Inferior Vena Cava Reconstruction Research Articles

Treatment of a penetrating inferior vena cava injury using doctor-helicopter emergency medical service and direct-to-operating room resuscitation in Korea: a case report

Inferior vena cava (IVC) injuries can have fatal outcomes and are associated with high mortality rates. Patients with IVC injuries require multiple procedures, including prehospital care, surgical techniques, and postoperative care. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman who stabbed herself in the abdomen with a knife, resulting in an infrarenal IVC injury. We shortened the transfer time by transporting the patient using a helicopter and decided to perform direct-to-operating room resuscitation by a trauma physician in the helicopter. The patient underwent laparotomy with IVC ligation for damage control during the first operation. The second- and third-look operations, including previous suture removal, IVC reconstruction, and IVC thrombectomy, were performed by a trauma surgeon specializing in cardiovascular diseases. The patient was discharged without major complications on the 19th postoperative day with rivaroxaban as an anticoagulant medication. Computed tomography angiography at the outpatient clinic showed that thrombi in the IVC and both iliac veins had been completely removed. Patients with IVC injuries can be effectively treated using a trauma system that includes fast transportation by helicopter, damage control for rapid hemostasis, and expert treatment of IVC injuries.

A novel two-stage approach to the treatment of renal cell carcinoma with intra-cardiac tumour extension and Budd-Chiari syndrome.

To present the early results of a new technique for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma with intra-cardiac tumour extension and Budd-Chiari syndrome. The first stage involves transdiaphragmatic debulking of the right heart, inferior vena cava (IVC) and hepatic veins via median sternotomy, followed by a purse-string suture placed in the IVC below the hepatic veins. The second stage is performed separately and involves en bloc resection of the affected kidney, and IVC and vascular reconstruction via an abdominal incision. Three of five patients presented with clinical Budd-Chiari syndrome; two had radiological features only. The median time between surgical procedures was 12 days (IQR 13 days). Four of the five patients had a R0 resection. While all five patients successfully completed both operative stages, one patient died 22 days after the second stage. Of the remaining four, all survive with no disease recurrence. While we continue to compile longer-term data for a larger follow-up series, these preliminary findings show the feasibility of this technique and support the development of this programme of surgery.

Reconstruction of Inferior Vena Cava by Autologous Great Saphenous Vein Grafts in Liver Surgery.

To secure surgical margin for hepatic lesion with involvement of the inferior vena cava (IVC), combined radical liver resection and IVC replacement are required. A novel method of replacing IVC by newly customized autologous great saphenous vein (GSV) grafts was introduced by this study. This study aimed at reporting the feasibility and outcome of this novel technique. From January 2014 to January 2021, all consecutive patients who underwent concomitant hepatectomy and IVC replacement by autogenous GSV graft were enrolled in this study. Technical insights, intraoperative details, demographic data, postoperative complication, graft patency and survival data were collected and analyzed. Concomitant hepatectomy/autotransplantation (ERAT) with IVC replacement by autogenous GSV graft was successful in 47 patients and there was no 30-day mortality. There were 8 out of the 47 patients whose retrohepatic venae cavae were completely invaded by the lesion and their reconstructed IVCs were totally made from GSV grafts. The other 39 patients whose IVCs were partially invaded had their IVCs reconstructed by both the unaffected part of the IVC wall and newly customized GSV graft. Postoperative complications classified as Clavien-Dindo grade II, III A and III B were observed in 10, 7 and 3 patients, respectively. The median follow-up months were 35months (29-80months). No patient developed thrombosis of the graft and 100% patency of the IVC was observed throughout the study. In selected patients, hepatectomy/ERAT with IVC replacement by autogenous GSV graft is safe and feasible. The newly customized autologous GVS graft was ideal for reconstruction of the IVC in liver surgery.

