Influence Visitor Research Articles

Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Fasilitas Terhadap Kepuasan Pengunjung Pada Kolam Jati Alam Asri Kalianda

Businesses in the tourism services sector are very promising, many entrepreneurs are opening tourism services businesses. Therefore, providing services will increase dedication for the better, namely with the aim of creating visitor satisfaction with the services provided, so that visitors will feel satisfied when visiting the tourist attraction. This research aims to determine the influence of service quality on visitor satisfaction at the Jati Alam Asri Kalianda Pool. To determine the influence of facilities on visitor satisfaction at the Jati Alam Asri Kalianda Pool. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling technique, the sample used was 96 respondents while the analytical tools used were multiple linear regression analysis, classical assumption test, t test, F test and coefficient of determination (R2). Based on the results of this research, it is known that the coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.395, it can be said that 39.5% of the variables of service quality (X1) and facilities (X2) influence visitor satisfaction, while the remaining 60.5% is due to the influence of other variables that are not covered in this research. The results of the F test showed that the calculated F value was 32,066, while the F table at the 5% significance level was 3.09. It turned out that the calculated F was greater than the F table, so the ho or null hypothesis was rejected so that it was concluded that the service quality (X1) and facility (X2) variables had jointly significant influence on visitor satisfaction. The results of the t test analysis show that the service quality variable has a positive and significant influence on visitor satisfaction and the facility variable has a positive and significant influence on visitor satisfaction.

What Is the Perceived Environmental Restorative Potential of Informal Green Spaces? An Empirical Study Based on Visitor-Employed Photography

Informal green spaces (IGSs) play an essential role in enhancing urban well-being by offering restorative environments, yet the impact of visitor behaviors on perceived restorativeness (PR) remains underexplored. This study investigates how different spatio-temporal behaviors influence PR in IGS, providing urban planners with actionable insights to optimize these spaces for better user experiences. Using a visitor-employed photography (VEP) survey and post-visit PR assessments, K-means clustering was applied to identify distinct visitor behavior patterns. Correlation analysis further explored the relationships between these patterns and PR; the results reveal three unique clusters of visitor behaviors—fast, extensive exploration; moderate, focused exploration; and slow, thorough exploration—each showing distinct impacts on PR. Visitors who engage in rapid, broad exploration perceive larger, navigable spaces as more restorative, while those focusing on specific or in-depth exploration emphasize psychological aspects like escape and fascination. These behavioral patterns demonstrate varying strengths in their association with restorative experiences; This study underscores the importance of integrating spatio-temporal behavior data with PR assessments, highlighting how the physical and psychological features of IGS influence visitor experiences. These findings offer critical insights for designing and managing IGS to accommodate diverse user needs and promote urban well-being.

Touristic Learning Behaviors and Outcomes in Theme Parks: The Role of Activity and Affectional Contexts

ABSTRACTExisting studies have highlighted the significance of touristic learning; however, few have explored the effectiveness of different learning contexts. This study employs a combination of spatial–temporal behavior analysis and survey research to investigate how activity context (static vs. interactive) and affectional context (positive vs. negative) influence visitors' spatial–temporal behaviors and learning outcomes in zoological theme parks. The results indicated that interactive contexts are more effective than static contexts in extending visitors' duration of stay, increasing the diversity of venues explored, and enhancing both emotion and learning outcomes of visitors. The moderating effect of affectional context is significant, with the positive context notably enhancing emotion and learning outcomes of visitors associated with the interactive context. Additionally, visitors' emotion played a mediating role in the relationship between activity contexts and learning outcomes. These empirical findings offer valuable practical implications for the design of educational experiences within theme parks.

Sustainable pathways: understanding the interplay of environmental behavior, personal values, and tourist outcomes in farm tourism

The burgeoning growth of farm tourism necessitates a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationships between environmental behavior, personal values, and visitor outcomes, emphasizing the imperative for sustainable practices and stewardship within these settings. The current study seeks to develop an integrative model to understand how power conservation and eco-logically aware behavior influence visitors’ ecological vision, sense of responsibility, well-being, and attachment outcomes, encompassing both place and product. Employing a structured questionnaire, data were gathered from farm tourists in Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia, and the structural model was analyzed using regression and mediation analyses to unravel the complex interactions among key variables. Results revealed that power conservation practices significantly contribute to visitors’ sense of responsibility for environmental protection, while ecologically aware behavior predicts a profound ecological vision. However, the structural equation model did not reveal significant mediation effects on well-being. The findings suggest the importance of targeted energy-saving initiatives and experiential activities to enhance ecological awareness. Integrating well-being considerations into sustainability programs and adopting transparent communication strategies can enrich the overall visitor experience, fostering a sustainable and fulfilling form of tourism.

