Industrial Police Research Articles

Formation of the Industrial Police on the Territory of the Donetsk Coal-Mining Basin (Pre-Soviet Period)

Introduction. Development of the industrial production in the regions becomes possible on condition of attracting the labour resources and creating the appropriate socio-economic conditions, acceptable living, training and leisure opportunities for employees. Solving these tasks results in formation of the industrial clusters and development of the settlements with the city-forming industrial enterprises. The settlements that have emerged as an evidence of the technological progress and as a result of formation of the economic relationships differ from the settlements and cities formed under the dominating influence of the agricultural and commercial sectors. First of all, the differences refer to the intensity of migration flows, quick emergence of the agglomerations consisting of the class-homogeneous labour collectives represented by the proletariat (including the stratum of engineers and craftsmen). For this reason, during formation of the industrial sector in the Russian Empire in the second half of the XIX century, a special kind of internal affairs authorities called the “industrial police” had evolved, which were partly funded at the expense of the extrabudgetary funds of the served enterprises. These practices had spread throughout the Donetsk coal-mining basin, which included an immense territory from the city of Shakhty, Rostov region (former Aleksandrovsk-Grushevskii, Province of the Don Cossack Host) – in the east to the city of Donetsk, Donetsk People's Republic (former Yuzovka, Yekaterinoslav province) – in the west. Nowadays, a scientific study of the industrial police formation process on the territory of Donbass is relevant and especially valuable due to the fact that from 2022 the coal-mining basin has become an integral part of the Russian Federation and because it possesses the vast historical and industrial-production experience of joint development and cooperation of its constituent regions, including in the field of law enforcement activities. Therefore, the paper targets to investigate the process of formation of the industrial police on the territory of the Donetsk coal-mining basin (at the pre–Soviet period).Materials and Methods. The objects of the study were the legal relations referring to the formation and development of the industrial police on the territory of the Donetsk coal-mining basin in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. The study was carried out based on the empirical analysis of the history of the law enforcement authorities on the territory of the Donetsk coal-mining basin. While preparing the article, the principle of historicism was applied, historicallegal, dogmatic legal and system-structural methods of scientific research were used. Along with the specific scientific methods of jurisprudence knowledge, the general scientific methods of synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as the comparative, systemic and cognitive methods were used.Results. A scientific concept of the Donbass law enforcement system, which had existed at the turn of the XIX– XX centuries within the Province of the Don Cossack Host and had represented a specific subject of the Russian Empire in the pre-Soviet period, was formed. The regulatory legal acts, which had been the basis for the emergence and development of the industrial police, ensuring protection of the public order and safety, were identified and studied. The historically justified key dates of the Donbass industrial police formation were distinguished and might be used in the moral, psychological and memorial work, demonstrating the unity of the population living on the territory of the Donetsk coalmining basin in the past and future.Discussion and Conclusion. Enforcement of the law is an important part of the law enforcement function of the state and is being ensured across the whole territory of the Russian Federation, including the “new regions” of Russia, which had been previously detached from it in 1991 due to undoing the USSR. Therefore, the research in the historical and legal development of the industrial police of the Donetsk coal-mining basin demonstrates the historical unity of the peoples of Donbass throughout the single state. The conclusions drawn by the authors upon the conducted research directly refer to ensuring the national ideological security of the Russian Federation.

Challenges In Industrial Police Field Work: Insights From Bangladesh

This study examines the formidable challenges faced by Industrial Police-2 Gazipur personnel on the job in Bangladesh. Through focus group discussions with 20 experienced male and female police constables, this research identifies critical issues such as inadequate training in crowd control, legal restrictions, logistical deficiencies, impartiality concerns, intelligence gaps, political influence, trade union coordination gaps, inter-unit cooperation deficits, police image crisis, and inadequate female representation. These findings shed light on crucial factors influencing industrial police operations in Bangladesh and provide practical advice for enhancing their effectiveness and public perception.

Challenges in Industrial Police Field Work: Insights from Bangladesh

Challenges in Industrial Police Field Work: Insights from Bangladesh

Potential Public Health Threats to Ready Made Garments (RMG) Workers During COVID -19 in Bangladesh: A Call for Actions

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become the most critical and greatest global health disaster of the century that the humankind faced since the Second World War. The public authorities of different countries are continuing the lockdown period to mitigate the probable dispersion of the virus. Though continuing lockdown is minimizing the impact of COVID-19 in several countries, it is affecting the economy of the countries at the same time inversely. The apparel industry is considered as one of the most vulnerable sectors. Bangladesh is not an exception to that, as it is the second-largest Readymade Garment (RMG) exporter following China. The suppliers were struggling with financial issues and could not pay the legal wages to the workers. Thus the ultimate impact of COVID-19 fell upon the workers of this sector. They became the most victim due to the order cancellation and delay order shipments. Millions of RMG workers in Bangladesh were started to face layoffs or furloughs. The overall condition led to re-open some garment factories during the lockdown by following proper instructions regarding COVID-19. However, the situation became worst when the workers were not maintaining the health instructions. Therefore, the RMG factories should ensure that the workers are maintaining the minimum distance between each other. A collaborative approach of the government authorities i.e. Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments (DIFE), Industrial police, and the local police authorities, should be materialized in ensuring the safety measurements along with other preventive measurement strategies.

