Informal Peer Support Research Articles

Evaluation of an Occupational Therapy led Cognitive Stimulation Therapy Programme in an Integrated Care Programme for Older Persons

Abstract Background Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is a non-pharmacological, evidence-based approach specifically designed to support people with dementia to maintain their cognitive functions e.g. reminiscence, higher executive skills, sensory integration, orientation, memory strategies and day-to-day activities. Methods Participants referred to a community specialist ICPOP team were identified for CST following Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA), where cognitive impairment or dementia was identified. Inclusion criteria: Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale ≤5, Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living ≥11, Lawton Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL) ≥4, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) ≥10, and ability to consent to participate. Addenbrooks Cognitive Examination (ACE-III) scores were obtained pre and post CST, alongside post CST feedback questionnaires. Results 5 CST programmes of seven weeks duration were conducted over a ten-month period. 31 (male=16, female=15) participants completed the programme. 3 participants dropped out due to lack of transport/interest. The average ACE-III score pre-CST was 68.3 +/- 14.31; post-CST was 76.1 +/- 11.4. 28 participants completed feedback questionnaires. Positive feedback included “Got a great sense of achievement with each session, and eagerly looked forward to the coming weeks”, “Each session topped the previous session” “Gave me a reason to get out, a routine to my week”. 45 % commented that they felt safe sharing difficulties/problems with the group. 71% reflected that CST provided an opportunity to meet others in a similar situation. 100% would recommend CST to others. Conclusion Experience of CST was overwhelmingly positive demonstrating benefit not only from a cognitive perspective but from informal peer support and connections made in group settings. Participants commented on lack of follow-on programmes, identifying the need to develop maintenance CST programmes led by trained community stakeholders which would sustain these benefits long-term as well as increasing awareness and knowledge of dementia within communities.

“Being There for Each Other”: Hospital Nurses’ Struggle during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aims to explore the experiences of frontline hospital nurses over 18 months of struggle with the COVID-19 pandemic. The qualitative thematic analysis method was applied. Twenty-three nurses from nine tertiary hospitals in Israel were interviewed using semi-structured interviews via the ZOOM platform between August and September 2021. Interviews were video recorded and transcribed verbatim. Trustworthiness was assured by using qualitative criteria and the COREQ checklist. Results: Both negative and positive experiences were reported: threat and uncertainty along with awareness of their important mission; anxiety and helplessness alongside courage and heroism. Personal management strategies emerged: regulating overwhelming emotions and managing work–life balance. Team support emerged as the most meaningful source of nurses’ struggle with the pandemic. A sense of intimacy and solidarity enabled the processing of the shared traumatic experiences. Conclusions: A deeper understanding of nurses’ experiences through the pandemic was gained. Informal peer support has proven effective in struggling with the events. Formal interventions, such as affective–cognitive processing of traumatic events, need to be integrated into practice. Healthcare policymakers should promote better support for caregivers, which will contribute to their well-being and impact the quality of care they provide.

Comparison, othering, and surveillance: Foucauldian discourse analysis of peer support in visual impairment rehabilitation services in South Africa.

Peer support has been identified as an important aspect of rehabilitation for visually impaired adults. However, there is a limited exploration in rehabilitation studies literature of the identity-related impact of these interventions, both at an individual and collective level. Through attending to the discourses on blindness, well-being, and social inclusion that circulate in organization cultures, this article considers the role that peer support plays in forming "blind communities" with particular characteristics, and what these communities might model about life with blindness, both to newly blind persons and to society. Foucauldian discourse analysis was conducted on semi-structured interviews with 18 visual impairment rehabilitation service users and eight rehabilitation practitioners at four organizations providing services in the Western Cape, South Africa. Formal peer support is lacking in the sampled organizations, suggesting that relational aspects are not a priority in rehabilitation practice. The formal and informal peer support that does exist in these services is shadowed by largely negative sociocultural beliefs about blindness. Participants described a culture of comparison, othering, and surveillance within which, the article suggests, they are unable to explore and embrace authentic and positive blind identities. This has implications for both individual and collective empowerment. Greater attention must be paid to both rehabilitation practitioner training and the design and implementation of rehabilitation services to the identity-level impact of rehabilitation. This is essential to develop services that promote individual and collective empowerment and that respond to the multilayered practical, social, and psychoemotional needs of blind adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

NURS-17. SHOULD EVERY CENTRE HAVE A TARGETED THERAPY CLINIC?