Relationships Between Theme Park Ride Experience and Loyalty: The Moderating Role of Past Experience

ABSTRACT Understanding the relationship between theme park ride experiences and visitor loyalty is crucial yet still not fully elucidated, particularly regarding differences between first-time and repeat visitors. Drawing upon the experience economy framework and the theory of experienced utility, this study explores how various aspects of theme park ride experience (education, aesthetics, entertainment, and escapism) influence visitor loyalty (revisit and recommendation intentions), considering the moderating effect of past experience. Structural equation modeling and invariance tests were conducted on data collected from 412 theme park visitors in China. Results indicate that the four dimensions of theme park ride experience have varying impacts on patrons’ revisit and recommendation intentions. Additionally, first-time visitors’ intentions are more influenced by active participation experiences compared to repeat visitors. This study advances the theoretical knowledge of theme park ride experience and offers practical implications for park management.

Wildlife charisma and pro-environmental behaviour：A perspective from self-transcendent emotions theory

The pro-environmental behaviour (PEB) of visitors is critical to wildlife and habitat conservation. Using self-transcendent emotions theory, this study extends the literature on PEB in terms of wildlife charisma. This study specifically investigates the impact of wildlife charisma on PEB by addressing the mediating role of the emotional experience of awe and moderating role of literary association. Data were collected from 364 domestic tourists who visited a red-crowned crane reserve in China, which find that awe mediates the impact of wildlife charisma on PEB. Findings suggest that literary association plays a positive moderating role on the relationship between wildlife charisma and awe. This study not only verifies the original theoretical framework of self-transcendent emotions but also enriches the understanding of the factors that prompt the experience of awe through natural beauty within this framework. By introducing literary association, it offers a more comprehensive explanation of the relationship from appreciating beauty to experiencing awe. Wildlife reserve managers should not only emphasize the natural beauty of animals but also consider the connection between relevant wildlife and local cultural elements. This can guide people to appreciate the beauty of red-crowned crane and, in turn, influence visitors’ PEB.

A Survey on the Potential of Artificial Intelligence Tools in Tourism Information Services

Recently, ChatGPT, an advanced AI language model, has transformed the tourism industry by redefining how travelers access information and experience destinations. This survey explores the multifaceted potential of ChatGPT in various sectors of the tourism domain. The study begins by addressing the ethical considerations related to AI and natural language processing, emphasizing the necessity of privacy and data security in ChatGPT interactions. It analyzes the recent research findings, demonstrating ChatGPT’s efficacy in translating languages for tourists and improving services. The technology’s impact on tourism education and research is explored, highlighting its disruptive effects, benefits, and challenges, particularly in academic contexts. The paper delves into ChatGPT’s influence on the hospitality and tourism sector, focusing on its role in customer interactions, backend operations, and research methodologies. Additionally, it examines ChatGPT’s implications for content creation, visitor motivations, cultural perceptions, and regional tourism management. These insights shed light on ChatGPT’s potential to enhance customer experiences, influence visitor behaviors, and bridge cultural gaps in diverse tourism contexts. Concluding with preliminary guidelines for ChatGPT adoption, this paper equips industry professionals with essential knowledge to leverage the technology effectively. By embracing ChatGPT, the tourism industry can provide travelers with more informed, personalized, and immersive experiences, thus enhancing overall satisfaction and engagement during their journeys.

Death, Ghosts, and Spiritual Tourism: Conceptualizing a Dark Spiritual Experience Spectrum for the Paranormal Market

Paranormal tourism is a lucrative market offering visitors the opportunity to engage with enchanting experiences and stories in destinations around the world. Specifically, ghost tourism connects people to the dead (and death) through dark narratives, supernatural legends, and participatory experiences. Previous scholarship has suggested that ghost tourism exhibits characteristics of dark tourism (by visiting dark places) and spiritual tourism (by engaging in spiritual practices); however, this relationship has not been fully explored. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to consider where the experiential and motivational characteristics of dark, spiritual, and paranormal tourism converge, and to consider whether this convergence produces a dark spiritual experience for consumers. Three dimensions are identified as contributing towards the degree of dark experience offered by ghost tourism: place, promotion and production, and participation. To conclude, a Dark Spiritual Experience Spectrum is proposed, illustrating the characteristics of each dimension and their influence on the degree of dark spiritual experience offered to consumers. It is argued that these dimensions have the potential to impact the tourist experience, influence visitor motivations, and, consequently, drive an evolving paranormal market.

