Information And Communication Technologies Goods Research Articles

The impact of ICT goods exports and environmental technology innovation on mineral rents: Evidence from OECD countries.

This study investigates the effects of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) goods exports and environmental technology innovation (ETI) on mineral rents using a panel dataset of 23 OECD countries from 2000 to 2020. Employing a fixed-effects regression and several robustness checks (FGLS, PCSE, and DKSE), we find that ICT goods exports are positively associated with mineral rents, while ETI exerts a negative impact. Notably, the positive effect of ICT goods exports was more pronounced in countries with higher levels of ICT goods exports. Our findings underscore the complex interplay among technological advancements, environmental sustainability, and economic outcomes in resource-dependent economies, emphasizing the need for tailored policy interventions to navigate these multifaceted dynamics.

The Impact of Digital Transformation on the Economy: Technological Innovation and Efficiency

"The investigation into the evolution of the digital economy has yielded profound insights into its fundamental nature, the pivotal drivers guiding its advancement, and the trajectories characterizing the metamorphosis of economic operations within organizations. The outcomes of this inquiry are primed to underpin the effectiveness, calibre, and dependability of information-driven and analytical underpinnings, indispensable for informed managerial judgments geared towards nurturing the inventive potential inherent in the digital economy. Furthermore, these findings address the impediments that curtail seamless digital transformation. Among the preeminent findings engendering novelty in this research, the subsequent elements stand out: the formulation of a comprehensive framework for the delineation and taxonomy of economic activities within the digital economy domain, encompassing both a classification schema for economic pursuits intrinsic to the digital sector and another for economic endeavours facilitated by the integration of digital technologies. A comprehensive array of metrics has been systematically devised to assess the evolution of the digital economy. This framework encompasses indicators derived from information and communication technology (ICT) statistics, national economic accounts, fixed asset investments, and foreign trade, as well as indicators custom-developed in consonance with the proposed taxonomy of economic pursuits within the digital economy. This classification system comprises five distinct blocks, each comprising discrete sets of indicators: those about the ICT sector, the digital sector, organizational outlays on digital technologies, digital proficiency of the workforce, and a holistic gauge of the digital economy. An intricate methodology has been formulated to quantitatively evaluate the ICT sector’s state, progression, and competitive standing. This methodological construct encompasses algorithms for the computation of physical quantities of gross value added and fixed capital investment segregated by the nature of economic undertakings associated with the production of ICT goods and provisioning ICT services. Also included are computations for the index of fixed capital formation rate, alongside indicators appraising the extent of the economy’s engagement with international trade concerning diverse digital products."

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The investigation into the evolution of the digital economy has yielded profound insights into its fundamental nature, the pivotal drivers guiding its advancement, as well as the trajectories characterizing the metamorphosis of economic operations within organizations. The outcomes of this inquiry are primed to underpin the effectiveness, calibre, and dependability of information-driven and analytical underpinnings, indispensable for informed managerial judgments geared towards nurturing the inventive potential inherent in the digital economy. Furthermore, these findings aim to address the impediments that curtail seamless digital transformation. Among the preeminent findings engendering novelty in this research, the subsequent elements stand out: the formulation of a comprehensive framework for the delineation and taxonomy of economic activities within the digital economy domain, encompassing both a classification schema for economic pursuits intrinsic to the digital sector and another for economic endeavours facilitated by the integration of digital technologies. A comprehensive array of metrics has been systematically devised to assess the evolution of the digital economy. This framework encompasses a gamut of indicators derived from information and communication technology (ICT) statistics, national economic accounts, fixed asset investments, and foreign trade, as well as indicators custom-developed in consonance with the proposed taxonomy of economic pursuits within the digital economy. This classification system comprises five distinct blocks, each comprising discrete sets of indicators: those pertaining to the ICT sector, the digital sector, organizational outlays on digital technologies, digital proficiency of the workforce, and a holistic gauge of the digital economy. An intricate methodology has been formulated to quantitatively evaluate the state, progression, and competitive standing of the ICT sector. This methodological construct encompasses algorithms for the computation of physical quantities of gross value added and fixed capital investment segregated by the nature of economic undertakings associated with the production of ICT goods and provisioning of ICT services. Also included are computations for the index of fixed capital formation rate, alongside indicators appraising the extent of the economy's engagement with international trade concerning diverse digital products.