Abstract There is increased use of targeted therapies for children with Central Nervous System (CNS) tumours both at presentation and at relapse. Eighteen months ago, a dedicated CNS targeted therapy clinic was set up at The Great North Children’s Hospital in Newcastle upon Tyne. Referrals are accepted from all major centres in the north of the UK. Within our monthly clinic, five targeted therapies have been used so far including Selumetinib and Tovorafenib with an average of eight children per clinic. General practitioners are asked to carry out all blood investigations forty-eight hours prior to clinic. This has been audited and initial analyses show we have successfully reduced the time children spend in hospital from four hours to one hour. Having blood results prior to clinic means treatment can be prescribed and dispensed promptly. Furthermore, obtaining bloods in the community has reduced the workload for our oncology day unit. The side effect profile of targeted therapies differ from those of standard chemotherapy and requires specific expertise from members of the multidisciplinary team. We are able to predict trends in symptoms and manage them successfully and efficiently. We have direct access to the ophthalmology and Neurofibromatosis team at each clinic. We offer skin care management prior to beginning treatment and will refer to the dermatology team for a same day review where needed. Finally, this clinic has enabled us to offer informal peer support for children and their families, which enhances their overall hospital experience. In summary, our Targeted Therapy Clinic, with the invaluable input of many members of the MDT, has improved the quality of care for children being treated on targeted agents. Given these benefits, we are keen to support other Primary Treatment Centres to develop similar clinics, especially with the increased use of targeted treatments across CNS tumours.

Exploring the association between post-critical incident intervention preferences and self-reported coping self-efficacy among firefighters.

Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) is a commonly utilized intervention in the fire service that aims to minimize psychological harm and adverse mental health outcomes after a potentially traumatic incident. This study aimed to explore firefighter preferences regarding CISD and alternative post-critical incident interventions in relation to firefighter coping self-efficacy (FFCSE) and trauma coping self-efficacy (CSE-T). Firefighters (N = 241) completed an online survey and provided complete data. Most participants were White (n = 203, 84.2%), non-Hispanic (n = 221, 91.7%) men (94.2%; n = 227). CISD was the most preferred intervention among firefighters (n = 113, 46.9%) as compared to informal peer support (n = 31, 12.9%), formal one-on-one counseling (n = 29, 12.0%), and no intervention (n = 68, 28.2%). Firefighters who preferred CISD had statistically significant lower levels of FFCSE, R2 =.033-.044, ps =.012-.030, and CSE-T, R2 =.035-.061 ps =.017-.024, compared to those who preferred no intervention. Firefighters who preferred formal one-on-one counseling had statistically significantly lower levels of FFCSE, R2 =.033-.044, ps =.003-.011, and CSE-T, R2 =.035-0.061, p <.001-p =.002, compared to those who preferred no intervention. The findings from this study may guide future research to increase knowledge on firefighter intervention preferences and the association between preference and coping self-efficacy.

OA10 Peer support for people living with axial spondyloarthritis as part of a supported self-management programme

