Industrial Computer Systems Research Articles

Development of Cotton Picker Fire Monitoring System Based on GA-BP Algorithm.

Due to the characteristics of the cotton picker working in the field and the physical characteristics of cotton, it is easy to burn during the operation, and it is difficult to be detected, monitored, and alarmed. In this study, a fire monitoring system of cotton pickers based on GA optimized BP neural network model was designed. By integrating the monitoring data of SHT21 temperature and humidity sensors and CO concentration monitoring sensors, the fire situation was predicted, and an industrial control host computer system was developed to monitor the CO gas concentration in real time and display it on the vehicle terminal. The BP neural network was optimized by using the GA genetic algorithm as the learning algorithm, and the data collected by the gas sensor were processed by the optimized network, which effectively improved the data accuracy of CO concentration during fires. In this system, the CO concentration in the cotton box of the cotton picker was validated, and the measured value of sensor was compared with the actual value, which verified the effectiveness of the optimized BP neural network model with GA. The experimental verification showed that the system monitoring error rate was 3.44%, the accurate early warning rate was over 96.5%, and the false alarm rate and the missed alarm rate were less than 3%. In this study, the fire of cotton pickers can be monitored in real time and an early warning can be made in time, and a new method was provided for accurate monitoring of fire in the field operation of cotton pickers.

Advanced correlation method for bit position detection towards high accuracy data processing in industrial computer systems

Modern industrial computer systems should be reliable, noise-immune, high-speed, and error-free which is difficult due to noise and industrial interferences. In the case of single additive errors, bit insertion/dropping can occur in the outputs of demodulators which implies long error packets which are hard to correct. To provide highly reliable data transmission, parameters of bit errors exemplified by the length of insertion/dropping and position of bits have to be evaluated but widely used methods for detecting and evaluating bit errors do not yield such parameters. In this paper, two new methods are proposed as a solution to this problem for the estimation of bit error parameters under single additive errors in which the difference between two positions of clock elements in the reference sequence and the received pseudorandom sequence is calculated. The new method, in addition to algorithmic effectiveness and efficiency, makes it also possible to reduce the hardware complexity of devices to be implemented for detecting and estimating the bit error parameters. Specifically, when implemented on a specialized programmable signal processor the new approach yields the computational complexity as ∼200 + 27 T clock cycles.

Design and development of the PLC based sensor and instrumentation system for self-propelled pruning residue mulcher prototype

The main idea of this paper is to present a programmable logic controller (PLC) based data acquisition, telemetry, and control system for self-propelled pruning residue mulcher prototype. The main power source of the mulcher prototype is the diesel engine. Hydraulic systems were used to transmit the motion received from the motor to the wheels, pick up and mulching unit, and steering systems. The operation and control of all systems were carried out using a PLC-based electromechanical system. The objective of this paper is to develop a PLC-based measuring and controlling system in order to control, collect, and monitor the sensor-based data such as: number of cycles of the fingers in the pick-up unit, the speed of the mulcher blades, machine forward speed, fuel consumption, and pump pressures. In the system, an embedded industrial computer and differential global positioning system (DGPS) were used to assist in real-time measuring, recording, controlling, and displaying all the sensor data during the field operation. The control of the machine is built using industry-standard off-the-shelf PLCs. The data acquisition software was written using VB.NET programming language. The PLC-based sensor and instrumentation system was tested and validated on different orchards. Test results show that the developed control and data acquisition system is well qualified with high control precision and high reaction speed. The developed machine is the first self-propelled agricultural mulcher machine developed in Turkey. And there is no other example in the world in terms of using PLC-based control and data acquisition system in self-propelled pruning residue mulchers.

