Influence Of Genetic Parameters Research Articles

Some Problems of Legal Support of Genomic Research in Sports and Application of Their Results

Genomic research on athletes can potentially contribute to the improvement of public policy in the field of sports in the area countering the use of gene doping, as well as the development of the system of sports training. The study has investigated in detail the validity and necessity of genomic research in sports. Thus, the study argues that, despite the impossibility of determining an accurate degree of influence of genetic parameters on the performance of athletes, the presence of certain gene variations determines the value of some characteristics, e.g. speed, endurance, muscle strength, and control over emotions. The development of scientific knowledge about such parameters in the field of sports and physical culture will increase the safety and effectiveness of the training process. However, this will also increase the threat of application of gene doping. However, at the moment in the doctrine no consolidated approach to the methodology of detection of the use of gene doping has been developed. This article presents various approaches to its identification, as well as the potential problems of legal support in the field of genomic research related to the complexity of the public interests concerned. The paper focuses on the study of domestic and foreign approaches to the formation of state policy aimed at ensuring confidentiality of genomic research data. Features related to the storage and use of data are considered on the example of legal regulation of both the full confidentiality of such information and the circumstances suggesting the possibility of allowing others to access such information together with identifying data. As a result, the authors have elaborated potential recommendations to regulate issues of collection, use and storage of genomic data of athletes, as well as features of their regulatory support.

Sélection génétique et bien-être des poulets de chair et des reproducteurs

En prolongement des conclusions du rapport de la Commission européenne de 2000 sur le bien-être du poulet de chair et dans le cadre de la directive 2007/43/CE, la Commission européenne a confié à l’European Food Safety Authority l’élaboration de deux avis scientifiques. L’un concerne l’impact de la génétique sur le bien-être et la résistance au stress des poulets de chair, l’autre l’impact de la gestion de l’élevage et du logement sur le bien-être des reproducteurs grand-parentaux et parentaux. Cette synthèse s’appuie sur le contenu de ces deux avis publiés en 2010, suite à une expertise scientifique réalisée en 2009/2010. Elle précise tout d’abord en quoi les principaux problèmes de bien-être rencontrés chez les poulets de chair (troubles locomoteurs, dermatites de contact, ascites, syndromes de mort subite, mobilité limitée, confort thermique…) peuvent être affectés par la sélection génétique sur une croissance rapide et un indice de consommation faible. La question des interactions génotype-environnement est également abordée. Sont exposés ensuite les principaux problèmes de bien-être rencontrés chez les reproducteurs en se focalisant sur ceux ayant un lien avec la sélection sur la croissance (restriction alimentaire, agressions entre congénères, mutilations…). Enfin, sont présentés les besoins de recherche qui ont été mis en évidence lors de la rédaction de ces avis et les principales conclusions.

Scientific Opinion on the influence of genetic parameters on the welfare and the resistance to stress of commercial broilers

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Characterisation of recombinant CHO cell lines by investigation of protein productivities and genetic parameters

We have generated a recombinant CHO cell line expressing the fusion protein EpoFc. After selection and screening, protein expression, gene and mRNA copy numbers were analysed in order to gain more information on the influence of genetic parameters on the productivity and stability of production cells. Results from semi-quantitative blot methods were compared to quantitative PCR (qPCR) analyses, whose advantage mainly lies in their higher sensitivity, and the cheaper and faster methodology. We developed stable and high producing clones with low gene copy numbers, in contrast to other cell lines where multiple steps of methotrexate amplification have lead to hundreds of copies of inserts with the risk of karyotypic instabilities and decreased growth rates that overcome the benefits of increased productivities. When comparing genetic parameters to productivity, a good correlation of mRNA levels with specific productivity was observed, whereas high gene copy numbers were not always accompanied by high protein expressions. Based on our data derived from a typical example of a cell line development process, genetic parameters are useful tools for the selection of scalable production clones. Nevertheless, a wider range of cell lines has to be investigated in order to implement genetic analyses into a screening process.

Dynamics of Radiation Situation on the Territory of Belarus and Migration of Radionuclides in Different Types of Soils after Chernobyl Catastrophe

A vertical migration of radionuclides Cs, Sr and Pu in soils (in upper 5 cm) of Belarus is given. Influence of genetic parameters of soil for vertical migration of radionuclides is introduced. The main factor of the velocity for radionuclides migration is super humidity. A forecast of vertical migration of radionuclides is made for the year 2016.