Abstract Background/Aims The National Axial Spondyloarthritis Society (NASS) Supported Self-management Programme aims to empower people with axial spondyloarthritis (axial SpA) to live well with their condition. We ran peer support meet-ups as part of our new Your SpAce programme to improve attendees’ knowledge of their condition, and reduce feelings of isolation. Methods In March 2023, NASS launched Your SpAce, a series of short information and lived experience videos, with downloadable practical resources. It is aimed at people newly diagnosed or those diagnosed longer who had not previously engaged with their condition. The programme was created in consultation with people living with axial SpA and healthcare professionals (HCPs). A steering group comprised 33% people with lived experience. Monthly free online peer support ‘meet-ups’ were planned. Initial topics aligned with Your SpAce topics of pain, flares, and fatigue. Feedback and helpline enquiry trends guided further topics. Attendees booked via an Eventbrite listing, disseminated via the NASS website, social media and e-newsletter, partner organisations, and HCPs. The meet-ups are facilitated by a HCP who lives with axial SpA. Sessions start with a short introduction to axial SpA and the meet-up topic. The focus is on facilitated group discussions, where attendees use their camera and microphone and chat box to meet other people with axial SpA, ask questions, share advice, and receive peer support. Results Your SpAce webpages ask visitors how confident they feel in managing their pain, flares, and fatigue out of 100 (0=not at all, 100=extremely). The results (701 respondents) indicate the programme is reaching people with low confidence, with 60% of pain poll respondents, 69% of fatigue poll respondents, and 72% of flare poll respondents ranking their confidence 0-40/100. Since April 2023, we ran 10 meet-ups, with 516 bookings and 256 attendees. Everyone who booked received presentation slides and resources. In-meeting anonymous polls showed: 25% of attendees had been diagnosed for less than one year; 31% 1-5 years; 11% 6-10 years; and 33% more than 10 years. 24% have a diagnosis of axial SpA, 22% non-radiographic axial SpA, 51% radiographic axial SpA/ankylosing spondylitis, and 3% awaiting diagnosis. Anonymous feedback survey results (n = 67) showed: 97% enjoyed attending the meet-up; 96% found it easy to attend; 82% said the meet-up helped them understand more about their condition; 74% have more practical skills to manage; 54% had never previously met anyone else with axial SpA; 97% felt less alone afterwards; and 99% would like to attend another meet-up. Conclusion The first six months of Your SpAce meetups have improved attendees’ knowledge of axial SpA, increased practical skills in managing symptoms, and reduced feelings of isolation. Results suggest that informal online peer support is a positive strand of supported self-management for people at all stages of their axial SpA. Disclosure Z. Clark: Honoraria; ZC is a member of Council for the Institute of Osteopathy. Grants/research support; NASS receives grant funding from AbbVie, Biogen, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis and UCB.

Experience of naturally occurring peer support among people using psychiatric day-care in China: an interpretative phenomenology approach.

China presently does not have an established peer support system, and the efforts of peer support workers are not acknowledged in the context of the growing global trend of community-based mental rehabilitation. This study aims to examine the first-hand experiences of persons who participate in psychiatric day-care facilities in Shanghai, China, and receive support from their peers. The goal is to gain a better understanding of how these informal peer support programs function and provide valuable knowledge for the establishment of more structured peer support programs that align with Chinese social culture. A total of 14 participants attending psychiatric day-care centres were selected for face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews using snowball sampling. The interviews took place between July 2021 and February 2022. The text data of the interview were acquired through transcription and then augmented using the interview scripts and additional resources. The data were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis until the themes reached saturation. A total of three overarching themes and eight corresponding sub-themes were produced: 1. reconstructing a social network: an ordinary interpersonal connection, becoming and conducting oneself, proceeding the process of adaptation in the company of peers; 2. balance and multiple roles within the relationship: selective self-exposure, managing proximity and distance; 3. sense of meaning and sense of community: supporting others while empowering oneself, love as expanding consciousness, advocating for the notion of group identity. This study is the initial examination of the contact and naturally occurring peer support that takes place among individuals in psychiatric day-care centres in China. The study's findings revealed that participants interact with others who have undergone similar conditions in the day-care setting, enabling them to rebuild an important social network. It is crucial to consider the possible benefits of peer support, assess the obstacles, and facilitate the personal recovery of individuals with mental disorders using the theory of recovery.

It's Just a Distance Thing: Affordances and Decisions in Online Disclosure of Sexual Violence Victimization.

