Influence Of Resistance Training Research Articles

Influence of resistance training on speed among professional soccer players

Influence of resistance training on speed among professional soccer players

Influence of Resistance Training on Designated Bio-motor Fitness Among Volleyball Players in Tribal Students

Influence of Resistance Training on Designated Bio-motor Fitness Among Volleyball Players in Tribal Students

Comment on “Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis”

Comment on “Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis”

Response to Comment on “Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis”

Response to Comment on “Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis”

Influence of Resistance Training Proximity-to-Failure, Determined by Repetitions-in-Reserve, on Neuromuscular Fatigue in Resistance-Trained Males and Females

BackgroundThis study examined the influence of proximity-to-failure in resistance training (RT), using subjective repetitions-in-reserve (RIR) prediction, on neuromuscular fatigue and perceptual responses.MethodsTwenty-four resistance-trained males (n = 12) and females (n = 12) completed three experimental trials in a randomised order, each involving six RT sets (barbell bench press) with 75% 1-RM performed to either momentary muscular failure (FAIL), 1-RIR, or 3-RIR. Changes in lifting velocity with a fixed load were assessed from pre-exercise to post-exercise with the aim of quantifying acute neuromuscular fatigue (4 min post-exercise) and the associated time course of recovery (24 and 48 h post-exercise), and from the first to final set performed. Perceptual responses to RT were assessed at multiple time points during and following RT.ResultsDecreases in lifting velocity at 4 min post-exercise were greater for FAIL ( − 25%) versus 1-RIR ( − 13%) and 3-RIR ( − 8%), with greater decreases for male ( − 29%) versus female ( − 21%) participants following FAIL. At 24 h post-exercise, decreases in lifting velocity were greater for FAIL ( − 3%) and 1-RIR ( − 3%) versus 3-RIR (+ 2%), with all between-protocol differences diminishing at 48 h post-exercise. Loss of lifting velocity from the first to final set was greater for FAIL ( − 22%) versus 1-RIR ( − 9%) and 3-RIR ( − 6%), with a greater lifting velocity loss from the first to final set for males ( − 15%) versus females ( − 9%). As proximity-to-failure neared, ratings of perceived discomfort, exertion, and muscle soreness increased, general feelings worsened, and perceived recovery decreased.ConclusionThese findings support a linear relationship between RT proximity-to-failure and both acute neuromuscular fatigue and negative perceptual responses, which may influence long-term physiological adaptations and adherence to RT.

Influence of resistance training on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a brief review

Arterial hypertension is considered a primary risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. An effective non-pharmacological strategy against arterial hypertension is the practice of physical exercises. However, issues remain about the ambulatory behavior of blood pressure after different training protocols, especially strength exercises. In this sense, the objective of this study was to review and summarize the main results found in the literature that investigated the effects of strength training (isolated and associated with other interventions) on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. A search was carried out in the free databases PubMed, Lilacs and Google Scholar, using the keywords in different combinations. Studies in the English language were considered, which investigated ambulatory blood pressure monitoring after acute strength training, after a period of strength training alone and/or in association with other interventions. To sum up, strength training (isolated and combined) is an essential measure for lowering blood pressure and improving/maintaining vascular health. The combination of different training strategies in a periodized manner can be adopted to generate broader benefits in hemodynamic measurements. An important point that was observed in the studies is that strength training can be implemented as an interesting option for those individuals who cannot do aerobics training, especially for the older people who need to stimulate the neuromuscular system. It can help with other benefits, such as blood pressure control, mood improvement, sleep quality, among others.

The influence of resistance training on muscle strength, irisin concentration, and metabolic parameters in type 1 diabetic patients

Resistance effort has a beneficial effect on muscle mass, body composition, bone density, and cardiac parameters. It is also a modulator of the inflammatory reaction. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of 3 months of resistance training on muscle strength, irisin levels, and metabolic parameters in patients with long-term type 1 diabetes. Eleven type 1 male diabetic patients with low levels of physical activity were recruited, with mean age 38 ± 6 years, body mass index (BMI) 28.4 ± 2.6 kg/m², and diabetes duration 23 ± 7 years. All subjects participated in 60-minute resistance training sessions twice a week, for three months. At baseline and after 3 months in all patients, maximal muscle strength level, serum irisin concentration, metabolic control parameters, and anthropometric measures were assessed. After 3 months there was a statistically significant increase of maximal muscle strength in comparison to baseline. There was no significant change in serum irisin concentration, HbA1c, or other assessed parameters. A 3-month resistance training programme in patients with long-term type 1 diabetes and low level of physical activity significantly affects their maximum strength level. This indicates that people with diabetes are more adaptive to additional loads, which allows them to increase their load faster.

