University Industry Research Articles

A Review on University-Industry Collaborations from an Institutional Theory and Institutional Resilience Perspective

Institutional theory posits that organizations are in a reciprocal relationship within their environment, and in this sense, organizations are both shaped by their environment and reconstruct the existing environment with their actions. In an environment where actors mutually and reciprocally influence each other, there are substantial literature studies showing that the institutional effects may be an important factor for determining interfirm collaborations. However, the literature on institutional explanations for the establishment or non-formation of collaborations between university and industry in such environmental settings is relatively limited. In that regard, we employ institutional approach as a conceptual basis for the understanding of the processes of university- industry interactions. In our conceptual study, we aim to extend the institutional perspective by focusing on interorganizational collaborations in terms of university industry collective interactions where the actors mutually concerned with the normative, coercive, and mimetic pressures. We introduce the concept of institutional resilience to Triple Helix Model to propose some new research avenues.

Dynamic and Stable R&D Strategies for Green Technology Based on Cooperative Differential Games

As the “carbon neutrality” strategy is implemented, green technology R&D, a core competitive strength for sustainable enterprise development, is an essential pathway for China’s transformation and green growth. Green technology, a breakthrough over traditional production technologies, involves lengthy and costly R&D processes with high risks typically beyond the reach of a single enterprise. It requires the heterogeneous functions of enterprises, universities, and research institutions to complement each other’s advantages and establish an “industry–university–research” collaborative innovation alliance for green technologies. This paper constructs differential game models for non-cooperative and cooperative green technology R&D involving a green manufacturer and a research institution. We solve and compare the profits for both parties under these scenarios, apply a time-consistent payment distribution mechanism to allocate cooperative profits, and ensure that neither party deviates from the optimal cooperative trajectory over a prolonged period, achieving Pareto improvement and enhancing social welfare.

Basic or applied research in university–industry collaborations? An analysis of research orientations in knowledge creation partnerships

AbstractIn a knowledge‐based economy, university–industry collaborations play a pivotal role in driving innovation and economic growth. This study investigates the research orientations of these collaborations, focusing on the balance between basic and applied research. Using data from 631 collaborative projects funded by the French Cifre PhD programme, we find that most projects emphasize basic research (61%), contradicting the common expectation that industry‐led partnerships primarily focus on applied research. Importantly, our analysis reveals that this preference for basic research is not contingent on traditional contextual factors such as scientific discipline, company size or university type. These findings challenge established assumptions in the literature and suggest that even in industry‐sponsored research, fundamental inquiry is critical in supporting long‐term innovation strategies. This paper contributes to the understanding of research orientations in university–industry collaborations and offers practical suggestions for enhancing these partnerships and informing research policy. Additionally, we outline a research agenda for further exploration of the factors influencing research orientations, the impact of early‐stage industry engagement and the role of policies in shaping collaboration outcomes.

Research on the Optimization of Practical Teaching System under the Mode of Integration of Production and Teaching in Institute of Navigation Technology and Industry

Under the background of global economic integration and the rapid development of shipping industry, navigation technology education is facing challenges such as the disconnection between theory and practice and limited practical opportunities. In order to meet these challenges, this paper deeply analyzes the implementation status of the integration mode of production and teaching in Maritime Technology Industry College, and discusses its advantages and disadvantages in personnel training, curriculum system construction, teacher team development, training base construction and teaching quality monitoring. Through the strategies of modular curriculum design, virtual simulation training, enterprise internship opportunities, double-qualified teachers training and diversified evaluation system, this paper puts forward a set of plans to comprehensively optimize the practice teaching system. The program aims to enhance students' practical ability, innovation ability and professional accomplishment, make them better adapt to the needs of the industry, and provide high-quality talent guarantee for the sustainable development of the navigation technology industry. At the same time, this paper also emphasizes the importance of school-enterprise cooperation, and realizes the deep integration and sharing of educational resources and industrial resources through co-construction of curriculum system, teaching staff and training base. Finally, this paper looks forward to the potential contribution of the optimized practical teaching system in improving teaching quality, promoting industrial upgrading and technological innovation.

Building trust in university–industry relations: evidence from six cases of collaboration for research and innovation in Lombardy

ABSTRACT The collaboration between university and industry under the institutional arrangement of the University Third Mission has been widely investigated by scholars and, more recently, with an increasing focus on the importance of trust. In this line of research, based on the study of six cases of collaboration in one of the more economically developed regions of Italy, this article aims at analysing how trust is produced – or constructed – by actors involved in the collaborative relationships to identify different processes, factors, dynamics by which such a construction takes place, shape and content, and to discuss its contribution to the rise and maintenance of such collaborations.