V03-07 ROBOTIC INFERIOR VENA CAVA GRAFTING AND RECONSTRUCTION

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023V03-07 ROBOTIC INFERIOR VENA CAVA GRAFTING AND RECONSTRUCTION Matthew Lee, Aeen Asghar, David Strauss, Naveen Krishnan, and Daniel Eun Matthew LeeMatthew Lee More articles by this author , Aeen AsgharAeen Asghar More articles by this author , David StraussDavid Strauss More articles by this author , Naveen KrishnanNaveen Krishnan More articles by this author , and Daniel EunDaniel Eun More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003241.07AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Although oncologic applications of the surgical robot have become commonplace, its true strength is showcased via complex reconstructive procedures, such as central vessel vascular reconstruction. We demonstrate two cases of inferior vena cava (IVC) robotic assisted laparoscopic (RAL) reconstruction using synthetic grafts. METHODS: First, we show a 78-year-old male with cT3b right renal mass undergoing RAL radical nephrectomy and IVC thrombectomy. After interaortocaval dissection, the right renal artery is divided and the left renal vein, suprarenal IVC, and infrarenal IVC are clamped. The mass invaded a 5-centimeter portion of the IVC, necessitating segmental IVC resection. A 6-centimeter PTFE interposition graft was anastomosed to the IVC to re-establish vascular continuity. Next, a 43-year-old female with an OptEaseTM IVC filter that had eroded through the IVC, deviating the right ureter, required IVC reconstruction. The IVC was clamped proximally and distally. A cavotomy was made and the filter was removed piecemeal. After anterior IVC excision, an 8-centimeter segment of PTFE graft was sutured to the defect as an onlay patch graft. RESULTS: IVC cross clamp time was 108 and 132 minutes, respectively. Length of stay was 6 and 5 days, respectively. Neither patient had any vascular based complications and were discharged home. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that RAL management of complex IVC pathologies requiring IVC reconstruction with synthetic grafts may be safe, feasible, and effective. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e247 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Matthew Lee More articles by this author Aeen Asghar More articles by this author David Strauss More articles by this author Naveen Krishnan More articles by this author Daniel Eun More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

The Use of Extracorporeal Circulation to Facilitate the Resection of a Large Retroperitoneal Sarcoma With Major Vessel Involvement: A Single-Center Review of 20 Cases

To describe the introduction of extracorporeal corporeal oxygenation (ECMO) to facilitate the surgical resection of large retroperitoneal sarcomas involving major vessels and to report preliminary outcomes. A case series. At a tertiary university hospital and state sarcoma center. Patients undergoing retroperitoneal sarcoma resection requiring inferior vena cava (IVC) reconstruction between June 2018 and March 2022. ECMO for retroperitoneal tumor resection requiring IVC reconstruction. A total of 20 patients underwent ECMO-assisted retroperitoneal sarcoma resection and IVC reconstruction. The median age was 60.5 years (IQR 48-69); 15 women and 5 men. The median procedure and ECMO durations were 10.8 hours (IQR 8.5-12.4 hours) and 2.2 hours (IQR 62-218 minutes), respectively. The median intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay were 4 days (IQR 3-5 days) and 21 days (IQR 14-31 days), respectively. All 20 patients received packed cell transfusions (median 8 per patient [IQR 4-14]); 11 patients required fresh frozen plasma, 6 required platelets, and 11 required fibrinogen supplementation. One patient required recombinant activated factor VII. Sixteen patients experienced acute kidney injury, with 12 patients progressing to chronic kidney disease. Three patients were required to return to the operating room within 7 days, with no returns within the first 24 hours. There was no in-hospital or 30-day mortality. Survival at 3 years was 84%. ECMO for resecting large retroperitoneal tumor resection was introduced successfully and facilitated satisfactory outcomes for many patients who might otherwise have been considered too high risk.