The Internet offers an alternative context in which personal experiences with sexual violence can be shared. It has been suggested that victims experience lower barriers to disclosing their stories in a digital environment due to an online disinhibition effect and mainly anonymity. However, little is known about the lived experiences of victims who have shared their experiences online regarding these disinhibiting affordances of the Internet. Twenty-three interviews with victims were conducted to understand the digital affordances involved in the online disclosure of sexual victimization. The results suggest that the Internet offers several opportunities (visibility management, asynchronicity, and connectivity) and constraints (lack of non-verbal communication, disclosing online is irreversible, and Internet as a source of triggers) when disclosing sexual violence victimization online. We learn that disclosures are informed by previous experiences and weighed against digital affordances. Victims use multiple platforms or multiple accounts on the same platform and manipulate anonymity and visibility through the settings of online platforms. The Internet offers a potential for informal online peer support. The results have practical implications for victims, clinicians, and support providers for guiding the disclosure process. Furthermore, a re-evaluation and nuance of the online disinhibition theory is suggested. Suggestions for future research are made.

Informal Peer Support and Intentional Acts of Kindness May Attenuate the Impact of Work-Related Stressors on Compassion Satisfaction, Secondary Traumatic Stress, and Burnout of Emergency Medical Services Clinicians

ObjectiveEmergency medical services (EMS) Code Lavender was developed to support EMS clinicians after stressful events via consistent recognition of events, informal peer support, and intentional acts of kindness. This study evaluated changes in burnout screening tool responses of EMS clinicians in response to program implementation and the coincidental start of coronavirus disease 2019. MethodsAnonymous surveys with demographic questions and 2 burnout screening tools were distributed before program implementation (spring 2020) and 20 months later (fall 2021). Analysis included t-tests, Fisher exact tests, and multivariable linear regression. ResultsSeventy-seven preprogram (59% response rate) and 108 intraprogram (88% response rate) survey responses were included. No changes existed between preprogram and intraprogram responses across all subscale scores. Sex was associated with depersonalization subscale scores, with men having scores 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.11-2.95) higher than women. Compared with emergency medical technicians, paramedics had higher compassion satisfaction (OR 3.50; 95% CI 1.79-5.70) and personal accomplishment scores (OR 2.40; 95% CI 1.08-3.71). Transport nurses had higher personal accomplishment (OR 3.29; 95% CI 1.18-5.40), depersonalization (OR 3.73; 95% CI 1.19-6.26), and rates of burnout symptoms (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.09-0.98) than emergency medical technicians. ConclusionThe organizational commitment, peer support, and authentic leadership of EMS Code Lavender may attenuate work-related stressors among EMS clinicians.

Informal peer support for rural doctors.

