Industrial Projects Research Articles

Prioritization of Evaluation Items for Industrial Accident Prevention Factors Using the Fuzzy TOPSIS Technique

With the rapid progress of industrialization, serious accidents have frequently occurred at industrial sites. Despite the existence of several laws and regulations for preventing industrial accidents, including the Occupational Safety and Health Act, social criticism has been raised regarding their inefficiency. To address this issue, the Serious Accident Punishment Act was implemented. The Ministry of Employment and Labor and the Korea Safety and Health Agency have prepared and implemented various industrial accident prevention measures and programs; however, the number of industrial accidents has not decreased. Therefore, new evaluation criteria must be introduced when establishing policies or systems to prevent industrial accidents. This study introduces evaluation items used in Europe and the United States as industrial accident prevention items for assessing industrial accident prevention projects and proposes a plan to select priorities for these items by applying the fuzzy TOPSIS technique. Prioritization was determined by calculating four evaluation criteria and ten industrial accident prevention items using a 7-point linguistic scale. Our results allow for the simultaneous consideration of several industrial accident prevention items. Thus, various aspects of industrial accident prevention activities can be comprehensively evaluated, enhancing the effectiveness and execution of safety and health management, thereby helping to reduce industrial accidents.

Fulfilling the potentials of residential solar energy in Egypt

Energy plays a very important role in Egypt’s economic development, but the country has a gap between its produced energy and the demand of its growing population. Utilization of solar power systems in Egypt could help the country to close this gap and fulfil its national and international obligations. However, since 1980, the focus in Egypt has been on large-scale industrial solar projects. Limited attention is given to smaller systems for typical residential buildings. The aim of this research, therefore, is to highlight the potential of small residential solar systems (SRSS) in Egypt. With the huge number of residential buildings accommodating more than 115 million Egyptians, SRSS could be the unearthed gem of a sustainable source of energy in Egypt. The geographical location of Egypt and climate were used to generate solar data using the Global Solar Atlas application. The amounts of monthly and annual solar irradiations were calculated and analysed to decide the best orientation of the system (facing east, west, north, and south), identify the optimum tilt angle of the system, and determine the size of the solar panels. A case study was used to illustrate the procedures of designing SRSS for a typical residential building in Egypt. The results showed that a 26 kWp SRSS oriented facing the east with an optimum tilt angle between 15° and 30° could produce an annual total output of electricity more than the annual demand of the occupants of the studied residential building. Such a system would fit easily on the roof of the building. It was concluded that the installation of SRSS in Egypt could help the country meet the demand of its ever-increasing population if properly regulated, financed, and managed. It is recommended that Egypt develop and implement policies to make installations of SRSS an attractive choice among homeowners and investors by introducing encouraging incentives and creating a competitive market with affordable SRSS.

Monotonic and cyclic lateral loading of piles in low- to medium-density chalk

Offshore and other structures often rely on driven piles to carry lateral loads. However, there is currently no established design method to cover lateral loading at chalk sites, which are widespread across Northwest Europe. This paper reports monotonic and cyclic lateral load tests on highly instrumented 508 mm and 1220 mm diameter. open steel piles driven at a well-characterised chalk test site in Kent, UK, for a recent joint industry project that developed new benchmark datasets and analyses, supported by high-quality testing. The ultimate lateral pressures mobilised in the chalk are shown to be relatively low compared to its uniaxial compressive strengths (UCS) due to pile-driving damage, natural fracturing, local yielding and brittleness. Significant gaps opened between the piles and chalk during loading, that led to a substantially softer response on unloading and subsequent reloading, as well as marked axial capacity losses. Reaction curves extracted from the field measurements and applied in a one-dimensional numerical model perform well in reproducing the monotonic lateral tests. As with piles driven in other materials, one-way cyclic lateral loading led to permanent displacement accumulation and stiffness changes that were linked to the cyclic loading parameters. Both effects were more marked under biaxial cyclic lateral loading.