Efeito do treinamento resistido em mulheres com fibromialgia: Um estudo de revisão

A fibromialgia é uma síndrome reumática que causa dor musculoesquelética crônica disseminada, por um período maior que três meses, cujos sintomas são dores nos tecidos moles como músculos, tendões ou ligamentos. O objetivo desta revisão foi analisar estudos que avaliaram a influência do treinamento resistido sobre a saúde de mulheres com fibromialgia. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de estudos publicados entre 2016 e 2020. A busca e seleção dos estudos foi realizada a partir dos termos: fibromyalgia OR fibromyalgia syndrome AND women AND adults AND resistance training. As bases de dados utilizadas na busca foram Pubmed, SciELO, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Inicialmente, foram identificados 1.368 artigos. Após a aplicação do filtro (estudos publicados nos últimos 5 anos), 838 artigos apresentaram relevância, sendo que 604 estavam indexados no Pubmed e 234 na BVS. Destes, 813 artigos foram excluídos após a leitura de títulos e resumos e 25 foram selecionados para leitura na íntegra. Desse total, 14 artigos foram excluídos com justificativa e 11 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Constatou-se que o treinamento resistido é um importante método não medicamentoso capaz de atenuar os efeitos da fibromialgia em mulheres adultas, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida, saúde física e mental. Deste modo, o treinamento resistido contribuiu para a redução da dor e fadiga, melhora do condicionamento físico, aumento da força e resistência, redução da depressão, melhora do humor e da qualidade de vida nos domínios relacionados aos aspectos físicos, sociais, emocionais, mentais e à vitalidade.

The influence of resistance training on neuromuscular function in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Deterioration of neuromuscular function is a major mechanism of age-related strength loss. Resistance training (RT) improves muscle strength and mass. However, the effects of RT on neuromuscular adaptations in middle-aged and older adults are unclear. Randomised controlled RT interventions (≥2weeks) involving adults aged ≥50years were identified. Primary outcome measures were voluntary activation (VA), electromyographic (EMG) activity during maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and antagonist coactivation. Data were pooled using a weighted random-effect model. Sub-analyses were conducted by muscle or muscle group and health status of participants. Sensitivity analysis was based on study quality. P<0.05 indicated statistical significance. Twenty-seven studies were included. An effect was found for VA (standardised mean difference [SMD] 0.54, 0.01 to 1.07, P=0.04), This result remained significant following sensitivity analysis involving only studies that were low risk of bias. Subgroup analyses showed an effect for plantar flexor VA (SMD 1.13, 0.20 to 2.06, P=0.02) and VA in healthy participants (SMD 1.04, 0.32 to 1.76, P=0.004). There was no effect for EMG activity or antagonist coactivation of any muscle group (P>0.05). Resistance training did not alter EMG activity or antagonist coactivation in older adults. Sensitivity analysis resulted in the effect for VA remaining significant, indicating that this finding was not dependent on study quality. Studies predominantly involved healthy older adults (78%), limiting the generalisability of these findings to clinical cohorts. Future research should determine the effects of RT on neuromuscular function in people with sarcopenia and age-related syndromes.