Practising medicine exposes physicians to emotionally difficult situations, which can be devastating, and for which they might be unprepared. Informal peer support has been recognised as helpful, although this phenomenon is understudied. Hence, it is important to develop a better understanding of the features of helpful informal peer support from the experiences of physicians who have successfully moved through such difficult events. This could lead to new and potentially more effective ways to support struggling physicians. Rural Canadian generalist physicians were interviewed. Using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach, data analysis was oriented towards understanding features of helpful informal peer support and the meanings that participants derived from the experience. Eleven rural generalist physicians took part. Peer support prompted the processing of difficult emotional experiences, which initially seemed insurmountable and career-ending. Participants overcame feelings of emotional distress after even brief encounters of informal peer support. Most participants described the support they received as vitally important. After the peer support encounter, practitioners no longer thought of leaving medical practice and felt more able to handle such difficulties moving forward. Informal peer support enabled recipients to move through an emotionally difficult experience. Empathy, shared vulnerability and connection were the part of the peer support encounter. In addition, the support offered benefits which are known to help physicians not only process emotionally difficult events but also to acquire 'post-traumatic growth'. Practitioners, healthcare leaders and medical educators all have roles to play in enabling the conditions for informal peer support to flourish. La pratique de la médecine expose les médecins à des situations émotionnellement difficiles, qui peuvent être dévastatrices, et auxquelles ils ne sont pas préparés. Le soutien informel par les pairs a été reconnu comme utile, même si ce phénomène est peu étudié. Il est donc important de mieux comprendre les caractéristiques du soutien informel par les pairs à partir des expériences de médecins qui ont réussi à traverser des événements aussi difficiles. Cela pourrait conduire à de nouvelles façons, potentiellement plus efficaces, de soutenir les médecins en difficulté. Onze médecins généralistes canadiens ruraux ont été interrogés. En utilisant une approche phénoménologique herméneutique, l'analyse des données a été orientée vers la compréhension des caractéristiques du soutien informel utile par les pairs et des significations que les participants ont tirées de l'expérience. Le soutien des pairs a incité à vivre des expériences émotionnelles difficiles, qui semblaient au départ insurmontables et mettant fin à une carrière. Les participants ont surmonté leurs sentiments de détresse émotionnelle après même de brèves rencontres de soutien informel par leurs pairs. La plupart des participants ont décrit le soutien qu'ils ont reçu comme étant d'une importance vitale. Après la rencontre de soutien par les pairs, les praticiens ne pensaient plus à quitter la pratique médicale et SE sentaient plus capables de faire face à de telles difficultés à l'avenir. Le soutien informel par les pairs a permis aux bénéficiaires de traverser une expérience émotionnellement difficile. L'empathie, la vulnérabilité partagée et la connexion faisaient partie de la rencontre de soutien par les pairs. En outre, le soutien a offert des avantages connus pour aider les médecins non-seulement à gérer des événements émotionnellement difficiles, mais également à acquérir une 'croissance post-traumatique'. Les praticiens, les dirigeants des soins de santé et les enseignants en médecine ont tous un rôle à jouer pour permettre aux conditions propices au soutien informel par les pairs de s'épanouir.

Supporting Emergency Medical Services Clinicians Through Acute and Sustained Crises With Informal Peer Support and Intentional Acts of Kindness: The Emergency Medical Services Code Lavender Program

ObjectiveGiven the recommendations against the use of critical incident stress debriefing, the emergency medical services (EMS) Code Lavender program was created as a mechanism to consistently recognize and reach out to EMS clinicians after acute crisis events, offer nonintrusive informal peer support and acts of kindness, and provide stepwise support via mental health professionals as needed. The study aimed to assess program utilization and evaluate the program's impact on EMS clinicians’ perceptions of support and resources available to them after an acute crisis event. MethodsAnonymous surveys were distributed before program implementation and 18 months later. Program utilization was tracked using REDCap (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN). Fisher exact tests and logistic regression were used to analyze the survey results. ResultsWithin 30 months, 87 referrals were made. Seventy-seven preprogram (59% response rate) and 104 intraprogram (88% response rate) surveys were collected. There were no differences between respondents by sex or role. There were significant improvements in knowing where to go for help (from 40% to 85%, P < .001) and willingness to seek help if needed (from 40% to 59%, P = .02). ConclusionThe implementation of an EMS Code Lavender program led to significant increases in EMS clinician self-reported knowledge of where to go and willingness to seek help after acute crisis events.

GP perceptions of informal peer support in primary care: a qualitative study.

Burnout is on the rise among GPs in the UK. One approach to mitigating burnout in GPs is through informal peer support (IPS). This refers to GPs informally supporting each other on an informational (advice) and emotional (venting and reflection) basis. To explore GPs' perceptions of how IPS manifests in the primary care setting and what factors influence effective GP engagement with IPS. A qualitative study utilising semi-structured interviews to develop an in-depth understanding of GPs' perceptions of IPS, based on their experiences in practices across England. Fifteen GPs were purposively sampled to include the views of locum, salaried, and trainee GPs and GP partners. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Four types of IPS were identified relating to emotional support, professional advice, sharing of workload, and mentorship, which reflect existing literature. The frequency and efficacy of IPS was found to be influenced by several factors categorised into individual traits, practice culture, and occupation. The results highlight where efforts should be directed to improve GP engagement with IPS. Specifically, GP leaders have an important role in shaping practice culture and fostering an environment for IPS to occur. Practices may also benefit from introducing professional development measures targeted at training GPs to better support each other based on their individual traits.