Utilization of IoT and database system of central warehouse project in the pharmaceutical industry

This study aims to develop an MRPII device that utilizes internet technology for inventory management control processes, using case studies from pharmacutical companies in Indonesia. The research was conducted using field observation methods and system development, then comparing the manual system and MRPII. An internet-based inventory management system was created by integrating the warehouse’s material database into each material code via a QR. code. The study found that implementing the MRP II system design increases work effectiveness and reduces the risk of errors that frequently occur in conventional systems. Moreover, using the MRPII can facilitate the audit process and establish transparency in the inventory management process. Data processed using IoT is generated faster and more accurately as company operations improve quality, reduce unnecessary activities, and make it easier to organize materials and run administrative and technical processes in inventory management; it is measured based on reach, workforce requirements, supply, and handling time. In the industrial world, the MRPII database system has the potential to evolve into several more complex and comprehensive systems. It has broad integration and can assist humans working across all lines, particularly in the data processing system.

Access denied: Land alienation and pastoral conflicts

Conflicts involving pastoralists have been on the rise in the past two decades in West, Central and East Africa. This article argues that land alienation is a major source of this type of violence. We employ a narrow identification strategy of relevant pastoral conflicts based on the Armed Conflict Location Event Dataset and create a unique indicator of land alienation comprised of three types of land use changes (conversion of land into conservation areas, crop farms, and industrial mining projects). Relying on a disaggregated quantitative comparative design of 50 km-by-50 km cells covering the Sahelian region from 2002 to 2019, we find that land alienation is an underlying cause of pastoral conflicts. Moreover, we show that the impact of land alienation on pastoralist violence spreads over long distances and is influenced by state presence and climatic conditions. Our analysis further reveals an overlap between pastoralist violence and armed conflict. Bridging a gap between macro- and micro-level studies, we contribute to shed more light on the determinants of pastoral conflicts, a type of violence that has received scant attention in the geospatial quantitative literature.

Development and workflow of a separation process for optimum design: A case of phenylenediamine

AbstractAn industrial project based upon the multi‐scale objective‐oriented process development (MOPD) method for developing an optimum process for separating phenylenediamine (PDA) isomers was executed. This article reports the first four (4) steps of that project. In the first step, the solution for this separation problem was conceptualized. It is a distillation‐crystallization‐hybrid process. The second step is to validate the concept experimentally from the thermodynamic point of view followed by kinetic considerations. It was found that a 2‐stage crystallization is required to purify the main product isomers to the desirable specification that is higher than 99.5 mol%. A heat and material balance model was then constructed for analyzing and optimizing various design variables, also used to understand the operability of the process. Finally, with proper HAZOP analysis and detailed engineering, the pilot unit was designed. Throughout the project, all exercises and efforts are well focused with clear objectives, hence there are minimum detours on the execution; furthermore, the clear objectives enhanced the communications among various disciplines tremendously. It is a valuable asset for senior management in the allocation of resources and budgets.

Nanoparticulate Herbal Formulation for the Management of Fungal Infection

Abstract: Fungal infections have been more common during the past few years as a result of an increase in the population of immunocompromised people, including those with cancer, HIV/AIDS, and organ transplant recipients. It has been reported that fungal infection is brought on by different pathogens. The main focus of this review is the use of nanosized plant components to stop fungal infections for the pharmaceutical industry and research projects. According to research about 40 million people have fungal infections. Echinocandins, griseofulvin, azoles, allylamines, and flucytosine are only a few antifungal medications used in clinical settings to treat fungal infections. Skin infections caused by fungi are among the most prevalent dermatological issues of today. Fungal infections at the skin's surface or under the skin's surface may harm the skin, keratinous tissues, and mucous membranes. Therefore, there is a high need for producing an antifungal agent that may act selectively on new targets while having minor side effects and can belong to a variety of structural classes. Natural goods offer limitless prospects for innovative medicine development due to their typically unrivaled chemical variety, whether in the form of pure phyto-compounds or standardized plant extracts. Plants have been an excellent source of medicine since the beginning of time. When compared to synthetically produced medications, phytochemicals from various plant species have been versicolor as a more potent source of therapy. Novel cell targets and antifungal chemicals, as well as new methods for the delivery of drugs based on nanotechnology, are all currently being studied.

