Influence Of Electric Field Research Articles

Ionic memristive effects on the nanometre scale in metal oxides: Understanding the process of valence change

Relevance. The relevance of the study is due to the great potential of memristive effects, which are manifested in the change of material resistance under the influence of an external electric field and ionic fluxes. Aim. The aim is to analyse and study the mechanisms of ionic memristive effects, with a detailed consideration of the process of changing the valence of metal cations. Methodology. The work was based on the study of nanometre-sized metal oxides TiO2 and ZrO2. The materials were obtained by synthesis by chemical deposition using high-purity precursors. Results. The obtained results open up wide opportunities for the practical use of ionic membrane effects. The study of ionic memristive effects in TiO2 and ZrO2-based films has shown that the change in resistance occurs due to various mechanisms, including ionic migration, electrochemical reactions, and defect reorganization. Under the influence of an external electric field, a change in the resistance of both materials is observed. In TiO2, the resistance decreases with increasing voltage, while in ZrO2, an increase in resistance is observed. During additional experiments in the temperature range of 25-200 ℃, it was found that temperature significantly affects the ionic membrane effects. With its increase, a noticeable increase in the intensity of these effects in both materials is observed. Conclusions. The use of X-ray diffractometry and infrared spectroscopy revealed that changes in the valence of metal cations in both films occur under the influence of an electric field. The analysis of changes in the X-ray and infrared spectra showed the presence of modifications in the crystal and molecular structure in response to the electric field. In particular, the change in the positions and intensity of the peaks indicates a restructuring of the bonds in the crystal lattice. The paper proposes new studies to expand the understanding of these effects and to consider possible ways to improve membrane devices. The study of ionic memristive effects in TiO2 and ZrO2 is of great practical importance for the development of electronics and the creation of new generations of memristors and neuromorphic systems.

Electric field effect on [Formula: see text] clusters for applications in MOSFETs and DSSCs: a DFT study.

The structural, electronic, non-linear optical (NLO) and spectral properties of [Formula: see text] clusters with [Formula: see text] have been studied under the influence of an external electric field using density functional theory (DFT). The effect of variation in the Hf:Ti ratio on different properties of clusters is investigated. The motivation to study [Formula: see text] clusters lies in the fact that HfTiO thin films have wide applications in various optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices. So, it will be interesting to study the effect of electric field on [Formula: see text] clusters with the variation in the number of Hf, Ti and O atoms. It is observed that out of all the clusters, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the most stable clusters with high values of binding energy and HOMO-LUMO gap. The application of an external electric field on these most stable clusters distorts their geometry and their HOMO-LUMO gap decreases, dipole moment and polarizability increases as the electric field is increased from 0 a.u. to 340 x[Formula: see text] a.u. The applied electric field increases the polar character of clusters due to electron cloud deformation and hence, increases the reactivity of the clusters, thus making these clusters suitable for electrocatalytic reactions. The electric field controlled high values of dielectric constant makes these clusters suitable to be used in the oxide layer of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) with better capacitance. Under the effect of an electric field, the absorption peaks of UV-VIS spectra gets red-shifted. Due to the tuning of absorption spectra from ultraviolet to visible region, [Formula: see text] clusters can be thought of as a good replacement for [Formula: see text] in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The computational study of [Formula: see text] clusters has been performed using DFT. For the ground state of [Formula: see text] clusters, the optimization and frequency calculations have been performed using hybrid B3LYP (Becke three-parameter exchange functional combined with Lee, Yang and Parr correlation functional) functional with LANL2DZ (Los Alamos National Laboratory effective core potentials with Double Zeta atomic set) basis set under hybrid-GGA (generalized gradient approximation). Optimization and frequency calculations have been performed in each case. The excited state calculations have been carried out within time-dependent DFT formalism for a total of 50 excited states. The computational chemistry software package Gaussian 16 along with its graphical interface Gaussview have been employed for the current study of [Formula: see text] clusters.