Patency outcomes of primary inferior vena cava repair in radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy

ObjectiveThe reconstruction of inferior vena cava (IVC) during radical nephrectomy and venous tumor thrombectomy (RN-VTT) is mostly performed with primary repair or with a patch/graft. We sought to systematically evaluate the outcomes of IVC patency over short- to intermediate-term follow-up for patients undergoing primary repair of IVC and to assess the association with survival. MethodsA retrospective review of patients undergoing RN-VTT between January 2013 and August 2018 was conducted. Patients were followed until death, last available follow-up, or March 2022. The patency outcomes and IVC diameters were studied using follow-up cross-sectional imaging. The χ2 test, Student t test, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used. ResultsSeventy-seven patients were included. The mean age was 59.2 ± 12.2 years and 45.4% had Mayo classification level III thrombus or higher. At a median follow-up of 36.5 months (13.3-60.7 months), the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 64%. Sixty patients underwent primary repair of the IVC and 48 of these patients were assessed for IVC patency. Ten patients (20.8%) developed caval occlusion, either from recurrent tumor (8.3%), new-onset bland thrombus (8.3%), or stenosis (4.2). The IVC patency seemed to be a significant predictor of OS (hazard ratio, 2.85; P = .021). Although the IVC diameters decreased significantly at the 3-month postoperative scan at the infrarenal (P = .019), renal (P < .001), and suprarenal (P < .001) levels, they did not decrease further on long-term follow-up imaging. ConclusionsIVC reconstruction with primary repair results in an overall patency rate of 80.2% with only a 4.0% rate of stenosis. Recurrence of tumor thrombus (8.3%) or bland thrombus (8.3%) are the predominant reasons for IVC occlusion after RN-VTT, and this outcome is associated with poor OS.

[P02] Inferior Vena Cava Reconstruction: A Single Centre Experience

<h3>Objective</h3> Inferior vena cava (IVC) stenting is carried out for symptomatic chronic IVC stenosis or occlusion, and for the treatment of malignant IVC obstruction. The patency of IVC stents placed for both acute on chronic and chronic venous occlusion was determined. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was completed on all patients who underwent technically successful IVC stenting for treatment of symptomatic venous outflow obstruction or stenosis between February 2015 and November 2021. All patients had standard pre-operative work up, including venography ± intravascular ultrasound for chronic cases, and followed standard anticoagulation and surveillance programmes post-procedure, unless there was malignant disease. <h3>Results</h3> Sixteen patients underwent IVC stenting. Seven cases (43%) presented acutely with deep vein thrombosis and chronic underlying IVC stenosis or occlusion. Five cases (31%) were for symptomatic malignant external IVC compression. In four cases (25%), kissing iliac stents were placed into the IVC to treat infrarenal IVC disease. The remainder required single stents in the IVC, or were combined with double barrelled iliac stents. Re-intervention occurred in four cases (25%) for in stent thrombosis. Primary patency was 75%, and primary assisted patency was 88%. Stenting the IVC in all cases for malignant obstruction gave symptomatic relief. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Stenting of the occluded/atretic IVC may require additional access from the right internal jugular vein. Stenting above and across the renal veins did not cause any additional complications in this series. Stenting of the IVC is safe, and can give significant improvement in symptoms in patients with limited alternative options for treatment.

Lower Limb Weakness due to Spinal Venous Congestion in Chronic Inferior Vena Cava Occlusion: A Case Report.

A 31 year-old male presented with a long history of reduced sensation and motor function in his lower limbs upon waking every morning, lasting 30-50 minutes during which he was unable to ambulate. He was involved in a severe road traffic accident as a child, and was born prematurely requiring prolonged neonatal hospitalisation. Both duplex ultrasonography and magnetic resonance venography identified an occlusion of the IVC, with patent common femoral and iliac veins draining into large spinal collaterals. No other cause was identified for his symptoms. After appropriate multidisciplinary team discussion and patient counselling, the patient proceeded to have endovenous recanalization of his IVC and common iliac veins with dedicated venous stents. Post-operatively, the patient reported an immediate resolution of neurological symptoms, with an improvement in quality of life questionnaire scores and with stent patency at 9-month follow up. IVC occlusion with symptomatic spinal venous congestion is a rare condition which may be successfully treated with endovascular iliocaval recanalization, although long-term outcomes of this treatment are still unknown.

