Information-analytical System Research Articles

Diagnosis of The State and Changes in The Ecosystem of Lake Onego and Watershed Based on The Information-Analytical System

The results of the diagnosis of the state and changes in the ecosystem of Onegskoe Lake (Lake Onego) and the watershed are presented using the developed information and analytical system “Lake Onego-watershed” (IAS), consisting of a comprehensive database (DB), a combined database of Roshydromet and Northern water problems institute/Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the nutrient load for the modern period 1995–2022, the ILLM mathematical model for assessing the removal of nutrients from the watershed and the formation of the nutrient load on the lake and the 3D-mathematical model SPLEM, developed for Lake Onego. Information was collected on the main sources of nutrient load in the Lake Onego catchment area, as well as available field observation data on the flow of nitrogen and phosphorus into the lake. The contribution of different nutrient sources coming from river runoff, diffuse sources, urban discharges and from trout farms was calculated for the lake and the main limnic areas. Based on data from field observations over the past 30 years and the results of numerical experiments using the SPLEM model with a grid resolution of 1 km it is shown that the ecosystem of the lake not only did not restored after the reduction in anthropogenic load after 1991, but eutrophication of waters in the lips and bays continues due to the influence of industrial and agricultural enterprises, trout farms and noticeable climate warming. Functional for the IAS “Lake Onego-catchment” to visualize the main modeling results on a 1 km grid was developed, and a web application interface has been created.

Development of a model of the information and analytical system for making decisions on detecting failures of information transmission channels

The object of the research is the channels of information transmission during the control of the information-analytical decision-making system. The development of high technologies and computing capabilities ensures the evolutionary development of smart technologies and socio-cyber-physical systems on the one hand. On the other hand, it forms the integration of targeted (mixed) attacks with the possibility of integration with social engineering methods. In addition, mobile technologies significantly increase the possibilities of data transmission speed. However, this only provides the authentication service, which does not provide a full range of security services. Under such conditions, an urgent task at the decision-making stage is the use of auxiliary systems that ensure the adequacy of decisions and the promptness of their adoption. The proposed mathematical model of the information and analytical system allows to calculate the main technical characteristics of information transmission channels and identify their possible failures. The use of an information and analytical system simplifies the decision-making process, allows to increase the reliability of such decisions due to an increase in the level of automation. Increasing the level of automation in the decision-making process removes subjective factors and the decision depends on the availability of information. Therefore, the reliability of the information transmission channels of the information and analytical system significantly affects the quality of the decisions made. The developed model allows to ensure the required level of reliability of information transmission channels. The obtained results are explained by determining the dependence between the parameters of the information and analytical system and their influence on the quality of information transmission through channels. The results of the study can be used in practice when considering systems with a limited number of states during operation

CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO MANAGING AN ANALYTICAL SYSTEM IN THE FIELD OF EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT OF EDUCATION QUALITY

This article proposes an innovative idea for the development of a new information-analytical system in the field of external assessment of education quality (competencies) using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data (BD). This system represents an innovative approach to the external evaluation of education quality, covering various levels of assessment from individual learners to the national level. The system aims to use AI and BD technologies to enhance the objectivity, and reliability of assessments, and provide a broader coverage of students and educators. The system’s architecture includes various modules, each designed to address specific aspects of external evaluation, such as education quality, teacher competence, psychodiagnostics, and career guidance, with the innovation of this system lying in the comprehensive interaction of these modules. The implementation of this system is aimed at improving education management and building individual learning trajectories by tracking the dynamics and history of educational achievements. This will also ensure transparency in decision-making, reduce the level of corruption, and create equal educational opportunities for different regions and population groups

Development of a method for synthesizing an information-analytical system for assessing the level of information transmission channels protection