Influence of Resistance Training on Gait & Balance Parameters in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

In this work we aimed to perform a systematic review of randomized controlled trials within an aging population that investigated the general impacts of a resistance training (RT) protocol on key outcome measures relating to gait and/or balance. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines, two electronic databases (PubMed, and Scopus) were searched for randomized controlled trials that measured at least one key outcome measure focusing on gait and/or balance in older adults. 3794 studies were identified, and after duplicates were removed, 1913 studies remained. 1886 records were removed due to the abstract not meeting the inclusion criteria. 28 full-text articles were assessed further, and 20 of the articles were identified as meeting the criteria for inclusion. The remaining 20 studies were assessed for quality using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale; 12 studies remained and were included in this systematic review. Our review suggests that RT has a positive effect on both gait and balance in an elderly population. RT improves gait, specifically straight-line walking speed in older adults. RT is an adequate training method to improve balance in an aging population. Improvements in strength, attributed to RT, may allow for greater autonomy and independence to carry out activities of daily living as we age.

A Short-Term Resistance Training Circuit Improved Antioxidants in Sedentary Adults with Down Syndrome.

Previous studies have found aerobic training improved oxidative damage in people with Down syndrome (DS). However, there is a lack of information regarding the influence of resistance training on redox imbalance in this population. Accordingly, this study was conducted to determine the effect of resistance training (RT) on antioxidant defence system in sedentary adults with DS. Thirty-six male adults with DS were recruited through different community support groups. Eighteen were randomly assigned to perform a circuit RT program with 6 stations, 3 days/week for 12 weeks. Plasma total antioxidant status (TAS), reduced glutathione (GHS), ascorbate, serum α-tocopherol, and erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity were assessed. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl groups (CG) were assessed as markers of oxidative damage. Muscle strength was also measured. Dynamic torque of knee extensors and flexors as well as maximal handgrip strength was significantly improved after the completion of the training program. Plasma levels of TAS and erythrocyte glutathione reductase (GR) activity were significantly increased. Conversely, MDA and CG levels were significantly reduced. It was concluded RT improved antioxidant defence system and reduced oxidative damage in adults with DS. Further, long-term studies are required to determine whether the increased antioxidant system may improve clinical outcomes of adults with DS.

Influence of resistance training in quality of life, body composition, and physical performance of community-dwelling elderly women

Background Aging is an irreversible process by which all living humans will pass, and the percentage of older population growth significantly in the last decades. There are an increasing evidence showing that independently older people, with autonomy and physical capacity, has better quality of life in comparison with others without self-sufficiency. Objective: Verify the changes on Quality-of-Life (QoL), body composition and physical performance (PF) of elderly women submitted to resistance training (RT). Methods: 16 elderly women participated in the study, that consisted in 12 weeks of Resistance training. The QoL with SF-36, the blood pressure (BP), hand-grip strength, anthropometry and physical performance to senior, was measured before and after of resistance training. Results: The main findings of this study were that the RT for 12 weeks are able to changes the self-perception of QoL of elderly women, simultaneously with decrease in percent of fat and increase in strength and PF. In addition, a maintenance of BP levels, flexibility and self-perception of pain and global health (QoL domains), were observed after this period. Conclusion: The study suggest that the 12 weeks of RT, twice a week, is able to ameliorate several physical fitness components and QoL domains, in community-dwelling elderly women.

Influence of resistance training and herbal supplementation on plasma apelin and metabolic syndrome risk factors in postmenopausal women

Menopause is a normal condition that all women experience as they age. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of circuit resistance exercise training with Zataria multiflora (Avishan-e-Shirazi) dietary supplementation on plasma apelin, glucose, insulin, insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance. Ninety-six volunteer postmenopausal women were allocated into 8 groups. Resistance training consisted of 12 stations had been done for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected at pre- and -post intervention. Circuit RT increases apelin and decreases both insulin and blood glucose, whereas Zataria multiflora has no independent effect on apelin but does decrease blood glucose and is likely to be in some means synergistic with circuit RT effects. These results suggest that circuit resistance training augments plasma apelin and decreases both insulin and blood glucose. However, Zataria multiflora has no independent effect on apelin but does decrease blood glucose which is likely to be to some extent synergistic with training effects.