Dampak Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Terhadap Produktivitas dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia

This study aimed to explain the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on productivity and economic growth in Indonesia. The data used in this study are sourced from the World Bank and Federal Reserve financial data. The analysis in this study uses the Vector Autoregression/ Vector Error Correction Model (VAR/ VECM) technique to identify the impact and influence of ICT on productivity and economic growth in Indonesia in the short and long term. The results of this study indicate a long-term relationship between productivity based on total factor productivity (TFP) data and economic growth with other variables used in this research. In the research results, Fixed Broadband Subscription (FBS) and Internet Users (INT) have a significant and positive impact on economic productivity in the long term. Still, they are not substantial in the short time. Then, Fixed Broadband Subscription (FBS) and ICT Goods Export (ICTEXP) have a significant and positive impact on economic growth in the long term but are also insignificant in the short time.

The effect of digitalism on the economic growth and foreign trade of creative, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and high-tech products in OECD countries

The use of digital technologies has come to the fore in every aspect of life due to closures, social distance and bans during the pandemic period. Today, digital technologies are used in many sectors and their importance is increasing day by day. While digitalism refers to the increased use and integration of digital technologies, ICT appears to have a profound effect on economic growth and foreign trade in the creative and high-tech industries.
 In 2022, it is seen that 5.3 billion people, which corresponds to 66.3 percent of the world's total population, have access to the internet. Active mobile-broadband subscriptions has reached 86.9 percent in 2022 in the world. Exports in ICT goods were 2.77 trillion USD and ICT services were 848.4 billion USD in 2021. The share of ICT goods as percentage of total trade in the world was 13.2 percent whereas it was 7 percent in OECD countries. Share of ICT services as percentage of total trade in the world was 14 percent whereas it was 13.3 percent in OECD.
 The study aims to investigate the relationship between the export performance in “Creative”, “ICT” and “High-tech” products with their digital infrastructure and economic growth in OECD countries.
 The results show that there is a positive correlation between overall index scores and GDP per capita in OECD countries. “The share of ITC employment in total employment” and “the share of information and communication (ISIC rev4) in GDP” have a high positive correlation coefficient as 0.693 so that the correlation is significant even at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). “GDP growth rate” and “GDP growth in information and communication (ISIC rev4)” ” have a high positive correlation coefficient as 0.585 so that the correlation is significant even at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). “High-tech export share in total merchandise export” and “share of ICT goods as percentage of total trade, annual” have a high positive correlation coefficient as 0.656 so that the correlation is significant even at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). “The share of ITC employment in total employment” and “share of ICT services as percentage of total trade, annual” have a high positive correlation coefficient as 0.501 so that the correlation is significant even at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Effect of information and communication technology on CO2 emissions: An analysis based on country heterogeneity perspective

With the rapid global development of information and communication technology (ICT), the relationship between ICT and carbon emissions is essential for countries to achieve sustainable development. This study uses panel data from 91 countries between 2007 and 2015 to construct a comprehensive information and communication technology index. This index has been constructed based on ICT infrastructure, institutional guarantee and government support, as well as the competitiveness of ICT goods and services. A series of robustness tests guarantee the consistency of our findings, which are consistent with the empirical findings that demonstrate an inverted U-shaped relationship between ICT and CO2 emissions. Further evidence suggests that an inverted U-shaped relationship between ICT and CO2 emissions has heterogeneous effects between Belt and Road initiative (BRI) and non-BRI countries and countries with different environmental regulations. Therefore, when creating policies to reduce CO2 emissions globally, it is important to consider the growth of ICT and the heterogeneity of countries.

Enhancing human development in developing regions: Do ICT and transport infrastructure matter?

Recent scholarly and policy discussions have focused on whether information and communication technology (ICT) and transport infrastructure enhance human development outcomes in developing countries. This study contributes to the knowledge and policy by exploring the impact of transport and ICT infrastructure on human development using comprehensive panel data for 79 countries from 1990 to 2018. Applying the two-step IV-GMM to correct endogeneity, our results reveal that for the transport infrastructure indicators, while port connectivity and port traffic enhance human development, freight and rail infrastructures do not. For the ICT infrastructure, the findings indicate that broadband, internet, and mobile phone penetration improve human development while telephone penetration and ICT goods have a neutral effect. The study also reveals that transport and ICT infrastructure have a disparate impact on human capital (education) and health (life expectancy, under-five, and maternal mortality). Further analysis reveals that the results differ among South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America-Caribbean. These results are robust to an alternative econometric estimator. The policy implications of these findings are discussed.

