Inexperienced Persons Research Articles

Healthcare Professional’s Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitude toward Patients’ Data Privacy and Security in Clinical Research

Introduction: The privacy and security of healthcare information are essential to maintaining good patient-physician relationships, protecting individuals’ interests, and respecting their dignity and worth. This study assessed healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) knowledge, awareness, and attitudes toward patients’ data privacy and security in clinical research. Methods: The study consisted of a cross-sectional survey in which 108 HCPs’ awareness and knowledge of HIPAA and NCBE rules and regulations were measured, followed by an in-depth semistructured interview to explore HCPs’ attitudes and perspectives. The study was conducted between January and May 2022. Results: Most participants agreed that the IRB/REC rules and regulations strengthened participants’ trust in the researchers, enhanced confidentiality, and improved the privacy and security of patients’ information. HIPPA knowledge was affected by prior participation in research (β: 1.16; p = 0.001) and NCBE knowledge by working on a research project (β: 0.87; p = 0.001), years of work experience (β: 0.35; p = 0.003), and age (β: −0.28; p = 0.04). Participants believed that the nature of research, involvement of inexperienced persons, and human errors could affect patients’ privacy and security in clinical research, which could be improved by limiting the number of personnel who access the data, continuous education, and sending reminders about the rules and regulations. Conclusions: Patients’ data privacy and security remain vital to clinical research. HCPs realize the role of IRB/REC to maintain data privacy and security. Enrollment of HCPs in clinical research and continuous education could improve HCP knowledge of regulatory rules.

Harnessing the Power of Smart Devices for On-the-Go Education

This take a look at explores the dynamics of on-the-go education facilitated by means of smart devices, specializing in participant demographics, clever device utilization patterns, alternatives for academic apps, and perceptions of advantages and challenges. A numerous sample of 300 participants spanning diverse instructional ranges and genders engaged in a quantitative survey. Descriptive information discovered that clever gadgets are regularly used for training, with E-Books being the most favored app category. Participants recounted the advantages of flexibility and accessibility, but highlighted restrained peer interplay as a challenge. These findings underscore the need for innovative approaches to decorate collaboration in on-the-pass schooling. The have a look at's implications inform educators, designers, and technologists in adapting practices for the evolving needs of modern inexperienced persons.

Influence of the Operator`s Experience, Working Time, and Working Position on the Quality of the Margin Width: In Vitro Study

Background and Objectives: Appropriate tooth preparation is mandatory to obtain a perfect marginal fit of fixed restorations. The heavy chamfer is the most commonly used finish line, especially for minimally invasive tooth preparation. The aim of the study was to compare the width of the finish line obtained during tooth preparation performed by experienced (university lecturers) and inexperienced persons (dental students) in different working times and positions. Materials and Methods: Forty left upper-second molars were prepared on the simulator by each participant, totalizing 160 prepared teeth. A new round-end tapered diamond was used to obtain the 0.5 mm width of the heavy chamfer. The prepared teeth were photographed using a Canon D5300 camera with a macro lens attached to a tripod. The measurements were made with the Image-Pro Insight software selecting the same eight reference points. From these points, perpendicular lines were drawn above the finish line to the axial walls and the distance between the chamfer's outer edge and the axial wall's inner edge was measured. GraphPad Instat and NCSS Dowson Edition software were used. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) were calculated. The used tests: one sample t-test, ANOVA test, and Tukey-Kramer Multiple Comparisons Test. Results: Statistically significant differences were obtained according to the experience of the participant, preparation time, patient's position, and the chamfer width on the prepared tooth different surfaces. Conclusions: Daytime or weeklong tiredness and patient position do not affect the width of the heavy chamfer prepared by experienced and inexperienced persons. The experience and the operator's working position influence the width of the prepared finish line.