The object of the study is the process of ensuring security during data transmission through information channels. To ensure high-quality indicators of information transmission channels protection, it is necessary to periodically monitor and, when detected, close possible data leakage channels. The effectiveness of measures to protect transmission channels depends on the quality of checking the presence of possible, valid or hidden, data leakage channels. A significant number of signs of information leakage complicates the control process and leads to additional economic costs for the use of control equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method of synthesis of an information-analytical system for assessing the level of transmission channels protection. It is proposed to develop such a method on the basis of determining the dependence between control signs of the presence of information leakage channels. The proposed method allows to ensure the necessary level of security. The basis of the method for synthesis of the information-analytical system for assessing the level of information transmission channels protection is the equation of the associative connection between the control features. The presence of a connection between control signs indicates the presence of information leakage channels. This is due to the loss of characteristics (for example, voltage or signal strength) of the useful information flow due to the redistribution of data during transmission. The benefit from the application of the obtained results depends on the number of discovered and, accordingly, closed channels of information leakage. Implementation of the proposed method allows to automate the process of finding a data leak in transmission channels. The given research results can be useful in the development of software for expert decision-making systems based on the formation of knowledge bases about the relationship between control features. Implementation of the obtained results will increase the reliability and security of information transmission channels

Input and Verification of Scientometric Data in Large, Complex Information Systems

For effective stimulation of the activities of organizations, collectives, and individual scientists in the field of scientific, research, experimental, design, and technological work, it is necessary to rely on up-to-date, comprehensive, and verified data on the results obtained from these activities. The article describes an approach to the organization of processes for input and multi-level verification of data into information-analytical scientometric systems used to support decision-making in scientific organizations.

APPLICATION OF FUZZY MODELS TO CONTROL THE STREAM OF MESSAGES IN DATA TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURES

The report presents one of the problems that arises in distributed data transmission infrastructures - node overload in data transmission when there is unstable communication between nodes. As a solution, a mechanism for controlling the message flow intensity based on a fuzzy model is proposed. The developed fuzzy control model has demonstrated its effectiveness in the network for collecting and transmitting quotes of financial instruments from various trading platforms to the information-analytical system of a financial company. Message queues at the sources have significantly decreased, while minimizing losses of quotes on unstable communication channels. Additionally, the possibility of more flexible adjustment of fuzzy control by expanding the number of metrics of input parameters of the fuzzy model has been explored.

Improving target budgeting in a corporate performance management system

Currently the portrayal of the procedure for developing management actions during the planning process in the scientific and professional community does not align with the practice of systematic and consistent plan creation supported by an informational analytical system. Alternatively, the non-formalized decision-making activity of the planner, which involves a situational expert approach, becomes a dependency in the planning process. This study is aimed at developing an analytical approach for implementing the plan reconciliation procedure in the process of corporate performance planning. This will increase the utilization of capabilities of the corporate performance management system and formalize the task of generating managerial actions by adjusting targeted budgeting values using mathematical methods. For this purpose, the standard planning process is enhanced by analytical support units, including the algorithm of inverse calculations of individual key performance indicators (KPI) and an advanced module for scenario modeling. The improved model of target budgeting process presented here delivers automated formation of management actions of the budgeting department and subdivision management, guided towards accomplishing strategic goals. The application of inverse calculations provides a mathematical formulation of the task of calculating indicators of planned key values, and the Sense and Respond (SaR) system allows you to supplement the mathematical formulation with weighting coefficients of key performance indicators calculated algorithmically, relying on the manager’s decisions rather than expert evaluation. The implementation of the approach we developed will improve the quality of planning by the highest priority criteria of operability, accuracy and adaptability due to the consistency and methodology of budgeting with the use of modern information technology.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN KAZAKHSTANI CONTEXT – STATE-OF-THE-ART AND CHALLENGES FOR INDUSTRIAL REGION