Preference for Animals: A Comparison of First-Time and Repeat Visitors

Wildlife tourism is one of the strongest-performing sectors in the global tourism market. While tourists’ preferences for and affection towards animals are a cornerstone of the industry, a better understanding of how experiences, including animal–tourist encounters and visitation frequency, influence visitors’ animal preferences is required. Through a comparison of preferences among first-time and repeat visitors of four species (giant panda “Ailuropoda melanoleuca”, red panda “Ailurus fulgens”, peafowl “Pavo cristatus”, and swan “Cygnus”), both before and after animal encounters at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding (Panda Base), the results show that different species elicit varied and, at times, contrasting tourist preferences. As a result, animal preferences in wildlife tourism can vary based on different stages of visitation. Highlighting this dynamic relationship between animal preferences and visitation experiences is further elucidated through consumer learning theory and lively capital. The outcomes of this study contribute to a deeper grasp of human–animal interactions and have broader implications for the development of conservation programs in captive wildlife venues.

Visitors’ eco-innovation adoption and green consumption behavior: the case of green hotels

PurposeGreen hospitality studies have not adequately focused on the diffusion of eco-innovative hotels amongst visitors. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying green hotel attributes that influence visitors’ adoption of eco-friendly hotel and their intentions to partake in green initiatives.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a mixed-method approach to explore the drivers of customers’ green hotel adoption and consumption. In the qualitative phase, data were collected via 20 open-ended interviews and analyzed to derive a measurement scale. The scale was then tested through a survey comprising 500 respondents using structural equation modelling.FindingsThe study results elucidate how guests’ visit intentions and green consumption behavior is built through their perception of newness and uniqueness of eco-innovative attributes. Findings shed light on how green hotel’s sustainable communication and corporate social responsibility outreach efforts positively influence guest visit intentions.Research limitations/implicationsStudy results reveal perceived eco-innovativeness as an important antecedent of visit intentions. Based on guest’s preferences, green hotels striving to increase its visitors’ base could begin by expanding their eco-innovative attributes.Originality/valueContrasting previous studies that have exclusively used the theory of planned behavior constructs, this study argues that diffusion of innovation constructs also offer valuable insights into guests’ visit intentions. While existing studies have covered limited number of eco-innovative attributes, this study adds to the literature by presenting a comprehensive set of attributes including trustworthiness of communication and observability of its social impacts.

THE ROLE OF MOBILE APPS IN DESTINATION MARKETING AND BRANDING

Since the turn of the millennium, mobile applications have played an increasingly mportant role in destination marketing and branding. Official destination apps are specific media channels designed to communicate the unique characteristics of a destination and influence visitors’ perceptions of the place. To date, no prior research has been carried out to analyse the use of destination mobile apps in Romania. The current paper tries to fill in this gap in the literature and provide an analysis of destination mobile apps of Romanian counties using a revised framework based on literature review and earlier studies.

Exploring the impact of functional, symbolic, and experiential image on approach behaviors among state-park tourists from India, Korea, and the USA

This study provides insights into the influence of state park image, visitor emotions, and place identity on visitors’ revisit intentions by considering the moderating impact of national culture. A quantitative process with the data collected in India, Korea, and the US was used. Hierarchical regression analysis evidences the moderating role of national culture, which is hardly explored in the state park context. Results confirm that most hypotheses are fully or partially accepted, which suggests that brand image and national culture influence visitor intention. This study helps practitioners better understand the relevance of national culture in developing appropriate visitor attraction/retention strategies.

Utilization of GPS Data Loggers and GIS Analysis for the Evaluation of Interpretive Signage to Influence Visitor Travel Patterns and Enhance Wayfinding in Parks and Protected Areas

Interpretive signage is often used to influence visitor travel patterns and assist in wayfinding in parks and protected areas. However, there are few tools for managers to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of different interpretive signage. This study was conducted to demonstrate the utility of using GPS data loggers as an evaluative tool to determine if signage influences visitor concentrations, visitors’ time allocation, and visitor travel directionality. Researchers distributed GPS data loggers to all travel parties who voluntarily participated. Analysis revealed that GPS data loggers and complimentary GIS analysis were useful for evaluating the influence of different signage treatments on visitor patterns of use, location of use, and timing of use. These findings suggest that managers tasked with interpretation and visitor orientation consider using GPS trackers and GIS to better understand their visitors’ and plan where to focus messaging and interpretive efforts to meet managerial goals and objectives.