Efficient Adaptive Beacon Deployment Optimization for Indoor Crowd Monitoring Applications

The indoor crowd density monitoring system using BLE beacons is one of the effective ways to prevent overcrowded indoor situations. The indoor crowd density monitoring system consists of a mobile application at the user's side and the beacon sensor network as the infrastructure. Since the performance of crowd density monitoring highly depends on how BLE beacons are placed, BLE beacon placement optimization is fundamental research work. This research proposes a beacon deployment method EABeD to incrementally place the beacons adaptively to the latest signal propagation status. Also, EABeD reduces most walking and measurement labor costs by applying Bayesian optimization and the walking distance optimization algorithm. We conducted the placement optimization experiment in the wild environment and compared the results with placements derived by the simulation-based method and people. The result shows that our proposed method can achieve 26.4% higher detection coverage than the simulation-based approach, 23.2% and 5.2% higher detection coverage than the inexperienced person's solution and the expert's solution. As for the labor cost reduction, our proposed method can reduce 90.2% of the walking distance and 74.4% of the optimization time compared with optimization by the dense data gathering method.

Post-circumcision penile skin loss: reporting the outcome of one-stage anterolateral scrotal based flaps in children

ABSTRACT Introduction Improper penile assessment, together with carrying out circumcision by an inexperienced person, results in major complications. One of the complex complications is the complete or sub-complete penile skin loss, which in many cases, necessitates one or staged repair. Purpose To evaluate modified one-stage bilateral anterolateral scrotal-based flaps to compensate for penile skin loss after circumcision. Methods This study was performed on patients with almost penile skin loss after circumcision from February 2013 to July 2021. In all cases, one-stage modified bilateral anterolateral scrotal skin flaps were used to compensate for penile skin loss. The modification includes scrotal skin flap fashioning in a novel way, in addition to the use of penodermal fixation sutures at the penoscrotal junction, to create a stable penoscrotal junction and new penile skin coverage. Patients were discharged from the hospital on the same day of surgery. The dressing was left for 5 days. Follow-up visits were scheduled weekly in the first month, 3 and 6 months later, then annually. Results Forty-six children were included in this study. Their mean age was 4.5 ± 1.5 years. The mean operative time was 139.6 ± 11.5 min. No flap ischemia or necrosis was reported. One case (2.2%) developed a scrotal hematoma managed conservatively. Three (6.5%) cases presented with wound dehiscence at the penoscrotal angle. Three (6.5%) cases had self-limited penile edema. Two (4.3%) cases had dorsal midline hypertrophic scar; one improved after treatment with triamcinolone acetonide ointment, and the other needed scar revision. The mean follows up was 23.33 ± 9.13 months. Conclusion The modified scrotal skin flap technique provides a good substitution for stable penile skin coverage and a one-stage reconstruction of penile skin loss. It results in good parents’ satisfaction with acceptable complications.

Evaluation of the factors affecting triage decision-making among emergency department nurses and emergency medical technicians in Iran: a study based on Benner’s theory

IntroductionEmergency department (ED) nurses and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) find themselves performing triage under time pressure and with limited information. Identifying an effective triage decision-making process can play a significant role in promoting patient safety. Experts are able to make faster and more effective decisions in emergencies than novices.ObjectiveThe current study aimed to identify the level of triage decision-making (TDM) and its’ predictors in ED nurses and EMTs based on self-reported levels of nursing proficiency in Benner’s theory from novice to expert.Materials and methodsOut of 821 ED nurses and EMTs who met the inclusion criteria, 320 ED nurses and 152 EMTs were included in this descriptive-analytical research. Data were collected by a demographic information form and triage decision-making inventory (TDMI) and analyzed by SPSSv.22 software using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression.ResultsThe total score of TDMI in the ED nurses and EMTs was higher in the expert nurses than in the proficient, competent, advanced beginner and novices. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-reported levels of nursing proficiency, age, work experience, marital status and triage training course were predictors of TDM in ED nurses (P < .05), and self-reported levels of nursing proficiency, service location, work experience, and triage training course were predictors of TDM in EMTs (P < .05).ConclusionUnderstanding the predictors influencing TDM health professionals may facilitate the understanding of their training needs. The training needs of a novice and inexperienced person may be different from those of an expert person, it is recommended that the training methods be based on the experiences and professional levels of nurses so that the training provided is effective and quality. Moreover, to increase the TDM power and reduce TDM errors due to lack of experience, a system is suggested to be established to allow novice nurses in the first year to work with experienced nurses. Also it is suggested that the determining educational and training focus with regards to triage before entering the bedside be done based on predictors.

