Influence Of Solute-solvent Interactions Research Articles

Influence of solute-solvent interactions at the crystal-solution interface on the growth and morphology of the nonlinear optical single crystal methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate (p-MHB)

• Solute-solvent interactions at different crystal faces of p -MHB were investigated. • Effect of solvent polarity on growth and morphology p -MHB crystal was revealed. • Solubility and nucleation time from solution with different solvents were studied. • Large dimensional optical quality monoclinic p -MHB single crystal was grown. • Morphological importance of different growth faces of p -MHB crystal was revealed. The influence of solute-solvent interactions was realized at the crystal-solution interface on the end crystal morphology of the nonlinear optical monoclinic methyl- p -hydroxybenzoate ( p - MHB) single crystal when growing from solutions with solvents of different in nature. Polar protic solvents such as methanol and ethanol and polar aprotic solvents such as acetone and ethyl acetate afforded p -MHB single crystals having a prismatic morphology and the nonpolar solvent toluene provided a crystal with columnar morphology. Because of the difference in their polar nature, these solvents show a significant difference in the solute solubility, rate of evaporation, level of supersaturation generated within the solution, time consumed for nucleation and growth rate along different crystallographic directions of the growing crystal. Slow evaporation method was employed for the growth of smaller size p -MHB single crystals from solutions with various solvents and a large dimensional p -MHB single crystal of size 45 × 42 × 62 mm 3 was grown through seeded controlled cooling of the solution method. The results indicate that the nature of hydrogen bonding interactions exists between different crystal faces and the corresponding solvent molecules used in the present study caused a significant change in the end habit and morphology of crystals.

Measurement and thermodynamic analysis of the acid-base equilibria of two bioactive flavanone glycosides in different temperatures and non-aqueous mixtures

In this research, the acid-base properties of two glycosilated flavanones namely naringoside and hesperidin were thermodynamically studied using spectrophotometric and potentiometric techniques at various temperatures (293.15–313.15) K. Because of very low solubility of these flavanones in aqueous solution, the protonation constants were obtained in ethanol-water mixtures (60–90% v/v) containing 0.10moldm−3 tetra-n-butylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) as supporting electrolyte for naringoside and DMSO-water mixed solvents (50–95% v/v) containing 0.10moldm−3 NaCl for hesperidin. Data process for the calculation of the protonation constants was done using the computer program STAR. The thermodynamic quantities (ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) of the protonation process were obtained by means of modified van't Hoff equation. It was found that the acid dissociation reaction is exothermic and the entropic contribution is low for both the flavanones. Finally, the influence of solute-solvent interactions on the protonation equilibria in various temperatures was modelled using Kamlet, Abboud and Taft (KAT) solvatochromic parameters and Hildebrand's solubility index.

Investigation of the Influence of Solute−Solvent Interactions on the Vibrational Energy Relaxation Dynamics of Large Molecules in Liquids

The influence of solute-solvent interactions on the vibrational energy relaxation dynamics of perylene and substituted perylenes in the first singlet excited-state upon excitation with moderate (<0.4 eV) excess energy has been investigated by monitoring the early narrowing of their fluorescence spectrum. This narrowing was found to occur on timescales ranging from a few hundreds of femtoseconds to a few picoseconds. Other processes, such as a partial decay of the fluorescence anisotropy and the damping of a low-frequency oscillation due to the propagation of a vibrational wavepacket, were found to take place on a very similar time scale. No significant relationship between the strength of nonspecific solute-solvent interactions and the vibrational energy relaxation dynamics of the solutes could be evidenced. On the other hand, in alcohols the spectral narrowing is faster with a solute having H-bonding sites, indicating that this specific interaction tends to favor vibrational energy relaxation. No relationship between the dynamics of spectral narrowing and macroscopic solvent properties, such as the thermal diffusivity, could be found. On the other hand, a correlation between this narrowing dynamics and the number of low-frequency modes of the solvent molecules was evidenced. All these observations cannot be discussed with a model where vibrational energy relaxation occurs via two consecutive and dynamically well-separated steps, namely ultrafast intramolecular vibrational redistribution followed by slower vibrational cooling. On the contrary, the results indicate that both intra- and intermolecular vibrational energy redistribution processes are closely entangled and occur, at least partially, on similar timescales.

Rotational isomerism of chloroacetone: Solvent effect

Abstract Infrared absorption intensities of carbonyl bands of chloroacetone CH 3 COCH 2 Cl have been measured in solvents of different polarity at different temperatures. From these data the enthalpy difference, as well as entropy difference of the trans ⇆ gauche equilibrium, has been obtained in each solvent. The influence of solute-solvent interactions on the thermodynamic parameters of this conformational equilibrium is discussed.

Influence of solute-solvent interactions on the behavior of surface layers of surfactants: adsorption of polar surfactants with different chain lengths

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of solute-solvent interactions on the behavior of surface layers of surfactants: adsorption of polar surfactants with different chain lengthsM. Hamdi, D. Schuhmann, P. Vanel, and E. Tronel-PeyrozCite this: Langmuir 1986, 2, 3, 342–349Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/la00069a017RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1003 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

The influence of solute-solvent interactions on the kinetics and stereospecificity of polymerization-the relevance of aromatic solvent shifts observed on the nmr spectrum of methyl methacrylate

The effect of certain aromatic compounds on the PMR spectrum of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was investigated. The magnitude of observed aromatic-induced shifts decreased in the order benzene ⩾ styrene > chlorobenzene ≈ bromobenzene. Assuming that the interaction arises from a stoichiometric 1:1 complex, equilibrium parameters for the MMA-benzene interaction have been estimated. ΔH ± S.E. ( ΔH) = −(8 ± 4) kJ mol −1. These effects are likely to have a small influence on the kinetics of copolymerization with aromatic monomers and polymerization in aromatic solvent. The stereochemistry of the solute-solvent interactions suggests that MMA takes a cis-conformation in solution, which is relevant to the mechanism of stereoregular polymerizations of this monomer.