Evaluating the impact of information and communication technology on renewable energy consumption: A spatial econometric approach

Numerous studies have assessed a variety of factors affecting renewable energy consumption, but the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in affecting renewable energy consumption is neglected. The aim of this paper is thus to investigate the impact of ICT on renewable energy consumption based on panel data of 90 countries over the period 2000–2014. Moreover, we use the spatial econometric approach to determine whether they have spatial spillover effects. The empirical results show that the development of ICT will increase the consumption of renewable energy. Meanwhile, spatial spillover effects have also been confirmed, specifically, in a particular country, a 1% increase in individuals using the Internet, exports of ICT goods, and imports of ICT goods separately lead to 0.137%, 0.087%, and −0.251% changes in renewable energy consumptions in that country, and 0.380%, −0.155% and 0.485% changes in its neighboring countries.

The Impact of ICT Investment and Diffusion on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Rwanda

This study evaluates the influence of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) investment and diffusion on Rwanda's economic growth. At the level we recommend, ICT imports greatly improve intermediate inputs to capital goods, resulting in increased economic growth. We use the most recent available data on technical innovation and investment for our empirical study, which spans the years 2005Q1 to 2020Q4. The results of regression analysis show that ICT development has little effect on Rwanda's economic growth. However, we notice a patchwork of information on ICT investment. We utilize ICT goods exports and imports as a proxy for ICT investment, based on previous research. Surprisingly, ICT goods exports have had no impact on Rwanda's economic growth. We do notice, however, that a 1% increase in ICT goods imports boosts economic growth by 3.9 percent. At this level, ICT goods import greatly boost the intermediate input to capital goods, resulting in increased economic growth. As a result, officials should ensure that ICT goods imports should be prioritized through supporting ICT investment to boost economic growth.

Evaluation of information and communication technology development in G7 countries: An integrated MCDM approach

Information and communication technology (ICT) contributes highly to various sectors of modern societies. Due to rapid growth of ICT and its spread into different sectors, ICT now has noticeable impacts on economic and social growth. Considering both positive and negative impacts, governments are continuously working on proposing better policies and recommendations to improve their ICT infrastructures. However, proposing better policies is highly depended on understanding past and current policies to have a complete overview of the situation. In this regard, evaluation of countries’ performance in terms of ICT development is of great significance. This paper attempts to evaluate the ICT development based on social and economic indicators using an integrated MCDM approach. To provide a real-life benchmark, G7 countries as major developed countries are investigated using real data from OECD datasets. For this purpose, six major indicators as ICT employment, ICT goods exports, ICT investment, ICT value-added, and internet access are considered to comparatively evaluate performance of G7 countries. Results indicate that United States of America along with Japan as top countries based on their ICT development while countries such as Italy and Canada are found to have the weakest performance which should upgrade their ICT policies to maximize their performance.

TYPOLOGIZATION OF THE EFFECTS FROM THE INTRODUCTION AND USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS

The subject of the study is to consider the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) on the country’s economic development that requires providing the systematic research of objective prerequisites for increasing ecological and economic efficiency of the introduction and use of ICT. The economic justification for the implementation of ICT taking into account the economic consequences of its impact on the environment is impossible without studying, systematizing economic and environmental effects from the use of ICT. Scientific studies of the economic problems of the implementation of ICT, in our opinion, should be deepened on the basis of the need to take into account the positive and negative economic consequences of their impact on the environment and therefore require further research in this direction. The purpose of the paper is to determine the impact of information and communication technologies on the country’s ecological and economic development and to systematize the economic, social and environmental effects from the introduction and use of ICT. The dialectical method of scientific knowledge, method of analysis and synthesis, comparative method, method of data generalization are used in the paper. The paper outlines and describes the main directions of influence of information and communication technologies (ICT) on economic development of industry, on development of agriculture, on the sphere of transport and communication. The classification of the effects from the introduction and use of ICT is given, namely: by the life cycle of the product – the effects that arise at the stage of development, production, realization, consumption and disposal of the product; by recipients of influence – the effects that arise in enterprises, government bodies, which use ICT, households, which are consumers of ICT goods and services, and in the environment; by the form of manifestation – direct and indirect effects. ICT provide extensive opportunities for learning, promote the participation of citizens in public life, etc., but at the same time they can increase the unevenness of the economic development of the regions of the country due to the difference in access to ICT. The development of ICT provides a reduction in the material component of production and consumption, helping to reduce the resource intensity and ecological sustainability of economic processes, and improve the environmental situation.