Form and content of Jamaican cannabis edibles

To measure the levels of THC and CBD in a variety of edibles available in Jamaica in order to determine current cannabinoid content and to report on safety and packaging. Forty-five cannabis-infused edible items were collected as convenience samples over a 4-year period (2014–2018) and analyzed. The QuEChERS technique (modified) was used to extract cannabinoids from each item. The extracts were then derivatized with MSTFA prior to analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The descriptive statistics were calculated using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences — SPSS Software. Descriptive statistics presented include the mean, median, standard deviation, and range for each product category. The distribution of data with a box and whisker plot and frequency of THC to CBD ratios with a histogram was also presented. Edibles on the Jamaican market comprise baked goods, candies, frozen foods, and beverages. Eighty-six percent of samples were poorly labeled and failed to meet basic labeling requirements. None of the packages were observed to be child-proof. THC levels ranged from 0.01 to 99.9 mg per product while CBD levels ranged from 0.001 to 69.2 mg per product. The highest THC and CBD levels were detected in cookies and brownies. Thirty percent of the samples had THC levels greater than the recommended 10 mg THC per serving. The lack of proper labelling and the wide range of THC levels in cannabis edibles raises public health concerns for all consumers including inexperienced persons who may be at a greater risk of overdosing. Concern must also be raised over the possibility that the attractive and tasty ways in which the drug is being presented might tempt young children and teens to take cannabis. It is hoped that this information will raise public awareness of the current potential danger these edibles pose and that policymakers will see the need for the introduction of suitable regulations.

Ritual circumcision by inexperienced hand some time cause penile amputation

Ritual circumcision is a custom. But, when it is done by inexperienced person, it may cause painful situation for parents.: We are presenting a case of ritual circumcision done by inexperienced person. Complete amputation of glans was occurred during circumcision. That was very painful situation for parents. To avoid such complication circumcision should be done by experienced medical practitioner or training should be provided to the persons who are doing ritual circumcision.

Form and content of Jamaican cannabis edibles

BackgroundIn 2017, the Jamaican government banned the sale of cannabis-infused edibles after reports of over-intoxication in adults and children. There is a general lack of public awareness regarding the risk involved with edible dosage. Vandrey et al. in 2015 reported that random cannabis edibles sampled from dispensaries in California and Washington in the USA failed to meet the basic labeling standards for pharmaceuticals (Vandrey et al.; JAMA 2015). This study aims to measure the levels of THC and CBD in a variety of edibles available locally in order to establish current cannabinoid content and to report on safety and packaging. This study is deemed necessary as no such study has been done to measure the potency levels of edibles and to raise awareness of the potential risk to children.MethodsForty-five cannabis-infused edible items were collected as convenience samples over a 4-year period (2014–2018) and analyzed. The QuEChERS technique (modified) was used to extract cannabinoids from each item. The extracts were then derivatized with MSTFA prior to analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The descriptive statistics were calculated using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences—SPSS Software. Descriptive statistics presented include the mean, median, standard deviation, and range for each product category. The distribution of data with a box and whisker plot and frequency of THC to CBD ratios with a histogram was also presented.ResultsEdibles on the Jamaican market comprise baked goods, candies, frozen foods, and beverages. Eighty-six percent of samples were poorly labeled and failed to meet basic labeling requirements. None of the packages were observed to be child-proof. THC levels ranged from 0.01 to 99.9 mg per product while CBD levels ranged from 0.001 to 69.2 mg per product. The highest THC and CBD levels were detected in cookies and brownies. Thirty percent of the samples had THC levels greater than the recommended 10 mg THC per serving.ConclusionThe lack of proper labeling and the wide range of THC levels in cannabis edibles raises public health concerns for all consumers including inexperienced persons who may be at a greater risk of overdosing. Concern must also be raised over the possibility that the attractive and tasty ways in which the drug is being presented might tempt young children and teens to take cannabis.Impact statementIt is hoped that this information will raise public awareness of the current potential danger these edibles pose to children and inexperienced users and that policymakers will see the need for the imposition of suitable regulations.