Prospects for Economic Cooperation between Russia and China in the Current Geopolitical Situation

Introduction. The article examines the topical issues of relations between the two countries amidst the current foreign policy situation. Relations between Russia and China are of great importance for both countries as well as for the global political and economic situation as a whole. Cooperation between these two largest states plays an important role in the formation of multipolarity in the world arena, weakening unipolar tendencies. The article analyzes the main aspects of cooperation between Russia and China, the components of their mutually beneficial partnership, and considers the challenges and prospects that both countries face in the changing geopolitical situation. Particular attention is paid to the economic and political aspects of interaction between Russia and China, and potential ways to strengthen and expand cooperation in the future are identified.Materials and methods. To analyze the current dynamics of bilateral relations, analytical methods of processing statistical data provided by government agencies of the Russian Federation were used, as well as the method of mirror statistics in order to identify the positions and shares of Russia in the geographical structure of China's foreign trade partners based on information provided by the State Customs Service of China. The paper also presents data obtained through expert assessment and social surveys. To conduct a systemic analysis, the authors applied the methods of induction, deduction, generalization, synthesis, and comparison.Results of the study. In the course of the study, the foreign policy agenda of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China was analyzed, and the areas of cooperation that are of greatest mutual interest to the two countries were identified - trade, investment, implementation of joint infrastructure, energy and other projects in the real sector of the economy.In addition, the authors of the article analyzed the dynamics and structure of bilateral trade and economic cooperation between Russia and China; factors of growth in trade turnover, Russian exports to China and Russian imports from China were identified. Next, the largest Russian-Chinese investment projects in the automotive industry, fuel and energy complex and infrastructure were considered. As a result, an assessment of the prospects for further development of bilateral trade and joint projects in the concerned areas was made.An analysis of the data obtained as part of a sociological survey was conducted, which made it possible to identify the most popular areas of cooperation between the two countries that are of greatest interest to the population of the PRC in the foresee[1] able future, including the creation of new transport corridors within the framework of the conjugation of the One Belt, One Road projects and the Eurasian Economic Union.Discussion and conclusion. Economic relations play a key role in the agenda of bilateral cooperation between Russia and China and have a multifaceted nature. The projected economic growth of Russian-Chinese cooperation in 2024 and beyond presupposes diversification of the structure of bilateral trade and an increase in the volume of goods and services offered. In the context of this forecast, special attention is paid to the focus on increasing gas exports from Russia to China, which leads to an expected increase in the share of gas supplies compared to oil supplies. In addition, an important factor contributing to the stimulation of economic growth is the increase in the volume of Russian agricultural exports to China, as well as the development of cooperation in the services sector.In order to achieve even more impressive results of economic cooperation with Russia's eastern neighbor, it is necessary to pay attention to solving urgent foreign trade problems of a structural nature, namely, working on export diversification and increasing the competitiveness of the expanding range of goods and services supplied to the Asian market. It is also necessary to provide comprehensive measures to support promising manufacturing and service sectors for export. The increase in trade turnover between the two countries stimulates the development of investment partnerships and the growth in the number of jointly implemented projects in the production and infrastructure sectors, which, in turn, creates conditions for deepening interregional cooperation and the formation of a more predictable and stable world order in the foreseeable future.

Обоснование необходимости развития сети морских грузопассажирских перевозок между субъектами Дальневосточного федерального округа Российской Федерации

The purpose of this article is to analyze the transport system of the regions of the Far Eastern Federal Area of the Russian Federation and substantiate the importanceof the development of maritime passenger transport to overcome the problem of transport isolation, especially characteristic of the Kamchatka Region and the Sakhalin Region. The article presents arguments in favor of the need to open a passenger sea connection betweenthe regions of the Russian Far East as a measure aimed at increasing and improving the opportunities of the population of the Far Eastern regions to move between the largest administrative and economic centers of the Far Eastern Federal Area. A comprehensive analysis, comparative analysis and a systematic approach were used as the methodological basis of the study. An assessment of the state of the transport industry in the Far East made it possible to form a proposal to create an industry project to address the problem of transportisolation of the regions.