Applying of Fuzzy Nonlinear Regression to Investigate the Effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Income Distribution

The main focus of this paper is to extend fuzzy regression and its application. Therefore, we used nonlinear modeling to investigate the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on the Gini coefficient. Hence, we calculated the three borders upside, medium, and downside of the Gini coefficient. We found no evidence of reduced income inequality when decreasing the use of ICT goods. However, with the increased use of ICTs, income inequality decreases over time. Also, the results showed that the effect of ICT commodities on the Gini coefficient was the inverted U situation. Understanding this impact is very important from the perspective of planning and building infrastructure for poverty reduction.

Role of ICT Investment and Diffusion in the Economic Growth: A Threshold Approach for the Empirical Evidence from Pakistan

This study investigates the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) investment and diffusion on Pakistan’s economic growth by proposing the threshold level of ICT investment. At our proposed level, the ICT imports significantly enhance the intermediate inputs to capital goods, ultimately enhancing economic growth. For this empirical investigation, we use the maximum available data on technological innovation and investment, ranging from 2003 to 2018. Incorporating the structural breaks, the results of regression analysis reveal that Pakistan’s economic growth is unaffected by ICT development. However, we observe the mixed shreds of evidence on the ICT investment. Following existing literature, we use ICT goods exports and imports as a proxy for ICT investment. Interestingly, the economic growth of Pakistan is again unaffected by the ICT goods exports. However, we observe that a one percent increase in ICT goods imports enhances economic growth by 1.73 percent. Then, we extend this analysis to the threshold approach, which reveals that ICT imports affect the overall economic growth when the ICT goods imports reach the level of 4.13 percent of the total imports. At this threshold, the ICT goods import significantly enhances the intermediate input to the capital goods, leading to higher economic growth. Therefore, the policymakers should ensure that the ICT goods import must be greater than the 4.13 percent of Pakistani imports.

The role of ICT in energy consumption and environment: an empirical investigation of Asian economies with cluster analysis.

The development of societies has led information and communication technology (ICT) to play a gradually important role in people's lives, transforming the way societies and economies function. ICTs are often associated with the path to reducing CO2 emissions; however, do they lead to that path? Or are they themselves a growing source of energy consumption and emissions? The current study estimates the effect of ICT, trade, economic growth, financial development, and energy consumption on carbon emissions in South and Southeast Asian (SSEA) region for the period of 1990-2014. Moreover, the study also tried to validate the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis between GDP per capita and CO2 emissions. Cluster analysis was used to identify two groups (potential and advanced countries) based on their social development score. The long-run connection between the variables was examined and the long-run elasticities of ICT, financial development, energy consumption, trade, and economic growth with respect to CO2 emissions were estimated. Besides, individual country-wise long-run coefficients were found. Results show that financial development and ICT deteriorated the environment quality in the SSEA region, suggesting ICT goods and services are not energy-efficient in both potential and advanced countries and that most of the financial investment was made in non-friendly environmental projects, in potential countries. On the contrary, in advanced countries, financial development mitigates CO2 emissions. In addition, results also confirmed an inverted U-shaped relationship for all the considered three panels such as potential, advance, and full-countries panels, confirming EKC. Causality findings showed a bidirectional causality between CO2 emissions and energy consumption as well as unidirectional causality from trade, economic growth, financial development, and ICT to CO2 emissions. Policymakers should be aware of the ICT impact on energy consumption and strengthen the regulation of their manufacture to facilitate the integration of energy efficiency into user routines. Due to the increasing use of standby mode and Wi-Fi assistive devices, the rapid implementation of legislation regulating these technologies to make them more efficient is recommended.

ICT Penetration and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis of Major Trading Nations

This study develops an information and communication technology (ICT) penetration index and examines the link between ICT penetration and economic growth, trade openness and foreign direct investment in major trading nations from 2001 to 2018. The nations have been selected based on total trade volume. The ICT penetration index constructed for the major trading nations is based on trade of ICT goods and services, Internet use, mobile and broadband subscriptions using principal component analysis. Based on the new endogenous growth model, co-integration and panel regression are applied to determine the relationship between ICT penetration, trade openness and economic growth. A few other control variables such as financial development and foreign direct investment are also considered to assess the relationship between growth, trade openness and ICT penetration along with cross-country effects. It is seen that there exists a relationship between ICT penetration, economic growth, trade openness and foreign direct investment for the selected countries, with emerging and high-income countries showing a significant relationship between ICT penetration and growth, while countries are focusing on enhancing the role of ICT in trade.

