several Command, Control, Communications, Computing, Information, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) and Enterprise Resource Management (ERM) programmes. The paper develops a tool for architects to use in measuring the maturity of information management in the current military organisation and in defining the possible paths of evolution in information management available for the military.</i><br><br> <i>The outcome of this paper is a roadmap picturing the evolution of military information management. Enterprise Architects may use the roadmap in analysing and developing both C4ISR and ERM capabilities in military organisations. The primary research question for this paper is: What may cause so many failures in defining Enterprise Architecture at information management level and then in implementing C4ISR and ERM tools?</i><br><br> <i>The paper first defines six stages for management of unstructured information from various former studies and information architecture models (Cook, 1996). The basic stages of evolution of unstructured information are defined as print, file, page, social media content, semantic content, and intelligent content.<i><br><br> <i>These six stages and a generic military structure are processed through an evolutionary model derived from evolutionary theory for technical development described by Joel Mokyr (1998). The Mokyr model helps to recognise the paths of evolution, the forces that may influence the development and the ways that have been taken in achieving goals.</i><br><br> <i>The outcome is a roadmap that describes the evolution of past and possible future for military information management and explains different drivers and constraints on roads. The roadmap is aligned with other similar roadmap tools Enterprise Architects are using. The roadmap is further tested against experiences gained from several C4ISR and ERM focused military transformations. The overall research approach follows the hypothetico- deductive model (Brody, 1993) and the roadmap part applies the theory of evolution in sociotechnical systems (Bertalanffy, 1969).<i><br><br> <i>Military organisations have followed the general evolutionary path (print – file – page – social media content – semantic – intelligent content) in developing their management of unstructured information. The general path includes two definite leaps that require more effort: 1) from files to pages, and 2) from unstructured content to more structured content. There have also been more discrete shortcuts together with downgrades defined by cultural and doctrinal powers of the force.<i><br><br> <i>Meanwhile, it is possible to accelerate evolution by taking shortcuts. A consistent effort to change technology, processes, and people at the same time is needed when, for example, taking force from publish-pull pages to semantic information management. It might be easier to start with structured information and then, gradually, include unstructured information.</i><br><br> <i>Strong forces may also pull back already achieved development if the change has not been made to stick properly. Losing the thin trust for shared information management early in implementation may prevent individuals from sharing for a long time. Not providing the expected level of availability of the service for the knowledge base may lose the confidence of process owners.</i><br><br> <i>Since information is essential for cognitive level sense making, decision making, and learning, Enterprise Architects should include information maturity in their roadmaps of technical and business process development. The roadmap for military information management is to help analysis of the current situation and provide possible paths towards future stages aligned through business, information, and technical layers.<i><br><br> <i>The research in this paper only covers the approach of evolution. The systems and business strategy approached are studied in other papers. This article does not illustrate the integrated roadmap of business, information, and technology, which can be found in further papers by the writers. The research is based mainly on qualitative data in proving the roadmap. There is room for further assurance when the information sharing cultures of the military are enabling it.</i>

The Architecture Facet of Information Governance: The Case of Urbanized Information Systems

Abstract Nowadays, information is considered as one of the main intangible assets of modern organizations since it plays a critical role in their competitive advantage and survival. In particular, information underpins any decision within organizations at both the daily operational and the tactical and strategic decision levels. As a result, information quality, and security requirements are exacerbated, in order to maximize operational efficiency, and respect the constraints imposed by the ever-changing legal and regulatory environment. However, information is not yet managed with the same rigor or the same means as other organizations resources, including capital and human resources. Information governance has been proposed by many authors as a necessary prerequisite for the establishment of an information valorization process. Many information governance approaches and frameworks have been proposed by academics and practitioners. Nevertheless, outcomes of these solutions are below expectations. This paper has three objectives. First, it proposes a framework which considers information architecture as a driver of information governance. Second, it describes the architecture facet of information governance by presenting an information architecture model. Third, it demonstrates how urbanized information systems take into account the architecture facet of information governance.

Quantitative information architecture, granular computing and rough set models in the double-quantitative approximation space of precision and grade

Because precision and grade act as fundamental quantitative information in approximation space, they are used in relative and absolute quantifications, respectively. At present, the double quantification regarding precision and grade is a novel and valuable subject, but quantitative information fusion has become a key problem. Thus, this paper constructs the double-quantitative approximation space of precision and grade (PG-Approx-Space) and tackles the fusion problem using normal logical operations. It further conducts double-quantification studies on granular computing and rough set models. (1) First, for quantitative information organization and storage, we construct space and plane forms of PG-Approx-Space using the Cartesian product, and for quantitative information extraction and fusion, we establish semantics construction and semantics granules of PG-Approx-Space. (2) Second, by granular computing, we investigate three primary granular issues: quantitative semantics, complete system and optimal calculation. Accordingly, six types of fundamental granules are proposed based on the semantic, microscopic and macroscopic descriptions; their semantics, forms, structures, calculations and relationships are studied, and the granular hierarchical structure is achieved. (3) Finally, we investigate rough set models in PG-Approx-Space. Accordingly, model regions are proposed by developing the classical regions, model expansion is systematically analyzed, some models are constructed as their structures are obtained, and a concrete model is provided. Based on the quantitative information architecture, this paper systematically conducts and investigates double quantification and establishes a fundamental and general exploration framework.