Left hepatectomy with suprahepatic inferior vena cava resection and reconstruction under veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case report

BackgroundCurative surgery is the most effective treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). When an ICC involves the suprahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC), hepatectomy with suprahepatic IVC resection and reconstruction is challenging. For reconstruction of the suprahepatic IVC, total hepatic vascular exclusion (THVE), veno-venous bypass, and/or in situ hypothermic portal perfusion are required, but mortality and morbidity remain high.Case presentationWe present a 73-year-old woman with mass-forming ICC which invaded the suprahepatic IVC and middle hepatic vein. Left hepatectomy, suprahepatic IVC resection, and reconstruction with an artificial graft were successfully performed during veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) to maintain blood pressure. While clamping the IVC diagonally, the right hepatic vein confluence could be preserved. No congestion in the right liver was seen; therefore, there was no requirement for the Pringle maneuver or THVE during reconstruction. No morbidity or mortality was seen after surgery.ConclusionsHepatectomy with suprahepatic IVC resection and reconstruction under V-A ECMO can be performed safely. When an ICC invades the suprahepatic IVC, V-A ECMO during resection and reconstruction of the suprahepatic IVC with an artificial graft is recommended as one of the options.

Partial Inferior Vena Cava Reconstruction with Cryopreserved Aortic Homograft Following Resection for Malignancy.

Malignant invasion of the inferior vena cava (IVC) often necessitates complete tumor thrombectomy and IVC reconstruction. Bovine pericardial xenografts and prosthetic grafts are frequently used for partial or entire IVC reconstruction with adequate subsequent patency and freedom from thrombosis. Cryopreserved aortic homografts represent an alternative conduit for vena cava replacement with resistance to infection in contaminated fields or following extensive retroperitoneal dissection. Specific reports of aortic homograft use for IVC reconstruction are scarce. Described are 2 cases of cryopreserved aortoiliac artery allograft use for long segment cava patch repair while avoiding extensive caval reconstruction, mobilization and the need for renal vein and hepatic vein re-implantation.

Approaches to reconstruction of inferior vena cava by ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation in 114 patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis

BACKGROUNDHepatic alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is most commonly found in retrohepatic inferior vena cava (RHIVC). Ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation (ELRA) can better realize the radical resection of end-stage hepatic AE with severely compromised hepatocaval confluences, and reconstruction of the affected vessels. Currently, there is a scarcity of information regarding RHIVC reconstruction in ELRA.AIMTo propose reasonable RHICV reconstruction strategies for ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation.METHODSWe retrospectively summarized the clinical data of 114 patients diagnosed with hepatic AE who treated by ELRA in our department. A total of 114 patients were divided into three groups according to the different reconstruction methods of RHIVC: Group A with original RHIVC being repaired and reconstructed (n = 64), group B with RHIVC being replaced (n = 43), and group C with RHIVC being resected without reconstruction (n = 7). The clinical data of patients, including the operation time, anhepatic phase, intraoperative blood loss, complications and postoperative hospital stay, were analyzed and the patients were routinely followed up. The normally distributed continuous variables were expressed as means ± SD, whereas the abnormally distributed ones were expressed as median and analyzed by analysis of variance. Survival curve was plotted by the Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTSAll patients were routinely followed up for a median duration of 52 (range, 12-125) mo. The 30 d mortality rate was 7.0% (8/114) and 7 patients died within 90 d. Among all subjects, the inferior vena cava (IVC)-related complication rates were 17.5% (11/63) in group A and 16.3% (7/43) in group B. IVC stenosis was found in 12 patients (10.5%), whereas thrombus was formed in 6 patients (5.3%). Twenty-two patients had grade III or higher complications, with the complication rates being 17.2%, 16.3%, and 57.1% in the three groups. The average postoperative hospital stay in the three groups was 32.3 ± 19.8, 26.7 ± 18.2, and 51.3 ± 29.4 d (P = 0.03), respectively.CONCLUSIONELRA can be considered a safe and feasible option for end-stage hepatic AE patients with RHIVC infiltration. The RHIVC reconstruction methods should be selected appropriately depending on the defect degree of AE lesions in IVC lumen. The RHIVC resection without any reconstruction method should be considered with caution.