The effect of Peer instructor teaching and clinical supervision on the status and stressors of clinical nursing education

Introduction: Peer instructor teaching is an educational model in which senior students teach to their classmates or junior students. Clinical supervision is a formal, systematic, and continuous that the inexperienced person reviews and improves their performance by receiving advice from a supervisor or expert. Clinical education is a vital component of the medical science curriculum and the quality and control of its stressors are important. The purpose of this study was to combine peer instructor training model with clinical supervision on the status and stressors of clinical nursing education. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study in which a combined Peer instructor teaching and clinical supervision program was implemented. The research samples were 60 nursing students of Yazd nursing and Midwifery College who were studying in third and sixth semesters. They were selected by purposive sampling method. Data gathering tools included a four-part questionnaire including demographic characteristics, a questionnaire for assessing instructor performance in clinical education, a standard questionnaire for clinical stressors, a course satisfaction questionnaire and a clinical supervisor completed by self-report. Data analysis was done using SPSS 16 software. Result: on the finding the mean score of peer instructor evaluation was 56.42 ± 9.38 and mean score of clinical stressors was 38.72 ± 5.6. Peer instructor in most cases agreed with the peer instructor program and clinical supervision program. Conclusion: From the learners' point of view, peer instructor performance is at a good level, as well as clinical stressors at the boundary level between moderate and weak, although both results are satisfactory but there is a need for more careful planning and more training by peer educators and more accurate clinical supervision.

Perspective Differences Between Attending Physician and Medical Student

The perspectives of an attending physician and a second-year medical student are juxtaposed in this reflection on caring for an infant who presented to our pediatric emergency department: 2115: Request from paramedic base: please come; Med unit 2 with infant, found down at home. Pulseless. Not breathing. Silence followed by static—I stand with my hands gripped together, staring intently at the speakerphone and waiting for more information. I gaze up and see Dr. Ferguson seemingly communicate with her fellow telepathically. “Have they seen this before?” I wonder to myself, “Am I missing something?” Similar to my clinical skills, I clearly lack the experience to discern if this call is normal or abnormal. 2143: The patient arrives in the ED. Hypercapnic metabolic acidosis. Virchow’s triad. These had been words on a PowerPoint without any genuine substance. I could recite pathophysiology but had yet to appreciate what medicine felt like up close: the bluish tinge and coldness of cyanotic skin, the recoil of the thoracic wall, the feelings generated by an infant’s fixed gaze staring back at me. “Was this patient dead?” “How do I know if she’s dead?” These questions race through my mind and I realize that my medical education has not emotionally prepared me for this moment. 2204: Time of death called by the attending. Both time and I freeze. “Had I done something wrong?” I think. I immediately feel guilty for being the most inexperienced person on the team. I blame myself because I am the last person to physically touch the patient. I feel ashamed for not knowing what to do next. The parents mourn and ask questions, but I have no answers. I watch Dr. Ferguson effortlessly navigate through this emotionally difficult time—and I hope that someday, I will also have this same wisdom.

Joint Attention in a Laparoscopic Simulation-Based Training: A Pilot Study on Camera Work, Gaze Behavior, and Surgical Performance in Laparoscopic Surgery.