Environmental issues remain a pressing concern for Kazakhstani industrial regions. While legislative requirements for emissions into the environment permanently become increasingly stringent, the environmental monitoring system lacks several structural factors. This article delves into the fundamental requirements for environmental monitoring systems and overviews methods and models for monitoring emissions into the environment based on sources and impact factors. The structure of classical monitoring is outlined in detail, examining methods based on international experience with existing management and control systems. The reasons and perspectives for an environmental monitoring system for industrial facilities in the Pavlodar region are discussed. The energy sector should gain the special attention due to its high density and significant environmental impact in the region. It can be concluded that imperfections in legislation and outdated infrastructure conditions have led to the threatening ambient air pollution. While the observations based on the retrospective time-series data currently show state-of-the-art, the urgent call for implementation of industrial intelligent information-analytical system may play a pivotal role in decision-making in air quality management. Keywords: environmental monitoring, greenhouse gases emissions, environmental pollution, Industry 4.0, air quality.

Systematic analysis of the functional features of the information and analytical system of the professional development of the communicative culture of documents

The need for systematic analysis of information and analytical systems in the fields of knowledge education/pedagogical sciences, socio-behavioral sciences and culture and art has been updated. The conceptual-categorical apparatus of the system analysis of the functionality of the information-analytical system of the professional development of the communicative culture of document editors is singled out. The concept of "informational and analytical system" has been clarified, the definition of "informational and analytical system of higher education institutions" has been specified. The goal of formation and target tasks of the information and analytical system of higher education institutions, its structure and factors of regulation are disclosed, the structural components of the system are established. The methodical apparatus of the system approach in information-analytical activity and the subject area of research of the system analysis of the information-analytical system of the professional development of document editors have been clarified. The classification features of system-forming characteristics, which are the subject of system analysis, are singled out. A systematic approach was applied to determine the functional structure of the system. Management functions have been updated, classification features of management functionality have been highlighted. In the course of the system analysis, the functional features of the information- analytical system of professional training and development of the communicative culture of document editors were classified, namely the functions: law-enforcing legal protection of social guarantees of the national and global dimension; political- administrative by types and types of policies of different levels of management; socio-economic connection to ensure the effectiveness of the policy of sustainable development; cultural and artistic academic culture; supervisory sphere of technical regulation; serving from the service of legal and social protection of participants in educational and research processes.

Construction of systemic interaction between tools of remote monitoring of the technical condition and operation modes of a truck vehicle

Parameters of the technical condition of transportation means in modern transport-logistics and infrastructure systems are an integral element of their communication support. This is enabled by the use of remote information monitoring technologies in control processes. The object of this study is the processes of vehicle remote monitoring in terms of determining the technical condition. The work addressed the task of improving the process of vehicle technical operation through the construction of a model of the remote monitoring system of its technical condition. A remote version of the information-analytical monitoring system was implemented. The work considers the system interaction of the means of remote monitoring of the state of a vehicle to ensure control under the operating conditions of the driver's work and rest modes. Road, transport, climatic conditions, etc. were taken into account. Considering these features, an information and analytical model of the system for remote monitoring of vehicle condition was built. Features of the subject area of the system are described using a DFD diagram. A structured information model of the information-communication system has been constructed, which has the ability to actually provide vehicle remote monitoring, the driver's work and rest modes, and his/her physical condition. The results, subject to the use of the V2I information model in the field of transport, allow remote monitoring of the vehicle technical condition. Specifically, to analyze the influence of changes in the physical condition and modes of work and rest of drivers on changes in the vehicle operating parameters

Methodology for Assessing the Technical Condition and Durability of Bridge Structures

The proposed methodology aims to determine and forecast the technical condition of bridge elements, which could serve as an advanced engineering tool for assessing reliability and durability. It is developed based on fundamental studies that synthesize the experience of studying the physical–mechanical and physical–chemical properties of materials in bridge structures operating under real conditions. The theoretical foundation of the methodology is a reliability model and residual lifetime prediction of bridge elements based on Markov’s theory. The developed methodology is designed for assessing the technical condition of individual bridge elements, followed by a comprehensive evaluation of the entire structure. Reliability during operation is adopted as the indicator of technical condition. This quantitative reliability indicator in the model serves as a criterion for evaluating the safety level of bridge elements; ranking of bridge elements as necessary for specific types of repair, reconstruction, or replacement; strategic planning of expenditures for repair or reconstruction under limited funding; and forecasting the remaining resource of elements. An evaluation and prediction algorithm for the technical condition of bridges is proposed for the application of the developed methodology. A mathematical experiment of the developed methodology was conducted, which confirmed the adequacy of the proposed hypothesis, i.e., the use of the reliability model and the prediction of residual lifetime of bridge elements. First, a three-step mechanism for refining the technical condition of the bridge is proposed, significantly enhancing the accuracy of the calculations. Therefore, the developed methodology holds practical value and can serve as a basis for information-analytical systems for managing the condition of bridges.

РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ МАТЕМАТИЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-АНАЛІТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ДЛЯ ПІДТРИМКИ ТА ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ ЩОДО ЛОГІСТИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ГВАРДІЇ УКРАЇНИ НА ОСНОВІ ОНТОЛОГІЧНОГО ПІДХОДУ

In today's difficult conditions, the National Guard of Ukraine lacks an information and analytical system that would support effective decision-making in the process of planning and implementation of its functions. The creation of such a system is a complex issue that requires its decomposition into simple tasks, which is why the article considers one of such tasks on the example of logistics support of the National Guard of Ukraine. A formalized description of the mathematical model of an information-analytical system for supporting and making decisions on the logistics support of the National Guard of Ukraine and its components based on an ontological approach is proposed. The models of behavior and structure of the studied information-analytical system, which are components of the functional-component model of the software system for supporting and making decisions on the logistics support of the National Guard of Ukraine, have been improved, which, unlike the existing ones, take into account the specifics of the processes of logistics support of the National Guard of Ukraine, as well as the structural and behavioral features of this system. The above models include sets that take into account the structural and functional features of the information-analytical system for supporting and making decisions on the logistics support of the National Guard of Ukraine. It is shown that the proposed improved mathematical model of an information-analytical system for supporting and making decisions on logistics support of the National Guard of Ukraine allows developing the architecture of such a system, which determines the structure, composition and features of the functioning of the considered software tools.

Additional demand for specialists in physical culture and sport

Modern accents in the development of regions of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 in terms of improving the quality of life of the country’s population, expanding opportunities for the implementation of health-saving technologies in organizations implementing activities in the field of physical culture and sport have been reflected in the results of a survey of the information-analytical system “SM KADRY-FKiS” and survey web-service created by the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Physical Culture (St. Petersburg). The priority of such specialties as “coaching teacher”, “instructor”, “instructor-methodist”, “coaching teacher in adaptive physical culture and adaptive sports” for employing organizations in the regions of the Russian Federation became obvious. The interest of the respondent organizations in employees with higher education in the field of physical culture and sports is determined. The article presents examples of additional demand for expanding the range (list) of specialties (positions) in the field of physical culture and sports, primarily related to the increase in the number of new sports facilities in the regions or reconstructed facilities, which in turn require the formation / expansion of the staff number of employees. All the peculiarities identified in the regions of the Russian Federation will entail changes in the regulatory and legal support of this industry both at the regional and federal levels.

Система протидії зовнішнім загрозам економічній безпеці підприємства

The aim of the article is to study and systematize approaches to the development of a set of measures aimed at countering external threats to the economic security of enterprise. The article analyzes the structure of threats to the economic security of enterprise and proposes a classification of external threats by the level of occurrence, the allocation of which at the organizational level of the subsystem of counteraction to external threats to economic security should be the first step towards improving the system of economic security of enterprise. The necessity of introduction of an information-analytical system at the enterprise, which should ensure prompt and continuous monitoring, as well as analysis of risk factors and their tendencies, is substantiated. Based on the results of the carried out study, it is proposed in the process of developing a set of measures to counteract external threats to the economic security of enterprise to take into account the classification of threats by the levels at which they occur. Thus, it is recommended to build a three-component set of measures to counter external threats, consisting of: a set of measures to counter threats to the competitive (sectoral) environment; a set of measures to counteract threats to the economic security of the enterprise that occur at the level of the national economy; a set of measures to counter global threats and threats occurring at the international level. An efficient system of counteraction to external threats to the economic security of enterprise will serve as the basis for ensuring the financial component of the overall economic security of the enterprise, ensure the development of its material and technical support and strengthening of competitive positions, and as a result, will become the basis for maintaining a high level of financial and economic efficiency regardless of changes in the sectoral, national-economic and global-economic environment.