Effects of resistance training on exercise endurance, pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate the influence of resistance training on exercise endurance, pulmonary function and quality of life in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) . Methods Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Database and Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM) were searched for Randomized Controlled Trails (RCT) studying the effects of resistance training in COPD patients from database establishment date to August 2018. Meta-analysis was conducted using Revman 5.3. Results The Meta-analysis result showed that the differences in six-minute walk distance (6MWD) , numbers of turns on 6-minute pegboard and ring test (6PBRT) , forced exhalation volume in one second (FEV1) , the first second forced vital capacity percentage of expected value (FEV1%pre) , forced vital capacity (FVC) , the ratio of the first second forced vital capacity in forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%) between resistance training group and control group were statistically significant (P 0.05) . There may be publication bias. Conclusions Resistance training is effective to improve exercise endurance, pulmonary function, while the effects on quality of life is not significant in patients with COPD. Key words: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Quality of life; Resistance training; Exercise endurance; Meta-analysis

Resistance training and exercise tolerance during high-intensity exercise: moving beyond just running economy and muscle strength.

Resistance training and exercise tolerance during high-intensity exercise: moving beyond just running economy and muscle strength.

Reduced collagen accumulation and augmented MMP-2 activity in left ventricle of old rats submitted to high-intensity resistance training.

Progressive fibrosis is a hallmark of the aging heart. Age-related fibrosis is modulated by endurance exercise training; however, little is known concerning the influence of resistance training (RT). Therefore we investigated the chronic effects of high-intensity RT on age-associated alterations of left ventricle (LV) structure, collagen content, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and extracellular matrix-related gene expression, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Young adult (3 mo) and aged (21 mo) male Wistar rats were submitted to a RT protocol (ladder climbing with 65, 85, 95, and 100% load), three times a week for 12 wk. Forty-eight hours posttraining, arterial systolic and diastolic pressure, LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and dP/dt were recorded. LV morphology, collagen deposition, and gene expression of type I (COL-I) and type III (COL-III) collagen, MMP-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), and TGF-β1 were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. MMP-2 content was assessed by zymography. Increased collagen deposition was observed in LV from aged rats. These parameters were modulated by RT and were associated with increased MMP-2 activity and decreased COL-I, TGF-β1, and TIMP-1 mRNA content. Despite the effect of RT on collagen accumulation, there was no improvement on LVEDP and maximal negative LV dP/dt of aged rats. Cardiomyocyte diameter was preserved in all experimental conditions. In conclusion, RT attenuated age-associated collagen accumulation, concomitant to the increase in MMP-2 activity and decreased expression of COL-I, TGF-β1, and TIMP-1 in LV, illustrating a cardioprotective effect of RT on ventricular structure and function.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrated the beneficial resistance-training effect against age-related left ventricle collagen accumulation in the left ventricle, which was associated with decreased type I collagen (COL-I), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) gene expression and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity. Our findings suggest for the first time the potential effects of resistance training in modulating collagen accumulation and possibly fibrosis in the aging heart.

INSIGHTS INTO THE KEY ROLE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE ON SUCCESSFUL AGING IN OLDER ADULTS

Consensus statements from the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)/American Heart Association and the World Health Organization promote regular physical activity during older adulthood as a means to gain substantial health-related benefits including reducing cardiovascular disease risk, preventing or mitigating functional limitation and fall risks, and serving as an effective therapy for several chronic diseases. Although physical activity cannot stop the aging process, the physiological effects of aging are known to be minimized by regular physical activity. What remains unclear is the best physical activity type (e.g., aerobic vs. resistance), intensity, treatment, and prescription for optimal health of older adults. The objective of this symposium, featuring researchers from the ACSM’s Aging Interest Group & Strategic Health Initiative on Aging Committee, is to share evidence-based knowledge and cutting-edge research on the role of physical activity/exercise in older adults on sarcopenia, psychosocial health, falls prevention, and fatigability. Dr. Hayes will examine the impact of resistance training and nutrition interventions for the treatment of sarcopenic obesity. Dr. Guggenheim will discuss the influence of resistance training on physiologic and psychosocial adaptations. Selection of ideal field-based assessments and designing exercise prescriptions for falls prevention programs will be shared by Dr. Thompson, and the relationship between vigorous physical activity and habitual walking on the reduction and/or preservation of fatigability will be explored by Dr. Simonsick. Together, these presentations will sharpen our understanding of the role of physical activity/exercise on successful aging in older adults.