Characterizing Tumor Thrombus Arising from Non–Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

BackgroundRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) can exhibit a unique vascular tropism that enables tumor thrombus extension into the inferior vena cava (IVC). While most RCC subtypes that form tumor thrombi are of clear cell (cc) histology, non–clear cell (ncc) subtypes can also exhibit this unique growth pattern. ObjectiveTo characterize clinicopathologic differences and survival outcomes among patients with IVC tumor thrombus arising from ccRCC versus nccRCC. Design, setting, and participantsPatients diagnosed with IVC tumor thrombus secondary to RCC in our institutional experience from 2003 to 2021 were identified. Outcome measurements and statistical analysisClinicopathologic characteristics were compared by histology. Perioperative and oncologic outcomes including recurrence-free (RFS), overall (OS), and cancer-specific (CSS) survival were assessed using multivariable Cox regression analyses. Results and limitationsThe analyzed cohort included 103 patients (82 ccRCC and 21 nccRCC). There were no significant differences in baseline demographic parameters. Patients with nccRCC were more likely to have regional lymph node involvement (42.9% vs 20.7%, p = 0.037). No differences in perioperative outcomes, IVC resection, or IVC reconstruction were observed between groups. The median follow-up time was 30 mo. The median RFS was 30 (nccRCC) versus 53 (ccRCC) mo (p = 0.1). There was no significant difference in OS or CSS. This study was limited by its small sample size. ConclusionsPatients with IVC tumor thrombus arising from ccRCC and nccRCC exhibit similar perioperative and oncologic outcomes. While surgical appropriateness was not impacted by histologic subtype, multimodal strategies are needed to improve outcomes for patients with tumor thrombus. Patient summaryRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) can uniquely invade vasculature and form a tumor thrombus. This study examined the difference in outcomes of patients with tumor thrombus based on RCC subtype (clear cell vs non–clear cell). We found that patients exhibited similar surgical and survival outcomes regardless of RCC type.

En Bloc Resection of Right Renal Cell Carcinoma and Inferior Vena Cava Tumor Thrombus Without Caval Reconstruction: Is It Safe to Divide the Left Renal Vein?

IntroductionIt has been suggested that inferior vena cava (IVC) reconstruction following resection of retroperitoneal tumors with IVC tumor thrombus (TT) is not required when adequate collateral circulation is present. There are no reports evaluating mid-term effects on renal function in these patients. The purpose of this study was to assess renal function after en bloc resection of right renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with obstructing IVC TT and the possible risks that may arise after left renal vein division.Materials and MethodsA bi-institutional retrospective review was performed over a 15-year period, assessing patients with right RCC and obstructing level II–IV TT. All patients underwent extensive evaluation and cardiology clearance, and informed consent was obtained for right radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy with or without IVC reconstruction with possible cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, intraoperative factors, complications, length of stay, and patient survival were evaluated. Preoperative creatinine was recorded, as was creatinine on the day of discharge and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively.ResultsTwenty-two patients were included in the study. Median age at surgery was 62.5 (range: 45–79) years, and 19 (86%) of the patients were men. One patient (5%) had a level II thrombus, 14 patients (64%) had a level III thrombus (IIIa, n = 3; IIIb, n = 6; IIIc, n = 3; IIId, n = 2), and seven patients (32%) had a level IV thrombus. Intraoperatively, median estimated blood loss was 1.35 (range: 0.2–25) L. The median length of hospital stay was 11 (range: 5–50) days. Median preoperative creatinine was 1.20 (range: 0.40–2.70) mg/dl, and postoperatively, median creatinine was 1.3 (range: 0.86–2.20) mg/dl. Median creatinine levels at 6 months and 12 months postoperatively were 1.10 (range: 0.5–1.8) mg/dl and 1.40 (range: 0.6–2.0) mg/dl, respectively. Four patients died (range: 0.1–1.3 years), and median postoperative follow-up among the 18 ongoing survivors (at last follow-up) was 1.5 (range: 0.5–7.0) years.ConclusionsResection of right RCC with an obstructing level II–IV TT without reconstruction of the IVC appears to not have a significant adverse effect on mid-term renal function after division of the left renal vein.