No Interaction, No Problem? An Investigation of Organizational Issues in the University–Industry–Government Triad in a Transition Economy

No Interaction, No Problem? An Investigation of Organizational Issues in the University–Industry–Government Triad in a Transition Economy

R&D subsidies, tax reductions and innovation outsourcing of enterprises

As an important part of the innovation behavior of enterprises, innovation outsourcing is characterized by high technology, high threshold, and industry–university–research integration. Its status in the process of China's scientific and technological development has been continuously improved and it has received increasing attention and support through the government's innovation policies. This paper systematically tests the impact of research and development (R&D) subsidies and tax reductions on enterprises' innovation outsourcing. The results show that R&D subsidies and tax reductions can significantly increase enterprises' total amount and share of innovation outsourcing investment. An internal mechanism test shows that R&D subsidies can promote enterprises' innovation outsourcing by improving the adequacy of R&D funds and the quality of R&D staff. In addition, compared to the eastern region and non-state-owned enterprises, government subsidies have a more significant driving effect on innovation outsourcing in the central and western regions and for state-owned enterprises. The conclusions drawn in this paper provide an important empirical basis and policy reference for Chinese enterprises' internal and external innovation behaviors in the context of government innovation policies.

METALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS IN SEMI-KILLED STEEL (GRADE 25G2S) DEOXIDIZED WITH A COMPLEX ALLOY Fe-Si-Mn-Al

This study presents a metallographic analysis of non-metallic inclusions in steel samples obtained from six different heats of the oxygen converter shop at JSC «Qarmet» and under laboratory conditions at the Karaganda Industrial University. The investigation focused on semi-killed steel samples deoxidized using traditional technology under industrial conditions and with a complex alloy containing Fe-Si-Mn-Al under laboratory conditions, aiming to identify the types and assess the level of contamination by non-metallic inclusions. The results revealed the presence of various types of non-metallic inclusions, such as corundum, chromite spinel, chromium oxides, as well as titanium nitrides and carbonitrides. The degree of contamination by non-metallic inclusions ranged from 2 to 3 points. The analysis showed that the use of a complex Fe-Si-Mn-Al alloy instead of traditional deoxidizers can affect the quantitative and qualitative composition of non-metallic inclusions. It was established that the complex alloy promotes the formation of more stable inclusion phases, which can positively impact the mechanical properties of the steel. It was also found that different production technologies and the use of deoxidizers can significantly influence the quantity and types of non-metallic inclusions, requiring further study and optimization of technological processes. Therefore, the results of this study can be valuable for metallurgical enterprises in selecting optimal steel deoxidation methods and improving steel quality, as well as for further scientific research in the fields of metallurgy and materials science.

Research on the Construction of Evaluation System for the Main Position of Enterprise led Industry University Research Collaborative Innovation

The study of the evaluation system for the dominant position of enterprises in collaborative innovation between industry, academia, and research is of great significance for guiding policies, promoting cooperation, and improving innovation efficiency. This article reviews previous research, based on the life cycle theory and the process perspective of enterprise participation in industry university research collaborative innovation, and proposes the main body status and evaluation system of enterprise led industry university research collaborative innovation, including four primary indicators of research and development investment, activity participation, scientific and technological achievements, and achievement benefits, and 18 secondary indicators. At the same time, principal component analysis and factor analysis were used to quantitatively analyze relevant indicators and variables, and the rationality of the enterprise led evaluation system for collaborative innovation between industry, academia, and research was sorted out. The research findings contribute to a better understanding of the impact of enterprise led collaborative innovation between industry, academia, and research on economic and social development, and provide guidance for future research and practice.

Talent Development Practices and Exploration for Cross-Border E-commerce in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

In response to the economic development and growing demand for talent in cross-border e-commerce within the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the Cross-Border E-commerce Industry College at Guangdong University of Science and Technology has undertaken several initiatives. These include optimizing professional focus and curriculum design, enhancing faculty development, prioritizing practical teaching both on and off-campus, and improving assessment quality. By promoting collaborative education between academia and industry, the college aims to cultivate competitive, versatile talents in cross-border e-commerce. This practice serves as a valuable reference for reforming the talent development model in the Bay Area's cross-border e-commerce sector.