An exploration of informal peer-support for dietary recommendations in haemodialysis

People often seek feedback to compare aspects of their lives to others. For those undergoing haemodialysis, this may entail discussing dietary advice experiences with others to gain a sense of how well they are doing with their self-management skills. This informal peer-support may present opportunities and challenges for those undergoing haemodialysis. A total of 12 adults undergoing maintenance haemodialysis took part in semi-structured interviews which were transcribed verbatim and underwent thematic analysis. The self-evaluation model of social comparison informed data analysis and interpretation. Two major themes are reported. The major themes were ‘Joining the kidney family’, which represented a sense of solidarity among patients and ‘Social comparison to peers.’ Two sub-themes made up the theme ‘Social comparison to peers’, these were ‘Got it sorted’ and ‘On rocky ground’ and represented upwards comparisons from a self-evaluation perspective and down wards comparisons for self-enhancement. People form social relationships within a haemodialysis unit which are used to obtain evaluations on dietary self-management skills by social comparison. Positive self-evaluations involved downward and upward comparisons around dietary recommendations. Informal peer-support around dietary advice for haemodialysis is variable in terms of the accuracy and helpfulness of the information provided.

In Case You Haven't Heard…

Students interested in counseling have long provided informal peer support through clubs and organizations, including campus chapters of Active Minds or the National Alliance on Mental Illness, Inside Higher Ed reported Oct. 17. But now, some universities are backing such work in more formal ways, paying students to administer mental health education and programming and even peer counseling and coaching. At California State University, Fullerton, eight undergraduate students, called mental health peer educators, are responsible for delivering workshops to fellow students on several mental health–related topics. That responsibility used to fall to clinical staff in Counseling and Psychological Services, but in 2021 officials decided instead to hire and train students to lead the hourlong workshops, which cover common mental health issues, such as stress, sleep and mood. Leaders at other universities with similar models agreed that paid peer‐support roles can be a valuable supplement to traditional counseling center offerings. Paige Bartels, director of counseling and psychological services at the University of New Haven, said in an email to Inside Higher Ed that while the university employs undergraduates as “community wellness advocates,” the services they provide are not meant to replace therapy — a common refrain among universities experimenting with new ways to ease the burden of overstretched mental health professionals.

Navigating the facilitation journey: a qualitative, longitudinal evaluation of ‘Eat Walk Engage’ novice and experienced facilitators

BackgroundThe Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) and integrated-PARIHS (i-PARIHS) frameworks position facilitation as an overarching strategy to enable implementation. In the revised i-PARIHS framework, facilitation is operationalised through a multi-level model with novice, experienced and expert facilitators working together in a network structure to build facilitation knowledge and skills along a continuum. To date, there has been limited evaluation of this facilitation model in practice, which is the aim of the study reported here.MethodsA descriptive, qualitative longitudinal study was undertaken to track a team of four novice and two experienced facilitators involved in facilitating the implementation of an intervention known as ‘Eat Walk Engage’ to improve multidisciplinary team delivery of age-friendly care principles in hospital. Over an 18-month period, repeat interviews were conducted to explore the learning, development, and evolving roles of novice facilitators and the roles of the experienced facilitators in providing support and mentoring. Interview data were analysed using a descriptive qualitative approach and findings were interpreted in collaboration with the participating facilitators.ResultsThe findings demonstrated experiential learning in both the novice and experienced facilitator groups as they enacted their roles in practice. The novice facilitators progressively transitioned to becoming more experienced facilitators and the experienced facilitators became increasingly expert, in line with the i-PARIHS concept of a facilitation journey from novice to expert. Strategies to support this development included a staggered approach to learning, regular meetings between the experienced and novice facilitators, reflective writing and informal peer support and networking. However, the roles were not without challenge and these challenges changed over time, from a more specific focus on the demands of the facilitator role to concerns about embedding and sustaining improvements in practice.ConclusionsWithin a network of peers and a mentored relationship with more experienced facilitators, individuals who are new to an implementation facilitator role can transition along a continuum to become experienced facilitators. Building implementation facilitation capability in this way takes time and requires tailored support and mentorship using a mix of structured and flexible approaches incorporating opportunities for reflection to support individual and group learning.

