Industrial Mission Research Articles

Book Review: Seo Deok-Seok, A Gospel for Workers: Cho Chi Song, Yeongdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission, and Minjung

Book Review: Seo Deok-Seok, <i>A Gospel for Workers: Cho Chi Song, Yeongdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission, and Minjung</i>

A Gospel for Workers: Cho Chi Song, Yeongdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission, and Minjung, written by Seo Deok-Seok

A Gospel for Workers: Cho Chi Song, Yeongdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission, and Minjung, written by Seo Deok-Seok

The State, Religion, and Violence in Colonial and Postcolonial Malawi

In the histories of both colonial and postcolonial Malawi, there have been cases of religious-related violence, both in its physical and non-physical forms. Such cases have led to the deaths of the “perpetrators” of violence and ‘innocent’ believers, destruction of property, prison detentions, and even the forced removal of citizens from the country. This paper analyzes two case studies, one in which private citizens perpetrated the violence, led by a preacher called John Chilembwe, of the Providence Industrial Mission (PIM), challenging British colonial authorities during the second decade of the twentieth century. In the second case, the focus is on the independent Malawi government, which used violence against members of the Jehovah’s Witness (JW) religious sect from the early 1960s to the early 1990s, owing to the Witnesses’ disassociation from the demands of the secular state. Using data primarily drawn from various archives and other published studies, this paper argues that the use of ‘religious-based violence’ is not just a domain ‘reserved’ for those experiencing oppression, exclusion, and marginalization. Rather, authoritarian governments, like the one that emerged in postcolonial Malawi and other parts of Africa, also resorted to using ‘religious-based violence’ to serve as a tool for eliminating ‘non-conforming’ religious sects and organizations. In doing so, this paper contributes to the various fields of scholarship, including the relationship between religion and violence in modern Africa and the dynamics and operations of the state in both colonial and postcolonial Africa.

African American education in the Global South: tracing the influences of industrial training in early twentieth-century Fiji

ABSTRACT While Fiji was a British colony, in the early twentieth century, education to Indigenous Fijians was delivered by missions including the Methodist Overseas Mission of Australasia. As argued here, education delivery was influenced by policies for African Americans. Policies from Tuskegee Institute in the American South were transposed to Nausori, where i taukei (people of the land) and Indo-Fijians were encouraged into industrial mission schemes, away from traditional communal lifestyles. This article illustrates how contemporary educational philosophies for and by Black men and women were part of a broader education network that acted as a locus of colonial reform. While some in the colonial hierarchy considered his emphasis on agricultural training appropriate to their vision of Native Fijian advancement, concurrently, Fijians themselves – passing through the mission system promoted competing forms of modernisation. They used missionary education, including influences of Washington’s approach, to speak back to British power and authority.

Application of Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) Model and Image Processing Approaches in Game Design

In recent decades, the Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) model has shown good potential and capability in image generation and dimensionality reduction. The combination of VAE and various machine learning frameworks has also worked effectively in different daily life applications, however its possible use and effectiveness in modern game design has seldom been explored nor assessed. The use of its feature extractor for data clustering has also been minimally discussed in the literature neither. This study first attempts to explore different mathematical properties of the VAE model, in particular, the theoretical framework of the encoding and decoding processes, the possible achievable lower bound and loss functions of different applications; then applies the established VAE model to generate new game levels based on two well-known game settings; and to validate the effectiveness of its data clustering mechanism with the aid of the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) database. Respective statistical metrics and assessments are also utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed VAE model in aforementioned case studies. Based on the statistical and graphical results, several potential deficiencies, for example, difficulties in handling high-dimensional and vast datasets, as well as insufficient clarity of outputs are discussed; then measures of future enhancement, such as tokenization and the combination of VAE and GAN models, are also outlined. Hopefully, this can ultimately maximize the strengths and advantages of VAE for future game design tasks and relevant industrial missions.