Effects of final expenditures on ICT goods and services on the croatian domestic output and imports – the input-output approach

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has a significant role in the growth and development of almost every national economy. The aim of this paper is to estimate the overall contribution of final expenditures on ICT goods and services on the domestic output and imports of Croatia in terms of gross value added (GVA) and employment. In order to quantify the direct, indirect and induced effects of final expenditures on ICT goods and services to the overall Croatian economy, input-output (IO) analysis is applied. The results of the empirical analysis show that of all three categories of total final uses, the final consumption expenditure on ICT goods and services recorded the highest total contribution in terms of GVA and in terms of employment. The final consumption expenditure of households had the most important role in generating GVA and employment, while the impact of government and non-profit organisations serving households expenditures was limited. At the activity section level, the majority of GVA and the number of jobs were generated in the activity section J – Information and Communication. The total number of employees induced by final expenditures on goods and services produced by the ICT sectors is estimated at 2.8%. The ICT sectors contributed to the total Croatian GVA in a range higher than 4.5%.

Impact of ICT exports and internet usage on carbon emissions: a case of OECD countries

This paper investigates the causal associations between Information and Communication Technology (ICT) exports, internet usage, economic growth and carbon dioxide emission. We use two modes of ICT exports, namely ICT goods exports and ICT services exports. Similarly, two modes have been used for internet usage, namely number of broadband connections per 100 people and number of internet users per 100 people. By studying 28 OECD countries for 1991 to 2015 and employing an error-correction model for detecting Granger causality, we find short-run causal associations among the variables. The results show that the economic growth is likely to converge to the long-run equilibrium path in keeping with the changes in the other three variables. Our main finding is that the group of developing countries should foster an environment, which will not only boost the ICT service exports, but also will make the penetration of broadband connections in a better way.

Impact of ICT exports and internet usage on carbon emissions: a case of OECD countries

This paper investigates the causal associations between Information and Communication Technology (ICT) exports, internet usage, economic growth and carbon dioxide emission. We use two modes of ICT exports, namely ICT goods exports and ICT services exports. Similarly, two modes have been used for internet usage, namely number of broadband connections per 100 people and number of internet users per 100 people. By studying 28 OECD countries for 1991 to 2015 and employing an error-correction model for detecting Granger causality, we find short-run causal associations among the variables. The results show that the economic growth is likely to converge to the long-run equilibrium path in keeping with the changes in the other three variables. Our main finding is that the group of developing countries should foster an environment, which will not only boost the ICT service exports, but also will make the penetration of broadband connections in a better way.

Evolution and determinants of digital divide in Brazil (2005–2013)

During the last decades, the widespread growth of information and communication technologies (ICT) has posed incentives to broaden the participation of individuals in social, political and economic dimensions of life. However, utilization of ICT also involves access to technology and infrastructure, and acquisition of skills to deal with innovations and, thus, digital literacy is, primarily, a complementary good. The digital divide expresses inequalities in access and utilization of ICT among individuals and populations in different countries. The study adopts inequalities indexes of Internet access and mobile phone ownership to measure use of ICT goods, accounting for the digital divide in Brazil. The inequality indexes are also split according to main determinants using four nationally representative survey data from 2005 to 2013. Results indicate that the digital divide among individuals is decreasing quite fast among Brazilians over time. However, there is room for policies of mass access to ICT goods based on mobile Internet broadband access. In addition, digital illiteracy, evaluated by lack of education, is one of the main determinants of the digital divide in the country, especially among elderly individuals.

Dead Media Objects and the Experience of the (Once) Modern. Ethnographic Perspectives from the Living Rooms of Kinshasa’s Old Aged

ABSTRACTThis article departs from the observation that in many living rooms of elderly Kinois (inhabitants of Kinshasa), old and defunctive radio and television sets are put on display. When their primary function, to inform, has been rendered obsolete, we are faced with the question why people continue to display these objects, often next to newer models, in their living rooms. The main argument is that Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) commodities, old and new, defective and repaired, are primarily social objects that are embedded in complex webs of practices and expectations which unsettle the taken-for-granted associations between technology and time. ICT objects are shown to be metonyms of dynamics in social relationships between owners of these ICT goods and others; and, although seemingly paradoxically, these same objects, even when damaged, inhabit promises for a better future. The article thus offers an alternative perspective on electronic modernity, and in particular, the role of Africa therein.