Visitors’ Interaction in an Experiential Designed Environment: A Case Study of a Multimedia Gallery

Currently, there has been a shift in the built environment in creating engaging exhibition spaces such as museums and galleries. This is a challenge nowadays as the creation of digital exhibition spaces depend largely on technological content and devices. Issues arise where visitors may not perceive the intended environment. It is seen that this sense of change needs further study on visitors’ perception and behaviour as users of the space. Experiential design deals with human interaction with the built environment. The objective of this study is to observe how visitors’ behaviour and interaction are influenced by the experiential design concept. A case study is conducted at a local gallery with selected visitor profile of young adults and adults with art and design background. The investigation is done based on the case study guideline, mapping out setting, and timing and tracking observation method to gauge visitors’ perception and action in a multimedia gallery. Eighty visitors were observed throughout the three-day exhibition from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Data collected answers the research question: how does the experiential design concept influence visitors’ behaviour and interaction in a multimedia gallery? The findings are beneficial to understand gallery visitors’ needs in achieving fulfilling interactive and engaging experience. From the observation done, it is identified that multimedia galleries incorporated with experiential design elements build meaningful experiences through the five senses, promotes a sense of place and well-being as well as the allowance for visitors to be more confident in approaching tools and devices that are unfamiliar to them. Curators, designers and artists will gain from this research in designing better interactive environment. The research limitation is the visitor age group which is the young adults and adults’ age group, as well as the single case study done.

Natural heritage tourism: does co-creation matter?

ABSTRACT Using a mixed-methods approach, this study investigates value co-creation within the context of natural heritage tourism. It focuses on those visiting the largest lake-water cave in the world: Alisadr, Iran. Semi-structured interviews (n = 22) were conducted to explore visitor experiences, complemented by a face-to-face questionnaire (n = 850) investigating the relationships among perceptions of value co-creation, leisure involvement, perceived experience value, satisfaction, and braggart word-of-mouth. The findings demonstrate that perceived value co-creation, leisure involvement, and perceived experience value influence visitor satisfaction and braggart word-of-mouth, with theoretical and managerial implications provided by way of conclusion.

Defining the “Hip Factor”: Analysis of Location Properties, SNS Usage, and Other “Hip-Place” Characteristics That Influence Visitor Satisfaction

A “hip place” (a shop, neighborhood, communal outdoor space, district, etc.) offers something unique, lively, and attractive to people. Business areas that are considered hip places often gain popularity through social network services, especially among young people. However, the recent decline of “hip” businesses has led to increased closure rates for small businesses and increased social costs individually and nationally. The purpose of the study was to clarify the characteristics that allow for the sustainability of hip businesses and the surrounding areas. This study analyzed location properties, SNS usage, and other “hip-place” characteristics that influence visitor satisfaction and explored the implications. A survey was directly conducted among millennials aged 20–39 years in the popular Eulji-ro 3 and 4 districts of Seoul, Korea, a place to gain popularity as a new “hip place”. This study focused on a comparison of factors influencing visitor satisfaction between users and non-users of Instagram and how Instagram usage behavior and location characteristics affect visitors’ “hip-place” satisfaction. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted; overall satisfaction was the dependent variable, and the location characteristics and Instagram usage behavior were independent variables. The results showed a difference in the satisfaction factors between Instagram users and non-users among hip-place visitors. Customer satisfaction included walking safety, cultural event experience, preference for a new place, quality, service, atmosphere, photo conformity, and uploading frequency. The results provide empirical evidence and implications for the management of future commercial areas and businesses considered as “hip places”.