In situ Raman analysis of reduced-graphene oxide-based electroactive nanofluids

This study investigates the effect of an applied stationary voltage on the vibrational properties of 1 M H2SO4 and H2SO4-based reduced-graphene oxide (rGO) nanofluids, commonly used as electrolytes in electrochemical cells. Our findings indicate that the energy of the symmetric stretching vibrations of H2SO4 remains unaffected by the electric field. However, a slight deviation toward lower energy and an enhancement of Raman intensity are observed in the asymmetric stretching vibration of H2SO4 due to the applied voltage. Furthermore, the addition of rGO to the base fluid produces a significant redshift in the symmetric stretching bands, indicating that the presence of rGO produces important changes at the macroscopic level in the base fluid. Synchronous and asynchronous maps further uncover the positive correlations between the D and G bands as well as between rGO and the base fluid bands. Specifically, the asynchronous map revealed complex dynamics between the rGO and H2SO4 bands and only positive correlations between H2SO4 bands. These results demonstrate the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a non-invasive technique to systematically study the influence of electric fields on the vibrational properties of fluids and nanofluids, which can ultimately lead to the development of significantly more efficient electrochemical cells.

Comparative Analysis of Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) and Traditional Pasteurization Techniques: Comparative Effects on Nutritional Attributes and Bacterial Viability in Milk and Whey Products

With the current upsurge in the desire to foster healthy lifestyles and consume nutritious food products, the food industry has been propelled to develop novel food processing technologies. In our study, we critically evaluated the influence of pulsed electric field (PEF) processing by comparing it to conventional thermal pasteurization protocols—low temperature, long time (LTLT), high temperature, short time (HTST), and microfiltration (MF)—and its ramifications on the nutritional properties inherent in raw milk, which comprises vitamins, whey protein, amino acids, cholesterol, and fatty acids. A significant difference in β-lactoglobulin content was observed in PEF-treated liquid whey samples compared to those treated with high-temperature (HT) pasteurization, where 4.8-fold reduction with a concentration of 0.80 mg/mL was observed. Liquid whey samples treated with PEF, LTLT, HTST and MF retained β-lactoglobulin content, PEF-treated samples yielded 3.85 mg/mL, while HTST, LTLT, and MF-treated samples had β-lactoglobulin content of 3.62 mg/mL, 3.63 mg/mL, and 3.62 mg/mL compared to raw whey control (RWC) at 3.81 mg/mL. The concentrations of nutritional properties, like vitamins (A, D, E), amino acids, cholesterol, and fatty acids, remained approximately consistent across all the pasteurization methodologies. Moreover, the bacterial viability in the context of various pasteurization methodologies was scrutinized, with an absence of colonies observed in whey specimens subjected to thermal pasteurization. PEF-treated samples exhibited a substantial 1.6-log reduction in coliform colony count to less than 4 CFU/mL after curd reduction, in contrast to raw milk samples.

Exploring the influence of external electric fields on the mechanical characteristics of zirconium disulfide nanosheets via density functional theory

The density functional theory is utilized to investigate elastic and plastic properties of zirconium disulfide (ZrS2) nanosheet subjected to a uniform external electric field up to 4 VÅ. In this respect, firstly, unit cell dimensions, bond lengths and bond angles are obtained by optimizing the unit cell of ZrS2nanosheet, and the most stable configuration is considered for the nanostructure accordingly. Then, by applying uniaxial and biaxial tensions on the nanosheet under a uniform external electric field, Young's and bulk moduli are computed, respectively. Finally, the applied strain is extended to the plastic region to evaluate the effect of external electric field on the first and second critical strains. It is shown that applying external electric field results in increasing Young's modulus of the nanosheet. However, the bulk modulus increases up to 2 VÅ and deceases afterwards. Besides, the first and second critical strains, which are respectively used to show the end of harmonic and inharmonic regions, decrease in the presence of the external electric field while the difference between them is not affected by the external electric field. Investigating the elastic and plastic properties of zirconium disulfide under an external electric field is important for both fundamental research and practical applications. It can help us develop new materials with tunable properties, optimize their performance in various devices, and contribute to the development of cutting-edge technologies

Effects of an external electric field on one-phonon resonant and electron Raman scattering in a semiconductor quantum wire

In this work, the influence of an external electric field is studied in two cases: one-phonon resonant Raman scattering and one-phonon electron Raman scattering, processes that occur in a semiconductor quantum wire with cylindrical symmetry and finite potential barriers. Where we have considered that the electric field is homogeneous and transversal to the system axis. To carry out this study, we obtain a mathematical expression for the differential cross-section for both Raman processes, where for one-phonon resonant Raman scattering, intra-band and inter-band optical transitions are considered, while for one-phonon electron Raman scattering, only intra-band optical transitions are considered. Therefore, to determine the electronic states, we use a valid model when the electric field is weak with respect to confinement. In the case of the Fröhlich electron–phonon interaction, we use a model in which the oscillation modes are completely confined, a model that was developed within the framework of a macroscopic continuum model. Then, the singularities present in the Raman spectra and the effect of the electric field on their position and intensity are analyzed. Finally, how the electric field affects the electron–phonon interaction and the selection rules for optical transitions in a semiconductor quantum wire with cylindrical symmetry are shown.

