Although air quality is the natural resource on which every modern person lives, the quality of air quality will directly affect the healthy and sustainable development of our human beings. However, my country’s current monitoring of air quality still has many shortcomings, such as backward monitoring technology, small monitoring coverage area, and insufficient matching between portable online monitoring and permanent online monitoring, which cannot fully meet the increasing monitoring needs of modern people. This research mainly explores the design technology of embedded monitoring system in the Internet of Things era. Comprehensive application in the field of environmental air quality control, monitoring and management of green building cities in my country and the comprehensive application of modern architectural indoor digital decorative art design. For the bottom-level gas detection hardware control system part of this article, the new STM32 is selected as the bottom-level control hardware core. For the bottom-level detection of non-inhalable particulate matter, a high positioning accuracy gas sensor detection module with scattering working principle is selected. For SO2 For the bottom detection of pollutants and gases such as CO, O3, NO2, etc., the sensor module of the constant potential electrolyte gas concentration detector with high positioning accuracy is used as the bottom detection hardware probe. A combination of multiple digital filtering algorithms, such as limiting filtering and inertial filtering, is used to complete the preliminary analysis and processing of the sampled data.