Цифровая трансформация и инновационные технологии в спортивной индустрии: анализ глобальных тенденций и российских практик рынка спорттех

The article examines the term "Sportstech", which refers to a range of high-tech projects in the sports industry. It discusses the current state and future prospects of this field both globally and in Russia. To conduct the research, 202 structured interviews were held with industry experts, secondary data from public sources was analyzed, and Russian examples were compared to international ones. The Russian Sportstech market is a promising area for the development of technology and business, albeit it is currently in its early stages of growth compared to other countries’ best practices. Despite sanctions and restrictions, investments in this field continue to increase due to government initiatives and opportunities for import substitutions. The potential of the domestic market and the development of infrastructure are important factors in supporting and promoting entrepreneurship in this sector.

The Utilization of Stakeholder Management Frameworks for the Successful Completion of Construction Projects in Zambia

This study aimed to examine the utilization of stakeholder management frameworks in the Zambian construction industry using the Kariba Dam Rehabilitation Project (KDRP) in Siavonga as a case study. The study was pinned on the stakeholder theory using a mixed methods design that involved integrating quantitative data and desk/secondary research. The target population comprised industry practitioners and project team members working on the KDRP project. Using judgmental (or purposive) sampling, 91 respondents took part in an online survey and over 30 articles were examined in the systemic review. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS V23 by running descriptive frequency statistics and the studies were grouped using Atlas.ti software. The study demonstrated a good level of knowledge and positive attitude by construction workers on the KDRP of stakeholder management. The biggest factors that influenced the implementation and application of stakeholder management frameworks were a lack of project or organizations management interest to implement stakeholder management frameworks and lack of skill by contractors and project managers to apply stakeholder management frameworks among others. The study concluded that there is no stakeholder management framework in use in the Zambian construction industry. Therefore it is recommended that the concerned engineering bodies advocate for the development of national or industry-specific policies, regulations, or guidelines that promote stakeholder engagement in construction projects.

Computational Models of Dynamic Load Sources for Modeling of Construction Structures Operation Used in Monitoring of Technical Condition of Buildings and Structures

This research aims to develop principles for assessing the impact of mega-cyclic vibrodynamic loads on the reliability of construction structures. The relevance of the reasons for the development and improvement of algorithms for numerical modeling of multicycle dynamic loads on building structures is due to the steadily increasing intensity of such loads on buildings and structures in megacities, as well as the acute practical problem of significant differences in the dynamic characteristics of buildings and structures obtained as a result of mathematical modeling and determined by experimental methods. The article presents research materials on computational equivalent models of dynamic load sources for numerical modeling of the behavior of construction structures under their influence, using the method of vibroacoustic analogies. The article examines models of sources of dynamic impact on construction sites. Algorithms and final formulas for computational modeling of the simplest sources of dynamic load are developed using the method of vibroacoustic analogies. The dynamic properties of the simplest dynamic load sources were analyzed. A significant difference between the computational models of real and ideal dynamic load sources. The article presents research and development results intended for calculating the distribution of dynamic loads on elements of construction structures in industrial and civil engineering projects located in areas with high levels of transport vibrodynamic impacts. An important property of the proposed computational equivalent models of sources of dynamic impact on building structures is the possibility of computational verification of critical elements, points, or nodes of load-bearing structures of buildings and structures under dynamic overloads. The position of these critical elements, points, and nodes of load-bearing structures under dynamic loads can differ significantly from their position determined using static and quasistatic computational modeling methods.

Report on the 5th International Workshop on Engineering and Cybersecurity of Critical Systems and 2nd International Workshop on Software Vulnerability Management (EnCyCriS/SVM - 2024)

Increasing system interconnectivity, decentralization, and introduction of new, more intelligent technologies, result in critical infrastructures becoming exposed to increased risk of cyber, physical, and combine cyber-physical attacks. Cyber-attacks on critical systems can inflict severe consequences on to people, society, economy, and national security, and can have adverse effects on safety and reliability of critical infrastructures. The joint EnCyCriS-SVM workshop facilitates discourse and discussion among researchers, practitioner, and students who are working on challenges and solutions related to the industrial revolution. Focus is given on sharing industry experience and project results pertaining to cyber threats on critical systems; secure software engineering; and attack detection and response mechanisms.