Research on Information Architecture Model in Building of Online Community

With the development of modern information technology and the popularity of the Internet, people's lives, learning, work and exchanges have been profound changes, more and more people use QQ, MSN, E-mail Blog, BBS tool cyber space exchanges and communication, and gradually formed one by one based on individual interests and the common information needs of different network aggregates, that is the online community. The network thus also entered the era of community, online communities are popular, is becoming popular in the online world users to access, an important platform for exchange and dissemination of information. From the micro-, macro-different aspects of a comprehensive analysis of online communities, information on the organization mode, and focus on the individual needs of community members as the starting point, put forward the online community in the personality of the information the organization mode of the build program, improvements to the online community information organization mode and optimization of important reference value.

Study of the Characteristic and Information Architecture Model of Enterprise Web Application

In this paper, we systematically described the characteristics of traditional Web applications, as well as the advantages of Ajax technology, analyzed the differences between enterprise web application and public web application, and the differences between enterprise web applications and desktop applications; studied the characteristics of enterprise Web applications and Information Architecture Model; on the basis of the analysis of enterprise-class framework, proposed functional requirement of components and framework which support enterprise-class Web development, discusses computing balance between the client and server.

Arquitectura de información para sitios de gran porte

We attempt to provide a model of information architecture that serves as a basis for the implementation of web sites of very large and complex organizations that publish a vast and diverse amount of information.

Using a meta-modelling knowledge management layer – a new approach to designing the enterprise information architecture

As managers continue to use varied set of information technologies in this fast moving era of globalisation, electronic commerce, and mobile commerce, organisations should adopt an information technology architecture that manages knowledge and meta-knowledge, and enables decision-makers to use information systems on a business intelligence platform. Thus, there is a need for an integrated, adaptive, flexible enterprise information architecture that enforces knowledge sharing and meta-knowledge management in an organisation. This study proposes an enterprise information architecture model for business and technology framework that includes a meta-knowledge-modelling level to enable knowledge sharing besides data and information sharing through organisational information systems. Further, the model is illustrated through two applications of meta-knowledge management systems through the use of object-oriented paradigm.

Information architecture for digital libraries

This paper surveys information architecture in the context of digital libraries. Key concepts are defined as well as common attributes of information architectures in general. Communications standards — including hybrid TCP/IP-OSI, CORBA, and Web services — are explored, as well as the history of information architecture and related models. A number of digital library projects are analyzed with a focus on their distinct architectures. The key role of information architecture in the design and development of the twenty-first century digital library is detailed throughout.

Understanding through Structure: The Challenges of Information and Navigation Architecture in Cybercartography

The information-rich environments suggested by the concept of cybercartography present new challenges to the design and display of interactive geographically oriented information. These new challenges revolve around two basic issues: information architecture and information navigation models. A variety of information architectures are discussed in this article, along with an analysis of topologies such as the hierarchy (tree), linear sequence, matrix (grid), web-like, or hybrid. A three-tier information architecture model is proposed that varies in information granularity. The high-granularity level includes information units such as maps, articles, images, animations, video clips, and data graphs. The medium-granularity level includes integrated functional information units that are topical, task oriented, audience specific, or a hybrid. At such a level of information units, maps are no longer a stand-alone element. Finally, the low-granularity level includes top-level information architecture linking the various functional units. The advantage of these three granularity levels is that they enable an adaptable information architecture that can accommodate the addition of new content composed of the basic elements. While the way users navigate such an information architecture can be prescribed by the information structure, we demonstrate how navigation schemes can be independent of the information architecture and offer the user a greater diversity of interaction.

A User-Centered Approach to Redesigning a Web-Based Utility: Tide.com's Stain Detective

The purpose of this paper is to present a case study for the review and redesign of Tide.com 's Stain Detective, a web-based utility for assisting users find recommended solutions to difficult laundry stains. The paper describes how user-based feedback and data from message boards was used to identify and validate specific interface challenges and information architecture problems. User-centered methodologies, such as card sorting, were used to identify a new information architecture and conceptual model for the Stain Detective utility. Finally, the approach used for developing an intuitive, user-centered “stain” taxonomy and glossary is described, which permitted the design and incorporation of a simple and effective search utility.

7.6. Implementing An Acquisition Information Systems Architecture

ABSTRACTUpper level management increasingly find the need to align any development efforts with business needs, organizational mission, goals and strategies. While there is an increased demand for greater value from the acquisition programs at reduced costs, there are limited resources to achieve this goal. Improved program management of IT is key to increasing acquisition program effectiveness and reducing costs. Most organizations today find an immediate need for an enterprise wide architecture framework that describes work processes, information flows, information technology (IT) and standards to meet its mission‐critical acquisition programs.While many information architecture models such as the Zachman framework “(Zachman 1987, 1992)” for information systems architecture and the three‐schema architecture exist in industry, none have gained sufficient acceptance to be considered a standard.The Acquisition Information Systems Architecture (AISA) was developed to assist our clients, especially those in the Government, comply with legislative and executive agency guidance and to facilitate a framework that guides towards understanding the present and helps plan a migration strategy to a proposed architecture.