End-to-end design of mechatronic industrial and automotive computer systems

Due to the constant information develop-ment of society and its industrial component, new transport systems and machines have reached a high level of information excellence. Accordingly, there is a new contradiction between the rapid development of tools and methods of informatization of complex objects and systems, the development of transport telematics (internal for cars and other vehicles and external internal transport control systems) and the heterogeneous nature of existing subsystems and components of the transport complex. Of Ukraine. The problem of resolving this contradiction will allow at all levels of transport infrastructure to improve services to residents of cities and regions, improve transport processes, avoid existing negative consequences: traffic disruptions, unsatisfactory condition of roads, irrational use of funds for re-pair, operation and equipment of highways. This will help improve traffic safety, improve the quality of transport services, ensure people's comfort and save cargo. The goal of the study is to create software and hardware for virtual management, its intellectualization based on the use of virtual logis-tics of transportation processes, providing road users, tools of virtual management, a kind of virtual logistics. The purpose of this article is to study the problem of expressing and proving new rules and concepts for providing knowledge and skills to people who want to work in the IT field of transport applications. The sequence of acquiring knowledge and skills of people who have improved their personal professional level in road transport is determined. The idea of computer science as system engineering of successful consecutive creation of computer equip-ment and software of complex systems by combining their computer and software engineering in the field of motor transport is offered. The scope of use of the obtained results is road transport road organizations of Ukraine, residents of cities and regions as individuals or legal entities of users of transport services.

Cost-Effective Hot-Standby Redundancy With Synchronization Using EtherCAT and Real-Time Ethernet Protocols

When designing and manufacturing industrial computer systems, many different issues must be considered. The most important of these are the temporal characteristics and real-time operation. Another factor is the distribution of the system, usually over a wide area, operation in harsh environments, and, finally, the system’s dependability. When addressing the last issue, redundancy is commonly employed. This can be applied in many ways, e.g., by providing redundant communication links (buses and communication modules) and redundant sensors, input/output modules. This article considers systems that have computing unit redundancy, for which programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are often used. On the one hand, systems of this kind should be reliable and capable of real-time operations. On the other hand, they should be economically attractive. There are many solutions available on the market for the implementation of systems with redundancy. However, they are always rather expensive. Of course, the price is for a robust solution with dedicated hardware and many built-in features that are crucial in highly reliable systems, such as autodiagnostics. Nevertheless, such powerful products are not always required. This article presents an example of a cost-effective implementation of an industrial controller with hot-standby redundancy using regular devices and an Ethernet communication interface for the needs of synchronization of the computing units. For this purpose, EtherCAT and real-time Ethernet protocols were used. Note to Practitioners—This article is motivated by the problem of high cost of application of systems with computing units redundancy based on dedicated components, such as the latest S7-1500R/H Redundant System by Siemens or PACSystems Profinet System Redundancy by Emerson (former GE IP). The above solutions are powerful and sophisticated. However, sometimes, simpler solutions would suffice. This article shows how a system with computing unit redundancy could be built in a cost-effective way and, at the same time, provide all the basic features expected from systems with redundancy, i.e., fault detection, automatic switchover, and synchronization. All this is done with a common embedded programmable device and an open Ethernet-based communication network.

Dynamic Vessel Position Reference System Based on DP3 System

Hu, Y.; Wang, H.T.; Yang, G.R.; Xiao, J.R., and Zhang, J., 2020. Dynamic vessel position reference system based on DP3 system. In: Al-Tarawneh, O. and Megahed, A. (eds.), Recent Developments of Port, Marine, and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 110, pp. 159–162. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.With the continuous development of ocean trade and the exploitation of marine resources, the ocean-going vessel dynamic positioning (DP) system has become a necessary core device for ships, wherein the DP3 system is the highest-level computer dynamic positioning system. Based on it, this paper conducts a research on the vessel positioning reference system, and designs and debugs a vessel positioning computer control system. The research results show that the application of DP3 system in ship positioning has many advantages, its console is mainly composed of Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), input and output system, driver and stepper motor, etc. In the DP3 system, the steering and propelling processes occur simultaneously, but once the computer system can't satisfy the requirements of both aspects, it will prioritize the steering requirements during the positioning process. The research in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the studies of oceangoing vessel positioning computer control system.

Real-Time Electrical Resistivity Measurement and Mapping Platform of the Soils with an Autonomous Robot for Precision Farming Applications.