Inflammation Relates to Resistance Training-induced Hypertrophy in Elderly Patients.

Aging is associated with a gradual loss of muscle mass, which some have suggested to be accelerated by short periods of muscle disuse due to medical illness. We investigated the effect of hospitalization on skeletal muscle mass in acutely ill geriatric patients with focus on the relationship between systemic inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and changes in muscle mass, as well as the influence of resistance training upon muscle mass. Unilateral leg press resistance exercise was conducted daily during the hospital period. Outcomes included changes in whole body and regional lean mass, maximal voluntary contraction of the knee extensors, leg extension power, and functional performance. Activity level was measured using ActivPAL accelerometers, and CRP levels were obtained from blood samples. Sixteen subjects completed the study (eight men and eight women, age = 84.8 ± 1.9 yr, mean ± SE). Lean mass at the midthigh region of the trained leg increased by 2.4% ± 1.1% (P < 0.05) after the intervention period. There was a negative association between changes in midthigh lean mass of the trained leg and CRP (rs = -0.53, P < 0.05). Leg extension power increased significantly in both legs (P < 0.05), with no difference observed between legs. There were no changes in maximal voluntary contraction or functional performance. Muscle mass is not significantly lost during short-term hospitalization of relatively high functioning and active geriatric patients although our findings are potentially affected by changes in hydration status. Resistance training during hospitalization increases skeletal muscle mass, and patients with high levels of systemic inflammation demonstrate less ability to increase or preserve muscle mass in response to resistance training during illness.

Influence of Resistance Training on Neuromuscular Function and Physical Capacity in ALS Patients.

Objectives The present study aimed to explore the effect of resistance training in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a disease characterized by progressive motor neuron loss and muscle weakness. Materials and Methods Following a 12-week “lead-in” control period, a population of ALS patients from Funen, Denmark, completed a 12-week resistance training program consisting of 2-3 sessions/week. Neuromuscular function (strength and power) and voluntary muscle activation (superimposed twitch technique) were evaluated before and after both control and training periods. Physical capacity tests (chair rise and timed up and go), the revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) scores, and muscle cross sectional area (histology) were also assessed. Results Of twelve ALS patients assessed for eligibility, six were included and five completed the study. Training did not significantly affect the ALSFRS-R score, and loss of neuromuscular function (strength and power) increased following the training period. However, an improved functionality (chair rise) and an increase in greatly hypertrophied type II fibres combined with an increase in atrophied fibres following the training period compared to the control period were observed. Conclusion In this small study, the present form of resistance training was unable to attenuate progressive loss of neuromuscular function in ALS, despite some changes in physical capacity and morphology.

The influence of resistance training on the magnitude of change in the resting metabolic rate, program compliance and related obesogenic anthropometric parameters in obese and normal-weight female employees

Obesity is a global health concern affecting all walks of life, with alarming prevalence in South African employees. Various companies have already implemented health promotion programs in order to improve employee health; however research focusing on the effect of a resistance training intervention in order to address obesity among employees is scare. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the influence of resistance training (RT) on the resting metabolic rate (RMR), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and compliance in a group of obese and normal-weight female employees. Seventy-seven pre-menopausal women (25 - 35 years) were recruited and divided into an obese, (BMI ≥ 30) and normal-weight group (BMI ≤ 25.0). Both groups completed a supervised progressive RT program (3 sessions of 40 -50 minutes/week), spread across 12 weeks. Assessments were performed every 4 weeks and results were analysed using the Linear Mixed Model procedure. The normal-weight group (NWG) showed practically significant increases from baseline to 12-weeks in FFM (d = 0.83), RMR (d = 0.58) and exercise compliance (d = 0.58) while the obese group (OG) showed practically significant decreases in WC (d = 0.32) and BMI (d = 0.31). Considering the intra-group % change (baseline to 12-weeks) it is clear that the NWG showed significant increases in RMR (7.0%), FFM (7.8%) and exercise compliance (15.8%) while the OG showed a significant decrease in WC (3.0%) and exercise compliance (9.3%). It seems therefore that the magnitude of change resulting from resistance training (moderate intensity) in NWG differs from that of the OG.