Chemical fingerprints and source resolution of atmospheric fine particles in an industrial harbor based on one-year intermittent field sampling data

This study investigated the spatiotemporal variation, chemical characteristics, and source resolution of PM2.5 in an East Asian seaport adjacent to industrial complex and urban area. Three representative harbor sites were selected to simultaneously sample 24-h PM2.5 once every 13 days in four seasons. A significant seasonal variation was observed with the highest and the lowest PM2.5 concentration in February (winter) and May (summer), respectively. High contribution of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs) showed that SO2 and NOx emitted from neighboring combustion sources burning coal and heavy fuel oil (HFO) were the major precursors forming secondary inorganic PM2.5. High ratios of V/Ni and V/Cu were observed in summer (June~August) since the prevailing west and southwest winds from outer port carried ship emissions to inter port. The correlation of chemical fingerprints (V, Ni, V/Ni, Zn, nss-SO42−, OC) and the number of ships were high at the Zhung-He Site and moderate at the Qi-Ho Site. The Cl−, Na+, V, Ni, nss-SO42−, OC, and V/Ni of PM2.5 were co-influenced by ship missions and oceanic spray in the Kaohsiung Harbor. The influences were relatively higher for winds blown from the harbor areas than those blown from the industrial areas. Oppositely, the Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ca, Zn, and Al in PM2.5 were higher for winds blown from the industrial areas than those from the harbor areas. The CMB receptor modelling resolved that the major sources of PM2.5 were industrial missions, secondary aerosols, mobile sources, ship emissions, oceanic spray, fugitive dust, biomass burning, and organic carbon. Similar to Busan (South Korea), Brindisi (Italy), Lampedusa (Italy), and Barcelona (Spain), the contributions of ship emissions in the Kaohsiung Harbor were in the range of 7.4–7.8 %. Meanwhile, Kaohsiung Harbor was highly influenced by emissions from industrial areas and urban areas.

SMART Cables Observing the Oceans and Earth

Abstract The Joint Task Force, Science Monitoring And Reliable Telecommunications (SMART) Subsea Cables is working to integrate environmental sensors (temperature, pressure, seismic acceleration) into submarine telecommunications cables. This will support climate and ocean observation, sea-level monitoring, observations of Earth structure, tsunami and earthquake early warning, and disaster risk reduction. Recent advances include regional SMART pilot systems that are the initial steps to trans-ocean and global implementation. Building on the OceanObs'19conference and community white paper (&lt;ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00424"&gt;https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00424&lt;/ext-link&gt;), this paper presents an overview of the initiative and a description of ongoing projects including: InSea wet demonstration project off Sicily; Vanuatu and New Caledonia; Indonesia; CAM-2 ring system connecting the Portuguese mainland, Azores, and Madeira; New Zealand; and Antarctica. In addition to the diverse scientific and societal benefits, the telecommunications industry's mission of societal connectivity will also benefit because environmental awareness improves both individual cable system integrity and the resilience of the overall global communications network.

Australia’s energy transition catalyst

Our transition to net zero must be affordable and competitive, secure and reliable, and clean and sustainable – otherwise known as the energy trilemma. As Australia’s national science agency, CSIRO is uniquely positioned to support Australian government and industry in catalysing Australia’s energy transition towards net zero emissions. Dr Patrick Hartley, head of CSIRO’s Hydrogen Industry Mission, will explain how CSIRO is addressing the challenges associated with the energy trilemma both domestically and abroad through assessment, development, and demonstration of priority low emission technologies – with a particular focus on the role of hydrogen. To view the video, click on the link to the right.

영등포산업선교회 조지송의 산업선교 역사와 선교신학적 해석

The aim of the thesis is to suggest the history of the industrial mission done by Ji-song Jo of the Youngdeungpo Urban Industrial Mission from 1964 to 1979, to interpret his industrial mission from the perspective of theology of mission, and to learn from his industrial mission. His industrial mission consisted of three periods: the industrial evangelism conducted by laypeople, the industrial mission done by the union, and the industrial mission done by small group activities. His industrial mission was interpreted as incarnation, the missio Dei, presence, diakonia, and a community of clowns, and explained from the perspective of salvation, money and union ecclesiology. From his industrial mission, we can learn about subjects such as thorough education of ministers for the industrial mission, the industrial mission as presence, and the effectiveness of living words for education.

LoRa Communications as an Enabler for Internet of Drones towards Large-Scale Livestock Monitoring in Rural Farms.