Effect of external electric field on agglomeration characteristics of Cu nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics study

In order to study the effect of electric field on the stability of Cu nanoparticles in water, molecular dynamics method was used to simulate the agglomeration characteristics of Cu nanoparticles. The microscopic agglomeration characteristics of nanoparticles by electric field were analyzed using the distribution and collision of nanoparticles in water at different times, as well as the potential energy, kinetic energy, diffusion coefficient and radial distribution function of the system. The results show that the collision of Cu nanoparticles was inhibited in the presence of both uniform and alternation electric fields. The total potential energy of the system decreases with each collision of particles. When all of the particles are agglomerated, the total potential energy of the system remains constant. According to the radial distribution function, when the electric field intensity increases, the degree of aggregation of water molecules on the particle surface strengthens and then weakens as the electric field strength. Meanwhile, the degree of aggregation decreases with the increasing frequency of the alternating electric field. The effect of electric field frequency on the diffusion coefficient of nanofluid is insignificant. However, as the strength of the electric field increases the diffusion coefficient of the nanofluid decreases, while the resistance coefficient of water molecules increases, and the presence of the electric field inhibits the movement of water molecules. The influence of electric field on the heat transfer and deposition characteristics of nanofluids can be obtained by experiments, but the influence mechanism is difficult to be analyzed by experimental means. The molecular dynamics method also provides a new idea to reveal the influence mechanism of electric field.

Electrospray deposition ofin‐situ UV‐photoactivatedpolyimide films

AbstractIn electrospray deposition, a precursor solution, composed of a solute material in a volatile carrier solvent, is atomized into a spray of charged microdroplets under the influence of a strong electric field. As the droplets are in‐flight, the carrier solvent evaporates, leaving behind the solute material that can be delivered to a target surface to create a film. In this work, we employ electrospray deposition to create films of UV‐photosensitive polyimide. Films were deposited using in‐situ UV exposure, where the in‐flight droplets and deposited material were exposed to UV during deposition. The characteristics of these films were compared to films exposed to UV only after deposition (referred to as post‐UV exposure). The microstructure of the deposited films was notably different for the two exposure modes, in which the in‐situ UV exposed films have a wavy/dimpled surface, compared to the flat and smooth surface of the post‐UV exposed films. However, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the UV activation of the in‐situ UV and post‐UV exposed films was nearly identical. Breakdown testing was conducted to evaluate the dielectric strength of the films. Overall, the in‐situ UV and post‐UV exposed films exhibited similar breakdown strengths of approx. 430–450 V/μm. The use of in‐situ UV exposure cuts in half the processing time for producing thin polyimide films.

Electric field-induced anisotropy in the electronic properties of blue phosphorus/WSe2 heterojunction

In this study, first principle calculations was used to investigate the characteristics of a Blue P/WSe2 heterojunction. Among six potential stacking arrangements, the structure II was identified as the most energetically favorable. And interlayer spacing analyzing shown that a distance of 3.354 Å for the two-layer stack is the most stable configuration. The band structure results demonstrated that the heterojunction possesses an indirect bandgap of 1.12 eV utilizing HSE06 and 0.81 eV utilizing GGA. Upon accounting for spin-orbit effects based on GGA method, the indirect bandgap transforms into a direct bandgap of 1.34 eV. Notably, the valence band maximum (VBM) and conduction band minimum (CBM) mainly stem from P's p orbitals and W's d orbitals, respectively. Moreover, scrutiny revealed that W's d orbitals within WSe2 introduce a spin-orbit coupling-induced splitting of approximately 0.50 eV. By exploring the impact of an external electric field in various directions, strengths, and interlayer distances, it was found the electronic structure of the heterojunction can be manipulated. This capability leads to a broad spectrum of tunable bandgap values. Density of states and population analyses underscore the susceptibility of interactions between outer P and outer Se pz orbitals, to electric field influence. Our research findings have the potential implications for designing adaptable optical and electronic devices.