Development of the information-analytical system for monitoring external communications of the enterprise in C#

Information security and data protection are currently important elements of the activity of any enterprise. The changes taking place in the global economy stimulate the emergence of new software products that reduce the risk of confidential data leakage. The article proposes a solution to the problem of monitoring and evaluating the communications of enterprise employees with customers, customers and partners. As a result of the study, a software system for monitoring and evaluating two types of messages was developed: voice and text. The main method in the development of this monitoring system is a technical and forensic analysis. With its help, a software implementation of the system was created in the C# programming language. The program consists of two main functional parts: the first part is designed to process audio files, the second is responsible for the analysis of text messages. Also, a detailed description of the main procedures of the program operation is given, taking into account differences in the methods of storing and processing data, which is justified by different formats of the analysed files. Using the developed program can help the enterprise build a communication strategy to reduce further possible costs and identify as much data as possible about intruders. In the future, this system can be improved, and supplemented with functionality and a more user-friendly interface.

An information-analytical system for assessing the level of automated news content according to the population structure – A platform for media literacy system development

An increasingly complicated communications environment, including artificially manufactured information, requires new skills. No research has designed a mechanism to assess public views and attitudes toward automated news material in this changing environment. This study used a fuzzy information–analytical system to assess public perceptions and attitudes toward automated news content as a tool for building a national and international media literacy system. Our two-stage innovative information approach uses three social indicators and eight criteria to assess public views toward artificially manufactured content. We defined the input–data processing system first. In the second stage, we used a multiple-criteria fuzzy model to assess public opinion on artificially manufactured information. We modified a generalized logical conclusion to varied query answers. For multiple criteria evaluation, we employed matrix multiplication and multidimensional membership functions to determine public opinion toward artificially manufactured content for different social indicator groups. Aggregated ratings and public attitude toward artificially manufactured content were the output. Experimental data from 1041 Czech respondents supported the information–analytical system's efficacy. With this knowledge, national and institutional decision-makers and other stakeholders can analyze citizens of different social and economic backgrounds' public attitudes toward artificially created content and create information security-related decision-making support scenarios.

Systematic use of nonlinear data filtering methods in forecasting tasks

The article describes an approach to the systematic use of nonlinear data filtering methods in tasks of intelligent data analysis and machine learning. The concepts of filtering and non-linear filtering are considered. The analysis of modern methods of optimal and probabilistic nonlinear filtering of statistical data and the peculiarities of their application in solving the problems of estimating the states of dynamic systems is carried out. The application of the Kalman filter and its variants for solving nonlinear filtering problems is analysed. The classification of nonlinear filtering methods is given. In the basis of the classification are digital, optimal and probabilistic filters. Non-recursive and recursive digital filters are studied. The formulation of the problem of optimal filtering based on the Kalman filter is considered. The filtering equation for a free dynamic system based on the state space model of a discrete system is given. The extended Kalman filter and its modifications are considered. The Bayesian method of estimating the state of a nonlinear stochastic system is presented. The problem of linear and nonlinear probabilistic filtering is considered. Three filters are considered as examples of probabilistic filters: an unscented Kalman filter, a point mass filter, and a granular filter. The granular filtering algorithm and its modifications are considered in detail. The architecture of the information-analytical system for solving forecasting problems has been developed. The system consists of the following main components: user interface, information storage subsystem, data analysis and pre-processing subsystem, modelling subsystem, forecast construction and evaluation subsystem, visualization subsystem. As an example of forecasting based on the systematic use of non-linear filtering methods, the task of forecasting the prices of Google shares is considered. A comparison of the quality assessment results of basic models and forecast values without filtering and with different options for applying filters was carried out. To improve the quality of forecasting based on prepared data and based on nonlinear filtering methods, a method based on combined forecasts was used to solve the forecasting problem. The results of forecasting using the combined model are presented