Currently, smart farming is considered an effective solution to enhance the productivity of farms; thereby, it has recently received broad interest from service providers to offer a wide range of applications, from pest identification to asset monitoring. Although the emergence of digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs), has led to significant advances in the smart farming industry, farming operations still need more efficient solutions. On the other hand, the utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, is growing rapidly across many civil application domains. This paper aims to develop a farm monitoring system that incorporates UAV, LPWAN, and IoT technologies to transform the current farm management approach and aid farmers in obtaining actionable data from their farm operations. In this regard, an IoT-based water quality monitoring system was developed because water is an essential aspect in livestock development. Then, based on the Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN®) technology, a multi-channel LoRaWAN® gateway was developed and integrated into a vertical takeoff and landing drone to convey collected data from the sensors to the cloud for further analysis. In addition, to develop LoRaWAN®-based aerial communication, a series of measurements and simulations were performed under different configurations and scenarios. Finally, to enhance the efficiency of aerial-based data collection, the UAV path planning was optimized. Measurement results showed that the maximum achievable LoRa coverage when operating on-air via the drone is about 10 km, and the Longley–Rice irregular terrain model provides the most suitable path loss model for the scenario of large-scale farms, and a multi-channel gateway with a spreading factor of 12 provides the most reliable communication link at a high drone speed (up to 95 km/h). Simulation results showed that the developed system can overcome the coverage limitation of LoRaWAN® and it can establish a reliable communication link over large-scale wireless sensor networks. In addition, it was shown that by optimizing flight paths, aerial data collection could be performed in a much shorter time than industrial mission planning (up to four times in our case).

Kaparlgoo Blue: On the Adoption of Laundry Blue Pigment into the Visual Culture of Western Arnhem Land, Australia

It has been argued that laundry blue (whitener) was introduced into western Arnhem Land in the second half of the 1920s by missionaries, where it was used by Aboriginal people in rock art and on a variety of objects. Recent examination of museum collections acquired from the Northern Territory Native Industrial Mission at Kapalga in today’s Kakadu National Park, shows that the introduction of laundry blue into local Aboriginal artistic practices was earlier, around 1900. We discuss two examples of objects painted with laundry blue, a fibre basket and a bark belt, as well as broader ethnographic evidence relating to the significance of the color blue. We argue that the use of laundry blue is not only the result of access to an exotic new color but also has links to existing cultural beliefs.

Anglicans and the New Jerusalem: the Church of England and social reconstruction in Britain, 1945–1985

ABSTRACT Reports of English Christian socialism’s death at the end of the Second World War were greatly exaggerated. Like their Catholic counterparts in much of western Europe, Anglican Christian socialists contributed to debates about post-war reconstruction, issuing warnings against an impersonal or bureaucratic state and experimenting with small-scale community initiatives such as industrial missions, parish meetings and housing associations. From the 1950s, the worldview inherited from Victorian Christian socialism began to be challenged by affluence, anti-colonialism, the decline of deference and eventually by the rise of identity politics. Criticism also came from radical Christian socialists like David Nicholls who found the incarnationalist tradition of Henry Scott Holland too comfortable and paternalistic. Nevertheless, Anglican ideas of national community retained some of their attraction into the late 20th century, particularly offering an alternative vision of society to Thatcherism in the 1980s. This article is based on a lecture given to the 2020 Scott Holland symposium.

United Against Racism and a Call for Action [Ethical, Legal, and Societal Issues

Discusses the need for the RAS society - as well as the engineering community in general - to address the subject of anti-racism and develop an inclusive technology and professional values that acknowledges diversity and promotes inclusiveness as an industry mission and goal.

Seeking Solidarity between Protestant and Catholic Churches for Social Justice in Korea: The Case of the Korea Christian Action Organization for Urban Industrial Mission (Saseon) (1976–1989)

The Korea Christian Action Organization for Urban Industrial Mission (Hanguk-gyohoe-sahoeseongyo-hyeubuihoe (Saseon)) was an organization which devoted itself not only to the Korean democratization movement against the military dictatorship, but also to the movement for the improvement of the quality of life of laborers, farmers, and the urban poor from 1976 to 1989. Saseon, a joint organization of Protestants and Catholics, trained activists dedicated to democratization and the people’s right to life movements. The Protestants and Catholics of Saseon believed that participation in social movements was missionary work building the Kingdom of God on Earth, and that they could set a good example of solidarity with a common goal of social justice and a mission for the poor which transcended their theological differences. This paper will illuminate the cooperation between Korean Protestant and Catholic churches toward the common goal of social justice, focusing on the case of Saseon.