Introduction: Training in laparoscopic surgery seems to be an important aspect in gaining and maintaining professional competency. In experimental settings, camera navigation skills improved after simulation-based training, but the effect of camera work on the surgeon's performance is not well studied. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a fixed camera or an operated camera, as well as the experience of the camera operator has an effect on the performance of the surgeon. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on the LapSim laparoscopic training system. The task was to tie an intracorporal knot in a static surgical environment with three different camera conditions: fixed camera, camera operated by an inexperienced person (inexpert camera), and camera operated by an experienced surgeon (expert camera). The camera conditions were counterbalanced across trials. Performance variables were completion time in seconds and the extend of movements in path length and angular pathway. Gaze behavior was measured with eye-tracking glasses worn by the surgeon as well as the camera operator and was evaluated for performance-harming effects. Results: Completion time varied across conditions, with participants performing significantly longer in the fixed camera condition than in the expert or the inexpert condition. The expert and inexpert conditions did not differ. The performance-harming effect of non-focusing on the tissue was especially visible in the fixed camera condition but disappeared in the expert camera condition. Neither the camera operators' gaze behavior nor the surgeon-camera operator fixation agreement predicted task performance. Discussion: A camera operator can potentially eliminate performance-harming effects of maladaptive gaze behavior and promote optimal visual behavior of a surgeon. In our experimental task, there was no significant difference in whether the camera operator had previous training in laparoscopic surgery or not.

Evaluation of I-Gel™ versus Classic LMA™ for Airway Management by Paramedics and Medical Students: A Manikin Study.

Background and Aim:Airway management is a lifesaving skill which all health-care workers should possess. Currently, most of the resuscitation councils recommend supraglottic airway devices as the technique of choice for airway management during cardiopulmonary resuscitation by health-care providers without expertise in tracheal intubation. This is because of its high first-pass success rate and easy to acquire and retain skill even by novices.Materials and Methods:The present study was planned to compare the efficacy of two commonly available supraglottic airway devices, classic LMA (cLMA) and I-gel in securing airway in adult manikin by inexperienced persons (58 paramedics and 46 medical students), after a brief training. Our primary aim was to determine the first attempt success rate, and other parameters studied were the time and ease of insertion, overall success rate, and preference for device.Results:The first-attempt success rate of I-gel was higher in both groups of participants (74% in students and 69% in paramedicals) compared to that of cLMA (70% in l students and 53% in paramedics) although the overall success was the same. Majority of participants could secure airway quickly and easily by I-gel than by cLMA. More than 90% of participants preferred I-gel over cLMA.Conclusion:This study shows that inexperienced persons could learn to place the I-Gel and cLMA successfully in the manikin after a brief training in manikin. The first-attempt success rate and insertion of I-gel was easier and faster than that of cLMA by both groups of participants and most participants preferred I-gel due to ease of handling.

A Research of Adaptation for E-Learning System by Learning Preferences

personalized studying takes place while e-getting to know frameworks strive purposeful endeavors to plan instructive encounters that healthy the necessities, targets, abilties, and premiums in their students. The gadget completes customized recommendation of the learning content material in keeping with the scores of these common sequences, provided with the aid of the machine. on this system two modules mastering preferences Acquisition and Interface aspect control. in line with getting to know alternatives, the interface additives are modified The more emphasis is at the kind of records which customers can perceive in higher manner with respect to assessments, exercising, Assignments, and Notes and so forth. b. The machine have to be involved approximately the manner of contents and data furnished to the person. The results display suitability of using this recommendation model, so as to indicate online gaining knowledge of sports to inexperienced persons based on their studying style, expertise and preferences.

Robust Smartphone Assisted Biosensing Based on Asymmetric Nanofluidic Grating Interferometry.

Point-of-care systems enable fast therapy decisions on site without the need of any healthcare infrastructure. In addition to the sensitive detection, stable measurement by inexperienced persons outside of laboratory facilities is indispensable. A particular challenge in field applications is to reduce interference from environmental factors, such as temperature, to acceptable levels without sacrificing simplicity. Here, we present a smartphone-based point-of-care sensor. The method uses an optofluidic grating composed of alternating detection and reference channels arranged as a reflective phase grating. Biomolecules adsorbing to the detection channel alter the optical path length, while the parallel reference channels enable a direct common mode rejection within a single measurement. The optical setup is integrated in a compact design of a mobile readout device and the usability is ensured by a smartphone application. Our results show that different ambient temperatures do not have any influence on the signal. In a proof-of concept experiment we measured the accumulation of specific molecules in functionalized detection channels in real-time and without the need of any labeling. Therefore, the channel walls have been modified with biotin as capture molecules and the specific binding of streptavidin was detected. A mobile, reliable and robust point-of-care device has been realized by combining an inherently differential measurement concept with a smartphone-based, mobile readout device.