Role of echocardiography in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

This study aimed to investigate and analyze data regarding the role of echocardiographic examination in assessing the diastolic function of the left ventricle and diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Materials and methods. A search of scientific publications and clinical recommendations was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar information-analytical systems for the years 2016–2022, using keywords such as diastolic dysfunction, diastolic stress test, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and echocardiography. Additionally, literature lists were analyzed to identify articles meeting the search criteria.Results. A total of 140 articles were analyzed, with 27 of them utilized in composing the review. Eleven additional articles from 2003–2015 were included from literature lists. The search results were organized into article blocks, within which articles were analyzed to study the role of echocardiographic examination in assessing the diastolic function of the left ventricle and diagnosing HFpEF.Conclusion: Echocardiographic examination provides crucial information about the structure and function of the heart and is recommended for all patients with suspected HFpEF. Based on routine assessment of tissue Doppler imaging parameters, ultrasound diagnostic physicians can decide on the need to initiate the diagnostic algorithm for HFpEF using the diastolic stress test method. Results of the diastolic stress test, considering its limitations, should be interpreted in accordance with the clinical scenario or the probability of the presence of HFpEF. A reduction in diastolic reserve (E/e > 15) is a cornerstone for confirming HFpEF. The key task of upcoming clinical trials is to better differentiate various clinical phenotypes of HFpEF, thereby improving the treatment of each specific patient with HFpEF.

НАУКОВО-ПРАКТИЧНИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЙ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ РІВНЯ ЦИФРОВОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇЇ, ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ СИСТЕМИ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ СФЕРИ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

The article discusses the scientific and practical tools for assessing the level of digitalization, innovative development of the system of economic security of enterprises in the sphere of information technology. The task of rating the indicators of evaluation of innovative development of the system of economic security of enterprises has been solved. The use of cognitive information technology POLYHEDR as a software platform for the formation of an information-analytical assessment system has been adapted. To conduct the study, general methods of analysis and synthesis research, methods of mathematical modeling, methods of quantitative and qualitative assessment, cognitive, systemic, structural and other scientific approaches were used. As a result of the study, a description of the subject areas in an ontological form and the processes carried out within the framework of the tasks is carried out; structuring of large arrays of weakly structured information with the presentation of results in an ontological form is carried out; transdisciplinary integration of large arrays of spatially distributed information (both structured and unstructured) is ensured; formation of specialized user interfaces for displaying information in a form convenient for perception within the framework of a specific task; made it possible to solve analytical problems with the formation of generalized descriptions (models) of classes of objects on the basis of samples for training, classification of objects, prediction of properties of objects. The use of scientific and practical tools for assessing the level of digitalization, innovative development of the system of economic security of enterprises in the field of information technology solved the problem of information support for managerial decision-making and made it possible to assess digitalization and innovative development of the system of economic security of enterprises.

Genealogical diagnostics of neoplasms based on artificial intelligence systems

The compilation and analysis of the patient’s genealogies is one of the methods of population genetics, which makes it possible to identify a predisposition to a particular oncological pathology. At present, it is relevant to prove the feasibility of developing and introducing into clinical practice a comprehensive method for diagnosing and preventing tumors based on data from genetic counseling, molecular biological research and modern artificial intelligence technologies. An information-analytical system is proposed that allows analyzing the patient’s data obtained during the consultation, with the possibility of supplementing them with information from the medical history and the results of the study. The proposed information system is able to analyze of the genealogy and give a preliminary conclusion about the risk of a tumor process in the patient’s family members, according to the algorithms of the morbidity accumulated in the region.