The Influence of the Atmospheric Electric Field on Soil Redox Potential

Atmospheric electric fields (AEFs) have recently been proposed to link to biogeochemical processes below the Earth’s surface by means of a charge separation. Despite the potential importance of such a process, up to now we almost completely lack the relevant measurements. Here, we extend the database with 2 months of concurrent soil redox and atmospheric electric field measurements. It appears that the changes that occur in the order of days in soil redox are at periods anticorrelated with the logarithm of the positive values of the AEF. However, weather conditions might be driving the anticorrelation rather than a direct link, as the synoptic weather conditions appear to influence soil redox. Soil redox does not respond to changes in the AEF that are of shorter duration, either minutes or several hours, except in some cases of very negative AEFs or very high field strengths in the presence of moderate rainfall. In such a case, the variation in soil redox could be associated with a mechanism that transfers charge to the ground or brings ions towards the ground’s surface. To reach firmer conclusions on the effect of the AEF on soil redox, we need to extend the range of collocated soil redox and AEF measurements so that they cover at least one year.

Effects of electric field and device size on the electron velocity in p-i-n GaAs semiconductor

This paper introduces the investigation of the influence of electric field and device size on the drift velocity of electrons in GaAs semiconductor using ensemble Monte Carlo simulation method under limited size conditions. We employed a GaAs diode device model with p-i-n structure, consisting of p-type and n-type semiconductor layers with uniform size of 20 nm, and a variable-sized intrinsic (i) semiconductor layer in between. We show that in the absence of external electric field, the damped velocity will diminish as the size of the (i) layer ranges from 100 nm to 800 nm. And the damped oscillation period of the electron velocity is a linear function of the device size. Additionally, by examining the maximum value of electron velocity under the influence of an external electric field, our observed results are consistent with those reported by Saraniti et al. (2002) [22] in low electric field below 50 kV/cm; while at higher electric fields, the maximum velocity gradually increased to a saturation value. Furthermore, the maximum velocity vmax is found to follow a simple logarithmic law as a function of i-layer size S as vmax=aln⁡(bS). The coefficients of this relation equation were derived using least-square approximation technique yielding a high determination coefficient R2 up to 0.998.

Low Frequency Magnetic Field Observations of Natural Positive Leaders Featuring Stepwise Propagation

AbstractWe examine the low‐frequency (LF) magnetic pulses recorded for the positive leader in two natural lightning flashes as recorded on the high‐speed video camera. The captured positive leader in both cases propagated in a stepwise manner at least over several milliseconds according to the concurrent sequence of LF magnetic pulses. By comparing with previous studies on positive leaders under different situations, the average inter‐pulse intervals (11.7 and 20.3 μs, respectively) obtained for our natural cases are shorter than that of upward positive leaders in rocket‐triggered (typically >25 μs) and tower‐initiated lightning (62 μs in one case). Hence, the stepwise propagation of positive leaders in natural lightning is likely more frequent than that in object‐induced lightning, reflecting a possible influence of ambient electric field and other meteorological factors on the stepwise feature of positive leader. The stepwise extension might be common for positive leaders developing in various scenarios.

Evaluating an electric field modulated plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition of platinum layers on different substrates

Atomic layer deposition is a key technique for preparing large area uniformity, three-dimensional conformal, and ultrathin films due to its sequential self-limiting saturated chemisorption properties. Electric fields of varying magnitudes and directions were applied on Si, Al2O3, Au, and Ni substrates in Pt plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition processes. Studying the influences of electric fields on the initial nucleation and growth of Pt films on different substrates helps to understand the dynamic knowledge and underlying physical mechanisms so as to obtain ultrathin, continuous films and full control over the morphology and distribution of deposited materials. The XPS results reveal that the Pt coverage rate increases on all substrates with applied voltages. The induced dipole moment causes the (MeCp)PtMe3 molecule to rotate in a certain direction resulting in a more compact arrangement, and the energy generated by electric fields also helps the dissociation of methyl, ethyl, Cp, and MeCp ligands, which greatly mitigate the spatial site resistance effect, thus improving initial monolayer chemisorption efficiency and the Pt coverage. We also find that Pt prefers to grow in the (111) direction due to the increase in adsorption of (MeCp)PtMe3 molecules caused by the gradient forces under electric fields. However, applied electric fields can also influence the morphology by inducing surface diffusion and acting on plasma species.