Supply Chain Coordination of New Energy Vehicles under a Novel Shareholding Strategy

As important methods of ecofriendly transportation, the supply chain coordination of new energy vehicles (NEVs) is an important issue in the field of sustainability. This study constructs a Stackelberg game composed of a power battery supplier and an NEV manufacturer. To better describe the coordination relationship in the NEV supply chain, we introduce the Nash bargaining framework into the fairness concern preference utility function. Through a comprehensive discussion of shareholding ratios and external environment factors, we discover that the traditional shareholding strategy fails to coordinate the NEV supply chain effectively, as enterprises seek to avoid losing management control, which occurs when excessive shares are held by others. In this context, this study proposes a novel industry–university–research (IUR) shareholding strategy, which can more easily achieve supply chain coordination and improve social welfare. In particular, this study reveals the superiority of the novel strategy in eliminating the double-marginal effect caused by high fairness concern preference among NEV enterprises. Based on these facts, we provide enterprises with optimal strategies under different conditions and offer a government-optimal subsidy to maximize the social welfare function.

Archetypes of Open Science Partnerships: connecting aims and means in open biomedical research collaborations

Open Science Partnerships (OSPs) are gaining attention as alternatives to university–industry collaborations with restrictive IPR and knowledge sharing policies. OSPs have different expected outcomes and deploy varying means to reach them. Appreciating these differences is crucial to understanding their scientific and socio-economic impact, and yet these differences have never been systematically investigated. This exploratory study draws on qualitative case studies of five biomedical OSPs involving academic partners and pharmaceutical companies. It identifies key elements—purpose, activities and structure—that can be used to describe how OSPs are designed. We identify two key aspects of purpose—predominant intent and research aims—which we argue affect the activities and structure of an OSP. Based on these two aspects, we propose four ideal types of OSPs that are designed to provide a starting point for researchers who explore the nature and impact of OSPs and for practitioners who are developing OSPs and wish to ensure that they deploy appropriate means to meet the intended outcomes of their partnership.

Playful exercise focused on microeconomics, applying gamification: “Rompeconomía”

Microeconomics is a branch of economics that focuses on the behavior of individual economic agents, such as consumers, businesses, and workers. Coupled with this, it analyzes how they interact in the market to determine supply and demand, prices and the allocation of resources. It is a fundamental tool to understand the economy and how it works in daily life. Based on this, the development of a recreational activity was carried out in order to strengthen theoretical knowledge, as well as the different market structures, in Industrial Engineering students from the Industrial University of Santander who are taking the subject "Economic environment”. To develop the activity, we worked in small groups through phases, which consist of identifying necessary aspects to prepare them based on a case study, focused on a market structure, which they must analyze in detail. This research was carried out using the research - participative action, (IAP) methodology; which allowed the identification of recreational activities to develop skills in students as economic agents, while they are instructed in aspects such as market studies, microeconomics and group work. Gamification as a tool for learning constitutes a teaching alternative to the challenges faced by higher education in contexts where the way of obtaining, processing and transmitting knowledge is transformed.

Investigating the Functions of Code-Switching among EFL Lecturers and Undergraduate Students in Saudi Arabia

Many researchers have noticed that instructors who teach English as a foreign language (EFL) in language-learning institutions worldwide frequently implement code-switching (CS). Through this study, we investigate the functions of CS, specifically topic-switching, affective, and repetitive functions, as a pedagogical tool in an English for Specific Purposes classroom. The study is based on the perceptions of lecturers and students from two higher education institutions, Digital Colleges and Yanbu Industrial College, in Saudi Arabia. A quantitative research design was employed, with data collected through a questionnaire. The study incorporated a sample of 24 female EFL lecturers and 193 Saudi female students. The results indicate that both groups acknowledge using CS for topic shifting, with students displaying slightly higher acceptance. Additionally, both lecturers and students recognize the affective aspects of code-switching, with the students exhibiting greater agreement. Furthermore, lecturers and students agree regarding clearly identifying all repetitive functions. The study highlights the potential of CS functions as an educational tool to enhance interaction between EFL lecturers and students, encouraging engagement, cooperation, and academic achievements. It also underscores the significance of determining appropriate functions for various circumstances and shows that although acceptance may differ, there is general agreement on the various purposes for which CS is utilized in the EFL context.