Re-classification of Small Industrial Enterprises as An Approach to the Development of ‎the Small Business Sector in Iraq

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the impact of the reclassification of small industrial enterprises on the development of the small business sector in Iraq. It seeks to identify the current gaps in the current classification system and propose a new framework that considers the challenges facing these enterprises and contributes to enhancing their competitiveness. Methods: The study adopted the inductive approach to prove the importance of reclassifying industrial projects in Iraq and developing the industrial sector. The clarity of the nature of the industrial structure and its classifications according to a new perspective of classifying the project sizes of the industrial sector is an entry point for the reform of the private industrial sector. Results: The study found that the applied classification of industrial projects, whether small or medium, is not compatible with what is prevailing internationally by adopting it only within small and micro enterprises, which led to a weakness in the industrial performance of the private sector compared to its counterpart in neighboring countries and globally. Conclusion: The reclassification of small industrial enterprises represents a decisive step towards the development of the small business sector in Iraq. It contributes to creating a more sustainable business environment as well as contributing to coordination between the private sector and financial institutions under government supervision and support to attract private sector investments inside the country.

Deciphering refactoring branch dynamics: An empirical study on Qt

Context:Modern code review is a widely employed technique in both industrial and open-source projects, serving to enhance software quality, share knowledge, and ensure compliance with coding standards and guidelines. While code review is extensively studied for its general challenges, best practices, outcomes, and socio-technical aspects, little attention has been paid to how refactoring is reviewed and what developers prioritize when reviewing refactored code in the ‘Refactor’ branch. Objective:The goal is to understand the review process for refactoring changes in the ‘Refactor’ branch and to identify what developers care about when reviewing code in this branch. Method:In this study, we present a quantitative and qualitative examination to understand the main criteria developers use to decide whether to accept or reject refactored code submissions and identify the challenges inherent in this process. Results:Analyzing 2,154 refactoring and non-refactoring reviews across Qt open-source projects, we find that reviews involving refactoring from the ‘Refactor’ branch take significantly less time to resolve in terms of code review efforts. Additionally, documentation of developer intent is notably sparse within the ‘Refactor’ branch compared to other branches. Furthermore, through thematic analysis of a substantial sample of refactoring code review discussions, we construct a comprehensive taxonomy consisting of 12 refactoring review criteria. Conclusion:Our findings underscore the importance of developing precise and efficient tools and techniques to aid developers in the review process amidst refactorings.

Stabilisation of subsoil using colloidal silica beneath shallow foundation - a case study

Shallow foundations are commonly used to support various equipment in industrial projects. If the subsoil is too weak to withstand the equipment loads, the settlement or tilting of the foundations takes place. To avoid further distress to such foundations, weak soil beneath the damaged foundation is required to be strengthened. This paper presents a similar case study wherein the strengthening of subsoil was performed beneath the shallow foundations which experienced settlement and tilting beyond the permissible limits due to the presence of weak subsoil. The stabilisation of soil was performed using injection grouting with colloidal silica-based chemical grout to prevent further settlement and tilting of foundations. The particulars of the chemical stabilisation program, injection methodology, chemical consumption, field trials, and laboratory test results are explicated in this paper with the details of post rectification performance of the test foundation. The properly executed injection grouting using chemical components was observed to be an effective measure to stabilise the subsoil by enhancing its engineering properties to a certain extent. The key factors that can affect the performance of colloidal silica-based chemical and precautions to be considered during soil stabilisation are also discussed in this paper.

The Role of Industrial Internship Activities to Improve Digital Competency of Engineering Students: Perception of Engineering Managers in Industry

Collaboration between the campus and the industrial world can bridge the gap that occurs between the campus and the industrial world, so that both can be integrated and synergized. This study qualitatively explored the contribution of maximizing work-integrated learning through industrial internships. The research findings from the perspective of three industry managers reveal that industrial internships can improve engineering students’ digital engineering competencies such as digital engineering observation and identification, basic and technical understanding of digital technology, work safety, predictive maintenance and programming skills to be ready to enter the workforce. The implications of the research reveal that through industrial internships students can learn from mistakes and challenges faced during industrial projects, for the development of their professional competencies. In addition, the experience and development of digital engineering competencies from the industrial world can be used as a reference for their final assignments, as well as enriching the quality of their research and academic reports, as it can bridge the gap between formal education and the demands in the ever-evolving world of work.