Soil electrical resistivity (ER) is an important indicator to indirectly determine soil physical and chemical properties such as moisture, salinity, porosity, organic matter level, bulk density, and soil texture. In this study, real-time ER measurement system has been developed with the help of an autonomous robot. The aim of this study is to provide rapid measurement of the ER in large areas using the Wenner four-probe measurement method for precision farming applications. The ER measurement platform consists of the Wenner probes, a y-axis shifter driven by a DC motor through a gear reducer, all installed on a steel-frame that mount to an autonomous robot. An embedded industrial computer and differential global positioning system (DGPS) were used to assist in real-time measuring, recording, mapping, and displaying the ER and the robot position during the field operation. The data acquisition software was codded in Microsoft Visual Basic.NET. Field experiments were carried out in a 1.2 ha farmland soil. ER and DGPS values were stored in Microsoft SQL Server 2005 database, an ordinary Kriging interpolation technique by ArcGIS was used and the average ER values were mapped for the soil depth between 0 and 50 cm. As a result, ER values were observed to be between 30.757 and 70.732 ohm-m. In conclusion, the experimental results showed that the designed system works quite well in the field and the ER measurement platform is a practical tool for providing real-time soil ER measurements.

“Digital Twins” for Highly Customized Electronic Devices – Case Study on a Rework Operation

The ongoing changes in manufacturing require that new information models for industrial computer systems be developed and applied. This paper describes a concept for the material model as a “digital twin” for producing highly customised, smart electronic devices. The scope of the research is the transformation of the models that are typical for the currently used automation pyramid approach to Reference Architecture Models for Industry 4.0 (RAMI4.0). The ISA95 standard is used as the modelling tool and Open Production Connectivity Unified Architecture (OPC UA) as the communication middleware. The presented use case focuses on a rework operation that is performed during the short series production of highly customised electronic devices that are produced by the Aiut company. The paper focuses on the transformation from the static architecture of Manufacturing Execution Systems to flexible and dynamic information models.

Design and Implementation of A Circuit Board Calibration System

With the development of science and technology, the traditional artificial detection methods cannot meet the requirements of modern equipment testing and calibration. Combined with the actual demand, a kind of circuit boards calibration system are put forward. It can to realize automatic testing and calibration of the circuit boards. Many functions of the calibration system such as automatic testing, self-test and monitoring are summarized. The hardware is introduced which including the industrial computer system, calibration adapter and so on. Then, development platform, the thought of program design and the structure of the software are introduced in detail. The function of automatic calibration to specific circuit boards are realized. Because the system has good commonality and easy to extend to upgrade, the development ideas and experiences can be applied to similar circuit boards automatic testing system.

Monitoring and Control System of Underground Coal Gasification Based on Industrial Ethernet and PLC

Based on Industrial Ethernet, PLC and Industrial Computer, Monitoring and Control System of Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) were developed. Distributed measured sensor signals and complex monitoring tasks are realized by a PLC and an Industrial Computer. Star topology network is used. The connection between Monitoring system and PLC is realized by an industrial Ethernet module. The solution in laboratory condition appears reliability and quick data exchange was realized between PLC and Monitoring system.

Research on Software Architecture of the Design and Development of the Computer System on the Basis of Industrial Process Control

The industrial production of each link has widespread application of industrial process control in the computer system, the reliability and openness of the hardware equipment and hardware system should be ensured in the industrial process control computer system, implement rational software system architecture design should also be ensured, which plays a key role in the guarantee of the advancement and practicability of the system.

Monitoring System of Gate Control TWT Radar Transmitter

Gate control TWT damaged easily in high voltage and high frequency work environment of radar transmitter. The development stages of the monitoring system core technology for radar transmitter experienced relay, single-chip computer, embedded industrial computer and programmable logic controller (PLC). Embedded industrial computer and PLC monitoring system is commonly used now, and this paper gives a relatively complete system of the above. Using the power monitoring method for key parameters of gate control TWT for indirect acquisition and monitoring is proposed in this paper. Provide reference for designing a reliable, stable and efficient monitoring system of radar transmitter.

Guest Editorial Special Section on Distributed Computer Systems in Industry

The thirteen papers in this special section focus on the deployment of distributed computer systems in industry.

An Online Monitoring, Diagnosis and Control System for Heavy Duty NC Machine Tool

During machining some ultra-intense and special-shaped parts, unstability and surface ablation often turn up. Some large and heavy parts are often machined with heavy duty NC machine tool. For avoiding the processing defects of the above parts, an online monitoring, diagnosis and control system is designed for heavy duty NC machine tool. The system can online monitor the operation condition of heavy duty NC machine tool and real-time control the processing. Some methods of signal analysis and processing are adopted such as spectrum analysis, wavelet analysis, Wigner-Ville distribution and Artificial Neural Network etc. The system is developed with C language and Qt based on Linux operation system. Optical fiber communication is adopted between industrial computer and NC system. Experiment platform of the system is machining an aircraft landing gear with five-axis NC machine tool. The scheme is verified feasible after preliminary test.