Effects of environmental sound quality on soundscape preference in a public urban space

A public urban space is undoubtedly one of the key elements in urban planning. It allows citizens with different backgrounds to freely accesses for various healthy, social, or individual reasons. User experience of the space is hence valuable data for the improvement of urban land use. This study aims to investigate how the environmental sound quality influence visitors' soundscape perceptions, preferences, and behavior. Multidimensional acoustic characterization, in terms of a series of acoustic and psychoacoustic metrics, of the acoustic environment were conducted in the five locations at Sha Tin Park of Hong Kong. Meanwhile, self-administrated questionnaires were distributed to the visitors in the locations to collect the subjective data. Total 150 visitors were surveyed. The results indicated that the visitors’ loudness and satisfaction perceptions were associated with the maximum sound levels (LAmax and Nmax) instead of the time-equivalent sound levels (e.g. LAeq and Neq) of the environment. Moreover, it was found that the higher degree of satisfaction was predicted if the visitors perceived a more quiet and pleasant soundscape. In addition, the preferences for soundscape elements could be classified into the three principal components “Natural sounds”, “Human-made sounds”, and “Mechanical sounds”. Furthermore, visitors had a greater overall preference for a good soundscape when they perceived a more pleasant soundscape, had a higher preference for natural sounds, and had a higher visit frequency of the park. These findings consolidated the knowledge on further environmental management and designs of public urban spaces to fulfil the public expectation.

Engaging More Effectively With Visitors to Coastal Regions for Improved Management Outcomes: Insights From the Ningaloo Coast, Australia

A key component of successful coastal management efforts is an effective communication and engagement strategy focused on raising awareness of a region to different stakeholders to encourage more pro-environmental behaviors. Accordingly, in recent times there has been a proliferation of research focused on improving engagement and communication with different users of the coastal environment. Despite this effort, a paucity of evidence is available to guide better communication and engagement with visitors (i.e., tourists). Addressing this knowledge gap is critical given the adverse impacts of current global coastal tourism on ecosystem health, and projected future increases in coastal tourism. Using a case study of the Ningaloo Coast World Heritage Area (WHA) in Australia, we contribute toward filling this gap by identifying visitors’ perception of the region and their self-reported and intended pro-environmental behaviors. We also identify the types of information they access and trust, and explore whether different message framings on the value of the WHA influence visitors’ intended pro-environmental behavior. We determine that although visitors to the Ningaloo Coast WHA are optimistic about the future sustainability of the region, they have low understanding of the rules and regulations in place to support its management. Further, we find that visitors consider tourism to be a serious threat to the future of the region. However, most participants in our study considered the quality of their own environmental behavior to be high, and thus not contributing to these threats, although this did differ by gender. Finally, we highlight that visitors to the Ningaloo Coast WHA, for the most part, obtain their knowledge of the region during their visit, primarily through local signage and visitors centers. We discuss the implications of these results, and highlight future considerations for coastal managers when developing visitor-focused communication and engagement strategies.

Understanding the causes of negative tourism experiences

ABSTRACT The extant literature on destination attributes has seldom focused on negative tourism experiences. Considering that negative tourism experiences result in undesirable future behaviours, destination managers and researchers must understand the factors that influence tourists’ negative experiences. Therefore, this research examined the destination attributes that influence visitors’ negative experiences. A total of 298 travelogues were analysed via an a priori approach. We identified 16 destination attributes that result in negative tourism experiences, including safety, price, quality of service, environment, physiography, culture and history, infrastructure, accessibility, hospitality, variety of activities, weather, food, tourist information, unethical business practices, regulations and customs, and visitor management. The chi-square and correspondence analysis results show that these destination attributes differ by contextual factors, such as the travel destination (domestic or international) and travel type (independent or package tour). Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed based on the study results, and directions for future research are provided.

How Festival Experience Quality Influence Visitor Satisfaction? A Quantitative Approach

Abstract The purpose of research presented in this paper is to determine how selected characteristics of a city event affect the satisfaction of visitors. In particular, the aim is to identify factors related to event atmospherics that determine visitor satisfaction in the city destination in continental part of Croatia. For this purpose, questionnaire was created based on previously conducted research by Bitner (1992), Oliver (1980, 1997), Baker and Crompton (2000), and Lee, Lee, Lee, and Babin (2008). It comprised measures for assessing event atmospherics, visitor satisfaction, and demographic characteristics of the respondents. The research was conducted among visitors of a city event that takes place every year during December 2018. A total of 191 questionnaires were obtained during the one-month period. Principal component analysis was utilised to determine the factor structure of city event atmospherics. In addition, multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine which factors may serve as predictors of visitor satisfaction in city event context. As a result, the analyses revealed four factors related to city event atmospherics. In addition, these factors positively and significantly affected visitor satisfaction, indicating that they have important role in determining visitor satisfaction in a city event context. These findings can contribute to the knowledge advancement of the city events, their influence on tourist satisfaction, and consequently, to better understand specific groups of visitors as well as establish efficient marketing and promotion strategies.