두뇌 유입(Brain Gain) 관점에서 외국인 유학생의 국내 고용 활성화를 위한 IPA 분석 : 정부출연연구기관 이공계 석·박사과정을 중심으로

With Korea's total fertility rate recorded at 0.72 in 2023, there is even a pessimistic prospect that it will become the 'first country to extinguish the population'. In the face of serious demographic challenges such as a population decline, regions disappear, and a lack of high-quality human resources in the industry due to a rapid decline in the fertility rate, the Korean government and each local government are pouring out various policies to alleviate these problems by utilizing the capabilities of international students. This study analyzed the importance of domestic employment promotion activities and differences in the degree of implementation of the employment support system for international students studying as master's and doctoral students at government-funded research institutes using the importance-performance analysis(IPA) methodology. As a result of the analysis, 'recommendation of supervisors' and 'industrial cooperation projects' were evaluated as the most important employment promotion activities, and in the employment support system, 'flexible visa system' and 'simplification of immigration procedures' for researchers were recognized as important. In addition, it was found that there is a difference in perception between the importance and performance of international students depending on the region of residence and country of origin, so a strategy for promoting employment tailored to the region of residence and country of origin is necessary. This study is limited to international students in science and engineering who are enrolled in U graduate university, so there is a limit to the generalization of research results. In future research, extended research is needed including international students from science and technology specialized universities and base national universities. In addition, it is proposed to expand the study on how the expectations and demands of the employment support system of international students differ according to the cultural context by comprehensively considering the country and cultural background and economic conditions that affect the employment activation of international students.

Revitalization of urban industrial heritage from a perspective of spatial production theory: the case study of “Old market” project

ABSTRACT The renewal of urban industrial heritage brings many benefits, meanwhile facing challenges, and there is a lack of in-depth and specific case study analysis. Based on spatial production theory, this paper takes an iconic project as an example to explore its construction process and reveal the spatial and social changes it triggers. This case study investigates the changes in physical and social spaces resulting from the shift in the subjects of spatial production. By analyzing document data, spatial data, and field data, the following key findings and conclusions are obtained: 1) Capital led the regeneration process, transformed decaying factory buildings into consumer space, and activated the economic vitality of the area. 2) The construction of the physical space changed the spatial layout, structure and function that attracted the creative community and young visitors, changing daily lives of the space users. 3) However, the neglect of industrial culture and participation of nearby residents are obvious challenges. The results indicate that using spatial production as a theoretical analysis framework helps us fully understand the challenges faced in the renewal of urban industrial heritage projects. This study can provide a reference for small-scale urban heritage renewal projects, facilitating accurate decision-making.

Circular economy and critical barriers: Mapping the pathways and success metrics for sustainable circular success in industrialised South Asian developing nations

The economy of a developing country is often industry centric, and is recognised globally. The circular economy (CE) model involves a manufacturing approach where products are systematically remanufactured and recycled within facilities to minimize waste. The emerging domain of CE in industrialised South Asian economies offers considerable benefits for developing countries due to its sustainable production, although its adoption is obstructed by various barriers. This research aims to develop a model for adopting CE within the industrial sector of South Asian developing nations by analysing the interrelation between overcoming circular economy adoption barriers (CEABs) and sustainable circular success (SCS). To attain this, questionnaire was completed by 310 industrial experts in Pakistan. Furthermore, a partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was employed to specify the barriers and inspect the interrelation between overcoming CEABs and SCS. The findings revealed a high correlation, with addressing the CEABs contributing 66.1 % to the SCS of the industrial sector. The results of this study indicate the outer loadings and average variance extracted values for all constructs surpassed the minimum threshold of 0.5, validating their acceptance. Moreover, the constructs in the study were measured reliably, exceeding a value of 0.8, which signify strong internal consistency. Additionally, the average path coefficient value (β) of 0.172 indicates a medium and positive correlation between CEABs and SCS. The study's findings can be used as a reference for policymakers to explore the primary barriers to CE adoption in developing nations and achieve SCS in industrial projects.