University–Industry Collaboration in Managing Translation Projects: Perceptions and Responses From Students, Instructors, and Industry Partners

University–Industry Collaboration in Managing Translation Projects: Perceptions and Responses From Students, Instructors, and Industry Partners

The Impact of Social Support on the College Enrollment Aspirations of Ethnic Minority Vocational Students: A Case Study of a Modern Industrial College in Xinjiang

In recent years, China has been striving to enhance the quality of the population in ethnic minority areas, promote local talent cultivation, and accelerate local economic development by increasing investment in basic education resources and expanding enrollment in higher education. This study conducted semi-structured interviews with 27 ethnic minority students from a modern industrial college in Xinjiang to explore the influence of social support on academic aspirations. Employing qualitative research methods and drawing on the interview outline by Wang (2020), supported by Ajzen’s (1991) Theory of Planned Behavior, the study concludes that national policies, schools, teachers, and parents influence the academic aspirations of ethnic minority students. Based on these findings, the study suggests the effective implementation of relevant national policies and calls for schools, teachers, and parents to pay attention to and encourage the academic aspirations of ethnic minority students. This study inspires future scholars to pay more attention to the academic aspirations of ethnic minority students, aiming to provide them with more assistance and improve the overall education level of ethnic minority students.

Determinants of effective university–industry collaboration: an empirical study of Oman’s Higher Education Institutions

Determinants of effective university–industry collaboration: an empirical study of Oman’s Higher Education Institutions

Factors influencing the research impact in cancer research: a collaboration and knowledge network analysis

BackgroundCancer is a major public health challenge globally. However, little is known about the evolution patterns of cancer research communities and the influencing factors of their research capacity and impact, which is affected not only by the social networks established through research collaboration but also by the knowledge networks in which the research projects are embedded.MethodsThe focus of this study was narrowed to a specific topic – 'synthetic lethality’ – in cancer research. This field has seen vibrant growth and multidisciplinary collaboration in the past decade. Multi-level collaboration and knowledge networks were established and analysed on the basis of bibliometric data from ‘synthetic lethality’-related cancer research papers. Negative binomial regression analysis was further applied to explore how node attributes within these networks, along with other potential factors, affected paper citations, which are widely accepted as proxies for assessing research capacity and impact.ResultsOur study revealed that the synthetic lethality-based cancer research field is characterized by a knowledge network with high integration, alongside a collaboration network exhibiting some clustering. We found significant correlations between certain factors and citation counts. Specifically, a leading status within the nation-level international collaboration network and industry involvement were both found to be significantly related to higher citations. In the individual-level collaboration networks, lead authors’ degree centrality has an inverted U-shaped relationship with citations, while their structural holes exhibit a positive and significant effect. Within the knowledge network, however, only measures of structural holes have a positive and significant effect on the number of citations.ConclusionsTo enhance cancer research capacity and impact, non-leading countries should take measures to enhance their international collaboration status. For early career researchers, increasing the number of collaborators seems to be more effective. University–industry cooperation should also be encouraged, enhancing the integration of human resources, technology, funding, research platforms and medical resources. Insights gained through this study also provide recommendations to researchers or administrators in designing future research directions from a knowledge network perspective. Focusing on unique issues especially interdisciplinary fields will improve output and influence their research work.

Exploration and Practice of Cultivating Innovative Talents in Pharmaceutical Specialty Based on Deep Integration of Industry–University–Research

Exploration and Practice of Cultivating Innovative Talents in Pharmaceutical Specialty Based on Deep Integration of Industry–University–Research

Study on the evolution of multi-level collaborative innovation networks in China’s cloud manufacturing industry

ABSTRACT CMfg is a new service-oriented manufacturing mode integrating new-generation information technologies, and its development promotes the digital transformation of China’s manufacturing industry. Exploring the evolution trend of CMfg's co-innovation networks is essential to the development of manufacturing digitalisation. The research is carried out from three levels: The evolutionary characteristics of the organisational co-innovation network in the CMfg industry are identified through SNA and THA; the evolution of technological co-innovation network is analysed by using FP-Growth and the textual analysis, to recognise the technology convergence trends; the evolution of the factors affecting regional collaborations are discovered by using QAP model to analyse the regional co-innovation network. Following conclusions are achieved: CMfg co-innovation is centred on state-owned enterprises in the power and telecommunication industries, with University–Industry collaboration as the main form; the current hot spots of CMfg technologies are the Resource Perception-and-Access, the Resource Virtualisation-and-Service; the regional collaboration in China's CMfg industry tends to be partnership-led and multi-polar. It suggests that: In the CMfg industry, more enterprises-supporting policy should be made, while the Virtualisation-and-Service technologies need more attention, and the partnerships among regions should be further enhanced.