Insight into What Is inside Swift Heavy Ion Latent Tracks in PET Film.

We present here a novel experimental study of changes after contact electrification in the optical transmission spectra of samples of both pristine and irradiated PET film treated with Kr+15 ions of energy of 1.75 MeV and a fluence of 3 × 1010 cm2. We used a non-standard electrification scheme for injecting electrons into the film by applying negative electrodes to both its surfaces and using the positively charged inner regions of the film itself as the positive electrode. Electrification led to a decrease in the intensity of the internal electric fields for both samples and a hypsochromic (blue) shift in their spectra. For the irradiated PET sample, electrification resulted in a Gaussian modulation of its optical properties in the photon energy range 2.3-3.6 eV. We associate this Gaussian modulation with the partial decay of non-covalent extended conjugated systems that were formed under the influence of the residual radial electric field of the SHI latent tracks. Our studies lead us to suggest the latent track in the PET film can be considered as a variband material in the radial direction. Consideration of our results along with other published experimental results leads us to conclude that these can all be consistently understood by taking into account both the swift and slow electrons produced by SHI irradiation, and that it appears that the core of a latent track is negatively charged, and the periphery is positively charged.

EMEMI: An interference-free mini-incubator with integrated electric and magnetic field exposure for real-time microscopic imaging of field effects.

Uninterrupted microscopic observation and real-time imaging of cell behavior during exposure to the stimulus, for example, electric and/or magnetic fields, especially for periods of several days, has been a challenge in experimental bioelectromagnetics due to a lack of proper gas/temperature conditions outside the incubator. Conventional mini-incubators might suffer from stray fields produced by heating elements. We report an in vitro electric and magnetic fields (EMF) exposure system embedded inside a novel under-the-microscope mini-CO2 -incubator with a unique design to avoid electromagnetic interference from the heating and circulation functions while ensuring the requisite temperature. A unique, reconfigurable array of electrodes and/or coils excited by calculated current distributions among array elements is designed to provide excellent field uniformity and controllable linear or circular polarization (even at very low frequencies) of the EMF within the cell culture. Using standard biochemical assays, long-term cell viability has been verified and compared with a conventional incubator. Cell orientation/migration in three-dimensional culture made of collagen-hydrogels has been successfully observed in vitro, in long-term, and in real-time under the influence of DC electric fields with the device.

State-dependent modulation of low-threshold-current-regulated dendritic Ca2+ response in thalamic reticular neurons with extracellular electric fields

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) neuron provides a novel treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy via the induced electrical field (EFs). However, the mechanisms underlying EF effects remain unclear. This paper investigated how EFs regulate low-threshold dendritic Ca2+ (dCa) response and thus contribute to the input–output relationship of TRN cell. Our results showed that EFs modulate firing modes differently in a neuronal state-dependent manner. At the depolarized state, EFs only regulate the spike timing of a somatic stimulus-evoked single action potential (AP) with less contribution in the regulation of dCa response but could induce the transition between a dendritic stimulus-evoked single AP and a tonic burst of APs via the moderate regulation of dCa response. At the hyperpolarized state, EFs have significant effects on the dCa response, which modulate the large dCa response-dependent burst discharge and even cause a transition from this type of burst discharge to a single AP with less dCa response. Moreover, EF effects on stimulation threshold of somatic spiking prominently depend on EF-regulated dCa responses and the onset time differences between the stimulus and EF give rise to the distinct effect in the EF regulation of dCa responses. Finally, the larger neuronal axial resistance tends to result in the dendritic stimulus-evoked dCa response independent of somatic state. Interestingly, in this case, the EF application could reproduce the similar somatic state-dependent dCa response to dendritic stimulus which occurs in the case of lower axial resistance. These results suggest that the influence of EF on neuronal activities depends on neuronal intrinsic properties, which provides insight into understanding how DBS in TRN neuron modulates epilepsy from the point of view of biophysics.

Modeling the influence of the external electric fields on water viscosity inside carbon nanotubes.

Equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations were performed to explore the effects of external electric fields and confinement on water properties inside various carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Using different GHz electric field frequencies as well as various constant electric field strengths, the radial distribution function and density profile were investigated, by which the impact of the electric fields and confinement on the water structure are revealed. The results indicated water molecules inside the CNT form layered structures due to topological confinement applying external electric fields can disturb this ordered water molecules structure and increase the viscosity of confined water, particularly in the case of CNTs with a radius less than 13.5Å. Conversely, for CNTs with a radius greater than13.5Å, the viscosity decreases under the influence of external oscillating or constant electric fields. How dose the synergism of confinement and external electric fields affect the water properties inside the CNTs?

A modified decomposition method for the analysis of porous triangular fin with a power exponent of thermal properties and magnetic effect

A closed-form solution of the triangular porous fin with a simultaneous variation of power law-dependent heat transfer coefficient, internal heat generation, and surface emissivity parameters under the influence of external magnetic and electric fields is carried out. Darcy’s model has been used to simulate flow in the porous triangular fin with insulated boundary conditions. The governing singular value equation is nondimensionalized and solved by modified Adomian decomposition method (MADM) and the results of MADM are compared with the numerical solution obtained from the finite difference method (FDM) in the limiting conditions. The graphical analysis of the significant power law variation of thermophysical parameters, Hartmann number and important design parameters such as the half-thickness parameter of the triangular fin are performed and physically interpreted. A comparative study has been carried out with multiple power law parameters at different values while other thermophysical parameters were kept at a fixed level and it has been found that fin temperature is highest at higher values of power index parameters. From this study, it has been found that with the increasing value of the Hartmann number as well as the porosity parameter, the efficiency of the triangular porous fin increases rapidly.

Single neurons on microelectrode array chip: manipulation and analyses.

Chips-based platforms intended for single-cell manipulation are considered powerful tools to analyze intercellular interactions and cellular functions. Although the conventional cell co-culture models could investigate cell communication to some extent, the role of a single cell requires further analysis. In this study, a precise intercellular interaction model was built using a microelectrode array [microelectrode array (MEA)]-based and dielectrophoresis-driven single-cell manipulation chip. The integrated platform enabled precise manipulation of single cells, which were either trapped on or transferred between electrodes. Each electrode was controlled independently to record the corresponding cellular electrophysiology. Multiple parameters were explored to investigate their effects on cell manipulation including the diameter and depth of microwells, the geometry of cells, and the voltage amplitude of the control signal. Under the optimized microenvironment, the chip was further evaluated using 293T and neural cells to investigate the influence of electric field on cells. An examination of the inappropriate use of electric fields on cells revealed the occurrence of oncosis. In the end of the study, electrophysiology of single neurons and network of neurons, both differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), was recorded and compared to demonstrate the functionality of the chip. The obtained preliminary results extended the nature growing model to the controllable level, satisfying the expectation of introducing more elaborated intercellular interaction models.

Influence of pulsed electric field on thawing of frozen pork: Physical properties, fat oxidation and protein structure

This study explored the effects of constant-voltage pulsed electric field thawing (CV-T) and constant-current pulsed electric field thawing (CC-T) on electrical characteristics, temperature distribution and qualities of porcine longissimus dorsi muscle, considering air thawing (AT) and water immersion thawing (WT) for the comparison, additionally making fresh meat (FM) as the control. The results demonstrated that the impedance of pork decreased rapidly from -20 to -8 °C, while the changing trend slowed down from -8 to 0 °C; higher frequency was conducive to lowering its impedance and to the thawing. In terms of the effect, pulsed electric field thawing reduced the duration by 33% to 85%, avoiding the loss significantly (P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference in cooking loss (P>0.05). CC-T indicated better temperature uniformity than CV-T, and consistently maintained the surface temperature difference at 0.3 - 9 °C. Therefore, CC-T significantly reduced water migration, muscle damage as well as protein and fat oxidation during the process (P<0.05), meanwhile maintaining colour, water retention and texture properties of the muscle. Circular dichroism and fluorescence spectrometry indicated that CC-T significantly reduced cross-linking, aggregation and sedimentation of myofibrillar proteins (P<0.05) with more stable secondary and tertiary structures than other treatments. In addition, microstructural observations showed that CC-T reduced muscle damage owing to ice crystal rapid melting. Therefore, CC-T could improve the thawing speed, temperature rise uniformity, and quality of pork, which demonstrates the potential of the CC-T method for application.