Influence Of Supporting Electrolyte Research Articles

Influence of Supporting Electrolyte on Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Performance: Catholyte

Alkaline or hydroxide exchange membrane water electrolysis (HEMWE) is a promising technology for green hydrogen production using platinum group metal-free catalysts and stainless steel, an advantage of alkaline water electrolysis (AWE), and a gas-impermeable membrane, a parallel to proton exchange membrane electrolysis (PEMWE). However, the HEMWE requires supporting electrolytes and there is minimal understanding of their role on the respective reactions. Without SELs, HEMWE performance and durability are worse than PEMWE systems. Herein, consistently feeding potassium hydroxide anolyte, we systematically study the effects of catholyte SELs in HEMWEs including dry vs. wet operation, cation effects, anion effects, and cation/OH ratios on cell potential and stability. We report that (i) hydration of the cathode improves high current density operation by preventing dehydration of the hydroxide exchange membrane (HEM), (ii) there was no correlation between cation type and cell potential, (iii) cell potential and high frequency resistance did not correlate with SEL conductivity, (iv) cathodic carbonate SEL had a significant negative effect on cell performance, (v) increased cation/OH ratio also caused increased cell potentials. Overall, this study concludes that feeding water or potassium hydroxide solution is desirable to improve the AEMWE performance.

Influence of Supporting Electrolyte on Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Performance: Anolyte

Hydroxide-exchange-membrane water electrolysis (HEMWE) is an emerging hydrogen-production pathway that combines many advantages of incumbent alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) and proton-exchange-membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). Advancement in HEMWE has been accelerated with the development of stable and conductive hydroxide exchange membranes (HEMs) and a more comprehensive understanding of alkaline gas-evolving kinetics. However, performance and durability without supporting electrolytes (SELs) remain inferior to PEMWE and AWE and little is known about the role and impact of the SELs. This study investigates the effects of SELs used as anolyte solutions in HEMWEs including cation-type, anion-type, SEL conductivity and pH, presence of carbonates and increased cation/OH− ratios on cell voltage and stability. We report our findings that (i) cell potential and high-frequency resistance did not correlate with anolyte SEL conductivity, (ii) cation-type influences cell voltage at low current densities (<50 mA cm−2) as predicted by half-cell measurements, (iii) increased cation/OH− ratio causes increased overpotentials, and (iv) carbonates are exchanged in the HEM but removed via self-purging at high current density. Overall, this study concludes that concentrated KOH is still the best SEL.

Influence of Supporting Electrolyte on the Electrocatalysis of CO2 Reduction by Cobalt Protoporphyrin

Influence of Supporting Electrolyte on the Electrocatalysis of CO2 Reduction by Cobalt Protoporphyrin

Anodic Dissolution of Pure Aluminum during Electrocoagulation Process: Influence of Supporting Electrolyte, Initial pH, and Current Density

In this work, effects of some experimental parameters (supporting electrolyte, initial pH, and current density) on aluminum corrosion and anodic dissolution of aluminum during electrocoagulation process were investigated. Potentiodynamic polarization tests, impedance spectroscopy measurements and potentisotatic current density transients were used to evaluate corrosion parameters and verify effects of supporting electrolyte and initial pH on aluminum corrosion. The presence of NaCl and Na2SO4 shifted the corrosion potential toward more cathodic potentials, indicating that corrosion of aluminum is catalyzed by the presence NaCl and Na2SO4. On the contrary, the presence of NaH2PO4 increased the corrosion potential, which indicates that the presence of NaH2PO4 inhibits the corrosion of aluminum. Galvanostatic electrolyses demonstrated that measured concentrations of aluminum exceeded theoretical values calculated using Faraday’s Law. The excess in dissolved aluminum produced during galvanostatic electrolyses...

The Influence of Supporting Electrolyte on Through Hole Filling by Copper Electroplating

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