Modified cavocavostomy technique for deceased donor liver transplantation

Rationale. The refinement of liver transplantation technique, the development and implementation of new surgical technologies into clinical practice, including those for inferior vena cava reconstruction, are important for the improvement of surgery outcomes.The study purposes were to present our own modification of cavocavostomy and options for its technical implementation in deceased donor liver transplantation, as well as to study the clinical effects and the impact of new surgical technique on the outcomes.Material and methods. A retrospective, single-centre study included the data from 109 consecutive deceased donor liver transplantations performed between 2012 and 2021. In 106 procedures, inferior vena cava reconstruction was performed either according to the classic technique (group 1, n=23, 22%), or using our own modification of cavocavostomy (group 2, n=83, 78%). To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of the new surgical technique, we compared the characteristics of donors and recipients, intraoperative parameters, features of early postoperative course, incidence of surgical complications, initial function, immediate and long-term graft survival. Three piggyback procedures were not included in the comparative analysis.Results. Two groups were generally comparable in terms of the characteristics of donors and recipients, however, the classic inferior vena cava was significantly more often used during transplants for unresectable parasitic liver lesions (17% vs. 1%, p=0.008) and retransplantations (30% vs. 5%, p=0.002). There were no statistically significant differences in the main intraoperative parameters between groups 1 and 2. The duration of transplantations was 8.0 h (interquartile range: 6.5–8.5 h) and 7.0 h (interquartile range: 6.0–8.0 h), p=0.112; anhepatic phase lasted 70 min (interquartile range: 60–75 min) and 70 min (interquartile range: 59–90 min), p=0.386; warm ischemia time was 45 min (interquartile range: 38–52 min) and 45 min (interquartile range: 38–50 min), p=0.690; inferior vena cava was clamped for 47 min (interquartile range: 40–55 min) and 50 min (interquartile range: 40–55 min), p=0.532. The volumes of intraoperatively transfused blood components were, respectively: packed red cells 630 ml (interquartile range: 0–1280 ml) and 600 ml (interquartile range: 0–910 ml), p=0.262; blood reinfusion 770 ml (interquartile range: 360–1200 ml) and 700 ml (interquartile range: 0–1200 ml), p=0.370; fresh frozen plasma 2670 ml (interquartile range: 2200 and 3200 ml) and 2240 ml (interquartile range: 1880–2900 ml), p=0.087.When using classic caval reconstruction technique, the proportion of grafts with early dysfunction was higher: 44% vs. 17% (p=0.011), due to the higher rate of retransplantations in this group. The incidence of acute kidney injury (by RIFLE &gt; I) was 35% and 19% (p=0.158), the need for renal replacement therapy was 22% and 15% (p=0.520) in group 1 and group 2, respectively. The total incidence of surgical complications in the early postoperative period was 30% and 16%, p=0.110.Conclusions. The proposed technique of cavocavostomy can be considered as a priority method for caval reconstruction during deceased donor liver transplantation, with the exception of specific indications for the use of the classic technique (retransplantation, involvement of the inferior vena cava wall in a parasitic process or presentation of a tumor node to it, as well as in cases of widespread adhesive process in the abdominal cavity, hypertrophy of the 1 segment of the native liver, the presence and location of TIPS, thinning of the wall of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava, the risk of graft compression with its large size).The choice of the cavocavostomy variant should be carried out taking into account the size ratio of the graft to the recipient's right subdiaphragmatic space, and the topography features of the recipient's hepatic veins.

Extended left hepatectomy with inferior vena cava reconstruction and veno-venous bypass for alveolar echinococcosis (with video).

Extended left hepatectomy with inferior vena cava reconstruction and veno-venous bypass for alveolar echinococcosis (with video).

Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic IVC Treatment Strategy in Retroperitoneal Tumors.