“Teaching somebody else makes you a better person:” A phenomenological exploration of the importance of informal peer support for individuals with spinal cord injury

BackgroundPeer support is widely recognized as an important aspect of health promotion for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Reports indicate positive effects for the recipients of either informal and formal peer support. The experience can also be meaningful to the person(s) providing support, although the value to providers is not well studied. ObjectiveThis study examines the experience of provision of and receipt of informal peer support for individuals with SCI through semi-structured interviews. MethodsData were analysed using a qualitative phenomenological approach. 16 participants with SCI participated in the study. ResultsThree main themes were developed, each describing different benefits of peer support from the perspective of both members of the peer support dyad. First, participants found personal satisfaction from using their own experiences to help others adjust to their disability. Participants also noted that they learned how to complete activities of daily living as well as how to be autonomous in travel from others with SCI. Finally, participants spoke of the intrinsic benefit in teaching others with SCI. ConclusionsThis study provides a novel understanding of the importance of informal peer support for individuals with SCI. Practitioners should provide opportunities for individuals with SCI to develop informal peer relationships with others who have sustained SCI.

Enhancing Role Integrity for Peer Workers

Although informal peer support has been a central feature of recovery for people with substance use disorder (SUD), more recently there has been a stark increase in formal models of peer support. In the infancy of formalized peer support, researchers warned of potential threats to the integrity of the peer support role. Now, almost two decades into the rapid expansion of peer support, research has yet to evaluate the extent to which peer support is being implemented with fidelity and role integrity. The present study aimed to assess peer workers’ perceptions of peer role integrity. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 peer workers in Central Kentucky. Results suggest that the role of peers is not well understood by onboarding organizations, and thus, the integrity of peer support is diluted. Findings from this study suggest room for improvement in the training, supervision, and implementation of peer support.

Wellbeing of Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) Personnel in a Challenging Work Context: A Qualitative Study

Introduction:Helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) personnel provide on-scene trauma care to patients with high mortality risk. The HEMS work context is characterized by an exceptionally high exposure to critical incidents, emotionally demanding patient encounters, and having to perform under pressure with limited resources. The aim of this study was to further our understanding of the factors underlying HEMS personnel wellbeing given their challenging work context.Method:Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with HEMS personnel from a University Hospital in The Netherlands. Interview topics included work context, personal characteristics, coping, work engagement, and psychosocial support. To analyze the data, a generic qualitative research approach was used inspired by grounded theory, including open, axial and selective coding.Results:The analysis revealed ten categories that provide insight into factors underlying the wellbeing of HEMS personnel and their work context: team and collaboration, coping, procedures, informal peer support, organizational support and follow-up care, drives and motivations, attitudes, other stressors, potentially traumatic events, and emotional impact. The findings show that HEMS personnel are highly motivated and have a strong team mentality. Various factors are important to their wellbeing, such as job resources and social support. The HEMS work can have an emotional impact but HEMS personnel use various coping strategies to deal with this. The perceived need for organizational support and follow-up care is low among participants.Conclusion:This study identifies factors and strategies that support the wellbeing of HEMS personnel. It also provides insight into the HEMS work culture and help-seeking behavior in this population. The findings may be beneficial to understand and support employee wellbeing in other emergency services work contexts as well.

Friends, peers and safeguarding

Friends, peers and safeguarding

“The profession is just different”: Why noncareer and career firefighters have different experiences with critical incidents, and the role of informal peer support in processing them.

“The profession is just different”: Why noncareer and career firefighters have different experiences with critical incidents, and the role of informal peer support in processing them.