Influence Of Potassium Levels Research Articles

Influence of Potassium Levels and Spacing on Growth and Yield of Summer Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Background: Groundnuts are immensely rich in potassium, calcium, phosphorus and B vitamins which offers you with a host of health benefits. Groundnuts are a great blend of healthy fats, protein and fibre that curbs your appetite, lowers the risk of heart disease and regulates blood glucose levels.
 Objectives: Effects of potassium levels and spacing on growth and yield of summer groundnut.
 Methods: With the goal of studying the effect of potassium and spacing on growth and yield of groundnut under a Randomized block design with 9 treatments (T1-T9) The experimental results revealed that 120 kg N/ha + 60 kg P/ha produced maximum plant height (49.7 cm) No. of Nodules/Plant (106) plant dry weight (22.9) No of pods (19.3) no of kernals (2.7) pod yield (3.62 ta/ha) Halum yield (4.65 ta/ha).
 Conclusion: The combination of 40 kg potassium and 30x10 proved to be the most advantageous to farmers, resulting in, plant height (49.7 cm) No. of Nodules/Plant(106) plant dry weight (22.9) No of pods (19.3) no of kernals (2.7) pod yield (3.62 ta/ha) Halum yield (4.65 ta/ha) respectively.

Influence of potassium levels on one-year outcomes in elderly patients with acute heart failure

BackgroundAbnormal serum potassium levels (K+) in patients with heart failure (HF) relate to worse prognosis. We evaluated whether admission K+ levels predict 1-year outcomes in elderly patients admitted for acute HF. MethodsWe evaluated 2865 patients aged >74 years from the RICA Spanish Heart Failure Registry, classified according to admission serum K+ levels: hyperkalemia (>5.5 mmol/L), normokalemia (3.5–5.5 mmol/L) and hypokalemia (<3.5 mmol/L). We explored whether K+ levels were significantly associated with one-year all-cause mortality or hospital readmission and their combination. ResultsMean admission K+ value was 4.3 ± 0.6 mmol/L; 97 patients (3.38%) presented with hyperkalemia and 174 (6.06%) with hypokalemia. Overall, 43% of the patients died or were readmitted for HF during the follow-up period; the risk was higher for those with hyperkalemia (59% vs 41% in hypokalemic patients). The HR for one-year mortality was 1.43 (p = .073) and 1.67 for readmissions (p = .007) when K+ was >5.5 mmol/L and 1.08 (p = .618) and 0.90 (p = .533) respectively for K+ < 3.5 mmol/L. The HR for the combined outcome was 1.59 (1.19–2.13); p = .002 in hyperkalemic patients and 0.96 (0.75–1.23); p = .751in hypokalemic patients. Multivariate analysis showed a significant association of admission K+ values >5.5 mmol/L with the combined outcome of mortality and readmission (HR 1.15 [95% CI 1.04–1.27], p = .008). ConclusionIn patients hospitalized for decompensated HF, admission hyperkalemia predicts a higher mid-term risk for HF readmission and mortality, probably related to the significant higher risk of readmission.

Incidence, predictors, and outcomes related to hypo- and hyperkalemia in patients with severe heart failure treated with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure but can cause hyperkalemia, which contributes to reduced use of these drugs. Hypokalemia also leads to worse outcomes in patients with heart failure and may be attenuated by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. We assessed incidence and predictors of hyperkalemia (potassium ≥5.5 mmol/L) and hypokalemia (potassium <3.5 mmol/L) and the relationship to outcomes in 1663 patients with class III or IV heart failure and left ventricular ejection fraction <35% randomized to treatment with spironolactone 25 mg or placebo in the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study (RALES) trial. All-cause mortality rates and the influence of potassium levels on the effectiveness of spironolactone were assessed in a landmark analysis and in relation to time-varying potassium levels. After 1 month, mean potassium levels increased in the spironolactone group but not in the placebo group (4.54±0.49 versus 4.28±0.50 mmol/L; P<0.001) and remained elevated during the trial. Although the extremes of hypokalemia and hyperkalemia at 4 weeks were associated with increased risk of mortality in both treatment arms, participants in the spironolactone arm had lower mortality rates at all potassium levels throughout the duration of the trial. The treatment benefit of spironolactone was maintained at least until potassium exceeded 5.5 mmol/L. With appropriate surveillance of potassium and creatinine, the use of spironolactone was associated with less hypokalemia and improved survival in patients with severe heart failure even in the setting of moderate hyperkalemia.

Effect of Potassium Fertility Levels on Gladiolus Yield Quality of Cut Flowers and Corm production

Eight cultivars of Gladiolus “Deciso, Hong Kong, Jessica, Jester Ruffled, Madonna, Peters Pears, Rose Supreme and White Friendship” were evaluated for relative productivity in Peshawar, Pakistan over two years and at three levels of potassium (0, 100 and 200 kg K ha -1 ). There was a considerable variability in yield and quality of cut flowers as well as corm and cormels numbers in the cultivar and year with limited influence of potassium levels. Cultivars irrespective of years and potassium showed significant differences in all vegetative and floral characteristics studied during the experiment. Similarly years affected significantly all the growth parameters except first and last florets persistency and diameter of daughter corms. Potassium levels significantly affected only floret’s size at full open stage, last florets persistency and number of cormels per mother corm. There was a significant interaction between years and cultivars against all growth characteristics except size of first florets at color showing as well as first and last florets persistency. A variation in the effect of potassium levels regarding number of daughter corms and cormels per mother corm of gladiolus cultivars was observed. Last florets persistency was significantly affected by an interaction among years, potassium levels and cultivars. Rose Supreme and Jessica proved superior and were recommended for commercial cultivation in Peshawar, Pakistan.