Spinners and the Law: Regulating Yarn Standards in the English Worsted Industries, 1550–1800

The Worsted Acts, passed between 1777 and 1791, established semi-official industrial police forces in nearly a third of the counties of England, charged with detecting and prosecuting fraudulent reeling of worsted yarn by hand spinners. The Acts have been interpreted as the response of late eighteenth-century employers to new and growing problems of labour discipline associated with the putting-out system. But frauds by spinners in reeling yarn were not new. They had characterised the worsted industry since its rapid expansion began at the end of the sixteenth century. Over the subsequent two centuries, employers addressed the problem repeatedly. How they tackled it depended crucially on the way the different regional worsted industries were organised and on dramatic changes in the willingness and capacity of the state to regulate manufacturing. The Worsted Acts emerge as the product of a distinctive eighteenth-century approach to industrial regulation, reactive and particularistic, but bureaucratically innovative.

Resistance from the Margins: The Yorkshire Worsted Spinners, Policing, and the Transformation of Work in the Early Industrial Revolution

This article takes as its subject the handspinners of Yorkshire's eighteenth-century worsted industry. When not ignored altogether, historians have presented handspinners as invariably weak and passive. While manufacturers exploited the industry's women workers, spinners were neither submissive nor compliant. Their history, in part, was one of resistance. Spinners' everyday resistance took its most important form in the unauthorized practice of supplementing money wages with yarn and wool from the production process. The scale and extent of such pilfering led manufacturers to one of the more remarkable initiatives in eighteenth-century industrial relations: the establishment of an industrial police force to detect and prosecute embezzlement. Policing would play a major role in the industry. Ultimately, however, its limitations helped to prompt manufacturers to pursue organizational and technological innovations to bring greater order to the spinning sector. Thus spinners' prosaic resistance had the unforeseen consequence of contributing to the demise of their occupation.

A political economy of community policing

Places recent trends in policing in the USA into historical context, emphasizing the critical importance of political, economic, and social forces on the formation and development of police institutions and practices. Specifically, this paper describes four major developments in policing in relation to the US political economy: pre‐industrial police, industrial police, modern police, and postmodern police. Each of these developments has unique characteristics. At the same time, each retains certain structural imperatives which transcend the particulars and ultimately tend to preserve the police as front line defenders of the status quo. It is through an analysis of historically specific characteristics of, and fundamental structural conditions for policing that this paper contributes to a better understanding of the potential of contemporary police agencies to play a role in achieving either greater social justice or just greater social control.

From Industrial Police to Workmen's Compensation: Public Policy and Industrial Accidents in New York, 1880–1910

From Industrial Police to Workmen's Compensation: Public Policy and Industrial Accidents in New York, 1880–1910

Public Responsibility and Federal Advisory Groups: a Case Study

HE PARTICIPATION of private groups in the electoral and legislative processes is time-honored, and an essential feature of democratic government. But the delegation of public power to private groups at a later stage in the governmental process has no theoretical foundation in democratic thought; it reflects rather the philosophy of corporativism. In the Schecter case the Supreme Court, in holding the National Recovery Administration to involve an unconstitutional delegation of legislative power, glanced askance at the participation of industry committees in the rule-making function;1 and in the Carter Coal case,2 in holding the first Guffey Coal Act unconstitutional, the Court emphasized the fact that the delegation of legislative power was to a private body. Nevertheless the practice has made some headway. States have given the power of arrest to the Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and have given public status to privately paid industrial police.3 In effect the integrated gives the power of licensing lawyers to the state bar association, and the Missouri plan gives the bar association a powerful voice in the choice of state judges. State unfair trade practice laws have virtually authorized trade associations to fix legally binding retail prices.4 The federal government has on a number of occasions entrusted to private groups the power of nominating persons to be appointed to public office.5 In the 1930's federal regulatory legislation introduced a number of devices which made official action dependent upon the approval of those who produced or marketed agricultural commodities.6 Recent legislative history also shows an increasing tendency to grant representation to private groups in the administrative process.7 No one would contend that the interest of the public rather than of special groups is invariably served when private groups are denied a share in appointive or rule-making or administrative functions. It does seem possible, however, as the Supreme Court has suggested, that delegating