ObjectivesTo show the practice of robot-assisted laparoscopic inferior vena cava (IVC) treatment strategies in patients with retroperitoneal tumors.Patients and MethodsFrom October 2020 to July 2021, 17 patients with retroperitoneal tumors successfully underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic tumor resection with IVC management. The patient details, tumor characteristics, intraoperative data, pathological features and severe complications were assessed. The IVC treatment strategies were divided into 4 ways: ①local resection and primary repair of the IVC; ②IVC ligation; ③ IVC reconstruction by bovine pericardial grafts; and ④ IVC transection and anastomosis.ResultsIn terms of IVC management, 5 cases had conventional total occlusion of the IVC and its branches, 3 cases had delayed occlusion of the proximal IVC technique, 2 cases had IVC resection by Satinsky clamp, 5 cases had IVC ligation, 1 case had IVC reconstruction by bovine pericardial grafts and 1 case had IVC transection and anastomosis. The median operation time was 151 min, and blood loss was 500 ml. There was no severe complication perioperatively. The follow-up time of 17 patients was 8 to 17 months (median: 12 months). No local recurrence or overall death was found during follow-up.ConclusionsThese robot-assisted laparoscopic IVC treatment strategies were considered to be safe and feasible in experienced centers, as well as helpful to completely remove the tumor for better oncological prognosis and restore the blood reflux of IVC as much as possible to ensure fewer postoperative complications.

Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Resection Without Reconstruction for a Large IVC Leiomyosarcoma

BackgroundRetroperitoneal tumours arising from the inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare tumours often requiring large vessel resection for complete surgical excision. Limited exposure to such tumours often discourages surgeons from offering surgical resection to these patients, depriving them of the only potentially curative modality. We present here the surgical technique for resection of a large IVC sarcoma without IVC reconstruction. MethodsA 53-year-old lady presented with a large retroperitoneal sarcoma encasing the infra-hepatic IVC with tumour thrombus extension into the hepatic cloaca as well as the left renal vein. Surgical resection was planned as the disease remained stable after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with adriamycin and ifosfamide. ResultsComplete surgical excision of the tumour was achieved by performing a resection of the entire length of infra-hepatic IVC and right kidney, without IVC reconstruction. Left renal vein was divided after careful preservation of a draining collateral. Tumour thrombus was extracted from the hepatic cloaca, and proximal IVC stump closure was achieved with preservation of right hepatic vein insertion. Total blood loss during the procedure was 2300 mL, and the patient recovered without compromise of renal function or development of lower limb oedema. ConclusionIVC resection without reconstruction can be safely performed for large retroperitoneal sarcomas involving major vascular structures. Familiarity with the retroperitoneal, retro-hepatic and supra-hepatic anatomy is paramount to achieving good surgical outcomes.

PD56-05 SHORT AND INTERMEDIATE TERM INFERIOR VENA CAVA PATENCY OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY AND VENOUS TUMOR THROMBECTOMY FOR RENAL CELL CARCINOMA