Addressing the Foundation of a Profession for Fostering New Hope - Dentistry in India!

Choosing an institution for pursuing higher education in dentistry has become a hectic job now due to the availability of a hand full of colleges in India; from which the choice of sifting out the best, for an inexperienced person will be confusing & effortful. While investing huge amount of personal endeavors to compete with the hidden curriculums & to maintain a steady financial state, there are going to be plenty of hurdles to deal with under the pressure of course completion, if the choice is not the right one. Once you come out, the chances of getting a job is almost nil at institutional levels & it's not going to be the dream job that once you aspired for, irrespective of the institute, where you completed the graduation ! Keywords: commercialization in health education, ruinous competitions, toxic personalities, hidden curriculums, unacceptable professional behavior, dental education system in India. DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-12-03 Publication date : April 30 th 2019

Effects of yogic breathing ‘Kapalabhati’ on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cardiac autonomic activity in yoga inexperienced persons

Effects of yogic breathing ‘Kapalabhati’ on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cardiac autonomic activity in yoga inexperienced persons

Commercial Slit Lamp Anterior Segment Photography versus Digital Compact Camera Mounted on a Standard Slit Lamp with an Adapter

ABSTRACTPurpose: To compare slit lamp mounted anterior segment cameras (SLCs) versus digital compact camera (DCC) with slit-lamp adaptor when used by an inexperienced technician.Methods: In this cross sectional study, where posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was used as a comparator, patients were consented for one photograph with SLC and two with DCC (DCC1 and DCC2), with a slit lamp adaptor. An inexperienced clinic technician, who took all the photographs and masked the images, recruited one eye of each patient. Images were graded for PCO using EPCO 2000 software by two independent masked graders. Repeatability between DCC1 and DCC2, and limits-of-agreement between SLC and DCC1 mounted on slit-lamp with an adaptor were assessed. Coefficient-of-repeatability and Bland-Altmann plots were analyzed.Results: Seventy-two patients (eyes) were recruited in the study. First 9 patients (eyes) were excluded due to unsatisfactory image quality from both the systems. Mean evaluation of posterior capsule opacification (EPCO) score for SLC was 2.28 (95% CI: 2.09–2.45), for DCC1 was 2.28 (95% CI: 2.11–2.45), and for the DCC2 was 2.11 (95% CI: 2.11–2.45). There was no significant difference in EPCO scores between SLC vs. DCC1 (p = 0.98) and between DCC1 and DCC2 (p = 0.97). Coefficient of repeatability between DCC images was 0.42, and the coefficient of repeatability between DCC and SLC was 0.58.Conclusions: DCC on slit lamp with an adaptor is comparable to a SLC. There is an initial learning curve, which is similar for both for an inexperienced person. This opens up the possibility for low cost anterior segment imaging in the clinical, research, and teaching settings.

The Danger of Relying on Database Spectra

With the availability of easy-to-use commercial instrumentation for infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy, the number of users is growing very fast. Even in labs in which no personnel with experience in spectroscopy is around, spectra can be recorded and analyzed. However, for an inexperienced person it is virtually impossible to check whether a spectrum is plausible. In this Note, it is demonstrated that even comparing an experimental spectrum with data from a database may lead to significant errors. The vibrational spectrum of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is presented as an example.

An uncommon complication in the drainage of a chest wall skin abscess: pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema

Skin and soft tissue infections are frequent cases of emergency services. Treatment of these patients is usually performed ambulatory in the form of abscess drainage and oral antibiotic therapy. In this article, it was aimed to draw attention to the fact that a rib fracture may be seen after abscess drainage made by inexperienced persons and that might lead to presentation with more complicated situation