On Current Situation and Development of our Industrial Automation Control Technology

The industrial automation control technology is comprehensive technology, mainly including industrial automation hardware, software and systems which reaches inspect, control and optimization, scheduling, management and decision-making, and increases yield and improve quality, reduce cost, to ensure safety. Industrial automation control technology as the most important technology in modern manufacturing in 20th century, which mainly solve the problem of production efficiency and consistency. Although automation system itself is not directly creating benefit of enterprise production, but it has obvious effect of ascension process. Our industrial automation control development road, mostly in the introduction of complete sets of equipment, and at the same time the digestion and absorption of second development and application. Currently our industrial automation control technology, industry and applications have developed greatly in industrial computer system, has been formed. At present, industrial automation control technology is intelligent, network integration and development direction

An adaptive control application in a large thermal combined power plant

In this paper, an adaptive controller was applied to a 765 MW large thermal power plant to decrease operating costs, increase quality of generated electricity and satisfy environmental concerns. Since power plants may present several operating problems such as disturbances and severe effects at operating points, design of their controllers needs to be carried out adequately. For these reasons, first, a reduced mathematical model was developed under Computer Aided Analysis and Design Package for Control, (CADACS), so that the results of the experimental model have briefly been discussed. Second, conventional PID and adaptive controllers were designed and implemented under the real-time environment of the CADACS software. Additionally, the design of the adaptive model-reference and conventional PID controllers used in the power plant for real-time control were theoretically presented. All processes were realized in real-time. Due to safety restrictions, a direct connection to the sensors and actuators of the plant was not allowed. Insted a coupling to the control system was realized. This offers, in addition, the usage of the supervisiory functions of an industrial process computer system. Application of the controllers indicated that the proposed adaptive controller has better performances for rise and settling times of electrical power, and enthalpy outputs than the conventional PID controller does.

Safety, reliability and security of industrial computer systems

Safety, reliability and security of industrial computer systems

Safety, reliability and security of industrial computer systems

Safety, reliability and security of industrial computer systems

Reducing electric power consumption in a digital input system by controlling the current which flows through the contacts

This paper proposes a novel method to cleanse electric contacts in a digital input system with low power consumption, which is suitable for industrial computer systems such as substation control systems. Oxygenated membrane on the surface of the contacts is kept away by generating small arcs when the contacts open or close. In order to reduce power consumption, the state of the contacts has to be monitored at low current. On the other hand, high current is needed to generate arcs. Our circuit can solve the problem by only supplying enough the current to generate arcs when the contact has been opened or closed. The mechanism to generate arcs is clarified experimentally and analytically, and it is shown by simulation that the proposed circuit can generate small arcs despite low power consumption.

Multiconverter Power Systems and Their Applications

As the power systems evolve to contain more and more solid-state devices, a new type of power system emerges. We call this solid-state, silicon rich, silicon intensive, power electronics based, or, as is named in this paper, multiconverter power systems. In these systems, solid-state switching power converters are extensively used for generating, distributing, and utilizing of electrical energy throughout the system. Different converters, such as DC/DC choppers, DC/AC inverters, AC/AC cycloconverters, and AC/DC rectifiers, are used in source, load, and distribution subsystems to provide power at different voltage levels and both DC and AC forms. Most of the loads are also in the form of power electronic converters and motor drives. These systems have a broad variety of applications from small multiconverter power systems, such as automotive power systems, Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (EV & HEV), advanced industrial electrical systems, telecommunications, and terrestrial computer systems with a few converters, to large systems, such as International Space Station (ISS), spacecraft, modern aircraft, submarine, and More Electric Ship (MES) power systems with many converters. Furthermore, these unconventional power systems have unique characteristics, dynamics, and stability problems that are just beginning to be appreciated. In this paper, we take a closer look at multiconverter power systems and address the fundamental problems faced in these systems. We also propose the multiconverter power systems as a new area of specialized research, which will have benefits in many applications.