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022PD56-05 SHORT AND INTERMEDIATE TERM INFERIOR VENA CAVA PATENCY OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY AND VENOUS TUMOR THROMBECTOMY FOR RENAL CELL CARCINOMA Harshit Garg, Furkan Dursun, Robert Cooper, Hanzang Wang, Michael Liss, Ahmed Mansour, Ahmed Mansour, Robert Svatek, Ronald Rodriguez, Dharam Kaushik, and Deepak Pruthi Harshit GargHarshit Garg More articles by this author , Furkan DursunFurkan Dursun More articles by this author , Robert CooperRobert Cooper More articles by this author , Hanzang WangHanzang Wang More articles by this author , Michael LissMichael Liss More articles by this author , Ahmed MansourAhmed Mansour More articles by this author , Ahmed MansourAhmed Mansour More articles by this author , Robert SvatekRobert Svatek More articles by this author , Ronald RodriguezRonald Rodriguez More articles by this author , Dharam KaushikDharam Kaushik More articles by this author , and Deepak PruthiDeepak Pruthi More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002636.05AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The reconstruction of inferior vena cava (IVC) during Radical nephrectomy (RN) with venous tumor thrombectomy (VTT) is mostly done using primary closure or with a patch/graft. However, literature on patency after IVC reconstruction during RN is limited. We sought to evaluate the outcomes of IVC patency over short to intermediate term follow-up. METHODS: A retrospective review of all patients undergoing RN with VTT from January 2013 to August 2018 was conducted. Patients were followed until death, last available follow-up or September 2021.The patency outcomes were studied using follow-up cross-sectional imaging. All patients were placed on aspirin 81mg for up to 1 year. Chi-Square test, Student’s t-test, and Kaplan Meier survival analysis was employed. RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients undergoing RN with VTT were included. Of these, one patient underwent stapling off IVC and was excluded. Of 76 patients, the mean (SD) age was 59.3(12.2) years. The mean Charlson comorbidity index was 6.2(2.5). Majority of the patients had right sided tumor (59.2%) and 46.2% had Mayo Classification Level III thrombus or higher. Twenty (26.3%) required veno-venous/cardiopulmonary bypass and 85.5% had clear cell RCC. The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 3.9%. In terms of IVC reconstruction, 62 patients (81.5%) had IVC reconstruction, of which 59 patients (95.2%) underwent primary closure. At a median(IQR) follow-up of 20 (6-49) months, 21.5% patients developed caval occlusion. The 5-year IVC patency rate (IQR) was 77% (62%-87%). Supradiaphragmatic thrombectomies were associated with 44.4% caval occlusion rate as compared to 13.3% in infra-diaphragmatic thrombectomies (p=0.021). Among those with no patency, 5(8.1%) had recurrent tumor, 4 (6.4%) had recurrent thrombosis, and 2 (3.2%) developed fibrosis. The median 5-year overall survival (IQR) was 36% (23-50%). [Figure 1a] The median time (IQR) for caval occlusion was 8.5(3.5-20) months. [Figure 1b] No variable predicted caval patency. Patients who developed caval occlusion had significantly worse survival (HR=3.59, p=0.004) as compared to those without caval occlusion. CONCLUSIONS: Primary caval repair results in high patency rates however among those who occlude survival is diminished. Source of Funding: None © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e955 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Harshit Garg More articles by this author Furkan Dursun More articles by this author Robert Cooper More articles by this author Hanzang Wang More articles by this author Michael Liss More articles by this author Ahmed Mansour More articles by this author Ahmed Mansour More articles by this author Robert Svatek More articles by this author Ronald Rodriguez More articles by this author Dharam Kaushik More articles by this author Deepak Pruthi More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

En bloc excision of giant polycystic liver with hepatic cava and its auto-transplant caval reconstruction as a safe surgical procedure for liver transplantation.

Safely excising a giant liver while leaving the hepatic inferior vena cava intact is difficult. Hata et al. present images and videos describing their novel technique consisting of total hepatectomy including the hepatic cava; extracorporeal retrieval; and auto-transplant inferior vena cava reconstruction, for an extremely enlarged polycystic liver weighing 24 kg.

Outcomes of inferior vena cava reconstruction using artificial or autologous materials in ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation

BackgroundThe use of artificial or autologous materials for inferior vena cava (IVC) reconstruction is controversial. This study retrospectively explored the effects of different materials on perioperative outcomes. MethodsThis study included 91 patients who underwent IVC reconstruction during liver autotransplantation between 2014 and 2020. A univariate analysis was performed to select variables affecting postoperative morbidity. The effect of IVC reconstruction materials on perioperative outcomes was tested with a multivariable generalized linear model. The effects on postoperative morbidity and operation time were further tested with the multivariate regression analysis based on the generalized estimating equation. Adjusted models were used in all analyses. ResultsA median operation time of 710 (633–790) min, a median blood loss of 2200 (1550–3000) mL, an incidence of 33% (30/91) for major morbidities and a median comprehensive complication index (CCI) of 0.0 (0.0–26.2) were observed, with no IVC reconstruction-related complications postoperatively or in the long term. The IVC reconstruction material had no significant effect on postoperative outcomes, while artificial materials significantly increased inpatient cost (191 ± 35 vs. 164 ± 36 k Yuan, p < 0.001). The multivariate regression revealed a significant shift in outcomes of operation time (p = 0.0368). DiscussionArtificial grafts are recommended for IVC reconstruction if cost is not a factor.