An engineering career as industrial mission: Jack Keiser in post-war Britain

ABSTRACT British mechanical engineer Jack Keiser’s postwar career in industrial education was simultaneously a career in justice work and Christian industrial mission. This paper examines the Christian critique of industry Keiser developed early in his career, as he transitioned in 1949–1950 into his life’s work in firm-based industrial education, and asks how historians of technology might interpret a critique that characterized industry in hyperbolic terms as enslaving or demonic. Keiser’s was part of an international critique connected to three important post-war Christian institutions: Student Christian Movement, the Industrial Mission Movement, and the World Council of Churches. He engaged with justice at both an intimate and a cosmic level, intimately through face-to-face relationships with apprentices and trainees under his supervision, and cosmically by engaging with the biblical prophets through whom God called for justice.

The Industrial Gospel of Robert Laws and the Livingstonia Expedition

It has been widely assumed that academic education lay at the heart of nineteenth century Scottish missions in Africa. This article will argue that a particular form of education that included artisan skills-based, commercial and industrial training was the basis of the Livingstonia expedition led by Robert Laws in Nyasaland from 1875. Inspired by Dr James Stewart of Lovedale, financed by Free Church businessmen from Glasgow and led by teams of tradesmen, the aim of this mission was to establish small settlements that would create a network of trading centres from which commerce, civilisation and Christianity would spread across Africa. The ambitions and character of these first missionaries, not least Laws, exercised a fundamental influence upon the nature and purpose of this enterprise. Livingstonia was the most industrial mission of the modern era in Africa. A practical skills-based education was central to the gospel according to Robert Laws.

The Activities of the Inchon Urban Industrial Mission in the 1960ʼs and Rev. George Ogle.

The Activities of the Inchon Urban Industrial Mission in the 1960ʼs and Rev. George Ogle.

Natural teaching for humanoid robot via human-in-the-loop scene-motion cross-modal perception

PurposeThis paper aims to present a human-in-the-loop natural teaching paradigm based on scene-motion cross-modal perception, which facilitates the manipulation intelligence and robot teleoperation.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed natural teaching paradigm is used to telemanipulate a life-size humanoid robot in response to a complicated working scenario. First, a vision sensor is used to project mission scenes onto virtual reality glasses for human-in-the-loop reactions. Second, motion capture system is established to retarget eye-body synergic movements to a skeletal model. Third, real-time data transfer is realized through publish-subscribe messaging mechanism in robot operating system. Next, joint angles are computed through a fast mapping algorithm and sent to a slave controller through a serial port. Finally, visualization terminals render it convenient to make comparisons between two motion systems.FindingsExperimentation in various industrial mission scenes, such as approaching flanges, shows the numerous advantages brought by natural teaching, including being real-time, high accuracy, repeatability and dexterity.Originality/valueThe proposed paradigm realizes the natural cross-modal combination of perception information and enhances the working capacity and flexibility of industrial robots, paving a new way for effective robot teaching and autonomous learning.

Turning Away From Industrial Health Care Toward Careful and Kind Care.

The health care industry is increasingly driven by the pursuit of value. The author of this Invited Commentary believes this value is nothing more than a business rebranding of efficiency with little connection to care. Overclocked clinicians, increasingly impaired by symptoms of burnout and too focused on documenting, cannot see patients in high definition. The author shows that treatment which is blind to patients' contexts often overwhelms patients with medical errands, a topic absent from medical curricula. Care must not be the means by which health care satisfies its industrial mission but, rather, the end for which it mobilizes its means. In unhurried consultations, clinicians must appreciate and respond sensibly to patients' problematic situation, and care for and about them. Medical training must cultivate future clinicians who value caring over caring for value. Medical educators and trainees at all levels must turn away from industrial health care, toward careful and kind care for all.

The Innovative Heritage of the Urban Industrial Mission in the Korean Religious Market: A Case Study of YDP-UIM

The Innovative Heritage of the Urban Industrial Mission in the Korean Religious Market: A Case Study of YDP-UIM